1
25
34
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/f530064739f82222d6ba6442c7ab913f.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=IxZSPEUj34ixhedmkeKDaVSP-HBLu0cISh8S%7E-CO7QYOLXKdlPIkFj0R5z8tu19UkY4d0sC36izPG%7E1JcpQ2%7E2fxHMIrg%7EjLBuH2tSUs-WsfMrKquW5pHoyYLwsWJpmHcd4wL8FH%7EYWsXrc4lYtGCxoG-q3wBxaAZss3LfFbxXSfFnhVrhv7N9jg7DzcrI5fFm3q-t833WkNTITP8fhuuFMv2CuFSHi%7ERWMgm9jNTzb5szbvjSgMq4o5p0xnzD%7EWWo0vFc%7ErIY3NVbhMHpcIlMxE9AjqIs3RgoeNGF8Po0rHDdFqAj81IKDV3muJraremMuR4Z2BK%7EoNhM1F4N2CBg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
fac8a832b5943202d7ae09bfad682085
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/669c359dfdb34d75cd3a95c5cd0ad869.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=WNZoFcGdFDb8iexfcitwT-9pLagJkDZyBbQYP9tRNmgBh3yXOULTSLkoN8BOdhCwehHQqYrO-DzKs6CZ0xoAc5-irIi5E%7EmB8AnDv80WtahWyR3-7WJgR76LuDjXHh5oEX0tsWLdcBFLa9rRhFC3UKfjLD20r8inSzwtJl9Bx9w6v3%7ExEmiPKgLQNTxxUOAwTXo9gEEfFl4Wqh7PsD7JRn63l37oWBz5sSU9tNAGoOXz6toyGtkcdjZEkBd4q9TzbMQ4QJs5Opo3QrRDU3anm0A%7EIqa7tGmh3Ep55p3pB5LRtMvDAJ3HBY-EhelEm3Win9Gf1Gdt0hragLCZeym9cg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
e712d3c6fa4cd1a2d93ca18f78da702a
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/67486000310cbc4b8bb6c3bffcecb1d1.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=hMW5tEojDprUGDe0W%7E3s1Ec4TQEZH%7EdvvQVi3oCre3qrP5r2Ptpzv5FLxoHB857guuoyEc1X7G4ruzlR4XyPtjId7q8GkeAyZcwM0piFD8mZ2hl0F7cpZ3BCLi6UAqGZU0WpxiIpfm0cuHog3r3TVdVL6D0tTqX2T9h6qp0PdORIXHJDMWHxu6%7EQQ1OZjRfZl1FgwOvSdJn8W1-jC%7E0-ObLWZ7fhjFY-al7tK%7EIwDk5RXqNvbj2KJ0EI-TLN5-03XYCREhKk3YKcIBzicNH9ml%7EZUWyXMUx60m8hRANkO2TzDeSDyPWJhMWx-2aDJp%7E7rODAw7POw%7E8HVuRi0ifoSQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
a17f83e49b8f8552dc85fa66838fac07
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/2ae9dc572ad9a0ad28a9aa6a83e31392.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Ya-It3V2o-ctSQgXdBOPFpd2P5TDK3nh0nb4wc%7EtVdqfKpcTdWDxh321sJ5XLn%7EDMwkeZvw348fk%7EUdRpzB%7ED1-5JVsaOt%7ER2CDNDrMeOBcviEnIjRDaXMUubNErvHOpINIa3H2UIWJYrgcZbkLmhuyf%7EAQvN7FhwXfDFD5mAn1Ej1RpqmAURiM2IqrJzAGYVf02BdSnve3ByLlH4RqAkeGO5JLu0GCNqhXvbh8JRAV3rqbuKLkPa4yqYQlo0md007C-YAEKCr1EvvdwjGtsJ9A323U2mOmVjCvyl1xMxbI2QIakY0XlU-Qvt36ORzocwZFsAdwWrVxXZ4wAXjz9nw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
8d14e58ead9d947a8d84b0eed6edc3b1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>THE<br />VIRGINIA GAZETTE,<br />THURSDAY, AUGUST 25, 1774. NUMBER 433</p>
<p>OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG: PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.</p>
<p>All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12s. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3s. the first Week,<br />and 2s. each Time after; long ones in Proportion. ____PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<p>THE generous support which the printer of this paper has<br />received from the public, since the decease of her late<br />husband, induces her once more to return the warmest<br />acknowledgements, as well for past favours as the kind<br />promises of many individuals to continue their kindness<br />towards her; and it is with infinite satisfaction she can<br />assure her customers that she shall shortly, should Providence be pleased<br />to restore her health, be enabled to conduct her business with more ease<br />and extension than her most sanguine expectations originally dictated.</p>
<p>The known emoluments arising from a free exercise of the press, in all<br />matters which serve not the ends of corruption and malevolence, and the<br />numerous other advantages derived from a well conducted newspaper, are<br />so apparent, that it requires no comment, or expostulation, particularly<br />to enlarge or set them forth. To revive, at all times in her power, the<br />spirit of this paper, by a due observance of material intelligence, and a <br />proper attention to all pieces with which she may be favoured from any<br />of her correspondents, which, if they exceed not the bounds of her<br />gazette, and are fraught with either a decent or moral tendency, shall<br />have their proper arrangement.</p>
<p>The printer would by no means be understood to boast a <em>superiority</em> in<br />the conduct of a vehicle of this nature; the only advances, that it shall<br />be her particular endeavour to amuse and instruct, and, at the same time,<br />her firm determination, ever to preserve the <em>dignity</em> of her paper.</p>
<p>Nor will she presume to urge that this gazette will always be exempt,<br />or free, from small, or typographical errors, it being utterly impossible<br />for the nicest eye, at all times, to distinguish, or perceive, faults of that<br />nature, owing chiefly to the extreme hurry in which we are generally<br />involved.</p>
<p>A general correspondence with all the printers on this continent, as <br />also with many of the printers, and others with whom it is convenient<br />to carry on a correspondence of this sort, in many of the principal towns<br />and cities of Great Britain, is established, which will of course be<br />materially interesting and useful to us, by affording means to supply our<br />readers with the latest intelligence from those different quarters.</p>
<p>But while we are thus descanting upon the benefits resulting from a<br />paper conducted on such a plan as we have mentioned, it may not be<br />amiss, or unkindly taken, should we now drop a hint or two with respect<br />to the means which alone can prolong its existence:-----To every person,<br />then, but more especially to every customer, it must evidently appear,<br />that they are served at a very great expence, which cannot be defrayed<br />without punctual remittances from the subscribers yearly; nor would the <br />cash, due for advertisements at different periods, and for other kinds of<br />printing work, be unacceptable, were it to accompany the gazette money;<br />and which we must earnestly hope will be a material consideration with<br />our kind benefactors. This would enable her to proceed with spirit, and<br />at the same time to lay something by for the support of her children at<br />a future day; and she will not delay, that, under those circumstances, it<br />will be pretty considerable.</p>
<p>The printer must now, too, beg leave to observe, that this week<br />compleats the first year since she has had the management of an office;<br />and should it not be convenient for those of her subscribers who live<br />remote form Williamsburg to send their subscription money so soon as<br />they could wish, they will please to convey it by some merchant, or<br />other person, who would readily, she is persuaded, do that kindness for<br />her, when they attend the ensuing October general court.</p>
<p>Having nothing farther to add, and fearing that I have already been<br />too troublesome, I shall conclude the public’s most grateful, and much<br />obliged, humble servant,<br /><em>August</em> 18, 1774. CLEMENTINA RIND.</p>
<p>From the PENNSYLVANIA JOURNAL.<br /><em>Messieurs</em> BRADFORDS,<br />THOUGH I am very sensible that matters of politics belong more<br />to men than women, yet I cannot help sometimes indulging serious<br />thoughts on the present alarming situation of public affairs. The actions<br />of the ministry and parliament express a determined resolution to subject<br />the colonies to their will and pleasure; while the union of the colonies<br />and their deep rooted love of liberty, convince me, that they will not<br />tamely surrender their rights, nor, without a struggle, consent to hold<br />their lives and property by the precarious tenure of the will of others.<br />The natural timidity of my sex paints on my imagination the horrors of<br />the struggle in dismal colours, which are doubtless heightened by educa-<br />tion, and the peace and tranquility heretofore enjoyed. But dreadful<br />as the calamities of war may be, in my view, the horrors of slavery are<br />still more dreadful. Cities have been demolished, and under the auspices<br />of liberty have, in a few years, risen to their former splendour; armies<br />have been vanquished, and again repaired; but a people subjected to arbi-<br />trary government sink from misery to misery, till their wretchedness<br /><em>beggars all description!</em> SOPHRONIA.</p>
<p>The following ANECDOTE, not altogether unapplicable to the<br />present situation of affairs in Boston, may not be disagreeable to our<br />readers.</p>
<p>ABOUT the year 1734 sir Robert Walpole having planned an<br />act for a general excise, communicated to the king his intentions<br />of having it passed, with assurances at the same time of its producing a<br />very considerable revenue. His majesty approved the plan, and ordered<br />sir Robert to prosecute it. The bill was accordingly introduced into the<br />second reading, sir Robert, on his return from the house, would in all<br />probability have been murdered, had he not been rescued by colonel<br />Horsey of the guards; all the avenues to the house being thronged with<br />people, fired with resentment against so iniquitous a bill, and eager to<br />revenge themselves on the framer of it. Sir Robert then dreading the<br />consequences of its passing, went to his majesty and applied for permission<br />to decline it altogether. The king, however, insisted on the prosecution<br />of it, and sending for John duke of Argyle, who was then general of<br />the forces in Great Britain, asked him in what condition his army was?<br />The answer was, in a very good one. Are the regiments complete? As<br />much so as they generally are in times of peace. Can you depend on<br />them? I will be answerable for every one of them to a man. Then it<br /><em>shall</em> pass, said his majesty. On which the duke desired to know what<br />was to pass; and on being informed, the noble general answered, “May<br />it please your majesty! Whenever you turn your arms against your ene-<br />mies, I will pledge myself for their good behaviour; but if you turn<br />English arms against English arms, I will not be responsible for them. <br />Nobly said, even to his majesty! But now we are so genteelly bashful,<br />that we dare not say as much to a tyrant minister!</p>
<p>BOSTON, July 21.<br />A CORRESPONDENT observes, that if the bills should pass for<br />altering the government of Massachusetts Bay, it cannot be sup-<br />posed that any man of character will accept of, or act in, any affair con-<br />trary to the established laws and chartered rights of the people; if any<br />persons should be so <em>abandoned,</em>, as to act against the liberty and the<br />voice of this country, they must be esteemed the vilest enemies of free-<br />dom, and the basest wretches above ground.</p>
<p>The firmness and unanimity of the people to defend their invaluable<br />rights, notwithstanding the restlessness of a little selfish faction, does</p>
<div class=""column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>this province honour. At a meeting of sixty gentlemen, deputies of the<br />several towns in the county of Berkshire, a number of judicious, spirited<br />resolves were passed, and a non-consumption agreement agreed upon, to<br />encourage our own manufactures, and a subscription for the Boston suffer-<br />ers, by the port act. The accounts from Connecticut are the most en-<br />couraging, and the firmness, activity, and generosity, of the other colonies,<br />is astonishing to the enemies of American freedom. Courage AMERI-<br />CANS! and, with the help of God, the slavery intended us may be<br />warded off, and our tranquility established.</p>
<p>Large orders for fall goods have been countermanded, occasioned by the<br />non-consumptive agreement.</p>
<p><em>July</em> 25. On the 4th of May, at Leeds, in England, wheat was sold<br />at the enormous price of 7s. sterling (exactly 10s. lawful money) per<br />bushel.</p>
<p>A non-consumption agreement, we hear, is universally adopted in<br />New Hampshire, and in every part of this province; in many towns<br />scarce a dissentient. As this was foreseen, large orders for a fall importa-<br />tion have been countermanded. May the blessing of him that is ready to<br />perish fall upon the benefactors to this besieged and distressed town,<br />through the continent. Their sympathy and generosity are astonishing.</p>
<p>A subscription paper is said to be signing with amazing rapidity, by the<br />ladies and gentlemen of Portsmouth, “that from and after the 16th day<br />of July, 1774, they will not import, sell, purchase, or consume any kind<br />of East India teas, nor suffer the same to be used or consumed in their<br />respective families, until the present duty on that article shall be taken<br />off, and the port of Boston opened.”</p>
<p>Mr. Pelathiah Webster, of Philadelphia, has given orders to his cor-<br />respondent here to pay into the hands of the treasurer of the committee<br />for receiving donations, ten pounds lawful money, for the use of the<br />industrious poor, who are now suffering in consequence of the Boston<br />port bill.</p>
<p><em>July</em> 28. Every part of this extensive continent, so far as we have yet<br />heard, appear to be deeply interested in the fate of this unhappy town.<br />Many and great are the donations we have already received, and many<br />more we have good reason to expect. The cry of hunger is not so great<br />as was at first expected. Even our poorest people have not suffered for<br />the want of bread. May that Being who hath the hearts of all men in<br />his hands, and who turneth them as he pleaseth, still dispose our sym-<br />pathising brethren to continue their benefactions, till we are happily<br />relieved from our present difficulties!</p>
<p>The governor of Connecticut has appointed the 31st of August next as<br />a day of fasting, humiliation, and prayer.</p>
<p>At a town meeting on Tuesday last, the methods proposed for employ-<br />ing such as are out of business by the operation of the port bill, were<br />approved; a circular letter to the other town, relative to the bills for<br />vacating our charter, was reported, and accepted by the town. The<br />meeting stands adjourned to Tuesday the 9th day of August.</p>
<p>We hear from Marblehead that the fast was observed with great solemni-<br />ty there, and can find but two persons who were disposed to profane it<br />by opening their stores. As they both had addressed Mr. Hutchinson, they<br />refused to join in the merchants agreement of that town relative to stores<br />and wharves, or to subscribe towards the relief of such as would be void<br />of support under the oppressive port bill. This impious proceeding is<br />attended with aggravating circumstances. The persons were R---H---,<br />esquire, and his son in law S-----W----; and although the first has<br /><em>rented his country seat to his excellency, we cannot think he was advised<br />to trample on religion and abuse holy things; since the army and navy,<br />although sent on a hostile errand, have hitherto conducted with more<br />decency. It is probable that such men as these have given encouragement<br />to parliament to persist in their arbitrary measures; men born amongst us,<br />who to get a place or pension are so active to ruin their country, are, by<br />far, more culpable than any persons of Great Britain can possibly be.<br />May proper steps be taken to hand their names and characters down to<br />posterity! The reverend clergy we are glad to find generally engaged in<br />the cause of liberty through the continent; they are fully sensible that a<br />people who lose their liberty, and submit to despotism, will inevitably<br />follow the examples of their tyrannical superiors, and throw of all reli-<br />gion. Christianity was never known to flourish in an arbitrary govern-<br />ment, and therefore our pious teachers do well in opposing slavery, as <br />an inlet to every vice; none but dupes of power assert that the clergy, in<br />such times as these, have nothing to do with politics, since the sacred<br />writings bear frequent testimony against oppression and tyranny. Surely<br />they are under every possible obligation to exert themselves in favour of<br />their country, since, with the loss of its liberty, religion must sink,<br />social happiness be destroyed, and in the ruin and downfall of America,<br />they and their families be impoverished and reduced to hardships and want.</em></p>
<p>By captait Lovett, arrived last sabbath in this town, after a short<br />passage to Portsmouth from Antigua, we learn that the merchants and<br />planters were in great consternation there on reading the proposals of<br />the colonies for suspending their supplies of lumber and provisions, which<br />they agree must be ruinous to them; and in consequence, they have ap-<br />propriated a third of their cane plantations for the culture of Indian corn,<br />yams, potatoes, &c. for the maintenance of their slaves, in case the<br />suspension does take place. It is further said Antigua has sent home a<br />remonstrance on that head, and prayed Great Britain, either to open the<br />port of Boston, and let them have provisions as usual, or furnish them<br />with the absolute necessities of life themselves; otherwise, say they,<br />their sugar planting must speedily come to an end, as they can neither<br />support their slaves, nor ship the sugars home for want of casks. Not-<br />withstanding the distress in which they foresee they must be involved by<br />our discontinuance of trade with them, they generously commend us for<br />the resolutions, acknowledging that in our circumstances any measure we<br />can lay hold on for relief from the chains imposing upon us is fully justi-<br />fiable. An instance of their generosity and patriotism captain Lovett had<br />the pleasure of witnessing. That old troubler of Boston, captain Bruce,<br />was railing against this town in a large company at a principal tavern at<br />dinner while he was there; and after he had expatiated largely on the <br />abuse he had suffered for bringing his blessed cargo of tea (though by the<br />way the old caitiff was used more tenderly than any shipmaster concerned<br />in that rascally job) and hoped the next freight he brought them would<br />be soldiers: A gentleman stepped calmly up to him, and asked him if<br />he had not for many years got his bread from the people against whom he<br />was so bitterly inveighing? And being answered in the affirmative, he<br />caught Bruce by the nose, and let him out of the company, requiring him<br />to keep his distance, as a dirty ingrate, unworthy of any gentleman’s<br />company or countenance. The company present, on this, agreed not to<br />afford him an ounce of freight on any terms, and it is thought the loyal<br />martyr will be forced to go home in ballast. A fine circle truly, captain<br />Bruce! You ought indeed to be noticed by his lordship; for it is great<br />odds if you are not as stiff, as obstinate, as wrong headed a miscreant as<br />ever listed under his banner.<br />From a rascal in office of exports and imports in Boston (one Murray)<br />to his friend, D. Ar. M<sup>c</sup>Neil, in Carolina.</p>
<p>”Our sons of liberty, as you will see by the papers, have at length<br />procured for themselves a smart dose of correction, but they make faces<br />and take it with a bad grace, which will not make the operation the<br />gentler. Will your colony, and others of the same stamp take warning<br />by our discipline? If they do not they will certainly come in for their<br />share, now John Bull is roused.”</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from</em> Newport, <em>dated</em> July 22.<br />”Two vessels from South Carolina arrived here last night; the people<br />there have subscribed 2000 barrels of rice for your town; and two vessels<br />were loading for Boston with some of it, when the last advices came<br />away.”</p>
<p>Letters from the southern parts of North Carolina assure us, that the<br />inhabitants there will go as far in defence of American liberty as can be<br />expected, and recommend, if a congress should be deemed the first step<br />necessary to be taken, that subscriptions, or rather collections, be set on<br />foot throughout the continent, to raise and remit a sum of money to the<br />community in Boston, for the relief of their distressed and suffering<br />brethren there, who must stand in equal need of such assistance, as if<br />their town had been destroyed by fire.<br /><em>Extract of a letter from</em> Alexandria (Virginia) <em>to a gentleman in town, dated</em><br />July 6, 1774.</p>
<p>”The following subscription for the benefit and relief of those (the<br />industrious poor of the town of Boston) who by the late cruel act of par-<br />liament are deprived of their daily labour and bread, to prevent the inha-<br />bitants sinking under the oppression or migrating, to keep up that manly<br />spirit that has made them dear to every American, through the envy of<br />an arbitrary parliament, is from the county of Fairfax, in this colony,<br />viz. 273l. in specie (equal to lawful) 38 barrels of flour, and 150 bushels<br />of wheat. This subscription being but few days on foot, we have not<br />had an opportunity to present it to the country in general; a large sum<br />will be given. Mr. Henley yesterday returned from Dumfries, after con-<br />sulting the committee of Prince William county, in which a subscription<br />is going on generously; this day he sets out to consult the committees of<br />Loudoun and Frederick counties, in each of which a spirit becoming gene-<br />rous and free born sons of liberty are in the like manner testified: Indeed,<br />all Virginia and Maryland are contributing for the relief of Boston. The<br />subscription is to be laid out in corn and flour, to be shipped and configured<br />to the honourable James Bowdoin and John Hancock, esquires, Mr.<br />Samuel Adams, Isacc Smith, esquire, and the gentlemen committee of<br />correspondence in Boston, to be distributed in such manner as they shall<br />think most proper, among the persons reduced to want and indigence by<br />means of the cruel and unjust act of parliament. We expect daily to load<br />our schooner Nassau with a cargo to be presented, as by the enclosed paper.<br />Our association was put off, as the people from the country could not at-<br />tend, being in the midst of harvest, and bad weather; they would have<br />lost much grain; but be assured Virginia and Maryland are determined to<br />unite with the colonies. Firmness and intrepidity are their characters.”</p>
<p>Thursday last the delegates from the several towns in the province of<br />New Hampshire met at Exeter, when they made choice of colonel<br />Nathaniel Folsom of Exeter, and major John Sullivan of Durham, to re-<br />present that province at the general congress.</p>
<p>A correspondent says it is expected that the congress will recommend<br />to the people of this continent to enter into an engagement not to pur-<br />chase any goods of the English East India company, or their factors, until<br />the company hath made <em>compensation</em> to Boston, and other towns of the<br />continent, which have suffered in consequence of said company’s <em>basely</em><br />sending their <em>detested tea</em> to America.</p>
<p>A few days ago a number of small arms and a box of files, which were<br />transporting from this place to Salem, were seized on Boston Neck, by<br />order of lieutenant Johnston.</p>
<p><em>To the printer of the</em> PENNSYLVANIA PACKET.<br />SIR,<br />ON reading in the eastern papers the address to general Gage, from<br />the justices of Suffolk, in Massachusetts government, with his<br />excellency’s answer to it, brought to my mind the address of the mayor<br />and corporation of Coventry, to queen Elizabeth, on her paying them a<br />visit: I will attempt to repeat it, though perhaps not literally.<br />We men of Coventry<br />Are very glad to see<br />Your royal majesty;<br />Good laws, <em>how fair</em> you be!<br />To which her majesty replied:<br /><em>My royal majesty,</em><br /><em>Is very glad to see</em><br /><em>You men of Coventry;</em><br /><em>Good sirs, what fools you be!</em><br />Now though I do not pretend to that elegance of language, and beauty<br />of poetry, so eminently here displayed, I will aim at a humble imitation.<br />To general GAGE.<br />His royal majesty,<br />In this time of “difficulty,”<br />Has sent your excellency<br />To rule and govern <em>we;</em><br />Dear sir, <em>how wife</em> you be!<br />The ANSWER.<br />I <em>do most thankfully</em><br /><em>Receive these lines from ye,</em><br /><em>Men who plainly see</em><br /><em>My great “ability;”</em><br /><em>Dear sirs,</em> what knaves <em>you be!</em></p>
<p>From the MORNING CHRONICLE.<br /><em>To the</em> KING.<br />SIR,<br />I am going to address you in a stile with which the ear of a monarch<br />is but little acquainted; I equally detest the panegyric of a courtier,<br />and the malignity of a pretended patriot. Stimulated by a real zeal for<br />the welfare of my country, it shall be my endeavour to point out the<br />brink of destruction on which we at this moment stand; it ought to be<br />your’s to snatch us from it.</p>
<p>I have said that this nation is on the verge of ruin; think not that<br />such an assertion is idle declamation. There is but one method, that I<br />know of, by which we can judge of the future; it is by a retrospect to<br />the past. Look back, sir, to what hath happened in similar situations;<br />from thence you will be able to form a truer judgment than from the<br />information which reaches you through the medium of a court. Let the<br />historian be the faithful instructor of my sovereign. He who relates the<br />conduct of those who are no more hath no interest in deceiving. The<br />gloss of the picture may indeed be worn off, but its real beauties are<br />matured by time.</p>
<p>Believe not those who tell you that this country is in a flourishing<br />condition; it is their interest that leads them to impose such falsehoods on<br />your royal ear. They know that it is next to impossible they should be<br />detected. You have only an opportunity of beholding the wealth and<br />grandeur of your metropolis, with the beautiful country around it; the<br />wretchedness of the more distant parts is unknown. The cries and<br />distresses of the poor never pollute the atmosphere of a palace.</p>
<p>Your heart, I am confident, is capable of the most benevolent feelings.<br />Were you but acquainted with the misery that proceeds from that<br />corruption, which is too notorious to be doubted, you would no longer<br />suffer the industrious poor to be plundered, to bestow thousands upon<br />men who are a burthen to their country, and a disgrace to the hands that<br />exalt them.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>I am aware of the nice situation in which a monarch is placed:<br />Surrounded by sycophants, to whom truth is a stranger, I pity him for<br />measures which I cannot but detest; and where every private virtue<br />adorns him, I must still esteem the man, however I condemn the<br />magistrate. But, sir, it behoves you to pierce through the veil that<br />surrounds you. Try to discern things as they are, not as they seem, and<br />let your own judgments be the director of your conduct, Be it my care<br />for the present to display a few truths to your view, with that duty and<br />respect which I owe to you, as my sovereign, and with that freedom<br />which I owe to myself and man.</p>
<p>I have before said that we are to judge of the future by the past; every<br />empire since the beginning of the world might be brought home to my<br />subject. The Roman was the latest, and, I believe, the strongest example;<br />to it therefore I shall confine myself. Shall I beg your attention? It<br />cannot be of disservice.</p>
<p>In the early days of Rome its citizens were linked together by the<br />strongest bond of nature, that of self-preservation. The meanest under-<br />standing very clearly perceived, that to defend themselves from the foes<br />that surrounded them, unanimity was the first essential. They perceived<br />also, that power belonged only unto those whose superior abilities could<br />dictate the wisest measures in the cabinet, and best enforce them in the<br />field. Nor were the abilities the only requisite to distinctions; the strictest<br />virtue, the noblest rectitude of life, were also necessary. <em>They lodged not<br />power with those whose principles were suspected, lest they should betray.</em><br />Rome conquered every foe, not by a majority of numbers, but by superior<br />virtue. Love of country, and the public good, were the darling passions<br />of a Roman. <em>They did not serve the state to plunder it;</em> they led not mer-<br />cenary armies to the field, but men who fought for all they held dear.<br />No other forces could withstand them, for no other forces possessed such<br />uncorrupted manners. Surrounding nations sought their ruin, and num-<br />bers seemed to ensure it; but Roman virtue towered above them all;<br />their eagles flew victorious, and conquest crowned their arms.</p>
<p>Such once was Rome; in some degree, such once was Britain. Let<br />us then take a view of Rome’s decline; it may perhaps come home to<br />times more modern.</p>
<p>There is an old observation, and I believe a true on, that every crime<br />carries with it its own punishment; it is at least verified in the case before<br />us. Whilst Rome fought only against her <em>real enemies,</em> and from the just<br />principle of self-defence, she raised herself to the highest pitch of human<br />greatness; but when she carried her arms to distant nations, that never<br />had molested her; when the sword was drawn from the infamous motives<br />of plunder and conquest, she laid the foundation of her own destruction<br />Her Asiatic wars, indeed, brought wealth and riches into Rome, but<br />with them were introduced luxuries that had been before unknown.<br />From that moment virtue and public spirit sunk apace; dissipation banish-<br />ed temperance and independence; their bodies became enfeebled, and<br />their souls depraved; a few engrossed the riches of the empire, and po-<br />verty depressed the lower ranks of me; it was no longer virtue that<br />raised me up to the first employments of the state, but the chance of<br />birth, and the caprice of fortune. Those men, whose genius and whose<br />sentiments would have reflected honour on the highest offices, fled from a<br />court where vice and villainy prevailed. Such a situation could not long<br />continue. When universal corruption overspreads the body, dissolution<br />is at hand. Bodies enervated, and minds polluted, were but feeble<br />opponents, when attacked by invaders, who followed nature, undebauched<br />by art. The Roman empire, that had flourished for ages, that had been<br />the mistress of the world, was overturned from her very foundation in<br />less than two centuries. How instructive is such an example to succeed-<br />ing nations? Whilst the Roman people were virtuous; whilst every office<br />and honour were bestowed on those only whose superior merit claimed<br />pre-eminence; whilst public good was the universal pursuit, and whilst<br />none were possessed of overgrown fortunes, nor wanted the real necessa-<br />ries of life, they were invincible; But when the distinctions of birth and<br />riches arose, and to be good no longer led to greatness; when the public<br />treasure was squandered on unworthy individuals, and the poor were<br />plundered to enrich the rich; when love of country yielded to the love<br />of self; when one man was possessed of hoarded thousands, and millions<br />were unsupplied with the comforts of life, <em>they sank to ruin, and dissolved<br />away!</em></p>
<p>Such, sir, is the portrait which I lay before you. My observations,<br />though general, are, I believe, sufficient to convince you, that those very<br />symptoms which preceded the fall of Rome appear but too evidently in<br />the British constitution. Similar causes must ever produce similar effects.<br />The mode of our death may indeed be different, but it is equally certain,<br />unless some means can be found to recal our political health. We may<br />perhaps be too far gone even for medicine to avail; but however that may<br />be, the attempt would crown you with immortal glory. You would have<br />all the hounours due to the saviour of his country, though the enterprize<br />should fail. You see, sir, I do not accuse you of being the cause of those<br />evils I complain of; however popular such accusations may be, I am<br />satisfied they are unjust. It is the universal depravity of the times that<br />gives rise to those measures with which you are charged; I shall not<br />therefore attack any particular instance of corruption of which may have<br />happened since the commencement of your reign, but shall endeavour to<br />point out the original source from whence that corruption hath pro-<br />ceeded.</p>
<p>The source I mean to attack is the perversion of the house of commons.<br />I shall not detain you in proving what you cannot be unacquainted with.<br />In the construction of every body the soundness of each part is absolutely<br />necessary to the perfection of the whole: How happens it, then, that<br />a majority is obtained in the house of commons who will implicitly obey<br />the dictates of a cruel minister? Who no longer meet to deliberate on<br />what is necessary for the good of the nation, but to give their votes as<br />they have been before instructed? It is true, they have yet the shadow of<br />free debate, but how long even the shadow will remain after the substance<br />is gone, is not very difficult to determine. Sir Robert Walpole, to secure<br />his power, and to defend himself form the infamy due to his administra-<br />tion, first broached the absurd doctrine of the interests of king and people<br />being different; interested men have since supported it, and it now seems<br />established beyond redress. But, sir, be not blinded by false representa-<br />tions; five a fair and candid examination to the nature of that consti-<br />tution of which you are the head; you will then find that the<br />wealth of individuals may be of small service in the hour of danger,<br />when compared with the assistance which an independent and happy<br />yeomanry would cheerfully afford; you will find that the affections of<br />your subjects would be the best bulwark against every invader, and the<br />most faithful guardians of your person; in short, you will find, that the<br />propriety and happiness of a British monarch depends on every branch of<br />the constitution having that power and independence which was originally<br />designed. I know it may be said that there is a party against government<br />as well as for it: I grant it to be so; but let the one be no more, the<br />other will cease to exist, In the present parliament that indeed might<br />not be the case. Let us suppose one according to the plan that follows:</p>
<p>A king of England, convinced that his good, and that of his people,<br />were one and the same thing, issues his royal mandate for the election of<br />members to serve in parliament. As the welfare of the constitution is<br />his sole aim, he declares that no bribe of any nature, nor any interposi-<br />tion from the throne, shall influence the election of members, or bias<br />the debates of the house of commons when assembled. Let me ask what<br />would be the probable consequence of such a measure? It would be that<br />those men who at present spend such sums to be returned would no longer<br />be candidates; for they no longer would have the prospect of being amply<br />repaid. The best men in the kingdom would then be called forth by the<br />people to receive the sacred trust of representatives; for the people’s<br />poverty would no longer be tempted to make them resign their judgement<br />and integrity. men who now from principle fly to retirement, from<br />principle would then return to the world; for they would be happy to<br />serve their country when they could do it without an expence productive<br />of ruin. The designing knave would no longer dupe the vulgar with<br />pretended patriotism and noisy bombast; for he would then have nothing<br />to hope for. The king would meet a parliament ready to do every thing<br />loyalty and affection could dictate; for it would be the study of such a<br />parliament to promote the power and welfare of him and his kingdoms.<br />The taxes would then be laid on those shoulders that are best able to bear<br />them, and the real necessaries of life would come at the lowest rate to<br />to the meanest people. Luxury would then be made still more<br />luxurious; for such a parliament would supply the wants of the crown<br />by duties that would be levied off the wealthy, not off the indigent.<br />With such a parliament the confidence of the nation would be unlimited,<br />domestic foes would be unknown, and foreign enemies might well be<br />disregarded; wherever you appeared you would be hailed the deliverer of<br />your country, and the benevolent father of your people. Through life<br />your applauding subjects would look up to you with adoration, and at<br />your death the weeping multitude, in dismal accents, would proclaim,<br /><em>our guardian is no more!</em></p>
<p>Such, sir, is the only method that occurs to me in the present emer-<br />gency. I cannot for a moment suspect you of aiming at the subversion of<br />our liberties; if I did, I should not trouble you with this address. For<br />a man’s real character I shall ever look into private life; here I have ex-<br />amined your’s, and find it without a fault. But, sir, though you do not<br />harbour a sentiment in your royal breast that is destructive to your people,</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>we know not what your successors may do. The measures pursued since<br />your reign hath commenced must evidently tend to absolute monarchy.<br />You cannot blame your subjects for being alarmed, when they behold the<br />most useless employments created to reward the most worthless of men;<br />when they see pension after pension bestowed on beings who have never,<br />in the smallest instance, been of service to their country; but all their<br />jealousies and fears would cease was the parliament to be restored to its<br />primitive state; that is only to ne done by withdrawing the temptation<br />that perverts the institution. At present men lay out money in pur-<br />chasing seats, as the stock jobber does in the alley, from the expectation<br />of making hundreds per cent.</p>
<p>These, sir, are the sentiments of a man, who, from his infancy, hath<br />been taught to think the Hanoverian succession a source of freedom and<br />independence. Next to my country I would serve you with my life;<br />God forbid the service of the one should ever be incompatible with that<br />of the other.</p>
<p>NEWPORT, AUSUST 1.<br />LAST Wednesday arrived here the ship Swan, captain James<br />Ayscough, from New York; and brought with him a small pilot<br />boat, with about one hundred and forty pounds of tea, which he took<br />off Sandy Hook; he has since failed on a cruise, and on Saturday was<br />seen off Montague Point, bringing to vessels as they came out of, or<br />went into, the sound.</p>
<p>We can assure our readers that the town of Boston remains very firm<br />and resolute, and that nothing, under heaven, can force them to submit<br />to the assumed right of the present infamous parliament, unless the other<br />colonies should fail in their support, of which , thank God, there is not<br />the least probability.</p>
<p>PHILADELPHIA, <em>August</em> 8.<br /><em>Copy of a</em> LETTER <em>from the committee of</em> BOSTON <em>to the committee of<br />BALTIMORE.<br />GENTLEMEN, BOSTON, <em>July</em> 16, 1774.</em></p>
<p>YOUR important letter of the 27th ult. with the enclosures, came<br />safe to hand, and were regarded as “good news from a far country.”<br />The part taken by the province of Maryland must henceforth stop the<br />mouths of those blasphemers of humanity, who have affected to question<br />the existence of <em>public virtue.</em> So bright an example as you have set; can-<br />not fail to animate and encourage even the lukewarm and indifferent,<br />more especially such honest men as wish to be assured of support before<br />they engage in so weighty an enterprize.</p>
<p>The account you give of us of the spirit and magnanimity of the people<br />of Virginia confirm us in the opinion we have ever had of that ancient<br />colony, of whose disinterested virtue this province has had ample expe-<br />rience. The noble sacrifice you stand ready to make of the staple com-<br />modity of your province, so materially affecting the revenue of Great<br />Britain, and your generous interposition in our favour, have our warmest<br />acknowledgements. So much honour, wisdom, public and private virtue,<br />so much readiness in every colony, to afford every species of aid and<br />assistance that the suffering state requires, must convince a <em>venal herd</em>that<br />notwithstanding they may be utterly unacquainted with the meaning of<br />the word <em>patriotism,</em> it has, however, a substantial existence in North<br />America. With the smiles of all governing providence upon the vigorous<br />efforts of our inestimable brethren at home and abroad, we promise our-<br />selves a final deliverance form the calamities we are now subjected to;<br />and which, for our own, our country, and posterity’s political salvation,<br />we resolve, by God’s assistance, to sustain with fortitude and patience.<br />We are, gentlemen, your friends and fellow countrymen.<br />Signed by order, WILLIAM COOPER, clerk<br /><em>Extract of a letter from an officer in the army, now in </em>Ireland, <em>who served<br />almost all the last war in</em>America, <em>to his friend in this city, dated the<br />27th of </em> May, 1774.</p>
<p>”I hope my good friends, the Bostonians, may get themselves well<br />out of the scrape, both to their satisfaction and honour, as a house di-<br />vided against itself cannot stand. I was well acquainted with many of<br />their officers that served on different campaigns with me last war, and<br />proved to be good officers, and brave, worthy men. These are the sen-<br />timents of many here, who served in American last war, and would shud-<br />der at the thoughts of being ordered on so disagreeable service as that<br />of drawing a trigger against an American, and their countrymen. It is<br />my opinion we should all become Americans sooner than comply with<br />such an order.”</p>
<p>BALTIMORE (MARYLAND) <em>July</em> 16.<br />A VESSEL, we hear, hath failed from the eastern shore of this<br />province with a cargo of provisions, as a free gift to our besieged<br />brethren at Boston.</p>
<p>The inhabitants of all the counties of Virginia and Maryland are sub-<br />scribing with great liberality for the relief of the distressed towns of<br />Boston and Charlestown. The inhabitants of Alexandria, we hear, in a <br />few hours subscribed THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY POUNDS<br />for that noble purpose.</p>
<p>Subscriptions are opened in this town for the support and animation of<br />the inhabitants of Boston, under their present great conflict for the com-<br />mon freedom of us all, which have already been so successful that a vessel<br />is now loading with provisions for that place, as a testimony of the<br />affection of this people towards their persecuted brethren, now bravely<br />contending against “fraud, power, and the most odious oppression,” which<br />God grant may never rise triumphant over “right, justice, social happi-<br />ness, and freedom!”</p>
<p>A GENTLEMAN, <em>upon reading general Gage’s proclamation for<br />suppressing</em> VICE, <em> &c. observed, that it could be intended only as a<br />sneer at the Bostonians; and he was very much surprised to find his excellency<br />asserting that he did it</em> “in humble imitation of his majesty.”---BEWARE<br />GEESE WHEN THE FOX PREACHES.</p>
<p><em>AS the governnor, in his extraordinary proclamation, with much seeming<br />piety too, labours to make the people believe that he is greatly concerned for<br />their future, as well as present happiness, would it not have tended to pro-<br />mote such a truly pious purpose had his excellency been a little less on the reserve<br />after recommending an avoidance of hypocrisy, &c. (example being much<br />more prevalent than precept) and declared that he did not mean, nor intend,<br />such offenders of the military as might, either wantonly, maliciously, or con-<br />trary to the laws of God and man, maim, wound, kill, or plunder, any of the<br />inhabitants of Massachusetts Bay? All such trifling offences being cognizable<br />only in Great Britain; as a declaration of this kind must have carried con-<br />viction with it to the very breast of his excellency's least admirers, not to say<br />enemies, when there is so much goodness intended to those committed to his<br />charge. But in order to convince the world that the governor's regard for that<br />province is unfeigned, it may be necessary to publish the two folloiwng para-<br />graphs from his excellency's letter to the earl of Hillsborough, dated Boston,<br />October 31, 1768; by which it will appear that he had the constitution of<br />that government at heart when he was much less interested in it than he is at<br />present.</em></p>
<p><em>”If it is asked why the governor does not turn all the justices of peace out<br />of commission, and put others in, who will do their duty, it is answered,<br />that the governor can neither appoint justices, or turn them out, but by consent<br />of council; and that the council opposes every thing proposed to the governor,<br />for the service of government, that is unpopular. From what has been said,<br />your lordship will conclude that there is no government in Boston. There is, in<br />truth, very little at present, and the constitution of this province leans so much<br />to the side of democracy, that the governor has not the power to remedy the<br />disorders which happen in it.” See printed letters from governor Bernard,<br />general Gage, and others, to the early of Hillsborough.</em></p>
<p><em>From the above description of the general’s, and the measures now carrying<br />on by the governor, does it not seem as if his excellency’s concern for a reforma-<br />tion of that constitution had recommended him to administration for the great<br />and important change that is manifestly intended to be made throughout all the<br />colonies, after the experiment has succeeded with one?</em><br />From the SOUTH CAROLINA GAZETTE.<br />Mr. TIMOTHY,</p>
<p>THE <em>general cry that has for some time prevailed against my countrymen,<br />that they are, in toto, inimical to the liberties of America, is so mani-<br />fest a piece of injustice to them, that I must beg leave to claim a place in your<br />paper for a few words in behalf of the </em> Scots mechanics <em> of this town, who<br />are numerous, in general a set of sober, industrious, honest men, and many of<br />them otherwise respectable: Let others answer for themselves.</em></p>
<p><em>This order, Mr. Timothy, I can assure you, are not tainted with those<br />views and expectations that generally warp men from a proper attention to the<br />general good. They have experienced the sweets of freedom in this land, and<br />they will shew that they value it as highly as any other people; they are not<br />destitute of the same feelings, and they have too much generosity of soul to make<br />ungrateful returns to their fellow subjects for the favours they daily receive,<br />in their respective occupations, form the natives in particular.</em></p>
<p><em>The day is approaching when every man will be tried; it will then be seen<br />whether our class are not determined to be free. I dare, be bold to affirm, sir,<br />that hardly a man of us will be found to withhold his concurrence in whatever<br />measures the body of the inhabitants shall, on Wednesday next, think necessary<br />and expedient to be adopted, for the preservation of the just rights of every<br />American. I am, sir, your’s, &c.</em><br />A SCOTS MECHANIC.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>As we have already published all the PETITIONS from the<br />AMERICANS that have come to our hands, respecting the oppressions<br />exercised towards us by a <em>venal ministry,</em> we hope the following will not<br />be tiresome to our readers, as it contains sentiments, in our opinion, the<br />most sensible and judicious.</p>
<p>The humble PETITION of several natives of AMERICA,<br />SHEWETH,<br />THAT <em>your petitioners are constrained to complain to this right honoura-<br />able house of two bills, which, if carried into execution, will be fatal<br />to the rights, liberty, and peace, of all America.</em></p>
<p><em>Your petitioners have already seen, with equal astonishment and grief, pro-<br />ceedings adopted against them, which, in violation of the first principles of<br />justice, and of the laws of the land, inflict the severest punishments, without<br />hearing the accused.</em></p>
<p><em>Upon the same principle of injustice, a bill is now brought in, which, under<br />the profession of better regulating the government of the Massachusetts Bay, is<br />calculated to deprive a whole province, without any form of trial, of its<br />chartered rights, solemnly secured to it by mutual compact between the crown<br />and the people.</em></p>
<p><em>Your petitioners are well informed that a charter, so granted, was never<br />before altered or resumes, but upon a full and fair hearing; that, therefore,<br />the present proceeding is totally unconstitutional, and sets an example which<br />renders every charter in Great Britain and America utterly insecure.</em></p>
<p><em>The appointment and removal of the judges at the leisure of the governor,<br />with salaries payable by the crown, puts the property, liberty, and life, of<br />the subject, depending upon judicial integrity, in his power.</em></p>
<p><em>Your petitioners perceive a system of judicial tyranny deliberately at this day<br />imposed for them, which, from the bitter experience of its intolerable injuries,<br />has been abolished in this country.</em></p>
<p><em>Of the same unexampled and alarming nature is the bill, which, under the<br />title of a more impartial administration of justice in the province of Massachusetts<br />Bay, empowers the governor to withdraw offenders from justice; holding out<br />to the soldiery an exemption from legal prosecution for murder, and, in effect,<br />subjecting that colony to military execution. Your petitioners entreat this right<br />honourable house to consider what must be the consequence of sending troops, not<br />really under the controul of the civil power, and unameniable to the law, where<br />the crime is committed among a people whom they have been industriously taught,<br />by the incendiary arts of wicked men, to regard as deserving every species of<br />insult and abuse. The insults and injuries of a lawless soldiery are such as no<br />free people can long endure; and your petitioners apprehend, in the consequences<br />of this bill, the horrid outrages of military oppression, followed by the declaration<br />of civil commotions.</em></p>
<p><em>The dispensing power, which this bill intends to give to the governor, ad-<br />vanced as he is already above the law, and not liable to any impeachment<br />from the people he may oppress, must constitute him an absolute tyrant.</em></p>
<p><em>Your petitioners would be utterly unworthy of the English ancestry, which <br />is their claim and pride, if they did not feel a virtuous indignation at the re-<br />proach of dissatisfaction and rebellion, with which they have been cruelly<br />aspersed. They can with confidence say no imputation was ever less deserved.<br />They appeal to the experience of a century, in which the glory, the honour,<br />the prosperity of England have been, in their estimation, their own; in which<br />they have not only borne the burthen of provincial wars, but have shared with<br />this country in the danger and expence of every national war. Their zeal for<br />the service of the crown, and the defence of the general empire, has promoted<br />them, whenever it was requires, to vote suppliers of men and money, to the ut-<br />most exertion of their abilities. The journals of parliament will bear witness to<br />their extraordinary zeal and services during the last war; and that but a very<br />short time before it was resolved here to take from them the right of giving and<br />granting their own money.</em></p>
<p><em>If disturbances have happened in the colonies, they entreat this right honour-<br />able house to consider the causes which have produced the among a people<br />hitherto remarkable for their loyalty to the crown, and affection for this king-<br />dom. No bribery can shew, nor will human nature admit of, and instance of<br />general discontent, but from a general sense of oppression.</em></p>
<p><em>Your petitioners conceived, that when they had acquired property, under all<br />the restraints this country thought necessary to impose upon their commerce, trade,<br />and manufactures, that property was sacred and secure. The felt a very<br />material difference between being restrained in the acquisition of property, and<br />holding it when acquired under those restrictions, at the disposal of others. They<br />understand subordination in the one, and slavery in the other.</em></p>
<p><em>Your petitioners wish they could possibly perceive any difference between the<br />most abject slavery, and such entire subjection to legislature, in the constitution<br />of which they have not a single voice, nor the least influence, and in which<br />no one is present on their behalf. They regard the giving their property, by<br />their own consent alone, as the unalienable right of the subject, and the last<br />sacred bulwark of constitutional liberty. If they are wrong in this, they have<br />been misled by the love of liberty, which is their dearest birthright; by the<br />most solemn statues, and the resolves of this honourable house itself, declaratory<br />of the inherent right of the subject; by the authority of all great constitutional<br />writers, and by the uninterrupted practice of Ireland and America, who have<br />ever voted their own supplies to the crown; all which combine to prove, that<br />the property of an English subject, being a freeman, or a freeholder, cannot be<br />taken from him but by his own consent: To deprive the colonies, therefore, of<br />this right, is to reduce them to a state of villinage, leaving them nothing they<br />can call their own, nor capable of any acquisition but for the benefit of others.<br /><em></em></em></p>
<p><em>It is with infinite and inexpressable concern that your petitioners see in these<br />bills, and in the principles of them, a direct tendency to reduce their country-<br />men to the dreadful alternative of being totally enslaved, or compelled into a<br />contest the most shocking and unnatural with a parent state, which has ever<br />been the object of their veneration and their love. They entreat this right<br />honourable house to consider that the restraints, which examples of such severity<br />and injustice impose, are ever attended with the most dangerous hatred.</em></p>
<p><em>In a distress of mind, which cannot be described, your petitioners conjure this<br />right honourable house not to convert that zeal and affection, which have<br />hitherto to united every American hand and heart in the interests of England, into<br />passions the most gainful and pernicious. Most certainly they beseech this right<br />honourable house not to attempt reducing them to a state of slavery, which the<br />English principles of liberty they inherit from their mother country will render<br />worse than death; they, therefore, pray that this right honourable house will<br />not, by passing these bills, overwhelm them with affliction, and reduce their<br />countrymen to the most abject state of misery and humiliation, or drive them to<br />the last resources of despair.</em>---And your petitioners, as in duty bound,<br />will ever pray.</p>
<p><em>Of the</em> PROSPECT <em>of</em> ARTS <em>and</em> SCIENCES <em>in</em> AMERICA.<br /><em>Written near</em> 50 <em>years ago by the celebrated</em> Dr. George Berkely, <em>dean of</em><br />Derry, <em>and afterwards lord bishop of</em> Cloyne, <em>while he was in</em> America.<br />THE muse disfigured at an age and clime,<br />Barren of every glorious theme,<br />In distant lands now waits a better time,<br />Producing subjects worthy fame:<br />In happy climes, where from the genial fun,<br />And virgin earth such scenes ensue,<br />The force of art by nature seems outdone,<br />And fancied beauties by the true:<br />In happy climes, the seat of innocence,<br />Where nature guides, and virtue rules;<br />Where men shall not impose, for truth, and sense,<br />The pedantry of courts and schools<br />There shall be seen another golden age,<br />The rise of empire and of arts,<br />The good and great inspiring epic rage,<br />The wisest heads, and noblest hearts;<br />Not such as Europe breeds in her decay,<br />Such as she bred when fresh and young,<br />When heav’nly flame did animate her clay,<br />By future ages shall be sung.<br />Westward the course of empire takes its way:<br />The <em>four</em> first acts already past,<br />A <em>fifth</em>shall close the drama with the day;<br />Time’s noblest offspring is the <em>last.</em></p>
<p>BON MOTS of the present KING and a GENERAL OFFICER.<br />HIS majesty taking the air one fine morning on horseback with a <br />general who often has the hour to attend his royal master, on<br />passing by a beautiful seat in Surry, the king’s eye was attracted by the<br />delightful situation, which was heightened by the fineness of the wea-<br />ther. Pray, general, says his majesty whose rural and pleasant <em>villa</em> is<br />that? The general feeling the extreme good humour and condescension<br />of the kind, replied, without hesitation, “Sire, it is the seat of a very<br />great, and, indeed of a very extraordinary personage.” His majesty,<br />little imagining what he was going to say, and thinking the officer had<br />something singular to discover, hastily commanded him to tell who that<br />extraordinary personage was: “It is, please your majesty, no less a man<br />than the maker of <em>kings</em> and <em>knaves.”</em> The latter part indicating some-<br />thing not very respectful, the general finding it gave some disgust, added,<br />”Sire, though like death he mixes kings and knaves without distinction,<br />and though he deals largely in <em>knaves,</em> yet he is so good a man as to galn<br />many hearts, and even more queens.” By this time his majesty per-<br />ceiving that the villa belonged to a <em>cardmaker,</em> the king’s good humour<br />returned, and his majesty very pleasantly told the general, “that the<br />man played his <em>cards</em> well, for it seems they had all turned up <em>turmps!”<em></em></em></p>
</div>
<h5>Page 3</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>CAUTIONS <em>against the</em>the SEDUCTIONS <em>of</em> PLEASURE.<br /><em>From lord</em> Chesterfield’s <em>letters to his son.</em><br />PLEASURE (says his lordship) is the rock which<br />most young people split upon; they launch out with<br />crouded sails in quest of it, but without a compass to<br />direct their course, or reason sufficient to steer the vessel;<br />for want of which, pain and shame, instead of pleasure,<br />are the returns of their voyage. Do not think that I<br />mean to snarl at pleasure, like a stoic, or to preach against<br />it like a parson; no, I mean to point it out, and recom-<br />mend it to you, like an epicurean: I wish you a great<br />deal; and my only view is to hinder you from mistaking<br />it.</p>
<p>The character which most young men first aim at is<br />that of a man of pleasure; but they generally take it<br />upon truth, and instead of consulting their own taste and<br />inclinations, they blindly adopt whatever those, with<br />whom they chiefly converse, are pleased to call by the<br />name of pleasure; and a <em>man of pleasure,</em> in the vulgar<br />acceptation of that phrase, means only a beastly drunk-<br />ard, an abandoned whoremaster, and a profligate swearer<br />and curser. As it may be of use to you, I am not un-<br />willing, though at the same time ashamed, to won, that<br />the vices of my youth proceeded much more from my<br />silly resolution of being what I heard called a man of<br />pleasure, than from my own inclinations. I always<br />naturally hated drinking; and yet I have often drank,<br />with disgust at the time, attended by great sickness the<br />next day, only because I then thought drinking as a ne-<br />cessary qualification for a fine gentleman, and a man of<br />pleasure.</p>
<p>The same as to gaming: I did not want money, and<br />consequently had no occasion to play for it; but I<br />thought play another necessary ingredient in the compo-<br />sition of a man of pleasure, and accordingly I plunged<br />into it without desire, at first; sacrificed a thousand real<br />pleasures to it, and made myself solidly uneasy by it, for<br />thirty the best years of my life.</p>
<p>I was absurd enough, for a little while, to swear, by<br />way of adorning and compleating the shining character<br />which I affected; but this folly I soon laid aside, upon<br />finding both the guilt and the indecency of it.</p>
<p>Thus seduced by fashion, and blindly adopting nomi-<br />nal pleasures, I lost real ones; and my fortune impaired,<br />and my constitution shattered, are, I must confess, the<br />just punishment of my errors.</p>
<p>Take warning then by them; chuse your pleasures for<br />yourself, and do not let them be imposed upon you.<br />Follow nature, and not fashion; weigh the present en-<br />joyment of your pleasures against the necessary conse-<br />quences of them, and then let your own common sense<br />determine your choice.</p>
<p>Were I to begin the world again, with the experience<br />which I now have of it, I would lead a life of real, not<br />of imaginary pleasure. I would enjoy the pleasures of<br />the table, and of wine; but stop short of the pains in-<br />separably annexed to an excess in either. I would not<br />at twenty years be a preaching missionary of abstemi-<br />ousness and sobriety, and I should let other people do as<br />they would, without formally and sententiously rebuking<br />them for it; but I would be most firmly resolved not to<br />destroy my own faculties and constitution, in complai-<br />sance to those who have not regard to their own. I would<br />play to give me pleasure, but not to give me pain; that<br />is, I would play for trifles, in mixed companies, to<br />amuse myself, and conform to custom; but I would take<br />care not to venture for sums, which, if I won, I should<br />not be the better for; but, If I lost, should be under a<br />difficulty to pay, and, when paid, would oblige me to<br />retrench in several other articles. Not to mention the<br />quarrels which deep play commonly occasions.</p>
<p>I would pass some of my time in reading, and the rest<br />in the company of people of sense and learning, and<br />chiefly those above me; and I would frequent the mixed<br />companies of men and women of fashion, which, though<br />often frivolous, yet they unbend and refresh the mind,<br />not uselessly, because they certainly polish and soften the<br />manners.</p>
<p>.</p>
<p>These would be my pleasures and amusements, if I<br />were to live the last thirty years over again; they are<br />rational, and moreover, I will tell you, they are really <br />the fashionable ones; for the others are not, in truth, the<br />pleasures of what I call people of fashion, but of those<br />who only call themselves so. Do good company care<br />to have a man reeling drunk among them, or to see<br />another tearing his hair, and blaspheming, for having<br />lost at play more than he is able to pay, or a whore-<br />master, with half a nose, and crippled by coarse and in-<br />famous debauchery? No; those who practice, and much<br />more those who brag of them, make no part of good<br />company, and are most unwillingly, if ever, admitted<br />into it.</p>
<p>A real man of fashion and pleasure observes decency;<br />at least, neither borrows nor affects vices; and if he un-<br />fortunately has any, he gratifies them with choice, deli<br />cacy, and secrecy.</p>
<p>I have not mentioned the pleasures of the mind (which<br />are the solid and permanent ones_ because they do not<br />come under the hear of what people commonly call<br />pleasures; which the seem to confine to the senses. The<br />pleasures of virtue, of charity, and of learning, is true<br />and lasting pleasure, which I hope you will be well and<br />long acquainted with. Adieu.</p>
<p>BOSTON, AUGUST 1.<br />More than sixty days have expired since Boston, by<br />a late edict of the British parliament, has been<br />besieged by a British fleet and army, and its trade anni-<br />hilated. The inhabitants now receive that insult and<br />damage which was never experienced in the hottest wars<br />we have been engaged in with France, Spain, and their<br />allies, the savages of the American woods. The parti<br />culars of the siege, and the manoeuvers of our enemies,<br />may in future be told by some able historian. Suffice it<br />at present to inform the world, that though wood and<br />provisions have been allowed to us by said port act, the<br />introduction of these articles has been attended with such<br />loss of time, and unnecessary charges, as greatly to raise<br />the price of fuel upon the poor inhabitants. No wood<br />can now be brought form the rivers and bays included in<br />our harbour, upon which we depended for a considerable<br />part of our supply; no goods of any kind are suffered to</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>be waterborne within a circle of 60 miles; no timber,<br />boards, shingles, brick, lime, sand, &c. are to be<br />transported from one wharf to another; and so even the<br />tradesmen, not immediately dependent upon shipping,<br />are thrown out of business; no barrels of liquors, bread,<br />flour, &c. are suffered to be brought a few rods in our row<br />boats, or across our shortest ferried; and even the vessels<br />on the stocks, which have for some time past been ready<br />for launching, cannot be put into the water, without<br />their being exposed to a threatened seizure; neither is<br />the dried table fish and oil, the charity of our Marble-<br />head friends, nor rice, the generous presents of the Caro-<br />linians, nor even house sand, to be brought us by water,<br />but must be encumbered with the great charge of land<br />carriage of about 30 miles; we are also cut off from the<br />advantage and profit of supplying, as usual, an extent of<br />sea coast on the north and south of more than 100 leagues,<br />even with British merchandize; and when any of these<br />hardships and distresses are mentioned to those insolents<br />in office, the commissioners, and their understrappers, we<br />are told it was the design of the act, and it is not their<br />intent to lessen these difficulties. This is the treatment<br />meted out by a British minister to a town and province,<br />by whose exertions in a late war, the strong fortress of<br />Louisburg was taken, which purchased the peace of<br />Europe, and delivered Britons from their terrible ap-<br />prehensions of an invasion by French flat bottomed boats.<br />What further cruelties we are to suffer we know not; but<br />whether America, or even this single town, is in this way<br />to be brought to the feet of lord North, with the full<br />surrender of their inestimable rights and liberties, time<br />only can determine.</p>
<p>Mrs. Rind,<br /><em>If you are open to all parties, and</em> influenced <em>by none,<br />by inferring the following lines you will greatly oblige</em><br /><em>A</em> SINCERE FRIEND.<br />THE man, what’er be his pretence,<br />Who obviates justice, forfeits sense,<br />If he’s secure from goal, no matter,<br />Tho’ every schoolman makes a clatter,<br />’Tis all his patriotic view,<br />From others to withhold their due;<br />No wonder then he censure those<br />Who wou’d his fraudful schemes oppose;<br />Of him let every sex beware,<br />Nor let him be one lady’s care;<br />Let MIDDLESEX his hate despise,<br />For to be just is to be wise.</p>
<p>MANY of our readers may probably be pleased with the following<br />little PRODUCTION, which was made public some years ago, in<br />in<br />honour of that worthy and much admired FRATERNITY, the FREE<br />MASONS, and therefore may not think it amiss to see if revived:----A<br />young gentleman was in company with some ladies, when, among other<br />subjects of conversation, FREE MASONRY offered itself. The<br />ladies were witty upon its mysteriousness, but particularly upon their being<br />excluded from the society, and desired the gentleman to let them know<br />what could be the use or intention of so strange an association. He<br />promised to give them a full account of the institution, if they would<br />permit him to wait upon them the next day; they consented, and agreeable<br />to his promise, he presented them the following VERSES:<br /><em>On</em> FREE MASONRY.<br />OUR order, ancient as the world’s first date,<br />Sacred as virtue, and as fix’d as fate,<br />To ALL and equal LIBERTY impart,<br />The soul improves, and rectifies the heart;<br />BENEVOLENCE with CHARITY combines,<br />And, fix’d in FRIENDSHIP, and in VIRTUE shines.</p>
<p>In FREEDOM equal, we all pride disclaim,<br />And hail each other with a BROTHER’S NAME;<br />Here mirth by strictest decency is rul’d,<br />And servent youth by aged precepts cool’d.<br />Nor vice nor riot can have entrance here,<br />Nor words that may offend a virtuous ear.</p>
<p>In this a true FREE MASON you will know,<br />A friend to virtue, and to vice a foe;<br />True to his prince, obedient to the laws,<br />But ever firm to die in FREEDOM’s cause.<br />With honest zeal he spurns each private end,<br />A constant LOVER, and a faithful FRIEND.</p>
<p>Nor you, YE FAIR! impute to us disgrace,<br />That we exclude ye from this sacred PLACE;<br />Full well we know the tenderness we bear,<br />For what creation boasts MOST WINNING FAIR;<br />From whence of old the <em>interdiction</em> sprung,<br />Which ALL hath suffer’d for the fault of ONE.</p>
<p>Th’ advice of EVE, and her delusive grace,<br />From bliss and freedom drove her wretched RACE;<br />The fault lamented, and the evil felt,<br />Long on the minds of our forefathers dwelt:<br />Hence <em>female councils</em> they excluded leave,<br />And in her DAUGHTERS fear another EVE.</p>
<p>Firm in this RULE the fix’d FOUNDATION lies,<br />And time, and change, and calumny, defies;<br />Hence unreveal’d our MYSTERIES remain,<br />Nor sins original, our craft defame.<br />Of every age the envy, pride and fame;<br />Monarchs have boasted a FREE MASON’S NAME!</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG.<br />EXTRACT <em>of a</em> LETTER <em>from</em> LIVERPOOL <em>to his</em> CORRESPONDENT <em>in</em><br />VIRGINIA.<br />THE minister, without intending it, is about doing your coun-<br />try most essential service, by entreating your numbers, and<br />furnishing your people with the knowledge of military discipline. This<br />seems obvious to a person who considers that the generous nature of an<br />English soldier will not allow him to fight against his innocent country-<br />men, who are contending only for their liberty and just rights; and I<br />am sure that all <em>soldiers,</em> who quit the arbitrary service they are in, and<br />the bad business of oppressing their friends and countrymen, will be re-<br />ceived with open arms in your country, protected, and encouraged, with<br />good living, and an opportunity of fixing on good lands, where they may<br />live easily and happily.</p>
<p>Wednesday evening last an express arrived in this city, who reports<br />that many families have very lately been barbarously murdered on the<br />frontiers of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and that his excellency lord<br />DUNMORE is endeavoring all in his power to repel those hostile and in-<br />human savages. Colonel Preston, and colonel Lewis, it seems, have<br />raised a thousand men each; and it is reported also that a like number<br />have enlisted under his lordship’s banner, he, as well as them, being<br />greatly exasperated at the late cruel and intolerable treatment of the<br />Indians towards the white people residing at or near the back parts of<br />this colony.</p>
<p>On the 10th instant dies, the reverend JAMES WISHART, rector of<br />Brunswick parish, in King George county.</p>
<p>MANCHESTER, <em>August</em> 18, 1774.<br />Yesterday, in this town, came on trial of Lord N___h, before a<br />court of the sons of liberty, on suspicion of his having betrayed his trust,<br />and endeavored to enslave his majesty’s subjects in America: After an<br />impartial trial, he was unanimously condemned, and sentenced to ride on<br />an ass through the streets, led by a deformed African, whose body was<br />tarred and feathered, and his face painted, and from thence to the gal-<br />lows, there to be hanged and burnt, which was accordingly done. In<br />his last and dying speech he confessed the justness of his suffering, and<br />predicted that it would not be long before some of his most intimate ac-<br />quaintance, and principle admirers, who had been instrumental towards<br />hjis suffering, would share the same fate. The penitent appearance of<br />this noble lord excited compassion in the minds of some of the spectators;</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>but reflecting on the cause of his suffering, joined in the acclamation of<br />the people, and with one voice cried, “Away with him! Away with<br />this destroyer of the rights and privileges of his majesty’s good subjects in<br />America, and let him suffer according to demerit!”</p>
<p>NORFOLK, <em>August</em> 22, 1774. In consequence of letters from the<br />committees of correspondence for St. Mary’s and Charles counties in<br />Maryland, and from the burgesses of Elizabeth City county in this co-<br />lony, with information of the arrival of nine chests of TEA on board<br />the brigantine Mary and Jane, captain Chapman, consigned to some<br />gentlemen of this town, a meeting of the inhabitants was requested, and<br />accordingly held, at the courthouse this day, when it was</p>
<p>UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED, that the <em>teas</em> now on board the brig-<br />antine Mary and Jane, and consigned to Neil Jamieson and company,<br />George and John Bowness, and John Lawrence and company, being<br />subject to the payment of duties imposed by an act of the British parlia-<br />ment, ought to be sent back, and not suffered to be landed; and there-<br />fore.</p>
<p>ORDERED, that captain Abyvon, Mr. Boush, captain Loyall, Mr.<br />Richard Taylor, and captain Selden, be a committee to wait upon those<br />gentlemen, to know whether they will comply with the above resolu-<br />tion; and that they report their several answers.</p>
<p>The committee accordingly waited on those gentlemen, and made the<br />following return, in writing:<br />”GENTLEMEN,<br />”WE your committee, agreeable to your resolve, have waited on the<br />”within mentioned Neil Jamieson and company, George and John<br />”Bowness, and John Lawrence and company, owners of the tea now on<br />”board the brigantine Mary and Jane, and acquainted them with your<br />”resolution, who severally and respectively answered, that they were<br />”willing that the tea should be sent back. Certified under our hands<br />”this 22d day of August 1774.<br />GEORGE ABYVON,<br />SAMUEL BOUSH,<br />PAUL LOYALL,<br />RICHARD TAYLOR,<br />JOHN SELDEN.:<br />WHICH RETRN BEING READ AND HEARD, IT WAS<br /><em>Unanimously voted,</em> that the above committee wait upon those gentle-<br />men, owners of the tea, with the thanks of this meeting, for their<br />ready and cheerful acquieseence in the above resolution.<br />WILLIAM DAVIES, clerk.</p>
<p>JAMES HALDANE,<br />COPPERSMITH and BRASSFOUNDER,<br /><em>in</em> CHURCH STREET, <em>near the</em> CHURCH, NORFOLK,<br />CONTINUES TO CARRY ON HIS BUSINESS AS USUAL,<br />MAKES and sells all sorts of COPPER WORK, viz. stills,<br />brewing coppers, sugar boilers, fullers and hatters coppeas, brass<br />millwork, capuchin plate warmers, tea kitchens, all sorts of ship, fish,<br />and wash kettles, stew pans, <em>Dutch</em> ovens, tea kettles, sauce pans, coffee<br />and chocolate pots, &c. at the most reasonable rates. he gives the best<br />prices for old copper, brass, pewter, or lead.</p>
<p>Those who are so obliging, as to favour me with their employ in<br />the mending or tinning old work, may depend on having them soon<br />done, and in the neatest and compleatest manner.</p>
<p>FAUQUIER, <em>August</em> 16, 1774.<br />RUN away on the 3d of this instant (<em>August</em>) from my quarter, on<br /><em>Carter’s Run,</em> a negro wench named WINNEY; she is about<br />eighteen or twenty years of age, 5 feet 3 or 4 inches high, of a yellowish<br />complexion had on when she went away an oznabrig shift, petticoat, and<br />jacket; she also took with her a white dowlas jacket and petticoat, and<br />a great variety of other clothes. She being an artful, subtle wench, I<br />imagine will frequently change her dress. I do not recollect any parti-<br />ular mark she has in her face, though I am told there is a lump upon<br />the back of her neck, occasioned by the cut of a switch. About three<br />years ago she made an elopement, and got into <em>Maryland,</em>, near <em>Port<br />Tobacco</em> where she passed several months for a free woman, and went by<br />the name of <em>Winney Redman.</em> Whoever will take up the said wench, and<br />deliver her to me, in <em>Fauquier</em> county, near the courthouse, or to my<br />overseer, on <em>Carter’s Run,</em> in the said county, shall receive TWENTY<br />SHILLINGS reward, if taken up in the said county, if in the adjacent<br />counties FORTY SHILLINGS, if out of the colony FIVE POUNDS,<br />besides what the law allows, and all reasonable charges paid.<br />3 JAMES SCOTT, junior.</p>
<p>FREDERICKSBURG, <em>August</em> 9, 1774.<br />A PERSON of the name of <em>WILLIAM FOSTER CROSBY</em> having procured a<br />recommendation to me, I lent him, the 19th of last month, my<br />SINGLE CHAIR and a MARE to visit captain <em>John Lee,</em> on <em>Rappa-<br />hannock,</em>to whom he said he was recommended, to return in four days<br />at the most; but not hearing of him since, except that he had mistaken<br />his way, and to to <em>Richmond</em>, on <em>James</em>river, and colonel <em>William<br />Fleming’s</em> in <em>Cumberland</em> county, I am obliged to take this method of<br />recommending him to all honest men, as a profound knave. Such a<br />flagrant act of injustice, accompanied with such ingratitude to me, will<br />no doubt engage every gentleman to endeavour to strip him of the price<br />of his villainy: But I will gladly pay FORTY SHILLINGS to have my<br />mare and chair detained till I can send for them, or FIVE POUNDS to<br />be delivered here. As the knave is young, I <em>had rather he should turn<br />from his wickedness and live!</em></p>
<p>He is about twenty, of slim and genteel make, and fair complexion,<br />rather pale and foul skin, black hair, very long, and clubbed like<br />a <em>macaroni!</em> He is exceeding vain, boasts much of his learning, particu-<br />larly of geography, and professes teaching the classics, music, dancing,<br />and fencing; he grins much when he laughs, which he often does at his<br />own wit. His dress was shabby; I believe, one only coat, formerly a<br />pale blue, or sea green, the cuffs of which have been lately let down,<br />and the original colour makes a remarkable ring round his arm. He<br />passed on my friend, as from <em>New England,</em> and said he intended to visit<br /><em>Virginia</em>, in his way to <em>Charlestown, South Carolina,</em> in ooder from <em>New<br />England</em> to see the country , expecting here some supplies he had ordered<br />from <em>New England.</em></p>
<p>I cannot recollect whether the mare has any brand or flesh marks; she<br />is about 14 hands and a half high, half clouded, well made, rather round,<br />a chesnut bay, with a full long bob tail, and hog mane, very small feet,<br />and shod before, trots very nimbly, and remarkably low. The carriage<br />of the chair is new, the springs and axletree are iron, the body is<br />painted green, with the initials of my name on the back, in a double<br />cypher, in blue letters, in a gilt ground; it has been new lined, and has<br />now a carpet bottom; but I suspect he will quit of the chair for a saddle.</p>
<p>He borrowed a SILVER WATCH, quite new, made by <em>THOMAS<br />WALKER,</em> of <em>Fredericksburg,</em> who will, I presume, give something to re-<br />cover it. tf JAMES MERCER.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>the first day of</em> November <em>next.</em><br />SUNDRY HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE. Six<br />months credit will be allowed for all sums above 5l. on giving a<br />conditional bond, to carry interest from the date, if not punctually paid.<br />Five <em>per cent.</em> discount for ready money will be agreed to. At the same<br />time will be offered for sale, the LOTS and HOUSES whereon I live,<br />conveniently situated in <em>Fredericksburg,</em> for either store, tavern, or private<br />family, and are as valuable as any lots and houses in the town of the same<br />size. Also two lots, well enclosed with a stable 50 by 60 feet; and two<br />lots, near the courthouse, enclosed with a dwellinghouse unfinished, 50<br />feet square, the finest situation in the town, and commands a fine view<br />of both town and country. Likewise 15 acres of meadow ground, near<br />the town, and under a good fence. Also 391 acres of land, near the<br />center of this county, on 328 of which is a lease for six years, at a good<br />rent; and 100 acres of land on <em>East North East Bridge:</em> For all, or<br />either of which, may be had great bargains, both in price, and time of<br />payment; or, in case the purchasers chuse it, and will give a price agree-<br />able, they many em>never pay, upon paying the interest annually; for which<br />the lands will be taken in part, as security. In case I do not sell, I<br />would willingly rent on reasonable terms, for a year, or term of years.<br />3 BENJAMIN JOHNSTON.</p>
<p>WE will dispose of the LOTS and IMPOVEMENTS in <em>Frede-<br />ricksburg,</em> where the BREWERY now stands; there are three<br />lots and a hald. On the lot and a half, which are situate on the river,<br />are the brewhouse, malthouse, comptinghouse, cooper’s shop, &c. all<br />new, and in good order for carrying on the brewing business. We would<br />also sell the implements and stock belonging to the brewery. The other<br />lots are contiguous, and paled in, having thereon a small dwellinghouse,<br />and stable with stalls for eight horses. The terms may be known by<br />applying to <em>William Woodford.</em><br />(2) JONES & WOODFORD.</p>
<p>WHEREAS I have lately purchased a tract of LAND, formerly<br />the property of <em>Anthony Strother,</em> merchant, deceased, lying in<br /><em>Culpepper</em> county, on the <em>Robsinson Fork,</em> and sold by him to colonel <em>Philip</em><br />Rootes, of <em>King & Queen,</em> but I am informed it was conveyed by the<br />honourable <em>John Tayloe,</em> esquire, to Mr. <em>Roger Dixon,</em> deceased, any<br />person who has any right in the said tract of land are desired to make it<br />known immediately.<br />(3) CHRISTOPHER DICKON.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>KING WILLIAM, <em>August</em> 10, 1774.<br />INTEND TO ENGLAND IMMEDIATELY<br />(3) JOHN HURT.</p>
<p>THREE POUNDS REWARD.<br />RUN away from the subscriber, on <em>Herring Bay,</em> in <em>Anne Arundel</em><br />county, <em>Maryland,</em> an indented servant man named HENRY<br />REED, who professes the coachmaker’s business, is about 22 years old,<br />5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, well made, full face, dark hair, little or no<br />beard, and very talkative; had on, and took with him, a white negro<br />cotton jacket and waistcoat, trowsers of ditto, half worn, 2 oznabrig<br />shirts, coarse shoes, old hat, and a check handkerchief; but probably he<br />may change his dress, as he went away with one <em>JOHN WHITE,</em> an indented<br />servant. I understand they stopped at a plantation belonging to the earl<br />of <br />Dunmore, in <em>Berkeley</em> county, <em>Virginia.</em> Whoever secures the said<br />servant, so that I get him again, shall be entitled to the above reward.<br />I imagine he has got in some coachmaker’s shop in <em>Virginia. All masters<br />of vessels are forewarned from taking him on board their vessels.<br />3 ISAAC SIMMONS.</em></p>
<p>PURSUANT to an order of <em>Amherst</em> court, will be let, to the lowest<br />bidder, at the courthouse of the said county, on the first <em>Monday</em><br />in <em>November</em> next, being court day, the building of a PRISON, 37 by<br />22, the walls of which to be of brick and timber, 3 feet thick, to be<br />9 feet pitch in the clear, and to have a brick rood; a plan of which will<br />be shewn, and a more particular description given, on the day. Bond<br />and approved security will be required of the undertaker for his perform-<br />ance of the same. WILLIAM CABELL,<br />COR THOMAS,<br />(3) AMBROSE RUCKER.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, <em>July</em> 30, 1774.<br />WANTED, for <em>Elizabeth River</em> parish, a CLERK. As the<br />emoluments arising from the said parish are very considerable,<br />none need apply, unless he produces a recommendation of his good cha-<br />racter, who can read tolerably, and perform psalmody well.<br />(3) THOMAS DAVIS, MINISTER.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Sussex,</em>a bay mare about 4 or 5 inches high,<br />branded on the near buttock I, docked, has some white strokes on<br />both her fore legs, is a natural pacer, and is about 15 years old. Posted,<br />and appraised to 4l. PETER JONES.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Louisa,</em> a grey mare, about 4 feet 7 inches and a half<br />high, docked, but not branded, has been hurt by a saddle on each<br />side her back, had on a bell, fixed on with a brass buckle, and appears to<br />be about 4 or 5 years old. Posted, and appraised to 12l.<br />() SARAH GIBSON.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Hanover,</em> a black horse, 4 feet 8 inches high, and<br />branded on the near buttock T. Posted, and appraised to 10l.<br />() JOHN T. BICKERTON.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Culpepper,</em> a roan mare, about 4 feet 1 inch high, and<br />about 6 years old, branded on the near shoulder ɔ, part of one of her<br />hind feet white, has some white hairs in her forehead, much scarred on<br />her back, and is a natural pacer. Posted, and appraised to 1l. 15s.<br />() JOHN SWINDELL.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Spotsylvania,</em> an iron grey horse, with a light mane<br />and tail, the mane half ridged, about 4 feet 6 or 7 inches high,<br />branded MP, in a piece, on the near buttock, shoulder, jaw, and<br />on the off buttock C; he is about 9 years old. Posted, and appraised to<br />10l. () THOMAS ALLEN.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>King William,</em> near <em>Aylett’s</em> warehouse, a small grey<br />mare, about 4 feet high, sprig tail, and hanging mane, half of which<br />has been cut, and branded on the near buttock something like an<br />anchor. Posted, appraised to 3l.<br />() WILLIAM COWNE, junior.</p>
TAKEN up, in <em>Goochland,</em> on <em>Tuckahoe</em> creek, a bay horse, about 15<br />years old, 4 feet 5 inches high, has some saddle spots, a film over<br />his right eye, with a small bell on, hanging mane, and switch tail; he<br />is branded on the near buttock A. Posted, and appraised to 4l. 10s.<br />() GIDEON HATCHER.
<p>NEW YORK, <em>July</em> 27, 1774.<br />FIFTY POUNDS REWARD.<br />WHEREAS on the 19th of <em>June</em> last past a certain JOSEPH<br />THORP was entrusted with a considerable sum in half jo-<br />hannes, of nine penny weight, to be delivered by him at <em>Quebec,</em> and as<br />he has not yet made his appearance there, with other suspicious circum-<br />stances, it is apprehended he is gone off with the money. He is a native<br />of <em>England,</em> about 6 feet high, swarthy complexion, very dark, keen<br />eyes, and pitted with the small pox, of a slender make, stoops as he walks,<br />talks rather slow, and has some small impediment in his speech. He<br />lived some time in <em>Boston,</em> from whence he removed to <em>Quebec,</em> assuming<br />the character of a merchant in both places; he was also once in trade<br />in <em>Newcastle, Virginia,</em> and has a brother settled there. It is believed<br />he went on board captain <em>John F. Pruym,</em> for <em>Albany,</em> and took with<br />him a blue casimir, and a dark brown cloth suit of clothes. Whoever se-<br />cures the said <em>Joseph Thorp</em> in any of is majesty’s gaols on this continent<br />shall be entitled to ten <em>per cent.</em> on the sum recovered, and the above<br />reward of 50l. when convicted. Apply to <em>Curson</em> and <Seton of <em>New York,<br />Joseph Wharton,</em> junior, of <em>Philadelphia, Robert Christie</em> of <em>Batimore,<br />James Gibson</em> and company of <em>Virginia, John Bondfield</em> of <em>Quebec, Me-<br />latiah Bourne,</em> or <em>John Rowe,</em> of <em>Boston.</em> It is requested of those who<br />may have seen this <em>Joseph Thorp</em> since the 19th of <em>June</em> last, or<br />know any thing of the rout he has taken, that they convey the most<br />early intelligence thereof to any of the above persons, or <em>Greenwood, Rit-<br />son,</em> and <em>March,</em> in <em>Norfolk,</em> or to Mr. <em>Robert Pleasants</em> and company, at<br /><em>Four Mile</em> creek, <em>Henrico</em> county; the favour will be gratefully acknow-<br />ledged. All matters of vessels are forewarned from taking him off the<br />continent.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />A TRACT of LAND, containing upwards of 3000 acres, in the<br />county of <em>Richmond,</em> upon <em>Rappahannock</em> river, opposite to the seat<br />of <em>Robert Beverly,</em> esquire, extending more than 2 miles upon the river;<br />the land is extremely well timbered, a great part of it lies well, and is<br />equal to any in that part of the country. There are also, beside the<br />quantity of dry land above mentioned, between 4 and 500 acres of valua<br />ble marsh, which may easily be reclaimed; a large water course running<br />through the greatest part of the tract affords a considerable quantity of<br />rich, valuable meadow land, and a good mill seat, There are also several<br />delightful situations for a gentleman’s seat, commanding extensive prof-<br />spects up and down the river, where the greatest plenty of fish and fowl<br />are to be had. A part of the tract is in possession of several tenants at<br />will, some of whom pay from 20l to 25l. annual rent for 100 acres. It<br />will be sold (and may be entered upon next Christmas) either together,<br />or in parcels, by private bargaining, at any time before the 10th of <em>October,</em><br />and if not disposed of before that time (of which notice shall be published<br />in this gazette) it will then be offered for public sale, upon the premises,<br />on the 3d <em>Monday</em> in <em>November.</em> Twelve or 13 months credit will be<br />allowed, upon giving bond, with good security; to bear interest from the<br />25th of <em>December,</em> if the purchase money is not paid agreeable to the<br />contract. The terms will be made known to those who incline to pur-<br />chase privately, and the lands shewn, if required, and an undoubted title<br />made, by the subscriber, living in <em>Westmoreland</em> county.<br />10|| c 1- <em>oct.</em> WILLIAM BERNARD.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>by the printer hereof,</em><br />A pew copies of QUINCY’s OBSERVATIONS ON THE BOSTON<br />PORT BILL, SERMONS to ASSES, and the HISTORY of<br />JULIET GRANVILLE, by the celebrated Mr. Brooke.</p>
<p>A GENERAL MEETING of the subscribers for opening a naviga-<br />tion through the falls of <em>James</em> river is desired, at the house of<br />Mr. <em>James Gunn,</em> in the town of <em>Richmond,</em> on <em>Monday</em> the 5th day of<br /><em>September</em> next.<br />ARCHIBALD CARY, JOHN WOODSON,<br />Ro. C. NICOLAS, JOHN TABB,<br />WILLIAM CABELL, WILLIAM FLEMING,<br />JOHN BANISTER, JOHN MAYO,<br />RICHARD ADAMS, CARTER BRAXTON<br />JOSEPH CABELL, <em>August</em> 7, 1774. 3</p>
<p>STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber in <em>Fredericksburg,</em> a likely<br />sorrel mare, about 14 hands high, branded T, with a small a blze in<br />her face, her shoulder has been galled by working, but is now well, has<br />some saddle spots, paces, trots, and gallops. Any person that will bring<br />her to me, in <em>Fredericksburg,</em> shall receive THREE DOLLARS.<br />3 JACOB WHITLER.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Halifax</em> county, about 5 miles above <em>Booker’s</em> ferry,<br />near <em>Staunton</em> river, a bay mare, about 4 feet 1 inch and a half high,<br />with a good bell on, branded on the near shoulder TD, and on the near<br />buttock ROSE, about 7 years old, and crestfallen. Posted, and ap-<br />praised to 4l. 10s. JAMES BATES.</p>
<p>THE subscriber intends to leave <em>Petersburg</em> about the 1st of <em>September,</em><br />and as he has several WATCHES belonging to different people in<br />his custody, will be much obliged to the proprietors to call fo them as<br />soon as possible, otherwise I propose taking them away with me.<br />(3) WILLIAM BATHGATE.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>DUMFRIES, <em>July</em> 28, 1774.<br />THE DUMFRIES JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of 100 GUINEAS<br />is to be run for on <em>Tuesday</em> the 15th of <em>November</em> next, which is<br />fixed on for the 1st day of the <em>Dumfries</em>races for this year. No person<br />will be allowed to start a horse, mare, or gelding, for this purse, but an<br />actual member of the club. There will be a SUBSCRIPTION<br />PURSE run for the second day, and another the third day, of the<br />races. The particulars with regard to them will be advertised hereafter.<br />A premium of five GUINEAS will be given to the person or persons<br />that brings the largest and fattest bullock to this market the <em>Saturday</em><br />before the races; a premium of three GUINEAS to the person or per-<br />sons that brings the six largest and fattest muttons; and a premium to<br />the person or persons that brings the two largest and fattest veals.<br />4 RICHARD GRARAM, SECRETARY.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>to the highest bidder,at</em> WESTBURY, <em>the seat of the late<br />colonel</em> Littlebury Cocke, <em>in</em> Charles City, <em>on</em> Charles City, <em>on</em> Thursday, <em>the 25th of</em><br />August <em>next, if fair, if not the next fair day,</em><br />TEN likely <em>Virginia</em> born SLAVES, consisting of men, women, and<br />children, one of which is a very good HOUSECARPENTER;<br />also stocks of cattle, horses, hogs, and sheep, and sundry household and<br />kitchen furniture, belonging to the estate of the said <em>Littlebury Cocke.</em><br />One or two of the slaves will be sold for ready money, and six months<br />credit allowed for the remainder, on giving bond, with approved security,<br />to carry interest from the date, if not punctually paid. All persons have-<br />ing demands against the said estate are desired to attend the sale with their<br />several claims, properly authenticated.<br />WILLIAM EDLOE,<br />tdf WILLIAM GREEN MUNFORD.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, in <em>Amherst,</em> the 10th of <em>July,</em> a<br />mulatto woman slave named SALL, though commonly goes by the<br />name of SALLY GREY; she is of the middle size, well shaped, <em>Vir-<br />ginia</em>born, about 25 years old, and had on a brown jacket and pet-<br />ticoat; I cannot learn that she carried any other clothes with her. She<br />is of a numerous family of mulattoes, and formerly belonged to a gen-<br />tleman of the name of <em>Howard,</em> in <em>York</em> county, from whence I pur-<br />chased her a few years ago, and where probably she may attempt to go<br />again, or perhaps into <em>Cumberland</em> or <Amelia, where, I am informed,<br />many of her kindred live. I shall esteem it as a particular favour of those<br />gentlemen who have of her relations in their possession to have her ap-<br />apprehended, should she be lurking about their plantations; and I will give<br />a handsome reward, besides what the law allows, to any person who shall<br />deliver her to me. 6 GABRIEL PENN.</p>
<p>TO BE SOLD,<br />THE noted and well accustomed TAVERN, at present occupied by<br />the subscriber, lying in <em>James City</em> county, about 15 miles from<br /><em>Williamsburg,</em> on the main road leading to <em>New Kent<em> courthouse and<br /><em>Ruffin’s</em> ferry, with 500 acres of LAND in good order for cropping, and<br />6 fields under good fence. The terms of payment will be made easy by <br />the subscriber. THOMAS DONCASTLE.</em></em></p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land, lying<br />on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa, with<br />three plantations thereon, two of which has sufficient<br />houses for overseers and negroes; the other is improved<br />with all necessary buildings, and orchards of all kinds,<br />fit for the reception of a gentleman, the houses being<br />finished in the best manner. This tract is well timbered<br />and watered, lies within 32 miles of Fredericksburg, and<br />43 of Page’s warehouse; there are at least 400 acres of<br />low grounds, of the best soil, 300 of which are now to<br />cut. The three plantations are under good fences, and<br />in good order to work 12 or 15 hands. Robert Flem-<br />ing, John Massey, and John Lain, are now in possession<br />of the plantations, who will shew the land to any person<br />inclinable to purchase, and Major Thomas Johnson will<br />agree with them for the price. The above tract is esteem-<br />ed the most valuable in Louisa for growing corn, wheat,<br />or tobacco, and situation in the bst range for stock of any<br />below the great mountains. (tf 1*)</p>
<p>RUN away, from Neabsco furnace, the 16th of<br />March, a light coloured mulatto man named<br />BILLY, or WILL, the property of the honourable<br />John Tayloe, esquire. When I tell the public that he<br />is the same boy who for many years used to wait on me,<br />in my travels through this and the neighboring pro-<br />vince, and by his pertness, or rather impudence, was<br />well known to all my acquaintances, there is the less<br />occasion for a particular description of him. However,<br />as he is now grown to the size of a man, and had not at-<br />tended me for some time past, I think it is not amiss to say<br />that he is a very likely young fellow, about 20 years<br />old, 5 feet 9 inches high, stout an strong made, has a<br />remarkable swing in his walk, but is much more so by a <br />surprising knack he has of gaining the good graces of<br />almost every body who will listen to his bewitching and<br />deceitful tongue, which seldom or ever speaks the truth.<br />He has a small scar on the right side of his forehead, and<br />the little finger of his right hand is quite straight by a<br />hurt he got when a child. Had on, when he went away,<br />a blue fearnought jacket, and an under one of green<br />baize, cotton breeches, oznabrig shirt, mixed blue sale<br />stockings, country made shoes, and yellow buckles.<br />From his ingenuity, he is capable of doing almost any<br />sort of business, and for some years past, has been chiefly<br />employed as a founder, a stone mason, and a miller, as<br />occasion required; one of which trades, I imagine, he<br />will, in the character of a free man, profess. I have<br />some reason to suspect his travelling towards James river,<br />under the pretense of being sent by me on business.<br />Whoever apprehends the said fellow, and brings him to<br />me, or to his master, the honourable John Tayloe, at<br />Mountairy, or secure him so as to be had again, shall<br />have treble what the law allows, and all reasonable<br />charges paid. tf<br />THOMAS LAWSON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich<br />TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst county, whereon<br />are several plantations and improvements sufficient to<br />work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale<br />a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately bult, with a<br />stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILL-<br />STONES, which mill has for two years past got up-<br />wards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a<br />never failing stream. The land will be shewn by William<br />Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the<br />prices of the land made known by him. One or two<br />years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the<br />second year, and also for the first, if the money is not<br />paid agreeable to contract. The land is to be laid off<br />and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence<br />of the purchaser. Deeds will be made, upon bond and<br />approved security being given, either to Call, William<br />Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent. discount will be<br />allowed for ready money, or good merchant notes. If<br />any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower<br />part of the country, on or near some navigable river,<br />that are good, it is more than probable we should agree.<br />CARTER BRAXTON.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />FIVE hundred acres of land, lying on Deep Creek, in<br />Louisa, about 45 miles of Richmond town, and is<br />exceeding good land, well watered by Deep Creek, and<br />a large branch thereof, which runs through the middle<br />of the land, and affords a large quantity of rich meadow<br />ground. Any person inclinable to purchase may see the<br />land, and know the terms, by applying to the subscriber,<br />living near it. tf 1* GEORGE MERIWETHER.</p>
<p>TO be SOLD, at public auction, at Westmoreland court-<br />house, on Tuesday the 27th day of September, being<br />Westmoreland court day,<br />TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born SLAVES.<br />Credit will be allowed until the 10th of November<br />following, on giving bond and good security. The<br />bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually<br />discharged.<br />tdf RICHRD PARKER.</p>
<p>TO BE RENTED,<br />FROM YEAR TO YEAR, OR FOR A TERM OF YEARS,<br />BELVOIR,<br />THE beautiful seat of the honourable George William<br />Fairfax, esquire, lying upon Potowmack river, in<br />Fairfax county, about 14 miles below Alexandria. The<br />mansion house is of brick, two story high, with four con-<br />venient rooms and a large passage upon the lower floor,<br />five rooms and a passage on the second, and a servants<br />hall and cellars below; convenient offices, stables, and<br />coach house, adjoining, as also a large and well furnish-<br />ed garden, stored with great variety of valuable fruits, in<br />good order. Appertaining to the tract on which these<br />improvements are, and which contains near 2000 acres<br />(surrounded, in a manner, by navigable water) are se-<br />veral valuable fisheries, and a good deal of cleared land<br />in different parts, which may be let altogether, or sepa_<br />rately, as shall be found most convenient. The terms<br />maybe known of Colonel Washington, who lives near<br />the premises, or of me, in Berkeley county,<br />tf FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.<br />NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels<br />will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000<br />tons of stone from Mr. Brooke’s quarry, on Rappahan-<br />nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light-<br />house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work<br />are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Loyall,<br />and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors<br />of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or<br />two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burthen.<br />tf BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p><em>For SALE,</em><br />A TRACT of land, on Charles river, York county,<br />containing about 600 acres, part of which is marsh,<br />that may be drained with very little expence. The situ-<br />ation of this place is very convenient for a family, as it<br />lies upon a river that abounds with oysters and fine fish,<br />particularly sheepsheads; it is within 200 years of a mill,<br />and 2 miles of the church. My reason for selling it is,<br />my having bought a tract of land more convenient to me.<br />Whoever inclines to purchase may know the terms by<br />applying to the subscriber, in York town.<br />THOMAS NELSON, junior.</p>
<p>WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second-<br />hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight<br />each. Any person having such for sale are desired to<br />make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk.<br />t.f. BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,<br />A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none<br />of the land having been cleared above six years,<br />with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500<br />acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good<br />that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with<br />out dung. I have made on this plantation above three<br />thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very<br />healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies<br />in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-<br />mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and Mayo<br />creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near<br />to Petersburg by water, and last month, in the dry wea-<br />ther, two canoe loads of wheat were carried near to<br />Petersburg, and the canoe loads brought back; they were<br />loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt<br />but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the<br />expence sending wheat, tobacco, &c. will be trifling.<br />Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce<br />o the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not<br />know of any better high land in the colony. This tract of<br />land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I<br />do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on<br />Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat<br />in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage-<br />ous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 826<br />acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles<br />from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the<br />quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small<br />plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is<br />good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any<br />person who viewed either of the above tracts of land<br />would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither<br />of these tracts are under any incumberance whatsoever.<br />A reasonable time of payment will be allowed.<br />tf ANTHONY WINSTON.</p>
<p>YORK town, June 9, 1773.<br />THE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with<br />the will of their testator, the lare Honourable<br />William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted<br />to him will endeavor to make as speedy payments as<br />possible. Those who have accounts open on his books,<br />and who cannot immediately discharge the balances,<br />are desired to give their bonds. This request is the<br />more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by<br />the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has<br />directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed<br />out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it<br />can be done. Those who have any demands are desired<br />to make them immediately known.<br />THOMAS NELSON, HUGH NELSON,<br />THOMAS NELSON, jun. Ro. C. NCHOLAS.</p>
</div>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette. Number 433, Thursday, August 25, 1774
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-08-25
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2020.6
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/ce1a3122cc31bae618624b7cf7e9c832.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=pBYHoHE5XkEfkreBNlDpiiuCb6p8oAs6pXXHE3QvZBbqK%7Ey80r8yGIECy3jAbzgLfODKtYdPu%7Ed1IBxwCtPYT7DeN8l1LoP3L00DzfVUf1W6yJrlVxLvNeu9kBo3Yd5cVLQ2kwYhK6wfN26xOuWQYcoCy9HQlQsdSUN-6rgArOkvcHtO-s5Q5D9uMxJBlTAIjFyd34DHBFp-2wclwcfepIMAuoeInlGN1jTlvchk2ehQlkUOLeCqXi80DmDXbn8z8Vg3j12qKFODl3N7ctMZkeCHeF6tqLmwBgGt-2I-mFFBd8oQxZuLITLRUAXWiKbkpCFzMgzf4L4I9oswj6r9Fw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c73ae78530d4c9a5f72b9c166568a592
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/b060ae3497d9db15773d8ed8bfb972dd.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=PrrYan2Y%7E-MeyuZag2xlQr1w%7EfKWMnRGx3e6-XgeDZ6lSbSZIxoB4Iuf4w16fuBGwqebPMWj8LjMIxapWiQtTm7TUgIHY0TJtisozWwl9w4z6s3FIuOeC2dR6FStEakGLab-Hh%7E8MQEZceY8o2RG46KG1zSaetU5VO5kfxdDMWPeMrLp%7Ed2DK2-yCwFdXPSpZCR8hN9tgb3XD6H4UmpiTdzn4205xLwI-A-Y7hXJOlD5gL9%7EDe-pt47tB4PkTEmGabtjTPhHdq1cwgCO7fyjhYomS0r7E%7En%7EsKxSEF6Y4MGDBakpClpfEV9FmtOH%7EuZBWqEMNQDVX4r6EYIYaMBdwA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c1ab31380dc2bc0e82729aa4083b3102
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/9fce12b1112853e6aeee42e647ed1877.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=A%7EzLhkMe3GcwSa8RKUxZoU5kSBRsgefHR1EUBCSXWa2lQsgppp500TadnNd4ixYRi%7EmLl79XkQomfNEtZ%7ETNTtF-45rDbjUp7a9Q1dDj8vUPa8SVRqNCW-00IujKCkpXLp8qdspaFmdFvAEgcL8ifcVx%7EU7ILUorv6kv0FjQ59-6IOSVA2ZhCkmHe9wSxz0qarSApfA6yE4BXZwTO6MU-EDMdVGbiFykrnKT2t2Y8EYZumqaGRIUSwnOhpMt01vTsNyAs7BKfP0UmA6oZDSx26DtcLFYbAVtSCwtTAQiwG0EUm2ygMvSGFZsGRucMJ8J7Es%7EolZrS-uXYOf-FuyNgA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
90df65a2293224643a1d2cb3cbc89c59
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/84df328264a33c62619d4a038205b471.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=OUh-O%7Etk%7E4gop5R-FPYtOH3X7M3ogWeVop58Tm-YbnsCF7qfyWLNg7H8j9XqkbgA0c7M%7EKmfa48tvFt8xvWX4Rcn0L1bqn%7EDIpLkplFFWPWZTPgoE-XrOgfOJHBy2reHHca0oY0TsuJNSZKK6%7EybDDPRwoPc8k5tzKy8fKfs9Lst%7ExWHCDZR1HRP8ZGqD-ieLBXo1kgtDgtSVzgyIUc-dkoOq87sqjUCdKh2THR2QZHkz46fOS4RU%7EvEgB66YCUYsPveDRvFdQ0srCpd2Lmezajo68WnfEuAeEupnsThTXtRQMJ5lt2%7EpZGkqpuDhDhPng5RQw-H4YI1oI4WeXNM4g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
360b4262f7c01327c2e85b4340e3e02b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>PAGE 1</h5>
<p>THURSDAY, MAY 5, 1774. THE NUMBER 417.<br />VIRGINIA GAZETTE</p>
<p>OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE.</p>
<p><em>WILLIAMSBURG:</em> PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.</p>
<p>All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12 s. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3 s. the first Week,<br />and 2 s. each Time after; long ones in Proportion.———PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>Mrs. RIND,<br />Be kind enough to give the enclosed a place in your next<br />paper.</p>
<p>To the honourable the POLITICAL COLLEGE shortly<br />expected to meet in consultation upon the EXPEDIENTS<br />of the COMMUNITY.</p>
<p>GENTLEMEN of the CONCLAVE,<br />WILLING as I am to presume, by your<br />constitutional election, your right to be<br />deemed as chosen from among the most<br />discreet of your several counties, agreeable<br />to the wisdom of that direction by which<br />your constituents ought to have elected you. I will<br />hope, nevertheless, that a cautionary hint or two from<br />a life quite grey with a constant digesting observation,<br />on every thing almost within its occurrence, will not<br />derogate from your discretion. Let it not, therefore,<br />occasion a reflection upon your wisdom, by any ill<br />favoured mode of reception.</p>
<p>Tobacco, possibly the first and most natural staple of<br />your climate, has been, and will forever in the nature<br />of things be, as fluctuating a vendible as any commodity<br />whatever; but as being a staple, on every fall of it in<br />price, I do suppose it has happened, that preferable to<br />all other things, your college, out of its great attach-<br />ment to the community, has, from a time almost imme-<br />morial, attempted to counteract, as it were, this its<br />fluctuability, though seemingly one of the most invaria-<br />ble intentions of nature, in all created things, and that<br />by remedies hardly adequate to any real cause, could<br />such a thing ever be discovered in these sublunary<br />changes. Now although this observation, generally on<br />all fluctuability, might be well supported by very just<br />arguments, yet as it may be incautiously carried too far<br />by some, even to the restraining of every human enquiry<br />into things, where the immediate causes are not quite<br />evident, I beg that I may not be misunderstood to mean<br />that any thing which does happen ought not to be investi-<br />gated for its proper prevention, either because it may<br />seem to be produced by nature, or that at first it may<br />appear to be out of the reach of human philosophy. But<br />I would hint, by the observation, that some things are<br />so involved with their concomitant circumstances, that<br />it must require as intense a study to unfold their causes,<br />and proceed to prevent or remedy them among the poli-<br />tical, as some disorders of the human body evidently do<br />among the medical tribe; for instance, the gout, and<br />that too sensible disorder in this climate called the irre-<br />gular quartan. These, however felt, are still so unknown<br />in their real causes, that the most judicious among phy-<br />sicians do always shew an unwillingness even to palliate<br />those severe symptoms which sometimes do attend them,<br />and perhaps for one of the best reasons in the world;<br />because nature, seldom to be charged with neglecting<br />to remove particular complaints, can never be easy under<br />the least interruption to her own salutary efforts, which<br />at the time she possibly may be engaged in. Certainly,<br />then, if she should determine gently to lead any morbi-<br />dity out at a swelled foot, a toe, or through the com-<br />mon draught, &c. none but some hair brained repelling<br />quack would venture to turn such an enemy back through<br />the stomach or head, as the fittest place for its departure.<br />And yet as absurd as this must seem to be, both to rea-<br />son and common sense, I cannot help thinking that it<br />has been almost a general practice, both on the political<br />and the human body. The Gothamites, amongst either<br />tribe, first resolve every flight tendency into an evil to be<br />removed, and of course intrude, in so doing, their learn-<br />ed <em>somethings,</em> and then propound their blunders, as a<br />remedy for that something, <em>without a known cause.</em> So<br />that had not nature been kind in her obstinacy to pursue<br />her changes and fluctuations, the public must have sub-<br />mitted to a different fate from what it has often happily<br />experienced long ago, as many privates certainly have<br />done. But, gentlemen, to fit my parrallels or compari-<br />sons out with as many legs as the late coursers of Pur-<br />die’s raceground seem to require, I shall endeavour to<br />explain my hint a little more, by reminding you of some<br />former deliberations, pretty similar to what you may be<br />at his period engaged in. On a like occasion, when<br />tobacco had fallen nearly to its lowest possible price, ever<br />to be exported by the labour of man, for the use of those<br />who do not make it, your college then deemed the cause<br />of that evil too riginate in the meanness of the commodity;<br />but upon what other principle than that of a common<br />presumption, that when things sell low they must be bad,<br />I never could learn; and if that was the principle, I<br />must say, that there cannot be a greater absurdity pre-<br />sumed, than that the lowness of the price sold at must<br />demonstrate the quality of the thing sold. Such a mode<br />of reasoning must particularly presume that every pur-<br />chaser and seller has a degree of perfectness in him, not<br />often to be fancied in any man <em>quasi</em> (as it is termed)<br />a buyer and seller, especially at 3000 miles distance off<br />from the principal. And may not the redundancy of a<br />thing at market be also a cause for a low sale? I ask this<br />question, because the same college, presently after, sub-</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>stituted this very thing as the cause of another decline in<br />price, and with just as much reason as they did that of<br />the quality, as I believe I shall presently be able to de-<br />monstrate. Will not, then, the confining this observed<br />fluctuability in the prices of things, to quality and quan-<br />tity alone, operate as a good proof of the impropriety of<br />any interposition to prevent such changes? From hence,<br />then, I would deduce the difficulty that must attend both<br />the political and medical tribes whenever they engage in<br />matters, though really not uncommon, yet too much<br />involved (as before) for any but the most informed un-<br />derstandings to determine upon; and I hope my hint<br />intended will carry some conviction with it. I will now<br />endeavour to confirm it a little more, by shewing the<br />inadequateness of the remedies which have been pursued,<br />for the prevention, or rather relief, of these sensible, but<br />really sublunary changes, which do at times interrupt<br />our pleasures much more than they would if we did but<br />consider them so natural as to be expected, and only to<br />be guarded against, by what most deserves the appellation<br />of prudence, a forethought as to every thing that may<br />happen. In this particular instance, the meanness of the<br />quality being the cause concluded on, of the lowness of<br />tobacco at home, in order to amend that, a law was<br />enacted, that all the commodity to be exported should<br />pass the examination of certain judges called agents, as<br />conveniently situated as things would admit of. And<br />just as it often happens to the most unlucky practitioner<br />(at all other times) by having a constitution to handle<br />strong enough to outlive his blunders, the patient reco-<br />vering, in spight of every contrary effort, gives applause<br />to the doctor and his remedy; I say that law availed itself<br />much of a succeeding rise, though it actually happened,<br />in part, through a natural course of fluctuation, and<br />perhaps, it was assisted from some motive of real interest,<br />in another very presumptive cause of these low sales;<br />I mean by the merchants, who shall be considered out of<br />the conclave, since trade is seldom a just subject of legisla-<br />tion, for them to be introduced there, but when the<br />dupes to mercantile bondage are willing to indulge it<br />with heavier yokes than the constitution of justice gene-<br />rally submits to, in any other instance. The rise in the<br />price that succeeded was imputed to the effects of that<br />law, although it was at that time a well known fact, that<br />corruption, with its pleasing form of gain, did almost<br />instantly present itself to those very agents, with the<br />temptation of both private and extraordinary fees, that<br />were to be got by hiring out the stamping irons, of their<br />office to such as could pay for them; by which means<br />abundance of our spare <em>brickbats,</em> old <em>grindstones,</em> and<br />other useless <em>rubbish,</em> got duly to the markets, which no<br />doubt rose very fast on such notable proofs of amendment<br />in the quality of the commodity: Whilst the honest, but<br />indigent planter, became either obliged to submit his la-<br />bour (to give a credit to the law) to be condemned, or<br />to part with his commodity at an under rate to those who<br />could pay those fees. At that time enormity, ever at-<br />tendant on corruption, not so well versed as now-a-days in<br />the modes of disguise, grew with the temptation so fast, that<br />the wisdom of the day, taking into a due consideration both<br />the <em>temptation,</em> and the <em>power</em> to be deduced from the<br />law to effect such injuries, more than the simple punish-<br />ment of offenders in a few discoverable instances, that<br />the community might be no longer imposed upon through<br />a mistaken remedy, productive of a much greater evil<br />than that which the act intended to relieve, as all cor-<br />ruption, like the well known cancer, once established,<br />never ceases to branch out into most dreadful effects; I<br />say, that wisdom either suffered that law to expire, or<br />quashed it by a repeal. What would we not now think if<br />the same prudence in legislation should be but as active<br />in cases of similar inadequate remedies, which cannot<br />be proved to answer any other end but the propagation<br />of corruption amongst us? But this in its proper place.<br />Again, gentlemen, tobacco, according to its course in<br />fluctuation, fell in price, or, as we say, when the moon<br />is at its greatest fulness it changed; and how much is it<br />to be wished that we were but as well acquainted with<br />the real cause of the changes in tobacco as we are with<br />those of the moon, we might then possibly be satisfied<br />that it will continue to do so, either from the corrupti-<br />ons of human nature, or from some appointment through<br />nature itself, let ever so many tincklers, as the Scotch boy<br />told Whitefield, busy themselves to amend it. At this<br />fall in price, as there are seemingly but two causes amongst<br />us to be presumed, I mean the <em>quality</em> and the <em>quantity,</em><br />the latter became the object of endeavour to raise the<br />price again; and though the mode of lessening the quan-<br />tity was really to be proved at the time, and is known<br />to be so now, as inadequate as possible to the purpose of<br />the presumed cause, to wit, the excessive quantity at the<br />market, yet as the price rose near the time of that en-<br />deavour, perhaps through its actual course of fluctuation,<br />or as before, more probably, through some conscientious<br />compunction of the merchants, foreseeing that their in-<br />terest consequent to such a trade, must, if the commodi-<br />ty was suffered to continue so low, be greatly effected;<br />but the law, I say, that was then made, gained the repu-</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>tation of effecting that rise. I cannot here help urging<br />that the remedy, to wit, lessening the quantity, was a<br />very <em>atracadabia,</em> a mere thing of charm indeed, if ever<br />it should produce the least good effect on any staple com-<br />modity depending for its consumption, really upon the<br />luxury of the world; for whatever the encrease of inha-<br />bitants who make tobacco may be in America, yet the<br />vast globe besides must be equal at least in the encrease of<br />consumers. Therefore I beg leave to say, that however<br />convincing it may seem to be that the carrying a small<br />quantity to market must raise the price, the <em>necessity in<br />nature</em> for its consumption must first be presumed, or the<br />consumers, through luxury, must be prevented by the<br />price raised to. For though luxury, when established,<br />may become necessary in imagination, and those habitu-<br />ated to it may seem miserable without enjoying it, yet<br />if the commodity is ever brought all to one high price,<br />which is certainly the intention of both the expedients for<br />the preventing the two causes of its low price, presumed<br />to wit, amending the quality or lessening the quantity;<br />the needy pocket, I say, in the case of tobacco in parti-<br />cular, cannot supply the mouth, &ampc. for its indulgence;<br />of course then, by the bye, as to both these presumed<br />causes, quality or quantity, this argument must forever<br />hold good against either of them being either the cause<br />of a low price, or a remedy in any effect of them for a<br />low price. Is it not a pity, then, that there should not<br />always be brains, to digest it? Consider that it is a staple<br />commodity, which every body must carry to market, to<br />be consumed by every body, and not the property of<br />Tom, Dick and Harry, alone, to be consumed only by<br />a few. But to go on, the mode proposed to lessen the<br />quantity was as unfortunate to the purpose intended as<br />the remedy in view was inadequate to the cause presumed.<br />It was called by some a counting law, and by others a<br />stint law, and except in here and there an extraordinary<br />soil, and some such there really was, so constantly infest-<br />ed by ground worms that cut off every plant nearly, till<br />about the hottest part of July, when it was too late to<br />get any crop pitched, as the last time limited by the law<br />for counting then expired; I say this law did not in<br />the least affect the quantity made, so as to lessen it, but<br />it rather encreased it; for although but very few knew<br />they did so before, yet every body became ashamed to<br />tend less than the law allowed, which they had constant-<br />ly done before the law; so indolent were they, or rather,<br />so inaccurate in their guessing. Besides, thousands in<br />the country at that time, who had never pulled off either<br />a horn worm or a sucker from a plant in their lives, were<br />then made all shewn in the crops, so that as clear as fi-<br />gures could prove a thing, more tobacco was exported<br />when the commodity rose in price than had been when it<br />fell, and yet this very act was applauded as the reason<br />for that rise. Again, after a time, tobacco fell in its<br />price at market, and your college gentlemen, ever active<br />for the public benefit, without any very sensible delibera-<br />tion had recourse again to the quality, and like some<br />apothecaries, who pound up their old and greasy galli-<br />pots for testatias, or other officinal medicines, for a remedy<br />to that low price, they dressed up the old agent’s law, un-<br />der the title of the <em>inspection</em> or <em>tobacco law,</em> new vampt<br />the oath of the arbitrary deciders on the planters pro-<br />perties, but left it full as convenient to be broken as the<br />oath of an agent was, as Hudibras very judiciously, though<br />humourously, hints; and therefore the taking it became a<br />very commodious resource for revenge, particularly in<br />cases of affronts, either personally or judiciary given,<br />and in that new dress they gave the act a ministerial<br />uniform; for it not only ambled, but<em>preambled</em> against<br />the frauds committed in his majesty’s customs; and to<br />carry on the allegory, they laced it with the true mer-<br />cantile <em>nonso pretty,</em> and indeed perfected for the trade,<br />amongst many other things, that which to be sure they<br />wanted, but could but rarely obtain, till the act furnish-<br />ed with an easy list of all the tobacco that was made<br />in the country; from whence it may be presumed these<br />venerable meetings have generated to settle the prices<br />here to be allowed for the commodity, and some other<br />most <em>beneficial</em> purposes to the country, in which these<br />traders, as factors, sojourn themselves into good for-<br />tunes, to enable them to know how to act the part of<br />the merchant at home, to which they generally most<br />decently retire, well versed in the arts to deceive those<br />whom they had been decoying into a good opinion when<br />here. This law has indeed indisputably obliged that<br />part of its intention; but how the presumptive purpose<br />has been served, that of keeping up the price of tobacco.<br />I must believe the present hour has sufficiently convinced<br />every body. But how has the poor planter been affected<br />during its long continuance? Like a sick patient injured<br />by his doctors, I am afraid he has very little constitution<br />left to keep him from starving, being almost ruined by<br />his expence and labour in getting his commodity to the<br />warehouse, to be inspected before he can pay a debt, or<br />purchase a necessary with it, and when there, for any<br />wry word, or dispute, ever so collateral, in danger of<br />being brought into mere indigency. And though, by a<br />new modification, quite unknown to the constitution be-</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>fore the purchaser has his security by a view, to see<br />whether arbitrariness has done its duty in burning before<br />it, the planter, alas ! is without any mode of relief, even<br />against an enemy invested with the power of a fatal re-<br />venge. <em>Clura & iniqua sors laboris</em> indeed! Perhaps in<br />the first seating of a colony there might be such a col-<br />lection of indolence and vagrancy in the emigration as to<br />make it necessary, to oblige each adventurer to cultivate<br />such a quantity of corn for the general benefit; but<br />should such a law be continued in a more improved set-<br />tlement? If reason convinces us there can be no occasion<br />for it why should there be any occasion then for obliging<br />a man to make his other necessary produce better than<br />he may chuse? Reason, indeed, may tell him he may<br />stand a chance of a better price for it by amending it;<br />but I beg leave to say that reason must change sides, if<br />all the commodity is made equally valuable, in a staple<br />not necessarily consumed for the support of life; for I<br />think I have observed and proved that where a commo-<br />dity becomes too dear, the luxury or habit in using it<br />must die away; therefore such a reason for making it<br />better must produce a declension in its consumption.<br />Certainly the pretence of serving the trade, in purchasing<br />the commodity by this law, is below a serious reflection;<br />because the old way of every purchaser’s providing a re-<br />ceiver of what he buys must be a service more to be de-<br />pended on, and for this very reason, if no other could<br />be alledged, because the man employed must know, that<br />on the least deception or negligence, he would be re-<br />moved from his business, and that by the man, too, who<br />employs him; but as to an inspector, I ask what method,<br />short of a <em>long,</em> formal, <em>public,</em> and <em>expensive,</em> enquiry,<br />can remove him? And should he find an interest not to<br />be turned out, as his misconduct never can be but with<br />difficulty proved, and that but in some few instances,<br />what chance must the poor planter stand, who possibly<br />may be an evidence against him, when he must send his<br />commodity to be inspected by that very man, as being<br />very probably the most or only convenient warehouse to<br />him? Things which have been known to have really hap-<br />pened are always the basis to sound arguments. Again,<br />it has been asked, why patriotism has not exerted itself<br />in such instances of injurious inspectors? But if patriotism<br />cannot succeed in its exertions with legislation, of what<br />real consequence can it be to a community to make a<br />small private sacrifice only of a delinquent now and then,<br />could such a discovery be always and easily effected, to<br />compensate for a perpetual as well as general temptation<br />to injurious practices? Is the security of an oath now so<br />sacred as to be sufficient with any temporary terror against<br />temptations? Why was it not so in the days of their<br />predecessors the agents? Certainly the world is not better<br />acquainted with the nature of an oath now than it was<br />then, and I am persuaded that every experience must be<br />convinced, that in general an oath is not more regarded<br />now than it used to be. I have further heard it alledged<br />by some of your college, that there are so many laws so<br />good in themselves made since the inspection law, that<br />are too much connected with it to admit of a repeal of<br />that. Unhappy country indeed ! that can only tie their<br />beneficial laws to the <em>stake</em> of mere <em>oppression.</em> Pray with<br />what were the beneficial laws connected <em>before</em> the area of<br />the commencement of this oppressive act? It has been<br />also urged, that the expence which the country has put<br />itself to in making provisions for the execution of this law<br />is now too great to be laid aside. Answer this, gentle-<br />men, among yourselves, and explain to the world the<br /><em>justice</em> in continuing an oppression only because it has<br />been expensive, and I would ask the <em>wisdom too</em> in doing<br />it, when that very expence must also be continued for<br />the continued execution of the law?<br />(<em>The remainder in our next.</em>)</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, APRIL 28.</p>
<p>The Watt, Beusher, the John, Taylor, and the ship<br />Norfolk, from Liverpool; the Patuxent, Lusk, from<br />Glasgow, and the Betsey, from Barbados, are arrived in<br />James River.</p>
<p>We are earnestly requested, by a number of our readers,<br />to insert the following, as by making things of this na-<br />ture public may be a means of preventing the horrid<br />practice of duelling: A few days ago a duel was fought<br />between Mr. H—ll and Mr. I—n, of Petersburg, occa-<br />sioned by Mr. I—n inviting Mr. H—ll to an entertain-<br />ment, in the name of a gentleman, without any autho-<br />rity. Mr. H—ll fired his pistol, and cut off part of<br />Mr. I—n’s ear; Mr. H—ll was slightly wounded in the<br />posteriors, as he was wheeling. What is remarkable,<br />Mr. I—n’s wound has occasioned a somnolency and deaf-<br />ness, and cannot be awaked without difficulty, and then<br />it is with great trepidation.</p>
<p>This day the general assembly of this colony met ac-<br />cording to adjournment; but there not being quite a suf-<br />ficiency of members to enter upon business, the house<br />adjourned till the next day, when his excellency opened<br />the house with the following speech:</p>
<p><em>The</em> SPEECH <em>of his Excellency the Right Honourable</em><br />JOHN <em>Earl of</em> DUNMORE, <em>his Majesty’s Lieutenant and<br />Governor General of the Colony and Dominion of Virgi-<br />nia, and Vice Admiral of the same, to the General<br />Assembly, convened at the Capital, on Thursday the 5th of<br />May, 1774.</em></p>
<p><em>Gentlemen of the Council, Mr. Speaker, and gentlemen of<br />the House of Burgesses,<br />HAVING had nothing in particular charge from his<br />Majesty to offer to your consideration, I have con-<br />sulted only your own ease in the time of assembling you for<br />the necessary business of the colony, in which I recommend<br />to you to proceed with that dispatch which the public conve-<br />nience requires.</em></p>
<p><em>Mr. Speaker, and gentlemen of the House of Burgesses,<br />I have not, at this time, any thing to require of you; but<br />I hope that your resolutions on the various matters, which<br />shall be the subject of your deliberation, may be influenced<br />by prudence and moderation.</em></p>
<p><em>Gentlemen of the Council, Mr. Speaker, and gentlemen of<br />the House of Burgesses,<br />My ardent desire faithfully to promote the service of his<br />Majesty, who ever evinces the good of his people to be the<br />first objects of his thoughts, will make me heartily concur<br />with you in all measures, and assent to all such laws, as<br />shall be for the welfare and true interest of this country.</em></p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>JOHN RANDOLPH, esquire, his majesty’s attorney ge-<br />neral, was this day chosen representative for William and<br />Mary college in general assembly.</p>
<p><em>Marriages.</em> Mr. Isaac Quarles to Miss Southerland,<br />both of King William county; Mr. William Cowne to<br />Miss Betsey Quarles of said county; and Doctor Andrew<br />Anderson, of New Kent county, to Miss Betsey Burnett.</p>
<p>Died lately, Mr. Robert Yancey, rector of Trinity<br />parish, in Louisa county.</p>
<p>FRIDAY, <em>May 6.</em> This day the two following crimi-<br />nal received sentence of death, at the bar of the general<br />court, namely; Catharine Peppers, from Bedford, for<br />murder, and John M’Clure, from Orange county,<br />for horsestealing. And John Conner, from New Kent,<br />for manslaughter, Henry Bullard, from Isle of Wight,<br />for manslaughter, and Michael Wheatley, from Wil-<br />liamsburg, for grand larceny, were burnt in the hand.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from a gentleman in</em> Richmond, <em>dated</em><br />May 5, 1774.<br />”This morning presented a scene inexpressibly shocking<br />and alarming. The fond hopes which we entertained of<br />a plentiful harvest, and the considerable quantity of fruit<br />which there was the greatest reason to expect, are now<br />entirely frustrated by the severity of the frost. The<br />peaches, apples, and cherries, are nearly quite destroyed,<br />and there is the most unpromising prospect with respect<br />to the wheat. Almost all kinds of vegetables are greatly<br />affected. In short, I do not remember ever to have seen<br />so deplorable a devastation.”</p>
<p>By a gentleman from Loudoun county, whom we can<br />safely rely on, we are informed, that on Tuesday even-<br />ing, and Wednesday morning, the frost was so very<br />severe, that the fruit there has shared the same fate, the<br />tobacco and wheat are much hurt, and that the corn,<br />potatoes, &c. are killed as far as the ground. This gen-<br />tleman adds, that when he left the blue ridge of moun-<br />tains they were covered with snow.</p>
<p>We learn also, that at King William it snowed very<br />smartly, and that the adjacent parts have suffered con-<br />siderably by the frost.</p>
<p>Accounts from Surry, Sussex, and many other places,<br />inform us of the like dreadful effects by the frost. Indeed,<br />we have suffered very considerably in this city, and in<br />the country for ten or twelve miles round.</p>
<p>On Thursday the 8th of April, Joseph Bryan, who was<br />employed as the constitutional post rider from Philadel-<br />phia to Baltimore, and was entrusted with 558 dollars in<br />a bag, directed to Mr. William Lux, at Baltimore, rode<br />off with the cash, and has never been heard of since.</p>
<p>HOB’s address to the mathematicians of William and<br />Mary college is this moment received, and will be insert-<br />ed in our next, if, upon perusing it, we find it merits a<br />place in this paper.</p>
<p>MRS. RIND,<br />HAD the correspondent, who stiles himself <em>a friend<br />to truth,</em> been really such, and not actuated by<br />secret malice, he hardly would have envied me the vindi-<br />cation of my character in your paper, from some odium,<br />I thought, might remain on me in the opinion of such as<br />should hear of the accusation, without knowing the cir-<br />cumstances, the avowed and real design of it, and not to<br />fix blame on the magistrate: But to shew his malevolence,<br />I call upon him to come from behind the curtain, and<br />prove his assertions that I was of suspicious character,<br />that I was not acquitted by the unanimous opinion of<br />the court, as they delivered them, that I had been ad-<br />vised my brother had no right to the negro, thought it<br />felony at the time of taking, and assisted him with a horse<br />and boy to carry her away; all of which I affirm, and<br />can prove, to be contrary to truth. I confess I was by<br />the court, on the day of examination, bound to my good<br />behaviour, upon a misrepresentation of my being con-<br />cerned in a fray that day (wholly unconnected with the<br />trial) at which I was only present. However, to this I<br />submitted, without murmuring, as I could readily give<br />security, and thought it no hardship to be obliged to<br />behave well. I hope this unknown scribbler will not<br />prevent my still passing upon <em>all</em> for an <em>honest,</em> as I am<br />now doubly an <em>injured<em> man. I am, Madam, your hum-<br />ble servant, MOORE BRAGG.</em></em></p>
<p><em>For SALE,<br />THE improved SQUARE of LOTS<br />adjoining the lots belonging to Mr.</em><br />E. DEANE, <em>coachmaker in</em> Palace <em>street,</em><br />Williamsburg. JOHN TAZEWELL,<br /><em>esquire, of this city, is empowered to sell.<br />If the purchaser, or purchasers, do not<br />pay ready money, his bond, with approved<br />securities, made payable to</em> ROBERT CAR-<br />TER, <em>will be satisfactory.</em> tf</p>
<p><em>Just imported, and to be sold by the subscriber,</em><br />ON VERY RASONABLE TERMS,<br />A GENTEEL assortment of MILLINERY, in the<br />newest taste. Mecklin, Brussells, and minionet lace,<br />blond ditto, a variety of white and coloured silks, plain,<br />striped, and sprigged muflins, jewellery, childbed linen,<br />robes, ladies and gentlemens silk and cotton hose, Dids-<br />bury’s shoes, Gresham’s sattin and calimanco ditto, ladies<br />black and white riding hats, and many other articles.<br />WILLIAMSBURG,<br />May 4, 1774. J. CHARLTON.</p>
<p><em>FOR CHARTER,</em><br />THE ship Caesar, William Wetherald, master, bur-<br />then about 450 hogsheads of tobacco, now lies at<br />Norfolk, and has made but one voyage. Apply to said<br />master. tf GREENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH.</p>
<p><sup>*</sup>*<sup>*</sup> On board of said ship is a quantity of Whitehaven<br />COAL, of the best quality, which will be sold very<br />cheap. Apply to Mr. Joseph Kidd, in Williamsburg.</p>
<p>THE subscriber, in Gloucester, has for sale, a few<br />hogsheads of good OLD RUM; also a few pipes<br />and hogsheads of OLD MADEIRA WINE, of the<br />London and New York quality.<br />2 JOHN SEAWELL.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column3</h6>
<p><em>To the</em> CLERGY <em>of</em> VIRGINIA.</p>
<p>REVEREND SIRS,<br />THINKING this a very proper season for taking<br />into consideration certain matters in which the<br />clergy are most immediately and deeply concerned, and<br />finding several of my brethren, whose opinions have<br />great weight with me, to be very confident, that if our<br />whole body should be desired to meet, they would not<br />at tis time shew a general backwardness to honour the<br />request, I have come to a resolution of appointing, and<br />do accordingly appoint, the Thursday after Whitsunday<br />for the clergy to convene upon at the college of William<br />and Mary. When the day appointed comes, I hope<br />those who advised me to this measure will with me enjoy<br />the satisfaction of finding their expectations fully an-<br />swered by being able to assemble with a very respectable<br />number of their fraternity on an occasion which they as<br />well as I deem important. I am, with ardent prayers<br />for your real welfare, and the good of the community,<br />reverend gentlemen, your loving and affectionate bro-<br />ther, JOHN CAMM.<br />COLLEGE, <em>May 5, 1774.</em></p>
<p><em>Just imported from</em> LONDON, <em>and sold by the<br />subscriber, at her store opposite the</em> Raleigh<br /><em>in</em> Williamsburg,<br />A WELL chosen assortment of the neatest GOODS,<br />consisting of fine thread and blond lace, white<br />sattin and lustring, blue sattin and sarsnet petticoats,<br />white ditto for weddings, sattin and queen silk shoes,<br />muslin, gauze, catgut, and wire, worked linen, ribbands,<br />plain and ribbed, silk, cotton, and threat stockings, small<br />ditto for children, patent net aprons, equal in beauty to<br />joining lace, silk gloves and mits, roles and curls, tam-<br />bour sword knots, boys beaver and hussar caps, ladies<br />riding hats, feathers, and whips, childrens sashes and<br />stays, a large quantity of Didsbury shoes, sheneel, fine<br />chip and cane hats, fans, cloaks, gauze handkerchiefs,<br />purses, bags and puffs, purl for work, tureen, pump,<br />and pap ladles, stone silver, gilt, and pinchbeck, both<br />shoe and knee buckles, paste, garnet, gold, and black,<br />stock ditto, India plate salts, ditto snuffers and snuffpans,<br />silver teaspoons, teatongs, and saltshovels, ditto coral<br />and bells, paste, marcasite, pearl, and bead, necklaces<br />and earrings, gold wires, silver bowed seissars, and silver<br />tipped sheaths, lancet cafes, watch chains and keys,<br />combs, pocketbooks, and etwee cases, freemason and<br />other broaches, paste sprigs and pins, tooth brushes, fine<br />Irish wafers, sword canes, and penknives, black bags<br />and roses, black pins, stay hooks, thimbles, silver shoe<br />clasps, fruit knives, dolls and other toys, with many<br />other articles too numerous to insert; all to be sold on<br />reasonable terms, for ready money only, by<br />C. Rathell.</p>
<p><sup>*</sup>*<sup>*</sup> At the same place may be had an exceeding fine<br />SILVER WATCH, capped, which runs on diamonds,<br />and a GOLD WATCH, with gold hands, and an en-<br />graved case.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, at Henrico court-<br />house, in Richmond, on Monday the 6th of June,<br />THE TENEMENT lately occupied by Mr. James<br />Buchanan, on part of which Byrd’s warehouses<br />now stand. It may, with convenience, be divided into<br />three separate tenements, one of which will include a<br />very good dwellinghouse, kitchen, smokehouse, dairy,<br />and a garden under good paling. The second will in-<br />clude a very good brick store, a large commodious lum-<br />berhouse, and the reversion of Byrd’s warehouses. The<br />third joins the lands of Colonel Thomas Turpin, where-<br />on are the houses now in the tenancy of Mess. Trents and<br />Mr. Powell. There is a good stable on this lot, and a<br />large new house that may, at a small expence, be con-<br />verted into a dwellinghouse, or store. The situation of<br />these lots, and convenience of the houses, will sufficiently<br />recommend them to those who view them. They will<br />be sold althogether or separately, which ever shall appear<br />most adviseable. Half of the money to be paid at or<br />before the meeting in November next, and the remainder<br />by the first of May, 1775. The bonds to bear interest<br />from the date, unless the agents of Mess. James and<br />Robert Donald, and company, should agree upon other<br />terms on the day of sale. Any person inclining to pur-<br />chase may be shown the premises, and know the terms at<br />large, by applying to Mr. James Buchanan.<br />2 JAMES MILLER.</p>
<p>*<sup>*</sup>* All those indebted to the said Mess. James and<br />Robert Donald, and company, for dealings with Mr.<br />James Buchanan at thier stores in Richmond, Albermarle,<br />and Amherst, are once more requested to make speedy<br />payment; and as many accounts are yet standing open,<br />particularly at their store in Richmond, those concerned<br />are desired to close the same, immediately, otherwise<br />longer indulgence cannot be given.</p>
<p>THE subscriber intending to settle over the moun-<br />tains makes him offer his lands in Amelia for sale.<br />There are near 800 acres (a little more than 100 of<br />which are subject to a widow’s dower) with a very good<br />dwellinghouse, and all necessary houses, lately repaired,<br />with an extraordinary fine apple and peach orchard of<br />the best kind of fruit; cherries of all sorts. There are<br />near 100 acres of low ground very suitable for a meadow,<br />on which is a great abundance of fine timber. The<br />purchaser may know the terms by applying to Joseph<br />Eggleston, in Amelia, adjoining the said land, Richard<br />Eggleston, in Cumberland county, or the subscriber, in<br />the county of Frederick. WILLIAM EGGLESTON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE<br />TWO thousand acres of exceeding fine LAND for<br />tobacco, wheat, or Indian corn, lying on both<br />sides of Bull Run, in Loudoun and Prince William;<br />about 300 acres of it are rich low ground and meadow land.<br />It lies within 4 miles of two merchant mills, and about<br />10 miles of two other merchant mills in Loudoun, 30<br />miles form Colchester, Alexandria, and Dumfries. If<br />any person or persons incline to purchase the whole<br />or any part of the said lands, they may be shewn them,<br />and know the terms, by applying to Capt. Francis Pey-<br />ton in Loudoun county, who has full power to treat for<br />the same, or to the subscriber. It may be laid off in lots<br />of two, three, or four hundred acres (as may best suit<br />the purchasers) with an equal quantity of low ground<br />and meadow land to each lot. ROBERT BURWELL.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 3</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>THE treasurer, trustees, and subscribers, to the fund<br />for the relief of the widows and orphans of clergy-<br />men, collected last Sunday from the two audiences<br />25£. 14 s. 5d. for which they beg leave to return their<br />thanks to the generous contributors. On the day fol-<br />lowing they ordered 80£. to be distributed among six wi-<br />dows, and the orphans of four clergymen, and appointed<br />officers for the ensuing year, namely, the reverend Mess.<br />John Camm, treasurer, Prince Davis, Devereaux Jarratt,<br />William Eland, John Bracken, Thomas Price, and<br />Thomas Lundie, trustees; William Harrison morning,<br />and Robert Andrews evening preacher.</p>
<p>The clergy have a most grateful sense of the presents<br />of 20£. and 3£. 2s. 6d. from two unknown persons, by the<br />hands of the reverend Mr. Henley. This acknowledg-<br />ment would have been made last year had not the said<br />charitable contributions come some days too late to be<br />inserted in our last year’s advertisement.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, on the first Thursday in June, at Glou-<br />cester courthouse,<br />A TRACT of fine land, lying on Guyown’s Island,<br />containing about 420 acres. Twelve months credit<br />will be allowed, the purchaser giving bond, and good<br />security, to 1 THOMAS NELSON, jun.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, on the premises, on the third Thursday<br />in June, next,<br />THE very profitable ORDINARY, belonging to the< br>subscriber, at King William courthouse, with 600<br />acres of very valuable LAND adjoining to it. The place<br />is so well known that it is unnecessary to describe it, or<br />to point out the advantage of its situation, which is so<br />central that it is daily resorted by travellers from all<br />parts; so that it has constant custom. The ordinary,<br />and some small tenements on the land, have rented for<br />170£. a year, and are now well worth 200£. a year, or<br />more. The purchaser may have possession the first day<br />of November next, and is to pay one fifth of the pur-<br />chase money that day, and one other fifth annually after,<br />until the whole is satisfied. Bond, with good security,<br />for the payment thereof, must be given to the subscriber,<br />who will treat privately with any person inclined to pur-<br />chase before the day of sale. JOHN QUARLES.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,<br />A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none<br />of the land having been cleared above six years,<br />with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500<br />acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good<br />that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with-<br />out dung. I have made on this plantation above three<br />thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very<br />healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies<br />in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-<br />mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and Mayo<br />creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near<br />to Petersburg by water, and last month, in the dry wea-<br />ther, two canoe loads of wheat were carried near to<br />Petersburg, and the canoes brought back; they were<br />loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt<br />but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the<br />expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &c. will be trifling.<br />Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce<br />of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not<br />know any better high land in the colony. This tract of<br />land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I<br />do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on<br />Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat<br />in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage-<br />ous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 126<br />acres, in Albermarle county, I believe about ten miles<br />from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the<br />quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small<br />plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is<br />good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any<br />person who viewed either of the above tracts of land<br />would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither<br />of these tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever.<br />A reasonable time of payment will be allowed.<br />tf ANTHONY WINSTON.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, on the premises, to the highest bidder,<br />on Monday the 25th of July, pursuant to the will of<br />William Anderson, deceased,<br />A TRACT of LAND containing 394 acres, on<br />Blackwater Swamp, in Surry, within 8 or 9 miles<br />of Cabin Point. The land is of a very good quality,<br />and well timbered. There are no improvements, and<br />not above two or three acres cultivated. One third of<br />the purchase money to be paid on the day of sale, and<br />twelve months credit will be allowed for the other two<br />thirds, on giving bond, with approved security, to<br />2 The ADMINISTRATORS.</p>
<p>FAIRFAX county, MAY 1, 1774.<br />RUN away from the subscriber, on the 24th of April,<br />at night, a convict servant man named WILLIAM<br />WEBSTER, a brickmaker by trade, about 5 feet 7 or 8<br />inches high, and well made, with short light brown hair,<br />and sandy coloured beard, rather thin; he is a Scotch-<br />man, and talks pretty broad; had on, and took with<br />him, sundry cloaths, among which were a frock coat and<br />breeches, of a yellowish or olive colour, without lining,<br />and almost new, with black horn buttons, a waistcoat of<br />white cotton, with black horn buttons, good shoes and<br />stockings, &c. Whoever takes up, and conveys the said<br />servant to the subscriber, shall receive FIVE POUNDS<br />if at the distance of fifty miles, and in proportion if it<br />is more of less, and reasonable charges borne. And as<br />it is highly probably he may attempt to get on board<br />some vessel, all masters and skippers are hereby cautioned<br />thereof. I GEORGE WASHINGTON.</p>
<p>FINCASTLE county, to wit,<br />GEORGE the third, by the grace of God, of Great<br />Britain, France, and Ireland, king, defender of<br />the faith, &c. To the sheriff of Fincastle county, greet-<br />ing: We command you that you summon Francis Wil-<br />ley, an infant under the age of twenty one years, son<br />and heir to James Willey deceased, to appear before our<br />justices of our court of our said county, at the courthouse,<br />on the first Tuesday in next month, to answer a bill in<br />chancery, exhibited against him by William Calhoon;<br />and this he shall in no wise omit, under the penalty of<br />100£. and have then there this writ. Witness John Byrd,<br />clerk of our said court, this 9th day of June, in the 13th<br />year of our reign. * JOHN BYRD.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>CAROLINE county, April 30, 1774.<br />AS I intend soon to remove to North Carolina, I<br />shall be glad that every person who thinks he has<br />a claim against me would make it known. Those that<br />are indebted to me, by account, are desired to settle the<br />same. Mr. John Taylor, of this county, will finish the<br />suits I am engaged in; and any payments made to him<br />for me will be allowed.<br />2 JOHN PENN.</p>
<p>RUN away on the 20th of April last, from the sloop<br />FRIENDSHIP, William Johnston Rysam, master,<br />lying at York town, MINGO, a stout well made black<br />negro fellow, of a down cast look, limps on one side,<br />Virginia born, and about 35 years old, has been used to<br />plantation work and going by water. Whoever will deliver<br />him to William Reynolds, esquire, at York, John Perrin,<br />esquire, of Gloucester, or the subscriber, at Norfolk,<br />shall have THIRTY SHILLINGS reward, besides what<br />the law allows. 3 MATTHEW PHRIPP.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, on the 1st instant<br />(May) a servant man named JOHN MASON, of a<br />dark complexion, short dark hair, about 5 feet 10 inches<br />high, has lately had a cut over one of his eyes, supposed<br />to be the left, and is by trade a perukemaker; had on a<br />dark blue coat, striped waistcoat, white breeches, and<br />pale blue stockings. Whoever secures the said servant,<br />so that I get him again, shall receive 40s. and if delivered<br />to me, in Norfolk, 3£. DAVID REYNOLDS.</p>
<p>TAKEN up in Fincastle, a black mare, about seven<br />years old, branded on the near shoulder A, with<br />4 white feet, and a blaze in her face, paces, is hipshot,<br />and about 13 hands 3 inches high. Posted and ap-<br />praised to 7£. JAMES DAVIS.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Fincastle, a sorrel horse, 4 years old,<br />13 hands and an inch high, with a white mane and<br />tail, his fore legs from the knees down almost white, and<br />the hoofs of his fore feet twist inwards, has a star in his<br />forehead, a small snip on his nose, branded on the near<br />jaw T, and has a bell on, with a leather collar and dou-<br />ble buckle. Posted, and appraised to 4£. 5s.<br />* THOMAS MONTGOMERY.</p>
<p>TAKEN up in Lunenburg, a bay horse, about 9<br />years old, branded on the near buttock SH, and<br />about 4 feet 10 inches high. Posted, and appraised to<br />12£. + BENJAMIN CLARKE.</p>
<p>TAKEN up in Lunenburg, a small roan sorrel<br />mare, about 4 feet 1 inch high, branded on the<br />near shoulder and buttock D, has a large blaze in her<br />face, her two hind feet white up to her hams, appears<br />to be about 10 or 12 years old, with a hanging mane<br />and switch tail. Posted, and appraised to 3£. 10s.<br />+ NICHOLAS HOBSON.</p>
<p>THE printer hereof having lately considerably en-<br />larged her paper, and expecting shortly an elegant<br />set of types from London, of a much smaller size than<br />those used at present, together with all other materials<br />relative to the printing business, and being extremely<br />desirous of supporting the dignity of her gazette, and<br />keeping it at a fixed standard, earnestly requests, that in<br />order to maintain it on this footing, those who may please<br />to favour her with their commands will be punctual in<br />their payments, either to send cash, or settle at the next<br />general court after she receives their orders. Pay for<br />the paper she by no means requires at the above stated<br />periods; to remit that yearly will be sufficient, at which<br />time she hopes none of her subscribers will neglect her.<br />But advertisements, blanks, and many other kinds of<br />printing work, she ardently hopes, may be discharged<br />at the general courts, which will enable her the better<br />to carry on her paper with that spirit which is so ne-<br />cessary to such an undertaking. To those who have<br />hitherto obliged me with their custom I return my most<br />grateful thanks; as a recompence, it shall ever be parti-<br />cularly my care to give satisfaction, should the public<br />business be continued with me, whereby I may make a<br />tolerable provision for myself and children. I am the<br />public’s most obliged and very humble servant,<br />CLEMENTINA RIND.</p>
<p>TREASURY OFFICE, April 26, 1774.<br />IT having been represented to me that doubts are en-<br />tertained in several parts of the country of the<br />goodness of some of the treasury notes of the last emissi-<br />on, because there are found double numbers of some of<br />the bills, I think it necessary to inform the public that<br />the upper number of each bill only denotes the number<br />of the book out of which it was taken, and that the<br />lower number shews the series of the bill; both of which<br />are of singular use to the treasury, where the original<br />books, with their counter checks, are carefully preserved.<br />The paper on which the money was impressed consisted<br />of single slips, each containing two bills. Fifty of these<br />slips were bound in separate books, which were numbered<br />from book 1 to 78 inclusive; so that of the notes in cir-<br />culation there may be found one hundred, whose <em>upper</em><br />numbers are the same, though the lower numbers are<br />all different. The manner in which it was proposed to<br />fill up these bills was explainend and universally approved<br />at the last session of assembly, and I did not suppose the<br />smallest doubts could arrive in any part of the country.<br />I have endeavoured to trace every report that has been<br />circulated to the prejudice of the new money, and can<br />truely declare that I have not the least reason to suspect<br />that any of it has been counterfeited. I will not pre-<br />sume to say it is impossible to be done, but am hopeful<br />that the great difficulties which must attend it have dis-<br />couraged even an attempt. These bills, however, will<br />be very speedily called in; and I am persuaded that all<br />doubts and scruples will be effectually removed.<br />2 RO. C. NICHOLAS, Treasurer.</p>
<p><em>THIS DAY WAS PUBLISHED,</em><br />A CANDID refutation of the heresy imputed by<br />Ro. C. Nicholas, esquire, to the reverend <em>S. Hen-<br />ley.</em> SOLD at both printing offices. <em>Price</em> 2s. 6d.</p>
<p>WHEREAS Mr. Kemp Plummer, and Mr. William<br />Plummer, junior, have conveyed away ten NE-<br />GROES, belonging to the estate of major Kemp Plum-<br />mer, deceased, consisting of men, women, and children,<br />which said negroes they have no right to, this is to<br />forewarn the public from purchasing any of them.<br />3 GEORGE W. PLUMMER, executor.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />A VALUABLE tract of land, lying in the lower end<br />of Amherst county, on James River, containing<br />upwards of 1000 acres, nearly adjoining the lands of<br />Doctor William Cabell, running near three miles on<br />the river, with an island adjacent, containing between<br />30 and 40 acres, to be sold with or without the said<br />tract. There is a plantation hereon in good order for<br />cropping, and sufficient for 10 or 12 hands; also a white<br />shad fishery, and a remarkable natural fishpond, with a <br />plenty of limestone for building. Any person in-<br />clinable to purchase may know the terms by applying to<br />the subscriber, in Henrico, who is one of the trustees of<br />Mr. John Howard. 3 THOMAS PROSSER.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, by the subscriber, at Stafford courthouse,<br />on the 2d Monday in June next, if fair, otherwise the<br />first fair day,<br />THREE tracts of land, adjoining each other, and<br />lying in Stafford county, on Potowmack creek;<br />on one of which is a very commodious tavern, and other<br />necessary houses, garden, &c. within a few yards of the<br />courthouse. The situation is very advantageous for a<br />publican’s business, and remarkable for fish and fowl.<br />Fifteen acres of the land were laid down in timothy about<br />four years ago, and there are near 40 acres of marsh,<br />which might be easily reclaimed, and at a small expence.<br />Terms will be made known on the day of sale.<br />5 GEORGE DENT, junior.</p>
<p>FOR sale, by the subscriber in Hanover town, at a<br />low advance, for ready money, or on short credit,<br />GERMAN OZNABRIGS, ROLLS and several bales<br />of RUSSIA DRILLING. 3 THOMAS SIMPSON.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in King and Queen county, a sorrel<br />horse, about 4 feet 7 inches high, appears to be<br />about 5 years old, has a snip on his nose, no brand per-<br />ceivable, trots and gallops, and appraised to 12£.<br />* MARY ANDERSON.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, April 26, 1774.<br />THE subscriber being under a necessity of returning<br />to England the ensuing summer, will sell off his<br />remaining STOCK of GOODS at a low advance to a<br />wholesale purchaser; and desires all persons indebted to<br />him to pay off their respective balances immediately, that<br />his affairs may be properly adjusted before his departure.<br />3* GEORGE PITT.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.<br />NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels<br />will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000<br />tons of stone from Mr. Brooke’s quarry, on Rappahan-<br />nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light-<br />house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work<br />are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Loyall,<br />and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors<br />of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or<br />two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burthen.<br />tf BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, in Sussex, the 16th<br />of February last, a negro man named JAMES,<br />about 22 years of age, of a yellowish complexion, 5 feet<br />2 or 3 inches high; had on, and took with him, a old<br />hat, a fearnought jacket of a purple colour, a mixed<br />yarn jacket without sleeves, and something longer than<br />the other, a striped Virginia cloth shirt, with six white<br />ones, and two of blue, negro cotton breeches, with a<br />green streak across the fore parts, a pair of old shoes,<br />and negro cotton boots. Any person that will bring the<br />said slave to the subscriber shall have five pounds, if<br />taken out of the colony, and forty shillings if taken in<br />Virginia. 3 THOMAS HUSON.</p>
<p>COMMITTED to the gaol of Charles City, on<br />Saturday the 16th instant (April) a lusty negro<br />woman, who says her name is Peggy Wilson, 5 feet 7<br />inches high, formerly belonged to one Richard Hunt, on<br />Roanoke, by him sold to David Taylor, of York county,<br />and purchased of said Taylor by one Peyton, for the<br />use of Mr. John Tabb, in Amelia. The owner is desired<br />to pay charges, and take her away.<br />3 STITH GREGORY, gaoler.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Cumberland, near the lower bridge,<br />on Williss’s creek, a bright bay mare, about 4 feet<br />6 inches high, supposed to be 3 or 4 years old, not dock-<br />ed, both hind feet white, has a few white hairs in her<br />forehead, and branded : on the near buttock. Posted<br />and appraised to 9£. * DRURY WOODSON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />A VALUABLE tract of LAND in Kingston parish,<br />Gloucester county, containing 500 acres, lying on<br />a large creek which makes out of East river, a fine place<br />for fish and oysters; there is land cleared sufficient for six<br />hands, an overseer’s house and other out buildings; the<br />uncleared land abounds with a great quantity of white<br />oak and pine timber, the timber supposed, by good<br />judges, to be worth 1000£.<br />* 3 WILLIAM PLUMMER.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG,<em>April 20, 1774.<br />BY order of his Excellency in council, I hearby give<br />notice to all concerned, that those officers and soldiers<br />who served in the late war as RANGERS, or as part<br />of the militia, will not, as such, be allowed, in future,<br />any land under his Majesty’s proclamation in OCTOBER<br />1763; but those only who were either in the regular<br />service, or else in some provincial regiment.</em><br />JOHN BLAIR, Cl. Con.</p>
<p>TREASURY OFFICE, April 10, 1774.<br />THE <em>several</em> Inspectors, and all other<br />Persons whatever, <em>who are in Arrear<br />to the Treasury, are desired to discharge<br />their respective Balances in the Course of<br />this present Court,</em> without fail, <em>as no In-<br />dulgencies can be given.</em><br />RO. C. Nicholas, Treasurer.</p>
<p>NOW at my house, in YORK, a tall, slim, young<br />negro fellow, who says his name is CHARLES,<br />and that he belongs to William Franklin. The owner<br />is desired to take him away, and pay the expence of this<br />advertisement.<br />3 CORBIN GRIFFIN.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>HANOVER, March24, 1774.<br />I SOME time ago purchased a tract of land, in Spot-<br />syvania county, of one Joseph Herndon, and have<br />paid him all the consideration money except 100£. which<br />becomes due in April next, for which said Herndon has<br />has my bond, with Mr. Garret Minor security; these are<br />therefore to forewarn any person from taking an assign-<br />ment of said bond, as I am assured he cannot make me<br />a good title to the land. 3 AARON FOUNTANE.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />And to be ENTERED upon at CHRISTMAS next,<br />A VERY valuable tract of LAND in King William<br />county, on Pamunkey river, adjoining the land of<br />the late Mr. John Smith, of Hanover county, deceased,<br />containing 800 acres, more or less, the soil is very rich<br />and exceedingly well adapted for wheat, corn or tobacco,<br />particularly the first and second, being low grounds;<br />and there is a considerable quantity of high grounds.<br />It has plenty of good pine and oak timber upon it, con-<br />venient houses, and is in good order for cropping, is<br />about two miles from Hanover town, and very convenient<br />to church and two mills. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may be shewn the land by applying to Mr. Christo-<br />pher Taliaferro, or Mr. William Jones, who resides near<br />the same, and the terms may be also known by applying<br />to these gentlemen, or to the subscriber.<br />tf THOMAS JONES.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, at Goochland court-<br />house, on Monday the 20th of June, being court day,<br />A TRACT of rich, well timbered LAND, lying<br />opposite to Elk Island, in Goochland county, be-<br />longing to the estate of Mr. John Smith, deceased, con-<br />taining 2000 acres, which will be put up in four separate<br />lots. Likewise a tract containing between 3 and 400<br />acres, lying on both sides of the Little Bird creek, near<br />the head thereof, in the aforesaid county. Those lands<br />having been fully described in a former advertisement<br />renders it unnecessary here. The time of payment will<br />be made known on the day of sale, and bonds, with good<br />security, required of the purchasers.<br />9 WILLIAM ANDERSON, executor.</p>
<p>*<sup>*</sup>* The purchasers at the different sales of the negroes<br />and personal estate of Joseph and John Smith, deceased,<br />are desired to take notice, that their bonds will in a very<br />short time become payable, and that no indulgence can<br />or will be allowed to any person. I shall constantly at-<br />tend at the county courts of Henrico and Hanover, and<br />the meeting of merchants in Williamsburg, in order to<br />receive payment. Those who have open accounts on<br />the books of John Smith, deceased, are once more re-<br />quested to come and settle.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, and to be seen in Williamsburg, from<br />the first of May and for some time after, the high<br />blooded horse MASTER STEPHEN; he is young,<br />strong, and large, has a good bottom, and runs fast.<br />Whoever may be inclinable to know his pedigree, or to<br />see him, may be satisfied by applying to Philip. L. Lee<br />at his house in Williamsburg. 3</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, near the south branch<br />of Meherrin river, in Mecklenburg, on Christmas<br />day last, a large negro man named BOB, Virginia born,<br />is very sensible, about 5 feet 9 inches high, 26 years old,<br />has bad teeth, and a small mark on his upper lip, his<br />forehead, which is fleshy, bears much over his eyes, and<br />makes a dent in his nose, joining his forehead, had, when<br />he went way, a large head of hair, combed up high<br />before, and part of his hair grew from his ears down his<br />face to his neck, has a strong, hoarse voice, is a little<br />bow legged, and his feet are large; he had good cloaths,<br />which I expect he will change. I imagine he will en-<br />deavour to pass for a free man, and procure a pass.<br />He can make shoes, and play on the fiddle, and is fond<br />of singing with it. He took with him a sorrel mare,<br />which I suppose he would part with. All owners or<br />masters of vessels are forewarned from taking him on<br />board. I will give TEN POUNDS to any one that will<br />deliver him to me.<br />3* RICHARD WITTON.</p>
<p>RUN away, or stolen, from the subscriber, in Pitt-<br />sylvania county, about the last day of February past,<br />a negro man named GUY, has been in the country<br />about two years, speaks very broken, is about five feet<br />ten or eleven inches high, had on a Monmouth cap, a<br />pair of country made shoes, and yarn hose, old shirt,<br />jacket, and breeches, and has a scar on his breast; he<br />makes use of tobacco in the snuffing way. Any person<br />that will bring the said slave to me, or to Daniel Han-<br />kins, in the county aforesaid, shall receive FIVE<br />POUNDS, besides what the law allows.<br />3* JOHN SALMON.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Gloucester county, a brindle steer,<br />near three years old, marked with a swallowfork<br />in the right ear, and a crop in the left. Posted, and<br />appraised to 1£. 10s. * JOHN FOX.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, on Dan river, in Halifax county, a<br />small black horse, six or seven years old, with a<br />small star in his forehead, roached main, branded on the<br />off buttock O, about four feet six inches high, and is<br />appraised to 7£.<br />* JOHN ARMSTRONG.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Lunenburg, on Nottaway river, a<br />sorrel horse, 4 feet 3 inches high 5 years old,<br />and branded on the near buttock [=. Posted, and apprais-<br />ed to 4£. 10s. * THOMAS CHAMBERS.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Mecklenburg, a small bay mare,<br />well made, with a star in her forehead, some<br />saddle spots, branded on the off bottock V, part of her<br />mane roached, and part hanging to the off side; she has<br />a long sprig tail, and is about sixteen years old. Posted,<br />and appraised to 2£. 10s. * JOHN TABB.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, on Island Creek, in Bedford, a blue<br />roan horse colt, about 2 years old, 4 feet 2 inch-<br />es high, but neither docked nor branded. Posted, and<br />appraised to 2£. 10 s.<br />* WILLIAM HANDY.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, on Island Creek, in Bedford, a bright<br />bay horse colt, about 3 years old, 4 feet 3 inches<br />high, one hind foot white, but neither docked nor<br />branded. Posted, and appraised to 3£.<br />* WILLIAM HANDY.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>TAKEN up, on Island Creek, in Bedford, a smal<br />black mare, about 5 years old, 4 feet 5 inches<br />high, with a large star in her forehead, her near hind<br />foot white, and docked and branded on the near buttock<br />F. Posted, and appraised to 6£.<br />* WILLIAM HANDY.<//p></p>
<p><em>The noted</em> HORSE<br />MARK ANTHONY<br />WILL stand this SEASON at my plantation, on the<br />north side of Roanoke river, about 15 miles above<br />Halifax town, and will cover at three pounds for the season,<br />thirty shillings the leap, or five pounds to ensure. I<br />shall take all possible care to any mares that may be left<br />with me; but will not be liable for any that may get<br />away. 3* EATON HAYNES.</p>
<p><em>The noted swift</em> HORSE<br />TRISTRAM SHANDY,<br />(<em>now, perhaps, the fattest horse in</em> VIRGINIA)<br />STANDS at my house, in the lower end of Caroline<br />county, and covers mares this season at 2&pound. 10s.<br />good pasturage, gratis, and great care taken of the mares,<br />but will not be answerable for any that may get away.<br />TRISTRAM SHANDY was got by Morton’s Traveller,<br />his dam by Janus, out a very fine English mare.<br />5 JAMES UPSHAW.</p>
<p>PLANK <em>and</em> SCANTLING<br />TO be sold by the subscriber, at his sawmill, near<br />Aylett’s warehouse, on Mattapony river, upon the<br />most reasonable terms, and of the following kinds, viz.<br />white oak, black walnut, sweet gum, ash, poplar, birch<br />(which makes elegant furniture) best yellow heart pine<br />for flooring (and clear of heart and sap, if required)<br />common high land, and slash ditto, for other uses. A<br />reasonable credit will be allowed, or European or West<br />India goods received in payment. I shall prepare several<br />sets of plank and scantling for erecting Hobday’s wheat<br />machines, which, or any other kind of plank or scant-<br />ling, I can send to Norfolk, or to any part of York river.<br />Orders, which may come by the post to the postoffice at<br />Aylett’s, will be duly complied with. I have also for<br />sale a quantity of excellent MADEIRA WINE, of the<br />London and New York qualities, in hogsheads and<br />quarter casks, on twelve months credit, and will receive<br />corn or wheat in payment.<br />tf WILLIAM AYLETT.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, together or in parcels,<br />THAT fertile and well timbered tract of LAND,<br />in Princess Anne county, known by the name<br />of GIBBS’S WOODS, whereon are several settlements,<br />and whereof Jeremiah Tinker, esquire, grandson of the<br />late governor Gibbs now stands seized, under the deed<br />of gift of his mother, the daughter and heiress of the<br />said governor Gibbs. Persons inclining to purchase may<br />be informed of the terms by applying to Mr. James<br />Parker, merchant in Norfolk, or to Edward Foy, in<br />Williamsburg, who will give any undoubted title. tf</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, March 1, 1774.<br />THE <em>several sheriffs in arrear for his Majesty’s<br />quitrents are requested to make full payment at the<br />ensuing</em> April <em>court; and as it is my duty to enforce a<br />speedy collection of this revenue, it is hoped that those<br />against whom judgments have been already obtained will<br />attend to this notice.</em><br />RICHARD CORBIN, D. R. G.</p>
<p>KING HEROD<br />STANDS at Rosegill, and will cover mares at FOUR<br />POUNDS the season. Those who send mares must<br />send the money, otherwise they shall not be left. The<br />valuable qualities, and the pedigree, of this horse, are<br />sufficiently notorious.<br />RALPH WARMELEY, junior.</p>
<p>GODOLPHIN,<br />A FULL blooded horse, by FRARNOUGHT, out of<br />an imported mare, will stand this season at Mr.<br />Richard Taylor’s, near Petersburg, to cover mares, at<br />TWENTY SHILLINGS the leap, or THREE<br />POUNDS the season, payable in October next. Those<br />gentlemen who are inclined to send mares may be assured<br />that the greatest care will be taken of them; but I will<br />not be answerable for any that shall get away.<br />GEORGE BAYLOR.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, and entered upon immediately<br />A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more<br />or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county.<br />It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I<br />advertised last year and then gave a full account of it,<br />since then I sold it to John Attway Clarke, of Maryland,<br />but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more<br />to offer it to the public. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may know the terms by applying to me in Mid-<br />dlesex. I want part of the money at the meeting of the<br />merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable<br />credit. tf AUGUSTINE SMITH.</p>
<p>ESSEX county, April 2, 1774.<br />IN consequence of the death of Mr. James Campbell of<br />Essex, who was acting attorney for Messieurs John,<br />William, and James M’Call M’Call and Elliott, and,<br />M’Call, Elliott, and Snodgrass, in the business formerly<br />under the management of Mr. William Snodgrass, we<br />have received from his executors the books and papers of<br />said companies, and have put them into the hands of Mr.<br />James Gordon to collect. We therefore earnestly request<br />all indebted to those concerns to pay off immediately, as<br />no further indulgence can be given. Mr. James Gordon<br />will reside in Tappahannock, and will attend Essex,<br />Middlesex,, and Gloucester, and King and Queen courts.<br />ARCHIBALD M’CALL<br />JOHN SNODGRASS.</p>
<p><em>For</em> WHITEHAVEN,<br />THE ship OLIVE, Captain William Barrass, lies<br />at Broadways, on Appomattox, will sail early in<br />April, having three fourths of her cargo engaged, can<br />take in about one hundred hogsheads of tobacco, on<br />liberty of consignment. For terms apply to Mr. Bolling<br />Starke, in Petersburg, or us at Norfolk.<br />GREENWOOD, RITSON, AND MARSH.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>RUN away, from Neabsco furnace, the 16th of<br />March, a light coloured mulatto man named<br />BILLY or WILL, the property of the honourable<br />John Tayloe, esquire. When I tell the public that he<br />is the same boy who for many years used to wait on me,<br />in my travels through this and the neighbouring pro-<br />vince, and by his pertness, or rather impudence, was<br />well known to all my acquaintances, there is the less<br />occasion for a particular description of him. However,<br />as he is now grown to the size of a man, and has not at-<br />tended me for some time past, I think it not amiss to say<br />that he is a very likely young fellow about 20 years<br />old, 5 feet 9 inches high, stout and strong made, has a<br />remarkable swing in his walk, but is much more so by a<br />surprizing knack he has of gaining the good graces of<br />almost every body who will listen to his bewitching and<br />deceitful tongue, which seldom or ever speaks the truth.<br />He has a small scar on the right side of his forehead, and<br />the little finger of his right hand is quite straight by a<br />hurt he got when a child. Had on, when he went away,<br />a blue fearnought jacket, and an under one of green<br />baize, cotton breeches, oznabrig shirt, mixed blue sale<br />stockings, country made shoes, and yellow buckles.<br />From his ingenuity, he is capable of doing almost any<br />sort of business, and for some years past, has been chiefly<br />employed as a founder, a stone mason, and a miller, as<br />occasion required; one of which trades, I imagine, he<br />will, in the character of a free man, profess. I have<br />some reason to suspect his travelling towards James river,<br />under the pretence of being sent by me on business.<br />Whoever apprehends the said fellow, and brings him to<br />me, or to his master, the honourable John Tayloe, at<br />Mountairy, or secure him so as to be had again, shall<br />have treble what the law allows, and all reasonable<br />charges paid. tf THOMAS LAWSON.</p>
<p>YORK town, June 9, 1773.<br />THE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with<br />the will of their testator, the late Honourable<br />William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted<br />to him will endeavour to make as speedy payments as<br />possible. Those who have accounts open on his books,<br />and who cannot immediately discharge the balances,<br />are desired to give their bonds. This request is the<br />more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by<br />the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has<br />directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed<br />out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it<br />can be done. Those who have any demands are desired<br />to make them immediately known.<br />THOMAS NELSON, | HUGH NELSON,<br />THOMAS NELSON, jun.| RO. C. NICHOLAS.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich<br />TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst county, whereon<br />are several plantations and improvements sufficient to<br />work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale<br />a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately bult, with a<br />stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILL-<br />STONES, which mill has for two years past got up-<br />wards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a<br />never failing stream. The land will be shewn by William<br />Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the<br />prices of the land made known by him. One or two<br />years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the<br />second year, and also for the first, if the money is not<br />paid agreeable to the contract. The land is to be laid off<br />and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence<br />of the purchaser. Deeds will be made, upon bond and<br />approved security being given, either to Call, William<br />Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent, discount wil be<br />allowed fo ready money, or good merchants notes. If<br />any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower<br />part of the country, on or near some navigable river,<br />that are good, it is more than probable we should agree.<br />CARTER BRAXTON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />SEVERAL valuable tracts of LAND, adjoining each<br />other, or both sides of Chappawamsick Run, in the<br />counties of Stafford and Prince William, containing 2600<br />acres, being the seat whereon the subscriber formerly re-<br />sided. These lands are situate four miles above Aquia<br />warehouses, and four miles below the town of Dumfries,<br />the soil of more than half of it exceeding good; there is<br />on it as fine a mill seat as any in the colony, upon a large<br />and never failing stream. There is a great appearance<br />of iron ore, and a large quantity of white oak and pine<br />timber, a tolerable commodious dwellinghouse, a great<br />number of convenient outhouses, good orchards, and<br />several tenements in order for cropping. There are also<br />200 acres of fine meadow ground, half of which was<br />sowed in timothy last fall and this spring. A more par-<br />ticular description will be unnecessary, as it is presumed<br />than any person inclinable to purchase will view the pre-<br />mises; and the subscriber earnestly entreats all such to<br />form their ideas of the value of this estate from their own<br />observations, and not from any accounts they may receive<br />from others, as there are some persons, who are thought<br />good natured, worthy men, amuse themselves with de-<br />crying the property of their neighbours, even at the<br />expence of truth, and under the mask of friendship to<br />the person injured. And the subscriber is more parti-<br />cular in this caution, as he hath formerly received several<br />severe injuries of that kind from one in that neighbour-<br />hood. The above lands are under the incumbrance of<br />two mortgages; the one for a considerable sum, made<br />by the subscriber himself, the other for an inconsiderable<br />sum, made by the person of whom he purchased one of<br />the small tracts, which mortgages are to be first paid out<br />of the money arising from the sale. For terms apply to<br />THOMSON MASON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />THE public STOREHOUSE in that part of the town<br />of Richmond called Shockoes, rented at fifteen<br />pounds a year; the two half acre lots, No. 400 and<br />No. 670, in the same town; the valuable lot of one hun-<br />dred acres of timbered land, near the same, known by the<br />description of No. 799; also the two half acre lots, No.<br />116 and No. 267, inthe town of Manchester or Rocky<br />Ridge, on the fourth side of the falls of James river. For<br />terms apply to Joshua Storrs of Richmond, or to the sub-<br />scriber. THOMSON MASON.</p>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2019.12
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia gazette. Number 417, Thursday May 5, 1774
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-05-05
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/90148a7a953108d6053186db07051817.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=MAm7CmGt%7ESpeHk93UegvpzKayCNOq2GsjCkAKlM7AtIeiS%7E4HELEmw135jylEDfh06Ys8OO3YcxywKaD6mBogmdLCib%7EXb3F%7EYxxhCJL9Z7ED-p5YSxDbM7LH37EsK6R2-qLvp7l92-Q37PAZ1C6hDEuwV2eVzgZUwa9xpgHUtgrQgpjyqdnaqX6qbNouxThXuu2kRW%7EOS4r4cfuza7eAuxXHl1V96myNQNi3af754DL2X5ZECq2u0QyPTQ30SGT6-MVsXsCKozGGXK1%7EJv-j8qw4URIQ9MARAiWc8Pz6UK7vyz21m%7EuVPA27QhBkao%7Eb9SCm6Qj173Foy4N7Q7xUA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
3bbe396286b7313d199a9a42efe8756e
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/6af7445ec3c17e03d01deaafa8424e74.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=ldR2q9o8CMyaIFKQB2LMTo1Gi-Dwyq0yAVx26UooraW6cI6Nyn6dU402d%7EAjeJyfdBkrCLlijRnsnuY4HeOcswRQ1pnsI3IjiqnEmK0fdCjbGiTodIZjdrPdX5OtSKBlcnbVUbUls6ZCN1nqFSOhnekrwl6EGHQ47Tq5KjV-tTzQHTFOkkLSvtod7JucX1gc4xcXkXkNML%7E1LF2LD95HiYRw9-2jusibBggeeoHtgYszH5AOEeTrOJnDSxtEWHAeuKNuE2qBjU5eR05RRzzDZSzZD3nY%7EkKvOMdl%7EqoBWapmAmB0X9TLdm3aZAi8qEBaqRGjFBWTohp7PmLn53onkA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
964b059d65eee318732456281b4ac356
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/ed63fda3cad850e2cdb0868d3c9e8f3d.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=sYDLIQJT8oWUXT77u-pZHX1Xbc40huEOOcpH-chm7hrjhGwMlvuZpTI-SzioVzbvgJEKN1KK-Fgc0q6pzRRYfo%7EqW1T2H7KhgOEeR-83QkSIyuUDVPxoZRUrGdUhF6OpBFS5KlZfTXpc85vb3O%7EgFjQCbAl4GFaxAkavWf%7EJVbQsovoolBaXj4IJ9NvOsdsXW-JdTVPgtXAV8GpxT8%7EAOGezNuvn7COFljj7NkM16mlJhk8xMx9a6Rjk0WMAUNv6IJBcr9sRvYmKdIl3%7E9skJULVOjYqLqji0HinkJ3oufPQgl3267uauQ60maaAyuvMvyHUjeTd6TUQ3q-fQr4H%7Eg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
f89bd66591979aa99f68f0ad7786c45c
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/44756dc82595f7922921ff584db3e275.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=HYtIu2vgpMG9PNF0nD6YzBE8dDn%7E0lghGtqVLh9UMUHCVZYTMuYHd3AIsY3kkgptDA2exF9j7kQjeG3UMV4TX8r7OiYIMXTt5fUoMTFl6zLXsCvCqtm2N3z5yCwEpUWlE74nRLqg7ddC5OGNTcWOFElfysQ9w80l1aLPAdw05-rg7%7E2YSE7ti7mSrTs3enuXSg4H46jOiJ07OLVWLs7yM9%7EnZxVD55l8efRVfr-0Ba%7ERLNiSt0VXWEndg%7EUI2GoPvMCiA-NQBbIQrCJdSNhRAxYRXvHk2Po45GaTPWjNLO10QxYbzNTiMh1IzdhUf3dN0czsSCESvFpTIAn8I8SK-A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
8356d86696a24e3b1c6a08129f56e8f7
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>Thursday, May 12, 1774 THE Number 41.8<br />VIRGINIA GAZETTE<br />OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE.<br /><em>WILLIAMSBURG:</em> PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.<br />All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12s. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3s. the first Week ,<br />and 2s. each Time after: long ones in Proportion. ————PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<div>
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em>CONCLUSION of the ADDRESS to the POLITICAL<br />COLLEGE.</em></p>
<p>I AM aware of an argument, a best only collected<br />from our neighbouring province; and I think I have<br />digested it so as really to stifle it in every modest<br />man’s opinion. It is advanced that Maryland, for<br />a great while, would not come into any inspecting<br />law. So far I say they were wise. But that finding the<br />low price of the Virginia tobacco rising, by means of<br />their inspecting law, they agreed to enact one themselves.<br />Let any body consider what has been before advanced,<br />and say whether it was not a wrong conclusion, both<br />in Virginia and Maryland, that any rise in tobacco<br />ought, or could, be imputed to such a cause. If it<br />was the real cause, what has produced the present very<br />low price in Virginia, when the very inspection law is<br />still, and has been so long in being? But to go on.<br />After this inspecting law had been in use in Maryland,<br />why was it suffered to expire without being re-enacted?<br />Perhaps a low price in the fluctuation of the commo-<br />dity again explained that it did not compensate for<br />the hardships and expence the planter had under the<br />law been obliged to endure. A more certain deduction<br />this for its being suffered to expire, I am persuaded, than<br />any other that can be assigned. But then I am asked<br />what has made them revive the law again? I answer,<br />not the present boasted price of the commodity at home,<br />to be sure; for that rise proves itself either to have come<br />out of the merchants counting houses, or that it raised<br />only by the scent of a revival of that law; because the<br />very tobacco on which the price was raised, was all of<br />that very mean trash, &c. which their public newspapers<br />in Baltimore and elsewhere, had puffed out, by way of<br />extract from home. But is there not another cause to be<br />presumed why they have revived that law? Indeed, gen-<br />tlemen, you know there is. Just like other folks, the<br />Marylanders, frightened with what was but too common,<br />the rising and falling of tobacco, and never considering<br />that it is one of the depravations in this trade in particu-<br />lar, when things are selling cheap, to endeavour to make<br />them still cheaper, that the trader or merchant, who<br />sells them for another, may get the more money himself. <br />I say the counting houses easily could, and perhaps I may<br />demonstrate they do, sink the commodity lower by much<br />than what the course of fluctuation ever does. But yet,<br />as it is natural in all alarms of the kind, one person,<br />and indeed one colony, adopts the same <em>wise</em> remedies on<br />the same <em>wise</em> principles of another; by which means,<br />gentlemen, your college became imitated with a mere<br />adoration, in every unhappy measure of the kind which<br />it had fallen upon. The man resolved to gain in trade,<br />invents a thousand things to obstruct any discovery of<br />himself; and can as easily tell you you sent trash, under<br />an inspecting law, which he could not sell, as that you<br />sent a fine commodity without such a law, which he sold<br />well, though at a low market. A folio of these proofs<br />may be at any time produced. But what, dear gentle-<br />men, are you now to entertain the world or yourselves<br />with, either as a cause of the present low price, or as a<br />remedy for that cause? You have had your amending<br />law many years, and some years you have made it a law to<br />lessen the quantity by your extraordinary modifications.<br />And yet your merchants have, it seems, advised you “to<br />employ your slaves about any thing rather than tobacco,<br />for it is worth nothing, and must bring you in debt:”<br />Aye, there is the rub; and presumtively the very cause<br />why it is ever worth nothing among such a vast world of<br />luxurious consumers. Had these kind advisers been a<br />little more consistent in their apologies for their low sales,<br />and indeed not quite so barefaced as to think that we<br />could be cajoled by their artifice in advising against<br />their own interest, there would have been no very clear<br />ground for the least suspicion. But inconsistency has<br />never yet made any tolerable figure amongst the criteria<br />of truth. What credit then can be paid to one who bids<br />you leave off making the very thing which he lives by;<br />nay the very thing which he sends for to you? A gull<br />this, ye powers, indeed! In hopes that such a disinter-<br />ested complexion in advice, must compassionate his <em>friends</em><br />into a firm persuasion of the difficulty he lay under in<br />not being able to give better prices than what he sent in,<br />and no doubt drive them to a mere forcing, that thing of<br /><em>no value,</em> that thing which must bring them in debt again,<br />under his disinterested care; at least that he might not<br />lose by any dead freight in his ship, sent in to accommo-<br />date so much reciprocal friendship, supposing they should<br />be brought in debt by what they sent him, for nobody<br />can suppose such a merchant must be a fool to condemn<br />his judgement and give a better price. Again. Perhaps<br />few are so minute as I am always, when examining into<br />such a mere excess in nature. I must therefore ask what<br />can be the reason that, even at the time when tobacco is<br />said to be worth nothing, we cannot get a pipe of cut and<br />dry tobacco at a less price than from 13d. to 18d. the<br />pound, which they actually charge in their invoices at-<br />tending their very kind advice? Can it be possible that the<br />smoker or manfacturer, who buys from them at five far-<br />things, or less, per pound, clear of duty, as your mer-</p>
</div>
<div class="“cloumn”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>chant tells you, could have the impudence to make so<br />very consciencious a gentleman pay 13 or 18d. for it,<br />after he had manufactured it? To be sure the very enor-<br />mity of such an inconsistency must speak more than any<br />merchant, ever so disinterested, would care to explain.<br />The best sort of this tobacco is brought in here by the<br />honest captains, and sold much cheaper in current mo-<br />ney; and that by a method, no merchant can be a<br />stranger to. A quantity, perhaps about 50lbs. which the<br />act of parliament allows, to be exported, is bought,<br />cleared of the duty by its drawback, and this sold by the<br />manufacturer under 5d. so that a sale here, at 12d. cur-<br />rency, becomes a great penny. And to strengthen the<br />observation, even 5d. to the manufacturer, who had<br />bought at 5 farthings, as the merchant, by his sales, tells<br />you, is a trade which no conscience, but that of a mer-<br />chant, could well demand. Certain I am that no manu-<br />facturer could have demanded it of any merchant, who<br />had sold it to him for 5 farthings, because it is as 400 is<br />to 100, 300 per cent. at least, between the price bought<br />at, allow it 5 farthings, and the price sold at 5d. the<br />pound. Those who reason on pleas of the crown tell us,<br />that it is only by insignificant trifles that we come at the<br />discovery of great things; and I dare refer this circum-<br />stance to any ear, impartial enough to be open, to say<br />what is convincing or what is not. But to go a little<br />farther. Would not any body smile to hear an agent in<br />this country for one of these kind advisers, buying to-<br />bacco for him, and from the very man to whom the prin-<br />cipal had only neated from 37s. to 3£. the hogshead, and<br />offering him 10s. sterling a hundred Virginia weight? Does<br />not this man intend to make people believe that the mar-<br />ket will rise to 5£. or more, the hogshead, the next return,<br />or that it is worth more than he sold it for? Now, dear<br />conclave, weight these things in any scale of good sense,<br />and you must agree with me, that while our exports (our<br />tobacco) and our imports (our goods) all pass through<br />the same counting houses, it must be impossible for things<br />to be otherwise. I have mentioned, as one depravity in<br />trade, that where, in the common course of fluctuation,<br />any commodity shall not be in demand, its only natural<br />fluctuation; the merchant reduces it still lower in his<br />counting house, to serve his devoted purpose, gain; and<br />for the very same reason I add, he never gives the price<br />he sells it for, when it is in demand. Thus are we situ-<br />ated as to our export of our tobacco; the price is lessened,<br />the high counting house commissions, the charges begot<br />by fraud, and maintained by its prime minister, custom;<br />and after this commissions for selling, otherwise called by<br />them the petty commissions; and as to the goods sent in<br />by them, if double shop notes for one and the same thing,<br />from the same tradesman, one high charged, and the<br />other low, the high to be the correspondent’s charge,<br />the low the poor tradesman’s pay; if letters and tickets,<br />in books and goods, discovering a greater charge made<br />the correspondent, than paid the tradesman; if good<br />private people, from 25 to 40 per. cent. cheaper, can<br />be any proof of a counting house advance, I may dare any<br />body to dispute it; but not to deny it; for that would<br />be too bold a word, as to trade. Can it then be worth<br />your while to meditate about raising the price of tobacco<br />at home, when it must be a doubt whether you ever knew<br />what it was? To raise it here is the only way; and that<br />is to sell in to these counting house gentry, or let them<br />want it, if they will not buy it; and as soon as possible<br />to live ourselves out of debt, by even living down to the<br />lowest distress of the times, rather than not effect this<br />great work; because if any man, who has ever had an<br />opportunity to do it, will but reflecton the difference he<br />must have experienced in such a state of doubt, he must<br />be satisfied from whence his very low prices began. But,<br />for God’s sake, never let your consultations tend in the<br />least to compel industry to quit any employments which it<br />must, from experience, know how to manage, and to do<br />it with the least expence, and force it, by any kind of re-<br />striction, to pursue any other cultivation, in which both a<br />knowledge and money must be wanting to effect any com-<br />mon purpose; at least in the poor worn out lands in the<br />lower parts of the country, where there can only be<br />manure enough found by the poor planter to raise a crop<br />of tobacco. Adieu, with great submission.<br />EXPERIENCE.</p>
<p>Mrs. RIND,<br /><em>I solicit your kindness in giving the following a place as<br />soon as possible, which will materially oblige,</em><br />MADAM,<br />Your very humble servant,<br />A CATHOLIC CHRISTIAN.</p>
<p>CHARITY SUFFERETH LONG, AND IS KIND.</p>
<p>THE rise and multiplication of dissenters in this co-<br />lony cannot give more pain to the friends of the<br />establishment than the proceedings against them in many<br />places must give to every generous and intelligent christi-<br />an. Liberty of conscience is so indisputably a right of<br />every human being, a right of such infinite consequence<br />to the present peace and future felicity of mankind, that<br />the least invasion of it calls for the serious attention<br />of all who with well to their fellow creatures. This con-</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>sideration prompts me to offer to the public some<br />thoughts on the treatment given to our sectaries, which<br />I am rather inclined to do at the present juncture, be-<br />cause the time approaches for the meeting of our assem-<br />bly, who, I presume, will pay due regard to a matter<br />of so much importance to multitudes, whose welfare<br />they are bound, in honour and fidelity, to take care of.<br />I cannot forbear adding, that as it gives me pleasure to<br />reflect that the representative of Virginia were the first<br />in opposing political oppression, so I am encouraged to<br />hope they will not be the last in abolishing religious per-<br />secution.</p>
<p>Without enquiring whether the toleration acts be in<br />force here, or have been legally executed, which I take<br />to be very questionable, or whether the act relating to<br />the induction of ministers extends to dissenters, which<br />might be denied, without the imputation of cavilling,<br />or whether the penal statutes of parliament, enacted<br />prior to the settlement of America, and not since abro-<br />gated with our concurrence, ought to be executed here,<br />which would introduce the most horrid mischiefs and<br />barbarities; I say, without entering on these enquiries,<br />I shall proceed to consider whether any benefit can re-<br />dound to the church of England, to the civil govern-<br />ment, or to the dissenters themselves, from the punish-<br />ment of them, on account of their doctrines and worship.</p>
<p>Is it the benefit of the church of England that is to be<br />promoted by employing the civil power against dissenters?<br />I hope the church of England does not stand in need of<br /><em>carnal</em> weapons to make it flourish. I am sure the church<br />of Christ does not; and if they are the same, or if the<br />first be a part of the other, such weapons should never be<br />seen in the hands of those who would manage her cause.<br />The religion of Christ was introduced, and made its way<br />in the world, by the force of well attested truth, against<br />swords, bonds, and imprisonments: Is it to the honour<br />of the church of England to have recourse to these anti-<br />christian means of supporting herself? The church of<br />Christ has always suffered persecution; <em>for every one that<br />will live godly in Christ Jesus must suffer persecution</em> in<br />some respect or other. Will not the church of England,<br />then be subjected to the charge of apostacy, when she<br />begins to inflict persecution? And will not those who are <br />persecuted think they have one strong evidence that they<br />are on the true plan, and that their adversaries are gone<br />over to the side of the world and the flesh, since they<br />borrow and fight with their weapons?</p>
<p>Whenever violence is used where rational arguments<br />would be more proper and successful, it implies that these<br />are wanting; it will be so interpreted at least. Christians<br />have reasoned thus against Mahometans; the church of<br />England has reasoned thus against papists. She must<br />not, then, be surprized, when she adopts their practices,<br />to find her reasonings retorted; and if she gives dissent-<br />ers the same advantages over her which she had over the<br />church of Rome at her separation, is there not reason to<br />apprehend they may be employed with equal industry<br />and success?</p>
<p>The truth is, it may be said of the church of England,<br />and every other christian church, that if the purity of<br />her doctrines, the dignity of her worship, the vigour of<br />her discipline, and the good behaviour of her members,<br />do not uphold her, it is not to be done to any good pur-<br />pose by any other means whatever; and if she has these<br />advantages on her side, all other means, all exertions of<br />the civil power, are superfluous.</p>
<p>If it be pretended that the safety of government re-<br />quires that the dissenters should be proceeded against by<br />the civil magistrate, I would desire to know whether<br />they have ever made an attack on the constitution?<br />Whether they have ever been detected in plotting con-<br />spirators, or stirring up rebellion? If they have, these<br />things should be alledged against them, should be made<br />the ground of the accusation, and the reason of their<br />punishment. But they dislike the church, and the church<br />is united to the government; they must therefor dislike<br />and resist the government, because of the union. And<br />must they be punished, too, on conjecture and suspicion?<br />Let it not be forgotten that we are protestants, and have<br />renounced the Romish inqusition. Admit that they do<br />think the civil establishment of the church of England a<br />fault in the contitution, it does not follow that they<br />have the least intention or desire to injure the constituti-<br />on. Many great men, many wise and good men, have<br />thought ecclesiastical establishments unjust and hurtful,<br />and yet have lived in the most quiet submission to them,<br />and been eminent for their loyalty. Besides, can the<br />execution of a penal law rectify their mistakes, or conci<br />liate their affection? Will it not rather encrease their<br />disapprobation of a government where their peace is<br />liable to be disturbed, their possessions wasted, and their<br />bodies imprisoned by every wanton bigot, and every<br />malicious enemy?</p>
<p>It it still be insisted, that there is a tendency in religi-<br />ous dissentions to popular commotions, and that dissent-<br />ers, for that reason, ought to be dreaded and checked,<br />I would say, that if it be true that there is such a ten-<br />dency, it can be owing to nothing else than the civil</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>punishment inflicted on dissenters. Mere religion has<br />nothing to do with the powers of this world. They are<br />distinct in their nature, and should be distinguished in all<br />political regulations. Whenever religion begins to dis-<br />turb the public peace, and threaten danger to civil so-<br />ciety, as it loses its nature, it ought to be changed in its<br />name, and should be suppressed, not as religion, but<br />sedition and riot. But when men who desire to live in<br />peace and content are perplexed and assaulted by the civil<br />arm, on account of their religion, not their religion,<br />but the indiscretion of the magistrate is the cause of the<br />danger; and this danger will always be greater or less,<br />acording to the number and principles of the sufferers.<br />When the number is small, there is an incapacity, and<br />when the principles are pacific and passive, there is a<br />want of inclination, to do mischief. It may be proper<br />to observe, that we have both these securities in our pre-<br />sent circumstances. However, allowing that we had reason<br />to apprehend danger from our dissenters (which I am<br />confident we have not) I refer it to every unprejudiced<br />man, whether a rigorous treatment of them would not<br />be manifestly inexpedient, which must at once urge them<br />to and furnish them with a more specious pretext for<br />hostile projects. Disaffection in the common people to a<br />government always arises from a <em>sense</em> of oppression.<br />They do not examine the nature of the constitution;<br />they do not penetrate into secret causes, nor look for-<br />ward into distant consequences; but they know when<br />they are imposed upon; they can feel their burden and<br />their misery. The surest way, therefore, to preserve<br />tranquility, in a free state, is to avoid grievances, which<br />touch on the conscience the most <em>sensible</em> part; as the<br />most eligible way to reconcile the disaffected is to take off<br />unnecessary impositions. Violence may destroy them,<br />but lenity may win their friendship.</p>
<p>Love is the strongest cement of society, and union in<br />religious sentiments promotes love. On this considera-<br />tion, a wise magistrate might desire uniformity in reli-<br />gion. but when divisions spring up, sectaries encrease,<br />parties begin to be formed, it is wisdom then to inculcate<br />mutual charity and toleration. Opposition and force<br />irritate and inflame; forbearance softens and assuages.<br />Whenever it happens, not only that one religious party<br />is protected by the civil power, but that another is har-<br />rassed and persecuted, it begets pride, contempt, and<br />cruelty, in the first, envy, hatred, and rage, in the<br />other; passions not less injurious to private happiness than<br />national prosperity.</p>
<p>But if uniformity in religion produced love and mutual<br />attachment, and is desireable on that account, it ought<br />to be remarked, at the same time, that this sort of con-<br />nection is very slender, where there is neither opposition<br />nor emulation. Add to this, that in universal agree-<br />ment, the spirit of enquiry ceases, religion stagnates and<br />corrupts, ignorance and profligacy of manners are esta-<br />blished, and ecclesiastical governors assume unlawful and<br />unjust prerogatives, which they can best maintain over<br />ignorant and guilty consciences. On the other hand,<br />different parties in religion, where they are all tolerated,<br />and each protected from injury from the others, keep up<br />emulation, enquiry and circumspection, in morals; effects<br />surely less hurtful to christianity, and less dangerous to<br />a free state, than uniformity, ignorance, and ecclesiasti-<br />cal tyranny.</p>
<p>As the good of the whole is the end of civil society,<br />and should always be kept in view by the legislature, all<br />partial grievances should be carefully avoided, and never<br />admitted, but in cases of extreme necessity. In countries<br />where there is an ecclesiastical establishment, and some<br />who cannot conform, the enjoyment of their religion<br />will cost some more than others, by reason of the double<br />demand on them from the law and their consciences.<br />Now it will naturally be thought hard by the non-con-<br />formists, however necessary it may appear to politicians,<br />or however patiently it may be submitted to , that any<br />should be compelled to give away part of their property<br />without receiving any equivalent and perhaps to support<br />a scheme of religion, too, which they look upon to be<br />subversive ot the truth. This is certainly an inconveni-<br />ence, if it be an unavoidable one. It ought, therefore,<br />to be made as easy and light as possible, and not aggra-<br />vated by unnecessary restrictions. If the blessings of a<br />civil society, from the nature of its constitution, do not<br />flow in equal measure, on all who are equally loyal, so<br />as to procure the same degree of affection from all, po-<br />licy, not to say justice, requires that the difference should<br />be as small as will possibly consist with the welfare of the<br />whole; for the safety of a community is most established<br />when it is most the interest of every individual to support<br />it, and, without dispute, it is most the interest of every<br />individual to support it when his person, his property,<br />and his religion, are best secured from invasion, when<br />the laws leave him the free exercise of his private judg-<br />ment, and levies no tax on the conscience which acknow-<br />ledges no human jurisdiction.</p>
<p>It will appear still more imprudent to have penal laws<br />against dissenters when the difficulty and tendency of ex-<br />ecuting them is considered. To give them their proper<br />effect it must be necessary to proportion their severity,<br />not only to different offences, but to different aggrava-<br />tions of the same offence. Let us attend to the conse-<br />quence of this: A person is apprehended for preaching<br />contrary to law. He alledges, in vindication of himself,<br />the obligations of conscience, and the necessity of obeying<br />God rather than man. This does not satisfy the magis-<br />trate, who is to execute, not to make laws. The offend-<br />er must therefore be sent to gaol, where the dictates of<br />conscience still compel him to transgress the law, even<br />while under punishment for disobedience. This again<br />must be deemed insult and contempt of the law, and<br />must be treated with a higher degree of correction, which<br />will neither cool an enthusiast, nor intimidate a real<br />martyr. In short, perseverance must continue to heighten<br />the crime, and provoke still higher and higher degrees<br />of severity, till the unhappy sufferer is brought to the<br />block, the stake, or the rack. This is the natural pro-<br />gress and necessary issue. For if ever the punishment<br />stops while the offence is repeated the victory is lost, and<br />the impotence of the law must give fresh courage to the<br />offender. All who have observed the effect of imprison-<br />ment on the dissenters among us will be convinced of the<br />truth of this representation.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>It will probably be objected against this that penal<br />laws compass their end by striking terror. I answer, they<br />do so when the penalty is greater than the advantage<br />expected from the transgression of them. In religion,<br />this is not the case, and consequently the objection loses<br />its force. Infinite happiness, when the mind is fixed upon<br />it, will not be given up for any consideration whatever;<br />nor does death itself, even the most cruel death, which<br />is the utmost human power can inflict, bear any propor-<br />tion to the eternal torments apprehended from evading it<br />by apostacy. If any think that the difference between<br />the presence and the absence of objects will make up for<br />the difference between their intrinsic worth and dread-<br />fulness, I desire they would recollect, that enthusiasm,<br />as well as that <em>faith, which is the evidence of things not<br />seen,</em> always diminishes the regard for present enjoy-<br />ments, and transfers the affections to the invisible world.</p>
<p>Some may likewise object, that the present restriction<br />of dissenters under the toleration act, as regulated by the<br />general court, are too equitable to justify a request for<br />the enlargement of religious privileges. In reply to this,<br />many things might be mentioned; but instead of recount-<br />ing particular inconveniencies, which must occur to almost<br />every thinking man, I will make the two following ob-<br />servations: The act of toleration gives liberty to all who<br />properly apply for it, and are ready to perform the con-<br />ditions. I have never understood that there is any exception<br />or persons, or that the courts at home have the least au-<br />thority to refuse the benefit where it is duly claimed. The<br />case, I believe, is different in this colony. The general<br />court, if I am not misinformed, taking the authority to<br />refuse and limit according to their own pleasure, even<br />when the claimants are willing to submit to all the requi-<br />sitions of the law. If this be true, it ought to be con-<br />sidered, that, however indulgent the present gentlemen<br />in power may be, the liberty of the subject is not way se-<br />cure while it depends on the will of fallible men, or a<br />succession of fallible men. <em>To depend on the will of man</em><br />is, in truth, the very definition of slavery, and all whom<br />it includes must be destitute of true liberty; though they<br />have the good fortune to be blessed with kind masters.<br />Nothing can give perpetuity and safety to the rights of<br />the subjects but the establishment of them by law; and<br />the more particular and clear the law is the greater se-<br />curity there is to those who live under it. Obscurity and<br />uncertainty leave such a latitude of construction as ex-<br />alts the judge almost into the seat of the legislator. The<br />other observation to be made is, that the capacity of dis-<br />senters to submit to the requisitions of the toleration act<br />is purely accidental, and what, I believe, will but little<br />recommend their principles to those who are most for-<br />ward in exacting their compliance. It is notorious, that<br />there are several articles of the church generally denied<br />by both clergy and laity. Now if it should so fall out,<br />that a dissenting teacher should find exceptions against<br />those very articles, and should hold the same religious<br />sentiments with the generality of the clergy of the church,<br />his is utterly deprived of the benefit of the law, though<br />he must be deemed so deserving of it; unless, like most<br />of the gentlemen of the establishment, he will, against all<br />honesty, fidelity, and conscience, receive with his hand<br />what he rejects with his heart. Now can any law be said<br />to give a reasonable latitude to dissenters when it extends<br />only to persons of one particular set of people, and may<br />deprive multitudes of the enjoyment of their religion,<br />who are equally attached to the civil government, equal-<br />ly attached to the king, who cannot be charged with<br />the want of one civil or focal virtue, and, what is still<br />more, agree with most of the clergy in every thing which<br />any honest man could desire, in every thing except their<br />hypocritical, impious,and mercenary subscription! Or<br />it is equitable that such persons should be deprived of the<br />exercise of their functions when those of the same faith.<br />because they have less sincerity and conscience, are pro-<br />tected by law, and are rewarded with an honourable and<br />independant maintenence?</p>
<p>Though innumerable other arguments might be adduced<br />in favour of toleration, I shall confine myself to the fol-<br />lowing, as of most peculiar concernment to us. In the<br />first place, it promotes population, on which the stability<br />and security of government so much depend. Moderation<br />of government, of which toleration in religion makes a<br />very considerable part, as it attaches natives, and encour-<br />rages industry, so it must promote marriage by facilitating<br />the maintenance of families, and opening a prospect of<br />happiness of the offspring. Besides this, toleration at-<br />tracts and invites foreigners, and causes an accession of<br />arts and improvements as well as of people. It is worthy<br />of observation, likewise, that countries, where liberty of<br />conscience is most liberally granted, become the retreat<br />of the most honest and consciencious emigrators, who are<br />most sensible of its value, and most apt to be oppressed for<br />their integrity, in adhering to their religion. The power-<br />ful and populous state of Holland, which has not less<br />than five millions of inhabitants, has been attributed, by<br />all impartial judges, to the beneficial influence of tolera-<br />tion; and the present flourishing state of Pennsylvania,<br />and the great influx of people of all nations and religions,<br />manifestly shew how alluring the fruits of religious liberty<br />are to the oppressed and persecuted.</p>
<p>Virginia, in particular, would find her account in pro-<br />curing the settlement of foreigners, as it would augment<br />the proportion of free men, and lessen the danger and<br />the evil consequences of slavery. I leave this hint to be im-<br />proved by every sagacious friend to this country. Unani<br />mity and harmony among the colonies is indispensably<br />necessary for the safely and property of the whole. The<br />growing number of people, the extent of situation, dif-<br />ference in the forms of government, and variety of customs<br />and opinions, must daily render such a union and har-<br />mony more difficult. These obstructions to union must<br />likewise be when arbitrary attempts from Europe cease to<br />compel it, and unavoidable contests and national preju-<br />dices begin to banish the sense of a community of in-<br />terests. It would, therefore, be a noble precaution in<br />each provintial legislature, to frame their laws with an<br />eye to the good of the whole, and so as to preserve uni-<br />versal concord and affection. What can be more ne-<br />cessary in this view than tenderness towards dissenters?<br />We must always expect to have some of them among us,<br />who are allied, by religious profession, to many in the<br />sister colonies, and shall we caress those at a distance as</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>friends and brethren, and shall we be so inhospitable as<br />to distress those who reside among ourselves? Can any<br />thing be concieved more likely to alienate the affections<br />of the people of the other colonies than the violation of<br />the sacred rights of their christian brethren? Will they<br />think us real friends to christianity when we thus renounce<br />charity and forebearance? Will they believe us true to the<br />cause of civil liberty when we disavow religious liberty,<br />so indissolubly connected with it? In a word, can they<br />take us for true friends to dissenters abroad when we shew<br />ourselves enemies to them at home? Or can they look<br />upon us as firm friends to America when we make laws<br />that would injure so many of its inhabitants if they but<br />set their feet in our government, and worship their Maker<br />as they do at home?</p>
<p>In the last place, I proposed to consider whether any<br />benefit can accrue to the dissenters themselves from the<br />civil prosecution of them. As no one can pretend to say<br />their bodies or estates are the better for imprisonment, or<br />other punishment, the good of the soul only can be in-<br />tended. We read in scripture, it is true, of some being giv-<br />en up to Satan, that their bodies might be afflicted for the<br />saving of their souls; but to legitimate such a procedure<br />now, it ought to be proved that the officer is the Devil,<br />and the judge an apostle; points not so easy to be made<br />out.</p>
<p>I cannot persuade myself there is need of saying much<br />to disprove the doctrine that men are to be whipped out<br />of heresy, or brought into the light of the gospel by the<br />darkness of a dungeon; that their minds are to be set at<br />liberty from error by the confinement of their bodies, and<br />that truth and reason cannot make their way into the<br />understanding without the illuminating arguments of<br />violence and terror. It may be more to my purpose,<br />perhaps, to substitute the following reflection.>/p></p>
<p>The major part of the dissenters in this colony have<br />been chiefly stigmatized with enthusiasm and fanaticism.<br />It is not my intention to enquire whether they are inno-<br />cent or culpable in this particular. Even allowing the<br />reproach to be just, I take it to be very obvious that pe-<br />nal laws must be detrimental to them. All who are ac-<br />quainted with these people must know that the ruined<br />and degenerate state of human nature, and the opposition<br />between the spirit of the world and the spirit of holiness,<br />are doctrines held by them in the most strict sense, and<br />that most of their other principal doctrines are grafted<br />on these. Now I would desire every sober person to con-<br />sider whether opposition and force in the least tend to<br />eradicate such opinions, or to abate their zeal in main-<br />taining them. The reformation of the world is the end<br />of all religion and preaching, and it is natural for those<br />who undertake it to proportion their zeal and diligence<br />to their apprehension of its wickedness. Certainly then<br />it is impolitic to attempt to suppress a religion whose fun-<br />damental article must receive confirmation from the very<br />nature of the attempt. All violent endeavours against<br />them cannot fail to magnify their sense of the danger and<br />misery of their enemies, and convince them more and<br />more of the necessity of encreasing their fervour and in-<br />dustry. I cannot put a conclusion to this discourse with-<br />out expostulating a little with those who have been most<br />active in promoting the prosecution of dissenters. If any<br />of the reverend clergy are in this number, I would desire<br />to know of you, gentlemen, where you learned this doc-<br />trine of persecution for conscience sake. Your divine<br />master never taught it when on earth; his apostles never<br />gave the least countenance to it, unless it was by suffer-<br />ing patiently under it. On the contrary, does not the<br />meekness of your master, and gentleness of his doctrines,<br />continually admonish you for it? Ought not the example<br />of the apostles and primitive christians to make you<br />ashamed of your conduct? And does not the declaration<br />of the once persecuting, but then converted Paul, that<br /><em>the weapons of your warfare are not carnal, stand</em> re-<br />corded against you? Call to remembrance your noble<br />predecessors Crammer, Latimer, Hooper, Ridley, &c. and<br />learn of them to suffer, not to inflict persecution. Do<br />not forget that you owe your religion and rights of con-<br />science to the boldness of these men, in defending christi-<br />an liberty against antichristian persecutors. And can you<br />be so unjust as to deny to others the privileges purchased<br />for all protestants with the blood of such glorious mar-<br />tyrs: Will you adopt principles which must condemn<br />the founders of the church you live in, and justify those<br />who strove to demolish it? Or will you, in one breath,<br />renounce the right of others, to punish you for differ-<br />ence of judgement, and arrogate the right of punishing<br />others for difference of judgment? If a papist ask on what<br />authority you separate from the Roman communion,<br />you answer, conscience directs it, and I plead the right<br />of private judgment. If a dissenter forsake your commu-<br />nion, is he not entitled to the same right of private judg-<br />ment? You cannot be so weak as to say you contend for<br />truth and necessary reformation, but the <em>dissenters</em> are<br />running into error and fantastic refinement; for the<br />right of conscience consists in every man’s making the dis-<br />tinction for himself.</p>
<p>If I am addressing any clergyman who have come over<br />to the church of England from some other protestant<br />church, I confess myself at a loss of what to say to you.<br />The inconsistency, baseness, and inhumanity, of your<br />conduct, is beyond expression; nor is it possible to assign<br />a palliating excuse for you. You cannot plead igno-<br />rance; for yourselves have used the right of private<br />judgment when you changed your religion. You cannot<br />plead the prejudices of custom and education; for you<br />disclaimed these when you became converts to the church<br />of England. To say the truth, there appears but too<br />much room to suspect that you have been governed neither<br />by ignorance nor a mistaken zeal for religion, neither by<br />prepossession nor any thing else than a hope that the put-<br />ting a stop to dissention and enquiry would enable you<br />the more quietly to enjoy those secular emoluments which<br />you have prostituted your consciences to obtain.</p>
<p>As for such laymen as disply their heroism in distress-<br />ing their fellow subjects on account of their opinions and<br />practices in religion, I should be glad to know whether<br />they intend the honour and maintenance of the laws, or<br />the advancement of christianity. If they intend the first,<br />I would ask why their public spirit is not equally affected<br />at the other laws that are daily infringed? Gaming,<br />swearing, drunkenness, and travelling on the sabbath,</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 3</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>are as strictly forbidden by the law as preaching and<br />praying, and, I presume, not less injurious to civil so-<br />ciety.</p>
<p>If they pretend religion for what they do, it is natural<br />to enquire whether they are equally consciencious in ex-<br />tirpating wickedness and irreligion of every kind. But<br />is there any evidence of this? Are they more concerned<br />at the contempt of the laws of God, and more circum-<br />spect in their christian behaviour, than others around<br />them? Do they shew themselves on all occasions the pro-<br />moters of virture and piety, and distinguish themselves<br />by their zeal in abolishing licentious customs? Let their<br />friends and neighbours say whether they are faithful in<br />reproving their offending brethren, and inculcating the<br />meekness sobriety, and charity, enjoined by the laws of<br />Christ. Let their families say whether they are careful<br />in setting good examples at home, in worshipping their<br />Maker, in instructing their children and servants, and<br />in studying the sacred scriptures; and let their own hearts<br />say whether they are doing as they would be done by,<br />and as becomes one human being to do by another.</p>
<p>I would further ask these men of violence whether they<br />are influenced in what they do by a rational approbation<br />of the articles and discipline of the church? If they an-<br />swer in the affirmative, it may be justly demanded why<br />they do not employ some of their zeal against the clergy,<br />who notoriously neglect and deviate from them? But if<br />they do not cordially approve of the doctrines of the<br />church, let every candid man determine whether they be<br />not in fact dissenters themselves; and is it not egregious<br />injustice and inhumanity to refuse to others the liberty<br />they secretly assume to themselves?</p>
<p>When these pretended friends to the government and<br />public religion come to be tried in such a way as this,<br />every man of judgment must perceive that they are either<br />infatuated bigots, or contemners of all real goodness;<br />who being destitute of all care of their immortal part,<br />and insensibly of the value of the sacred rights of con-<br />science, think little of the crime and cruelty of denying<br />them to others.</p>
<p>A CATHOLIC CHRISTIAN.</p>
<p>Mrs. RIND,<br /><em>Please to insert the following QUERIES in your next gazette.</em></p>
<p>1. WHETHER the absolute power given by the<br />militia law to the lieutenant of every county<br />to appoint all the officers under him is not productive of<br />too great influence?</p>
<p>2. Whether this influence does not extend to the<br />men under these officers command? Whether the people<br />can then be free, or whether they are not in some degree<br />of slavery?</p>
<p>3. Whether the absolute exercise of this power in<br />the lieutenant is not the principal cause of that indiffer-<br />ence and ignorance of the military discipline too often<br />seen in many of the officers in our militia, while merit<br />and qualification are quite disregarded?</p>
<p>4. Whether the legislature would not more effectually<br />remove this error if the several officers, to supply vacan-<br />cies, or to command new companies, were to be chosen<br />by, and in the court martials respectively, or the major<br />part of them then present, with the same reason that<br />magistrates and vestrymen are to be chosen by a majority?</p>
<p>BOSTON, <em>April 18.</em></p>
<p><em>A LETTER from St. Croix, dated March 14, says:<br />”To complete the ruin of this island, we have a<br />stampact, which has just taken place, and is perhaps the<br />most oppressive order ever imposed, even in oppressive govern-<br />ments. Every man in common business is obliged ot use stamp<br />paper. A running account is forfeited if on common paper,<br />and the party rendering it severely fined; receipts are not<br />valid unless stamped; paper for obligations are excessive<br />high, some sheets costing 200 piece of eight; a sheet for a<br />bill of sale is four pieces of eight, for an account four ryals.<br />At this rate the country will soon lose all the English in-<br />habitants; for no true Englishman will ever live under<br />such oppression. These stamps are not all we are to expect;<br />a few months will convince us that the expences of that kind<br />of paper will be trivial to other burthens and taxes we shall<br />be made to pay, such as a heavy poll tax on the white people.<br />All dry goods are, and must, be stamped, and such as are<br />not must be forfeited; also an additional duty on produce is<br />expected. These are great hardships on the continent, as<br />well as us here; and I do not know what way to bring our<br />tyrants to reason, but by your with-holding your trade from<br />us one year. I believe the inhabitants would suffer a tem-<br />porary inconvenience for a lasting establishment, on a good<br />footing; for by a stagnation of trade from America, even<br />for a few months, little or no money would go into the king’s<br />treasury, and then our governor would see the dependence<br />of this island was on the continent both for the means of<br />sustenance and money.”</em></p>
<p>PHILADELPHIA, <em>April 27.</em></p>
<p>By captain Hindson, in a short passage from Jamaica,<br />we learn, that a few days before he sailed captain Mor-<br />gan arrived there from the Downs, who on his passage<br />spoke the Mercury Packet, captain Sharpe, from Ben-<br />gal and Madrass for London, dispatched home with the<br />very important news of the city of Tanjour being taken<br />by the East India company’s troops, under the command<br />of general Spencer, who made the king prisoner, and<br />that the city, with the king, was agreed to be ransomed;<br />also that another province in India, taken by the compa-<br />ny’s troops, previous to the capture of Tanjour, had been<br />disposed of for 1400,000£.600,000£. of which was then on<br />board the said packet, as a remittance to the company.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from</em> London, <em>dated</em> February 18.<br />”Six ships of war and seven regiments, are ordered<br />for America with all expedition; for what purpose time<br />must discover. The premier is much perplexed, on ac-<br />count of the behaviour of the Bostonians; and Great<br />Britain is determined to enforce due obedience to her<br />laws, as the mother country. The letters sent to Boston<br />by Dr. Franklin have made great noise here, and he has<br />been roughly handled by the ministry for the same; but<br />it is pretty well known, with us, that the said letters were<br />given by Mr. Whateley to the late honourable George<br />Grenville, at whose death they fell into the hands of lord<br />Temple, who gave them to the honourable Mr. Fitzher-<br />bert, and they were by that gentleman to Dr. Franklin.”</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, MAY 12.<,br>Extract of a letter from a gentleman of character in<br />Dumfries to his friend in this city.</p>
<p><em>”The frost and snow, on Wednesday and Thursday morn-<br />ing, have made great havock with the tobacco plants, and<br />almost every thing that is growing. It is the general opi-<br />nion that what plants are left the fly will destroy. But<br />what is still more alarming, the wheat fields are in gene-<br />ral destroyed. This was not discovered till Friday. On<br />Saturday morning, when this news came to Dumfries, it<br />was not believed; but the accounts coming in from every<br />quarter, confirming it, shewed such a melancholy counte-<br />nance in the face of every person, that it is more easily<br />understood than described. I can with certainty inform<br />you that, to appearance, our wheat on the river and creeks<br />is greatly hurt. Judge you for the frontiers, and our<br />northern brethren. It is reported in Dumfries that Mr.<br />Whiting, and several of the farmers above, have opened<br />their wheat fields for pasturage.”</em></p>
<p>By an express, just arrived from Fincastle county, we<br />are informed, that very lately three or four skirmishes<br />happened between the white people and the Shawanese<br />Indians. We cannot affirm what occasioned the dispute,<br />but are told that one of the white men had taken some<br />small matter from the Indians, which irritated them to<br />arms; but were soon repelled by the other party, who<br />killed eleven of them, seven of which they scalped. Ano-<br />ther of the Indians was terribly wounded in the groin,<br />and it was imagined, when this express came away, that<br />he could not possibly recover.</p>
<p>The Brilliant, Miller, and Martin, Clark, from Lon-<br />don, the York, Rose, and ______, Benton, from White-<br />haven, are arrived in York river; and the Donald,<br />Ramsay, from Glasgow, in James river.</p>
<p>RALEIGH and ACADEMICUS could not possibly<br />appear in this paper; but will certainly have places in<br />our next. We should also have complied with HOB’S re-<br />quest had room permitted. We acknowledge the receipt<br />of two or three other pieces, which have met with our<br />approbation, and shall speedily be attended to.</p>
<p>Just imported from London, and to be disposed of by the<br />subscriber, at a low advance, for ready money only,<br />A NEAT and elegant assortment of MILLINERY,<br />JEWELLERY, and other GOODS, which are<br />exceeding well chose, and in the newest taste, viz. Patent,<br />nett, and blond lace hoods, rich suits of ditto, puffs,<br />whims, fancy, true Italian, and gauze caps, ditto nosegay<br />and breast flowers, sultains, egrets, fillets, baves, plumes,<br />minionet lace, blond ditto, and thread edging, gentle-<br />mens laced ruffles, ladies tupees and French curles, blue,<br />black, and white ostrich feathers, riding hats, suitable<br />gloves to ditto, Jacob’s ladder, velvet collars, locket,<br />crown taste, and a great variety of other ribbands, true<br />Italian, lace, ribband, fancy, and silver stomachers, silver<br />corals and bells, plain and set combs, paste buckles,<br />bows and soletaires, various kinds of sprig and paste pins,<br />blue agate set round with marcasite, pinch wax, real gar-<br />net and mock, paste, white wax and wax pearl necklaces<br />and earrings, cluster, garnet, plain gold, and marcasite<br />lockets and crosses, black pins, earring and stay hooks,<br />paste ditto, gold bands, buttons, and loops, watch strings,<br />keys, seals, and trinkets, smelling bottles, tortoiseshell dan-<br />dy prats, pocketbooks with instruments, fine India cot-<br />ton thread, floss, and sewing silk, green silk purses,<br />needles, pins, bobbins and tapes, single and double black<br />pins, curing tongues, and hair powder, patent, ribbed,<br />and white China hose, fine cotton and thread ditto, Dids-<br />bury’s shoes, Gresham’s pumps, pink, blue, and white<br />sattin ditto, pink, blue, and white sattin quilts, black<br />ruffell ditto, beautiful wedding and French mounted<br />fans, second mourning, black, and common ditto, rich<br />white flowered and plain lustring, shot and striped ditto,<br />plain and striped taffeties, India chintzes and calllicoes,<br />fine Irish linen, superfine India dimity, black bombazeen,<br />grained kid, lamb, silk gloves and mits, boys caps and<br />feathers, chipped cane hats, bonnets, and cloaks,<br />book and thick muflins, cambricks, lawns, white and<br />black gauzes, catgut and queen’s nett book muslin and<br />lawns, needle worked aprons, black, white and coloured<br />flowered casting handkerchiefs, muslin lawn, gauze,<br />and checkered ditto, rich sword suits, undressed dolls, very<br />nice brass mounted trucks, either for chariot or chaise;<br />and a multiplicity of other articles, too tedious to enu-<br />merate. M. DICKERSON.</p>
<p>N. B. She returns those gentlemen and ladies, who<br />have favoured her with their custom, her most cordial<br />thanks; particularly her good friends in the country;<br />and as it shall ever be her study to give satisfaction, they<br />may rely on their orders being attended to with the<br />strictest care, by their much obliged, and very humble<br />servant, M. D.</p>
<p>PURSUANT to a decree of the honourable the gene-<br />ral court will be sold, for ready money, at Hamp-<br />shire courthouse, on the second Tuesday in June next,<br />three tracts of LAND, of 500 acres each, in the said<br />county of Hampshire, on George Andis’s mill run, and<br />adjoining the lands of Henry Heath, the property of the<br />late Mr. Joseph Watson, deceased, and by him mort-<br />gaged to Mr. Garret Meade of Philadelphia, who has<br />obtained a decree for a sale to satisfy his demand. A<br />conveyance, with special warranty, will be made the pur-<br />chaser by The SHERIFF of HAMPSIRE.<br />*** These lands were formerly advertised in this paper<br />for sale, and prevented by bad weather, but will now be<br />sold without fail.</p>
<p>DUMFRIES, May 2, 1774.<br />The members of the Dumfries jockey club are de-<br />sired to meet here on Saturday the 11th of June,<br />to settle the time of the races. Such members as cannot<br />conveniently attend, and want to fix them at any parti-<br />cular time, will please to signify the same by letter to<br />me, and their respective proposals shall be laid before the<br />club. 3 RICHARD GRAHAM.</p>
<p>To be SOLD in Brunswick, on the Great Creek,<br />SEVEN hundred and thirty acres of land, most part<br />of which is good for tobacco. There are several <br />improvements on it, as to buildings, a good orchard, &c.<br />Any person inclinable to purchase may know the terms<br />by applying to the subscriber, on the premises.<br />3 JOHN HOGWOOD.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>ALL persons indebted to the estate of Richard Kel-<br />sick, deceased, of the borough of Norfolk, are<br />requested to make immediate payment; and those who<br />have any demands against the said estate, are desired to<br />make them know to<br />JOSEPH HUTCHINGS, Executor.</p>
<p>WHEREAS it has been reported by some ill disposed<br />person or persons, and that in the most virulent<br />and sarcastic terms, which is commonly the case of<br />malevolents, with a determined resolution it should<br />reach the ears of every one, and was consequently propa-<br />gated by some or other of the vicious race of mortals,<br />who delight in nothing better than backbiting their neigh-<br />bours, that I the subscriber hereof have been guilty of<br />using too much familiarity amongst my scholars, and<br />thereby rendered them disobedient, so that it could not<br />possibly be expected they would profit much in coming to<br />me: In vindication of that notorious falsity, and for the<br />clearer proof to that species of unenlightened being, or<br />beings, I do entreat him, or them, to repair to my<br />school room, at Mr. Robert Jackson’s, whensoever it shall<br />suit, and should he or they be disposed to believe his, or<br />their own eyes, I can flatter myself to be capable of shew-<br />ing them as well disciplined a school as any in the city of<br />Williamsburg; and in order to prevent any the like dis-<br />turbances for the future amongst my benevolent and kind<br />wellwishers, or friends, who informed me of this unjust<br />charge, he or they shall receive as severe a reprimand as<br />can be offered by his or their humble servant.<br />B. LE PETIT.</p>
<p>WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second-<br />hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight<br />each. Any person having such for sale are desired to<br />make their terms know to the subscriber in Norfolk.<br />t.f. BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>A COCK MATCH,<br />TO be fought on Whitsuntide Monday, at Mr. Har-<br />dyman Dancy’s (or better known by the name of<br />Eggmond’s Ordinary) between the gentlemen of the up-<br />per and lower ends of Charles city. To shew 20 cocks<br />for 3£. the odd one. There will be a<br />ball in the evening for the ladies.</p>
<p>ON Wednesday the 14th of April last ran away from<br />the subscriber, in Westmoreland county, Thomas<br />Puttrell, an indented white servant man, by trade a<br />butcher, but understands gardening and farming, and<br />says he is acquainted with the business of a bricklayer<br />and plaisterer. This is the third time of his running<br />away, and when he went off before he was near two<br />months in the neighbourhood of Richmond town, and<br />lived with one Isaac Parker, and probably may be in that<br />part of the country now. In July last he was taken up<br />in Bedford county. He is a trunchy well made man, of<br />a fair complexion, has hazle eyes, brown hair, which<br />curls in his neck, is round faced, has very white teeth,<br />which he shews when he speaks or grins, and speaks<br />sharp and quick. He has the common apparel of ser-<br />vants, and he has a forged pass, signed by James Mose-<br />ley, master of the schooner Nancy, discharged from Alex-<br />andria, and is called a native of old Nansemond town in<br />Virginia. There went off with the said Thomas Puttrell<br />an indented white servant man belonging to Thomas<br />Attwell of Westmoreland, who has likewise a forged<br />pass, signed by the same James Moseley, and is therein<br />called John Underwood, although his right name is Ed-<br />ward Duberg. He is a slim, well made man, near six<br />feet high, and a sailor, and has been in Spain, Portugal,<br />and France. He says he was brought up at Cambridge,<br />and pretends to understand Latin, French, Spanish,<br />Portuguese, and Dutch. He came in the Success’s In-<br />crease, captain Curtis, into Rappahanpock, and was sold<br />for a schoolmaster. He robbed one Mrs. Hume of about<br />20£. worth of wearing apparel, among which were some<br />jewellery, caps, aprons, handkerchiefs, &c. which he<br />and Puttrell sold as they went along. The above servants<br />were seen on their way to Gloucester town, between<br />York and Rappahannock, and it is supposed they will<br />pass for sailors, and go to Norfolk, or make for Caro-<br />lina. Whoever apprehends them, so as they be delivered<br />to their masters, shall have a reward of FOUR POUNDS<br />for each, besides what the law allows.RICHARD LEE,<br />THOMAS ATTWELL.</p>
<p>FIVE POUNDS REWARD.<br />RUN away from my plantation near this place, last<br />night, two servant men, named George and John<br />Allen, very lately imported in the Justitia, consigned to<br />Mr. Thomas Hodge, at Leeds town. George is a likely<br />young fellow, about 25 years of age, 5 feet 10 or 11<br />inches high, stoops much, and is remarkably round<br />shouldered; had on when he went away a dark coloured<br />bearskin jacket and breeches, and a small round hat<br />with a black ribband and buckle. John is brother to<br />George, slender made, and two inches under his size;<br />had on the same sort of clothes, only a pair of old shoes<br />cut open at the toes. Any person who will apprehend<br />the said servants, and secure them so that I may get<br />them, shall be entitled to the above reward; and all per-<br />sons are hereby forewarned, as they may probably pre-<br />tend to pass for sailors, from carrying them out of the<br />country. THOMAS MONTGOMERIE.<br />Dumfries, April 25.</p>
<p>STOLEN from the subscriber’s door on Saturday<br />night the 7th instant (May) a dark brown bay horse,<br />with saddle and bridle on, about 15 hands high, nine<br />years old, trots and gallops, is a little touched in his<br />wind, had a long bob tail and hanging mane, and no<br />perceivable brand. Whoever brings the said horse to<br />me shall receive TWENTY SHILLINGS reward, and<br />FIVE POUNDS on conviction of the thief.<br />JOHN DRAPER.<br />Williamsburg, May 10, 1774.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Buckingham, a small bay mare,<br />with three white feet, has a small star in her fore-<br />head, grey hairs in her tail and mane, docked, but no<br />perceivable brand, about 2 or 3 years old, about 4 feet<br />1 inch high, and is very gentle. Posted, and appraised<br />to 3£. 10s. * ISAAC CHASTIN.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, a small dark iron grey mare colt, about<br />2 years old, has a long tail, and is branded on the<br />ear buttock, as well as I can make out, 0I. Posted,<br />d appraised to 2£. 5s. JOHN BRUIN.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em>FOR CHARTER,<br /></em>THE ship Caesar, William Wetherald, master, bur-<br />then about 450 hogsheads of tobacco, now lies at<br />Norfolk, and has made but one voyage. Apply to said<br />master. tf GREENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH.<br />*** On board of said ship is a quantity of Whitehaven<br />COAL, of the best quality, which will be sold very<br />cheap. Apply to Mr. Joseph Kidd, in Williamsburg.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,<br />A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none<br />of the land having been cleared above six years,<br />with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500<br />acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good<br />that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with-<br />out dung. I have made on this plantation above three<br />thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very<br />healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies<br />in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-<br />mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and Mayo<br />creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near<br />to Petersburg by water, and last month, in the dry wea-<br />ther, two canoe loads of wheat were carried near to<br />Petersburg, and the canoes brought back; they were<br />loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt<br />but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the<br />expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &c. will be trifling.<br />Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce<br />of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not<br />know any better high land in the colony. This tract of<br />land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I<br />do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on<br />Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat<br />in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage-<br />ous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 126<br />acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles<br />from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the<br />quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small<br />plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is<br />good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any<br />person who viewed either of the above tracts of land<br />would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither<br />of these tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever.<br />A reasonable time of payment will be allowed.<br />tf ANTHONY WINSTON.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, on the premises, to the highest bidder,<br />on Monday the 25th of July, pursuant to the will of<br />William Anderson, deceased,<br />A TRACT of LAND containing 394 acres, on<br />Blackwater Swamp, in Surry, within 8 or 9 miles<br />of Cabin Point. The land is of a very good quality,<br />and well timbered. There are no improvements, and<br />not above two or three acres cultivated. One third of<br />the purchase money to be paid on the day of sale, and<br />twelve months credit will be allowed for the other two<br />thirds, on giving bond, with approved security, to<br />2 The ADMINISTRATORS.</p>
CAROLINE county, April 30, 1774.<br />AS I intend soon to remove to North Carolina, I<br />shall be glad that every person who thinks he has<br />a claim against me would make it known. Those that<br />are indebted to me, by account, are desired to settle the<br />same. Mr. John Taylor, of this county, will finish the<br />suits I am engaged in; and any payments made to him<br />for me will be allowed.<br />2 JOHN PENN.
<p>RUN away on the 20th of April last, from the sloop<br />FRIENDSHIP, William Johnston Rysam, master,<br />lying at Yorktown, MINGO, a stout well made black<br />negro fellow, of a down cast look, limps on one side,<br />Virginia born, and about 35 years old, has been used to<br />plantation work and going by water. Whoever will deliver<br />him to William Reynolds, esquire, at York, John Perrin,<br />esquire, of Gloucester, or the subscriber, at Norfolk,<br />shall have THRITY SHILLINGS reward, besides what<br />the law allows. 3 MATTHEW PHRIPP</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, on the 1st instant<br />(May) a servant man named John Mason, of a<br />dark complexion, short dark hair, about 5 feet 10 inches<br />high, has lately had a cut over one of his eyes, supposed<br />to be the left, and is by trade a perukemaker; had on a<br />dark blue coat, striped waistcoat, white breeches, and<br />pale blue stockings. Whoever secures the said servant,<br />so that I get him again, shall receive 40s. and if delivered<br />to me in Norfolk, 3£. DAVID REYNOLDS.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Fincastle, a black mare, about seven<br />years old, branded on the near shoulder A, with<br />4 white feet, and a blaze in her face, paces, is hipshot,<br />and about 13 hands 3 inches high. Posted, and ap-<br />praised to 7£. JAMES DAVIS.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Fincastle, a sorrel horse, 4 years old,<br />13 hands and an inch high, with a white mane and<br />tail, his fore legs from the knees down almost white, and<br />the hoofs of his fore feet twist in wards, has a star in his<br />forehead, a small snip on his nose, branded on the near<br />jaw T, and has a bell on, with a leather collar and dou-<br />ble buckle. Posted, and appraises to 4£. 5s.<br />* THOMAS MONTGOMERY.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Lunenburg, a bay horse, about 9<br />years old, branded on the near buttock SH, and<br />about 4 feet 10 inches high. Posted, and appraised to<br />12£. + BENJAMIN CLARKE.</p>
<p>TAKEN up in Lunenburg, a small roan sorrel<br />mare, about 4 feet 1 inch high, branded on the<br />near shoulder and buttock פ, has a large blaze in her<br />face, her two hind feet white up to her hams, appears<br />to be about 10 or 12 years old, with a hanging mane<br />and switch tail. Posted, and appraised to 3&pound. 10s.<br />+ NICHOLAS HOBSON.</p>
<p><em>THIS DAY WAS PUBLISHED,<em><br />A CANDID refutation of the heresy imputed by<br /><em>ro. C. Nicholas,</em> esquire, to the reverend <em>S. Hen-<br />ley.</em> SOLD at both printing offices. <em>Price</em> 2s. 6d.</em></em></p>
<p>WHEREAS Mr. Kemp Plummer, and Mr. William<br />Plummer, junior, have conveyed away ten NE-<br />GROES, belonging to the estate of major Kemp Plum-<br />mer, deceased, consisting of men, women, and children,<br />which said negroes they have no right to, this is to<br />forewarn the public from purchasing any of them.<br />GEORGE W. PLUMMER, executor.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>Fincastle county, to wit,<br />GEORGE the third, by the grace of God, of Great<br />Britain, France, and Ireland, king, defender of<br />the faith, &c. To the sheriff of Fincastle county, greet-<br />ing: We command you that you summon Francis Wil-<br />ley, an infant under the age of twenty one years, son<br />and heir of James Willey deceased, to appear before our<br />justices of our court of our said county, at the courthouse,<br />on the first Tuesday in next month, to answer a bill in<br />chancery, exhibited against him by William Calhoon;<br />and this he shall in now wise omit, under the penalty of<br />100£. and have then there this writ. Witness John Byrd,<br />clerk of our said court, this 9th day of June, in the 13th<br />year of our reign. * JOHN BYRD.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />A UALUABLE tract of land, lying in the lower end<br />of Amherst county, on James river, containing<br />upwards of 1000 acres, nearly adjoining the lands of<br />Doctor William Cabell, running near three miles on<br />the river, with an island adjacent, containing between<br />30 and 40 acres, to be sold with or without the said<br />tract. There is a plantation hereon in good order for<br />cropping, and sufficient for 10 or 12 hands; also a white<br />shad fishery, and a remarkable natural fishpond, with a<br />plenty of limestone for building. Any person in-<br />clinable to purchase may know the terms by applying to<br />the subscriber, in Henrico, who is one of the trustees of<br />Mr. John Howard. 3 THOMAS PROSSER.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, by the subscriber, at Stafford courthouse,<br />on the 2d Monday in June next, if fair, otherwise the<br />first fair day,<br />THREE tracts of land, adjoining each other, and<br />lying in Stafford county, on Potowmack creek;<br />on one of which is a very commodious tavern, and other<br />necessary houses, garden, &c. within a few yards of the<br />courthouse. The situation is very advantageous for a <br />publican’s business, and remarkable for fish and fowl.<br />Fifteen acres of the land were laid down in timothy about<br />four years ago, and there are near 40 acres of marsh,<br />which might be easily reclaimed, and at a small expense.<br />Terms will be made known on the day of sale.<br />5 GEORGE DENT, junior.</p>
<p>FOR sale, by the subscriber in Hanover town, at a <br />low advance, for ready money, or on short credit,<br />GERMAN OZNABRIGS, ROLLS, and several bales<br />of RUSSIA DRILLING. 3 THOMAS SIMPSON.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, April 26, 1774.<br />THE subscriber being under a necessity of returning<br />to England the ensuing summer, will sell off his<br />remaining STOCK of GOODS at a low advance to a<br />wholesale purchaser; and desires all persons indebted to<br />him to pay off their respective balances immediately, that<br />his affairs may be properly adjusted before his departure.<br />3* GEORGE PITT.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.<br />NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels<br />will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000<br />tons of stone from Mr. Brooke’s quarry, on Rappahan-<br />nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light-<br />house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work<br />are desired to treat with Mathew Phripp, Paul Loyall,<br />and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors<br />of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or<br />two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burthen.<br />tf BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, in Suffex, the 16th<br />of February last, a negro man named JAMES,<br />about 22 years of age, of a yellowish complexion, 5 feet<br />2 or 3 inbces high; had on, and took with him, an old<br />hat, a fearnought jacket of a purple colour, a mixed<br />yarn jacket without sleeves, and something longer than<br />the other, a striped Virginia cloth shirt, with the six white<br />ones, and two of blue, negro cotton breeches, with a<br />green streak across the fore parts, a pair of old shoes,<br />and negro cotton boots. Any person that will bring the<br />said slave to the subscriber shall have five pounds, if<br />taken out of the colony, and forty shillings if taken in<br />Virginia. 3 THOMAS HUSON.</p>
<p>COMMITTED to the gaol of Charles City, on<br />Saturday the 16th instant (April) a lusty negro<br />woman, who says her name is Peggy Wilson, 5 feet 7<br />inches high, formerly belonged to one Richard Hunt, on<br />Roanoke, by him sold to David Taylor, of York county,<br />and purchased of said Taylor by one Peyton, for the<br />use of Mr. John Tabb, in Amelia. The owner is desired<br />to pay charges, and take her away.<br />3 STITH GREGORY, gaoler.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Cumberland, near the lower bridge,<br />on Williss’s creek, a bright bay mare, about 4 feet<br />6 inches high, supposed to be 3 or 4 years old, not dock-<br />ed, both hind feet white, has a few white hairs in her<br />forehead, and branded : on the near buttock. Posted,<br />and appraised to 9£. * DRURY WOODSON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />A VALUABLE tract of LAND in Kingston parish,<br />Gloucester county, containing 500 acres, lying on<br />a large creek which makes out of East river, a fine place<br />for fish and oysters; there is land cleared sufficient for six<br />hands, an overseer’s house and other out buildings; the<br />uncleared land abounds with a great quantity of white<br />oak and pine timber, the timber supposed, by good<br />judges, to be worth 1000£.<br />*3 WILLIAM PLUMMER.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG. <em>April, 20, 1774.</em><br />BY <em>order of his Excellency in council, I hereby give<br />notice to all concerned, that those officers and soldiers<br />who served in the late war as RANGERS, or as part<br />of the militia, will not, as such, be allowed, in future,<br />any land under his Majesty’s proclamation in OCTOBER<br />1763; but those only who were either in the regular<br />service, or else in some provincial regiment.</em> <br />JOHN BLAIR, Cl. Con.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, and to be seen in Williamsburg, from<br />the first of May and for some time after, the high<br />blooded horse MASTER STEPHEN; he is young,<br />strong, and large, has a good bottom, and runs fast.<br />Whoever may be inclinable to know his pedigree, or to<br />see him, may be satisfied by applying to Philip L. Lee,<br />at his house in Williamsburg. 3</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />And to be ENTERED upon at CHRISTMAS next,<br />A VERY valuable tract of LAND in King William<br />county, on Pamunkey river, adjoining the land of<br />the late Mr. John Smith, of Hanover county, deceased,<br />containing 800 acres, more or less, the soil is very rich,<br />and exceedingly well adapted for wheat, corn or tobacco,<br />particularly the first and second, being low grounds;<br />and there is a considerable quantity of high grounds.<br />It has plenty of good pine and oak timber upon it, con-<br />venient houses, and is in good order for cropping, is<br />about two miles from Hanover town, and very convenient<br />to church and two mills. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may be shewn the land by applying to Mr. Christo-<br />pher Taliaferro, or Mr. William Jones, who resides near<br />the same and the terms may be also known by applying<br />to these gentlemen, or to the subscriber.<br />t f THOMAS JONES.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, at Goochland court-<br />house, on Monday the 20th of June, being court day,<br />A TRACT of rich, well timbered LAND, lying<br />opposite to Elk Island, in Goochland county, be-<br />longing to the estate of Mr. John Smith, deceased, con-<br />taining 2000 acres, which will be put up in four separate<br />lots. Likewise a tract containing between 3 and 400<br />acres, lying on both sides of the Little Bird creek, near<br />the head thereof, in the aforesaid county. Those lands<br />having been fully described in a former advertisement<br />renders it unnecessary here. The time of payment will<br />be made known on the day of sale, and bonds, with good<br />security, required of the purchasers.<br />9 WILLIAM ANDERSON, executor.<br />*** The purchasers at the different sales of the negroes<br />and personal estate of Joseph and John Smith, deceased,<br />are desired to take notice, that their bonds will in a very<br />short time become payable, and that no indulgence can<br />or will be allowed to any person. I shall constantly at-<br />tend at the county courts of Henrico and Hanover, and<br />the meeting of merchants in Williamsburg, in order to<br />receive payment. Those who have open accounts on<br />the books of John Smith, deceased, are once more re-<br />quested to come and settle.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in King and Queen county, a sorrel<br />horse, about 4 feet 7 inches high, appears to be<br />about 5 years old, has a snip on his nose, no brand per-<br />ceivable, trots and gallops, and appraised to 12£.<br />* MARY ANDERSON.</p>
<p><em>The noted swift</em> HORSE<br />TRISTRAM SHANDY,<br /><em>(now, perhaps, the fattest horse in</em> VIRGINIA)<br />STANDS at my house, in the lower end of Caroline<br />county, and covers mares this season at 2£. 10s.<br />good pastureage gratis, and great care taken of the mares,<br />but will not be answerable for any that may get away.<br />TRISTRAM SHANDY was got by Morton’s Traveller,<br />his dam by Janus, out a very fine English mare.<br />5 JAMES UPSHAW.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, together or in parcels,<br />THAT fertile and well timbered tract of LAND,<br />lying in Princess Anne county, known by the name<br />of GIBBS’S WOODS, whereon are several settlements,<br />and whereof Jeremiah Tinker, esquire, grandson of the<br />late governor Gibbs now stands seized, under the deed<br />of gift of his mother, the daughter and heiress of the<br />said governor Gibbs. Persons inclining to purchase may<br />be informed of the terms by applying to Mr. James<br />Parker, merchant in Norfolk, or to Edward Foy, in<br />Williamsburg, who will give an undoubted title. tf</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, MARCH 1, 1774.<br />THE <em>several sheriffs in arrear for his Majesty’s<br />quitrents are requested to make full payment at the<br />ensuing</em> April <em>court; and as it is my duty to enforce a<br />speedy collection of this revenue, it is hoped that those<br />against whom judgments have been already obtained will<br />attend to this notice.</em><br />RICHARD CORBIN, D. R. G.</p>
<p><em>For</em> WHITEHAVEN,<br />THE ship OLIVE, Captain William Barrass, lies<br />at Broadways, on Appomattox, will sail early in<br />April, having three fourths of her cargo engaged can<br />take in about one hundred hogsheads of tobacco, on<br />liberty of consignment. For terms apply to Mr. Bolling<br />Stark, in Petersburg, or us at Norfolk.<br />GREENWOOD, RIUTSON, & MARSH.</p>
<p><em>KING HEROD</em><br />STANDS at Rosegill, and will cover mares at FOUR<br />POUNDS the season. Those who send mares must<br />send the money, otherwise they shall not be left. The<br />valuable qualities, and the pedigree, of this horse, are<br />sufficiently notorious.<br />RALPH WORMELEY, junior.</p>
<p>GODOLPHIN,<br />A FULL blooded horse, by FRARNOUGHT, out of<br />an imported mare, will stand this season at Mr.<br />Richard Taylor’s, near Petersburg, to cover mares, at<br />TWENTY SHILLINGS the leap, or THREE<br />POUNDS the season, payable in October next. Those<br />gentlemen who are inclined to send mares may be assured<br />that the greatest care will be taken of them; but I will<br />not be answerable for any that shall get away.<br />GEORGE BAYLOR.</p>
<p>ESSEX county, April 2, 1774.<br />IN consequence of the death of Mr. James Campbell of<br />Essex, who was acting attorney for Messieures John,<br />William, and James M’Call, M’Call and Elliott, and<br />M’Call, Elliott, and Snodgrass, in the business formerly<br />under the management of Mr. William Snodgrass, we<br />have received from his executors the books and papers of<br />said companies, and have put them into the hands of Mr.<br />James Gordon to collect. We therefore earnestly request<br />all indebted to those concerns to pay off immediately, as<br />no further indulgence can be given. Mr. James Gordon<br />will reside in Tappahannock, and will attend Essex,<br />Middlesex, Gloucester, and King and Queen courts.<br />ARCHIBALD M’CALL,<br />JOHN SNODGRASS.<br />6</p>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2019.13
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia gazette. Number 418, Thursday May 12, 1774
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-05-12
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/76a70dda8d1ebb6469725c800356d01e.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=hKeVrFoK3OH2r2-8ugh8b5syUK8NJkROpz5Exlt9N9y5iJM1NH%7Enz-iQ109bk60Pu3PdP5GA4H-y-z%7EkNsaBD9A940ar0wrAgBhhTTpH9dU1pQU3XbG9GtuL2FbCQvb01VwSQE3MXaSzYgSY-A66jl2WPUhjdY%7EWuq1D-d4T8Vu%7E2zOTfBdMR-LcIYlqKok5RdI5mAmhgVlpU3u%7E6SffvA26vYdI1XPg3E00D4d2dulmwfDh81t1FhIUl4-vxd8gEaML46VmwxgJ1iYS3C358e2kSMy0XJH5DAlqq5Z1MTocxQqnuD6hHgBS-iWqVwjCvw6k874rSL59yJjDbyoiXA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
a9a9765ca965e8145b0f73d09d88277a
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/7d1d3f08a118df1ac314533495c99679.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=j70jgaGDsSjzAW7Pg8Yxa5jbY45DKANbsWSPDsCveacC-pmu9CW1%7EAW4pUJlgGtONnhvVWQKHNMaNFRPlkMZjzmEEH4MKaV6Tnj1odcUb4v6A6F583BTE9ZQzo2nCtiRaEsgNV0d7JBb8rGseasbSUEuZmfF8mGSdqCDadLFKCg2l5RCe1frKyNf8ZhgIKf%7EoDlEvzk%7EOiXzfW81xWlQVGneEk-JXuF1MDzWc%7ESHzhTjw0AfVXFmYZHsHb6dUmB9l1%7E891al3AKdfu0FATpf5fczIfQvTvplsS6q1tHHnGfB0iw5MK7kjDaFpUDkVdQFwRPZISlZE96fKmE8aAPHZQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
36d2e7f2232c849256802ed31930f2e7
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p><em>May</em> 12, 1774. SUPPLEMENT TO THE VIRGINIA GAZETTE. <em>Number</em> 418.</p>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>COLOGNE, <em>February 22</em></p>
<p>BY letters received here from Kiow, in Russia<br />minor, the rebel Pugatschew continues his ex-<br />actions in the neighborhood of Ornbourg. He<br />massacres all the Russian subjects, but spares the<br />foreigners and peasants, in hopes of gaining<br />them over to his party. He has already ravaged the lines<br />of Sakaru, and depopulated the fortress which served<br />as barrier to that country; he has plundered the town of<br />Offa, and made incursion towards Moscow, and the op-<br />posite side towards Astracan. All the officers who fall<br />into his hands must enter into his service, or lose their<br />lives, most of whom prefer their honour to their life.<br />He intends to enter into Siberia, and it is easy to see<br />what he aims at , though we cannot get a fight of his<br />manifestness because the government takes all the pains<br />imaginable to suppress them, and they are besides written<br />in the language of the Nomades; a people whom he<br />endeavors to gain over to his interest by flattering<br />promises. The report of general Bibicow’s having join-<br />ed the rebels is without foundation.</p>
<p>PARIS, <em>February</em> 28. There has been an insurrection<br />at Tours, on account of the dearness of corn. Five or<br />six boats on the Loire have been pillaged, and the grain<br />with which they were loaded was carried off by the in-<br />habitants of several parishes in the neighborhood of<br />Tours, who had assembled for that purpose. Some bri-<br />gades of the marshalsea endeavoured in vain to oppose it.<br />Many persons were killed, and others wounded. The<br />lieutenant general of justice was thrown into the river<br />by the populace, but happily taken out alive. The court<br />being informed of this tumult, hath sent orders to the<br />regiment of Berry to march immediately to Tours, from<br />whence it happens to be at no great distance.</p>
<p>PROCEEDINGS <em>of the</em> HOUSE <em>of</em> COMMONS.<br />MARCH 7.</p>
<p>THE earl of Dartmouth presented to the house of<br />lords a message from his majesty, wherein his ma-<br />jesty was most graciously pleases to recommend to their<br />most serious consideration the late disturbances in Ame-<br />rica, particularly the unjustifiable outrages lately com-<br />mitted by the people of Boston; to which most gracious<br />message an humble address was immediately moved for<br />and ordered to be presented to his majesty by the lords<br />with while staves. Lord Dartmouth likewise presented<br />the house of peers several papers relative to the late<br />disturbances in America, which were ordered to be taken<br />into consideration on Thursday fe’ennight, and the lords<br />to be summoned.</p>
<p>This day lord North presented a message from his ma-<br />jesty to the house of commons, and desired leave to bring<br />it up. The members were all desired to be uncovered,<br />and it was read, setting forth, that of late several unhap-<br />py disturbances had arisen among his majesty’s subjects in<br />America; that he had ordered such papers as could be laid before<br />both house of parliament, hoping to have their assistance<br />in seeing the laws duly executed. Lord North then pre-<br />sented a bundle of papers respecting America, the heads<br />of which were read over, purporting to be letters to and<br />from the Massachusetts Bay, Boston, New Hampshire,<br />&c. letters from lord Barrington, lord Hillsborough<br />Mr. Grey, Cowper, &c. Mr. Rice moved, that an ad-<br />dress be presented to his majesty for his great goodness in<br />ordering his message and the American papers to be laid<br />before the house, and to assure his majesty that this faith-<br />ful commons would, without delay, exert every means<br />in their power to see the laws duly executed in America.<br />He prefaced his motion with a long account of the rise<br />and progress of the American rebellious proceedings,<br />and was much for using spirited measures to bring them<br />to a compliance. Lord C______re said he agreed with the<br />honourable gentleman, and hoped he should see this<br />measure carried through with unanimity; he should<br />therefore second the motion. Mr. Dowdeswell spoke<br />greatly against the propriety of measures that had been<br />heretofore adopted, and said, let those wise heads who<br />brought us into the trouble now extricate us. He was<br />very severe on administration throughout his whole<br />speech. Colonel Jennings said he would object to the<br />words <em>every means,</em> and should move an amendment, that<br /><em>proper means.</em> Mr. E_____is said nearly the same as<br />Mr. Rice, and was for spirited measures being used. Mr.<br />Edmund Burke desired his majesty’s speeches from 1768<br />to 1770, and the answers, might be read (all which tended<br />to America) and the last answer was nearly the same as<br />the present address proposed, setting forth, that his<br />faithful commons would, without delay, exert every<br />means, &c. He said he had looked carefully over the<br />journals, and could not find one measure that parliament<br />adopted that session, notwithstanding their promise to his<br />majesty; he should therefore be against their promising<br />again, unless he was sure they meant to perform. The<br />solicitor general said it was not right to recriminate on<br />persons that had done wrong heretofore; that the only<br />way to settle this business would be all to go about it<br />unanimously. Mr. Edmund Burke, in a speech of an<br />hour and a half, set forth the absurdity of the proceed-<br />ings concerning American affairs heretofore; saying,<br />were we to expect any good from the same person who<br />adopted those measures? He said we wanted a change of<br />governors both at home and abroad, and was extremely<br />severe on lord North and administration, and arraigned<br />the whole of their conduct. On recapitulating the whole<br />of the stampact, he said, before they presented their ad-<br />dress, promising to redress evils, it would be more parli-<br />amentary to enquire whthr those abuses existed. As to<br />recriminating, it was very proper, as we might then see and<br />learn from experience, what good might be produced<br />Lord G_____ne said, in his opinion, our repealing the<br />stampact had made the Americans think we had no right<br />to tax them, and in a great measure was the cause of our<br />misfortunes. Mr. Edmund Burke replied to him. Ge-<br />neral Conway set forth the nature of the proceedings<br />heretofore, and said, in his opinion, had the stampact<br />not been repealed, we should entirely have lost America.<br />He said, we must now come to a resolution, either to tax<br />or not tax America. In his opinion, we had no right to<br />tax them; that they were a loyal people, as might be<br />seen by their former conduct. Lord North said that the</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>time allotted for the reading of the press was Thurs-<br />day, but as there were more of them than the first ima-<br />gined, he had no objection to postponing the reading of<br />them until Friday next, and on Monday next to resolve<br />upon them. The motion concerning the address was<br />put and carried.</p>
<p>LONDON, <em>March</em> 10.</p>
<p>TWO methods are proposed to be laid before parlia-<br />ment in order to bring back the Americans to their<br />duty. One is to new model their several governments<br />and constitutions, the other to enforce the last act for<br />raising the revenue in its full and literal extent.</p>
<p>The lords of the admiralty have ordered ten vessels,<br />from 350 to 600 tons burden, to be taken up in the river<br />on government account.</p>
<p>Orders are dispatched to Ireland to prepare six regi-<br />ments to embark at a week’s notice.</p>
<p>It is said that some bomb vessels are ordered to be fitted<br />out to America.</p>
<p>We hear that the most vigorous measures are resolved<br />to be taken with the turbulent and refractory colonies.<br />Four regiments of foot are to be sent to Boston, and six<br />men of war are to block up the harbour.</p>
<p>It is whispered that the Bostonians are to have their<br />charter taken from them, and that they are to be made a<br />king’s government.</p>
<p>The 4th, 5th, 38th, and 43rd regiments, are destined<br />for America.</p>
<p>A letter from Petersburg, dated February 26, says:<br />”The report of a peace with the Thrks again prevails<br />here very strongly, and we have more reason to believe<br />the court will now adopt pacific measures by the grand<br />preparations which are making for the reception of a<br />plenipotentiary from Constantinople, who is daily expect-<br />ed here. An assertion gains much credit that the empe-<br />ror of Germany, together with the kinds of Prussia and<br />Sweden, will meet at this court in the month of June<br />next, when the armistice with the Ottoman porte will be<br />finally settled, and the affairs of Poland undergo a new<br />arrangement."</p>
<p>They write from Constantinople that the Ottomans<br />have a most pleasing prospect under the reign of the new<br />sultan. He is about 53 years of age, and has spent the<br />most of his time in study. He is master of several<br />languages and sciences, and he has translated Belisarius<br />(of the celebrated Monsieur de Marmontel) into the<br />Arabic. His particular study is natural philosophy, in<br />which science they say he has wrote several works. He<br />has likewise an extensive knowledge in politics and the<br />art of war; in short, they assert that there never was<br />before such a learned man upon the Ottoman throne.</p>
<p>A letter from Petersburg, dated February 4, says:<br />The beginning of last month general Ribicow set out,<br />at the head of 15,000 men, against the rebels in the Oron<br />bourg government, and, in order to hasten his march,<br />he put his whole army into sledges; officers, soldiers, ar-<br />tillery, and provisions.. They filled 20,000 sledges, and<br />set out with the usual velocity of those conveyances to<br />the music of the whole army. They had 500 miles to<br />go before they arrived at their journey’s end.</p>
<p>Letters from Stockholm advise that the king of Sweden<br />intends to make a tour in the approaching summer to<br />Petersburg, in order to pay a visit to the empress. But<br />most persons think, if it takes place, something more is<br />intended than a mere visit.</p>
<p>When the last letters left Cadiz there were in that port<br />eight ships of the line, two frigates, and a number of<br />other vessels, with their sails bent all ready for sailing.</p>
<p>Yesterday the following bills received the royal assent,<br />by virtue of a commission from his majesty, viz. The<br />bill for allowing the exportation of corn and grain, and<br />other articles, to his majesty’s sugar colonies in America,<br />and to explain the act to regulate the importation of<br />wheat, meal, malt, flour, rye, and barley, to Guern<br />sey, Jersey, Aldernsey, &c. the bill for punishing mutiny<br />and desertion in his majesty’s American dominions, and<br />for the better payment of the army and their quarters;<br />the bill for the regulation of his majesty’s marine forces<br />while on shore; the bill for reducing the duties payable<br />upon the exportation of gum senaga; the bill for allow-<br />ing the free importation of salted beef, pork, butter,<br />and bacon, from Ireland.</p>
<p>A plan has been proposed for suppressing all the royal<br />plates given for the encouragement of running horses<br />throughout the kingdom, as this particular breed of ani-<br />mals is without use, and too often tends to the destruction<br />of the first families of the kingdom.</p>
<p>It is now talked that all the old guineas will be called<br />in, and that such of this king’s as were of a prior date to<br />1766 will be received by the revenue officers at their full<br />value, and that the loss will not fall on individuals, but<br />the public at large.</p>
<p>Advice is received, by a Dutch ship from Batavia, that<br />the Spaniards had lost at Manilla, in the months of Sep-<br />tember and October last, upwards of three thousand<br />persons of both sexes by an epidemic flux, which was not<br />quite abated when the letters came away.</p>
<p>On Friday morning, about one o’clock, lord Stanley<br />and his brother coming in a post chaise and four from<br />Chelsea to town, were stopped by four footpads, two of<br />whom seized the horses, and put pistols to the breasts of<br />the postilions; the other two went on each side of the<br />carriage, and presenting their pistols, were resisted by the<br />houourable Mr. Stanley, whom one of the villains fired<br />at, on which lord Stanley seized the man on his side by<br />the arm, and wounded him on the back of the head with<br />a seymetar. The two ruffians at the heads of the horses,<br />then went to the assistance of their comrades, when the<br />postilions driving furiously on, the nobleman and his<br />brother escaped unhurt, though one of the villains fired<br />a second pistol.</p>
<p>Thursday a young man of genteel address was appre-<br />hended at a public house in the city, on a charge of <br />marrying nine wives in less than four years, who are all<br />now living, and with each of whom he had a fortune.</p>
<p><em>March</em> 12. The general opinion seems to be that the<br />Bostonians will be punished with a deprivation of their<br />charter, and the burthen of a military establishment, for<br />their late proceedings.</p>
<p>Letters from Petersburg advise, that it has been de-<br />clared at court that the grand duchess is pregnant.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>Last Thursday died, on his way to Bristol, of a con-<br />sumption, in the 25th year of his age, William Monck-<br />ton Arundel, viscount Galway, and baron of Killord,<br />in Ireland, member of parliament for the county of Pon-<br />tesract. He is succeeded in title and estate by his brother<br />Robert, who was born August 28, 1772.</p>
<p>An express was sent on Thursday night from the ad-<br />miralty office to Portsmouth, with orders for fitting for<br />sea immediately several frigates, which are intended to<br />go with the men of war already appointed for the Ame-<br />rican station.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from</em> Vienna, <em>dated</em> February 23.<br />”We find the greatest part of our troops are march-<br />ing with the utmost expedition towards the Turkish fron-<br />tiers. The death of the grand signior seems to be very<br />advantageous to the house of Austria; for as it will be<br />impossible for the Turks to maintain a war against the<br />emperor and Russia, they will be obliged to restore to the<br />emperor all the provinces that have been wrested from<br />the house of Austria in former wars; and we are infom-<br />ed that the emperor is resolved not to renew the truce<br />until all these provinces are restored. But as the present<br />sultan is known to have an uncommon inclination for<br />war, our court has taken the precaution to put their<br />troops and fortresses in the best situation. We hear that<br />the grand signior is to take the chief command of his ar-<br />mies himself, his highness having declared, that at this<br />juncture, when nothing less than the fate of the Ottoman<br />empire is depending, he can trust no person with that<br />important post</p>
<p>Resolutions are forming to encourage, in the most effec-<br />tual manner, the different fisheries in Scotland and Ireland.</p>
<p>They write from Modavia that the Turkish grand<br />army has been augmented with 45,000 men since the<br />Russians repassed the Danube, and that the troops are<br />obliged to exercise every day, though in winter quarters.</p>
<p>A letter form the Hague says: “The proposal for an<br />augmentation of the marine and land forces is deferred<br /><em>sine die.”</em></p>
<p>By a letter from Hamburg we are informed that orders<br />have just been issued in the electorate of Hanover to re-<br />gister every man that is able to bear arms. They add,<br />that the same is done upon the whole continent, and that<br />a French army is assembling near the Rhine in an invisi-<br />ble manner. This intelligence may be depended on.</p>
<p>The king of Denmark, by advice of his college of<br />economy and commerce, has promised a reward of 50<br />rix dollars to any one of his subjects who shall fabricate<br />the best piece of work in imitation of that called Man-<br />chester velvet.</p>
<p>The lord chancellor has made an order that the com-<br />missioners of bankrupts do, where a person that becomes<br />a bankrupt more than once, enquire very particularly into<br />the cause of such failure, and the time since he was a <br />bankrupt before, and certify the same to him; his lord-<br />ship being determined, where there shall appear the least<br />fraud, not to grant a certificate.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, MAY 12.<br /><em>To his excellency the right honourable</em> JOHN <em>earl of</em><br />DUNMORE, <em>his majesty’s lieutenant and governor<br />general of the colony and dominion of</em> Virginia, <em>and<br />vice admiral of the same.</em><br /><em>The humble address of the</em> COUNCIL.<br />MY LORD,</p>
<p>WE his majesty’s most dutiful and loyal subjects the<br />council of Virginia, now met in general assembly,<br />beg leave to return your excellency our most cordial<br />thanks for our speech at the opening of this session, and<br />to acknowledge, that your lordship, as well upon this as<br />every other occasion, since the commencement of your<br />administration, hath consulted the ease and convenience<br />of the people committed to your care.</p>
<p>To promote the service of his majesty, and to advance<br />the interest of our country, every have been the first objects<br />of our wishes. Actuated by these motives, we will con-<br />cur with the house of burgesses in framing such laws as<br />shall be for the welfare and true interest of this colony,<br />and with that dispatch the importance of the subjects<br />will admit of.</p>
<p>Permit us to take this opportunity of congratulating<br />your excellency on the safe arrival of the countess of<br />Dunmore and your family in this country; an event,<br />which, while it adds greatly to your lordship’s domestic<br />felicity, gives us a pleasing earnest of our intention of<br />continuing among us.<br /><em>To which his excellency was pleased to return the<br />following</em> ANSWER.<br />Gentlemen of the council,</p>
<p>THE <em>faithful and united assistance, which I have con-<br />stantly received of you, fully convinces me of your<br />zeal for his Majesty’s service, as well as of your firm<br />regard to the interests of your country, and makes this<br />fresh declaration of both extremely grateful to me, as it<br />must be likewise to your sovereign and country.</em></p>
<p>I thank you very heartily for your kind congratulation<br />on the arrival of my family; the happiness of which will<br />increase to me as it proves more agreeable to you, from<br />whom I have received every mark of regard and attention.</p>
<p><em>To his excellency the right honourable</em> JOHN <em>earl of</em><br />DUNMORE, <em> his majesty’s lieutenant and governor<br />general of the colony and dominion of</em> Virginia, <em>and<br />vice admiral of the same.<br />The humble address of the</em> HOUSE <em>of</em> BURGESSES.<br />My LORD,</p>
<p>WE his majesty’s most dutiful and loyal subjects, the<br />burgesses of <em>Virginia,</em> now met in general assem-<br />bly, beg leave to return your excellency our unfeigned<br />thanks for your kind speech at the opening of this session.</p>
<p>Sensible as we are of the importance of that variety of<br />business, which will probably come before us, we shall<br />esteem it our bounden duty to proceed in the discussion<br />of it with coolness, deliberation, and as much dispatch,<br />as circumstances will admit; and we flatter ourselves<br />that every resolution, we may find it expedient to adopt,<br />will be marked with that prudence and moderation,<br />which you are pleased to recommend.</p>
<p>The fatherly attention of our most gracious sovereign<br />to the happiness of his subjects, in making the good of<br />his people the first object of his thoughts, cannot but im-<br />press our minds with the liveliest sense of duty and gra-</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>titude; and it is with great satisfaction that we receive<br />from your excellency those earnest assurances, that you<br />will heartily concur with us in all measures, and assent<br />to all such laws, as shall be for the welfare and true in-<br />terest of this country.</p>
<p>It will ever, my lord, afford us much pleasure to ob-<br />serve and increase of your domestic felicity; we there-<br />fore, with the greatest cordiality, embrace this first op-<br />portunity to congratulate your excellency on the happy<br />arrival of the right honourable the Countess of DUN-<br />MORE, your lordship’s amiable and most respectable lady,<br />with so many promising branches of your noble family;<br />an event which we consider as having brought with it<br />the surest pledges of our mutual happiness.<br /><em>To which his Excellency was pleased to return the<br />following</em> ANSWER:</p>
<p>Gentlemen of the House of Burgesses,<br />THE <em>terms of duty and gratitude in which your loyal<br />address is conceived afford me the highest satisfaction,<br />and must ensure his majesty’s most favourable countenance<br />and protection to this faithful colony.</em></p>
<p>I shall ever retain a cordial remembrance of the parts<br />you take in my domestic happiness, and of your obliging<br />manner of expressing it on the occasion of the arrival of my<br />family, which event I shall be much pleased to find con-<br />sidered as a pledge of my regard and attachment to this<br />country.</p>
<p>WILLIAM and MARY college, May 10, 1774.<br />I INTEND to leave this colony shortly.<br />EMMANUEL JONES, jun.</p>
<p>BY AUTHORITY.<br />At the theater in Williamsburg, on Monday, Wednesday,<br />and Friday evenings next,<br />THE noted BAYLY will exhibit his grand medley<br />of ENTERTAINMENTS (<em>Delactando,<br />Pariterque, Monendo</em>) consisting of sundry curious per-<br />formances by DEXTERITY of HAND, inter-<br />spersed with moral and entertaining LECTURES on<br />the art of deception and force of credulity, with the<br />tragical, comical, farcical, operational, whimsical humours<br />of Seignior PUNCHINELLO, and his artificial company<br />of comedians, 4 feet high, richly dressed &c. by whom<br />will be performed a play and farce, with sundry drolls.<br />Between the parts sundry prologues and epilogues, and<br />the humours of MERRY ANDREW, with an ad<br />dress to everybody, by somebody,<br />in character of nobody. To conclude with a grand piece<br />of machinery, 15 feet square, representing the sea in its<br />natural motion, with fish of all kinds and sea monsters,<br />ships sailing, boats rowing, troops landing, &c. &c. With<br />the regular siege of the Havannah by the British ships of<br />war and troops, and regular firing from the ships, forts<br />and batteries, till victory be obtained; with good scenes<br />and decorations, warlike and soft musick, &c. &c. Boxes<br />3s. 9d. Pit 2s. 6d. Gallery 1s. 6d. Children under 10<br />half price. Ladies and gentlemen may be assured the<br />strictest regularity, decency, and decorum, will be ob<br />served throughout the whole performance.<br /><em>Vivant Rex & Regina</em></p>
<p><em>For</em> SALE,</p>
<p>THE <em>improved</em> SQUARE <em>of</em> LOTS<br /><em>adjoining the lots belonging to Mr.</em><br />E. DEANE, <em>coachmaker in</em> PALACE <em>street,</em> Williamsburg. JOHN TAZEWELL,<br /><em>esquire, of this city, is empowered to sell.</em></p>
<p><em>If the purchaser, or purchasers, do not<br />pay ready money, his bond, with approved<br />securities, made payable to</em> ROBERT CAR-<br />TER, <em>will be satisfactory.</em> tf</p>
<p>RUN away, from Neabico furnace, the 16th of<br />March, a light coloured mulatto man named<br />BILLY, or WILL, the property of the houourable<br />John Tayloe, esquire. When I tell the public that he<br />is the same boy who for many years used to wait on me,<br />in my travels through this and the neighboring pro-<br />vince, and by his pertness, or rather impudence, was<br />well known to all my acquaintances, there is the less<br />occasion for a particular description of him. However,<br />as he is now grown to the size of a man, and has not at-<br />tended me for some time past, I think it not amiss to say<br />that he is a very likely young fellow, about 20 years<br />old, 5 feet 9 inches high, stout and strong made, has a<br />remarkable swing in his walk, but is much more so by a<br />surprising knack he has of gaining the good graces of<br />almost every body who will listen to his bewitching and<br />deceitful tongue, which seldom or ever speaks the truth.<br />He has a small scar on the right side of his forehead, and<br />the little finger of his right hand is quite straight by a<br />hurt he got when a child. Had on, when he went away,<br />a blue fearnought jacket, and an under one of green<br />baize, cotton breeches, oznabrig shirt, mixed blue sale<br />stockings, country made shoes, and yellow buckles.<br />From his ingenuity, he is capable of doing almost any<br />sort of business, and for some years past, has been chiefly<br />employed as a founder, a stone mason, and a miller, as<br />occasion required; one of which trades, I imagine, he<br />will, in the character of a free man, profess. I have<br />some reason to suspect his travelling towards James river,<br />under the pretence of being sent by me on business.<br />Whoever apprehends the said fellow, and brings him to<br />me, or to his master, the honourable John Tayloe, at<br />Mountairy, or secure him so as to be had again, shall<br />have treble what the law allows, and all reasonable<br />charges paid. tf THOMAS LAWSON.</p>
<p>THE subscriber intending to settle over the mount-<br />tains makes him offer his lands in Amelia for sale.<br />There are near 800 acres (a little more than 100 of<br />which ae subject to a widow’s dower) with a very good<br />dwellinghouse, and all necessary house, lately repaired,<br />with an extraordinary fine apple and peach orchard of<br />the best kind of fruit; cherries of all sorts. There are<br />near 100 acres of low ground very suitable for a meadow,<br />near 100 acres of low ground very suitable for a meadow,<br />on which is a great abundance of fine timber. The <br />purchaser may know the terms by applying to Joseph<br />Eggleston, in Amelia, adjoining the said land, Richard<br />Eggleston, in Cumberland county, or the subscriber, in<br />the county of Frederick. WILLIAM EGGLESTON.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p><em>To the</em> CLERGY <em>of</em> VIRGINIA.<br />REVEREND SIRS,<br />THINKING this a very proper season for taking<br />into consideration certain matters in which the<br />clergy are most immediately and deeply concerned, and<br />finding several of my brethren, whose opinions have<br />great weight with me, to be very confident, that if our<br />whole body should be desired to meet, they would not<br />at this time shew a general backwardness to honour the<br />request, I have come to a resolution of appointing, and<br />do accordingly appoint, the Thursday after Whitsunday<br />for the clergy to convene upon at the college of William<br />and Mary. When the day appointed comes, I hope<br />those who advised me to this measure will with me enjoy<br />the satisfaction of finding their expectations fully an-<br />wered by being able to assemble with a very respectable<br />number of their fraternity on an occasion which they as<br />well as I deem important. I am, with ardent prayers<br />for your real welfare, and the good of the community,<br />reverend gentlemen, your loving and affectionate bro-<br />ther, JOHN CAMM.<br />COLLEGE, <em>May</em> 5, 1774.</p>
<p><em>Just Imported from</em> LONDON, <em>and sold by the<br />subscriber, at her store opposite the</em> Raleigh<br /><em>in</em>Williamsburg,<br />A WELL chosen assortment of the neatest GOODS,<br />consisting of fine thread and blond lace, white<br />sattin and lustring, blue sattin and sarsnet petticoats,<br />white ditto for weddings, sattin and queen silk shoes,<br />muslin, gauze, catgut, and wire, worked linen, ribbands,<br />plain and ribbed, silk, cotton, and thread stockings, small<br />ditto for children, patent net aprons, equal in beauty to<br />joining lace, silk gloves and mits, roles and curls, tam-<br />bour sword knots, boys beaver and hussar caps, ladies<br />riding hats, feathers, and whips, childrens sashes and<br />stays, a large quantity of Didsbury shoes, sheneel, fine<br />chip and cane hats, fans, cloaks, gauze handkerchiefs,<br />purses, bags, and puffs, purl for work, tureen, pump,<br />and pap ladles, stone, silver, gilt and pinchbeck, both<br />shoe and knee buckles, paste, garnet, gold, and black,<br />stock ditto, India plate salts, ditto snuffers and snuffpans,<br />silver teaspoons, teatongs, and saltshovels, ditto coral<br />and bells, paste, marcasite, pearl, and bead, necklaces<br />and earrings, gold wires, silver bowed scissars, and silver<br />tipped sheaths, lancet cases, watch chains and keys,<br />combs, pocketbooks, and etwee cases, freemason and<br />other broaches, paste sprigs and pins, tooth brushes, fine<br />Irish wafers, sword canes, and penknives, black bags<br />and roses, black pins, stay hooks, thimbles, silver shoe<br />clasps, fruit knives, dolls and other toys, with many<br />other articles too numerous to insert; all to be sold on<br />reasonable terms, for ready money only, by<br />C. RATHELL.<br />At the same place my be had an exceeding fine<br />SILVER WATCH, capped, which runs on diamonds,<br />and a GOLD WATCH, with gold hands, and an en-<br />graved case.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, at Henrico court-<br />house, in Richmond on Monday the 6th of June,<br />THE TENEMENT lately occupied by Mr. James<br />Buchanan on part of which Byrd’s warehouses<br />now stand. It may, with convenience, be divided into<br />three separate tenements, one of which will include a<br />very good dwellinghouse, kitchen, smokehouse, dairy,<br />and a garden under good paling. The second will in-<br />clude a very good brick store, a large commodious lum-<br />berhouse, and the reversion of Byrd’s warehouses. The<br />third joins the lands of Colonel Thomas Turpin, where-<br />on are the houses now in the tenancy of Mess. Trents and<br />Mr. Powell. There is a good stable on this lot, and a<br />large new house that may, at a small expence, be con-<br />verted into a dwellinghouse, or store. The situation of<br />these lots, and convenience to the houses, will sufficiently<br />recommend them to those who view them. They will<br />be sold together or separately, which ever shall appear<br />most advisable. Half of the money to be paid at or<br />before the meeting in November next, and the remainder<br />by the first of May, 1775. The bonds to bear interest<br />from the date, unless the agents of Mess. James and<br />Robert Donald, and company, should agree upon other<br />terms on the day of sale. Any person inclining to pur-<br />chase may be shown the premises, and know the terms at<br />large, by applying to Mr. James Buchanan.<br />JAMES MILLER.<br />All those indebted to the said Mess. James and<br />Robert Donald, and company, for dealings with Mr.<br />James Buchanan at their stores in Richmond, Albermarle,<br />and Amherst, are once more requested to make speedy<br />payment; and as many accounts are yet standing open,<br />particularly at their store in Richmond, those concerned<br />are desired to close the same immediately, otherwise<br />longer indulgence cannot be given.</p>
<p><em>Just imported, and to be sold by the subscriber,</em><br />ON VERY REASONABLE TERMS,<br />A GENTEEL assortment of MILLUNERY, in the<br />newest taste. Mecklin, Bursselss, and minionet lace,<br />blond ditto, a variety of white and coloured silks, plain,<br />striped, and sprigged muslins, jewellery, childbed linen,<br />robes, ladies and gentlemens silk and cotton hose, Dids<br />bury’s shoes, Gresham’s sattin and calamanco ditto, ladies<br />black and white riding hats, and many other articles.<br />WILLIAMSBURG, <br />May 4, 1774. J. CHARLTON.</p>
<p>THE treasurer, trustees, and subscribers, to the fund<br />for the relief of the widows and orphans of clergy-<br />men, collected last Sunday from the two audiences<br />25l. 14s. 5d. for which they beg leave to return their<br />thanks to the generous contributors. On the day fol-<br />lowing they ordered 80l. to be distributed among six wi-<br />dows, and the orphans of four clergymen, and appointed<br />officers for the ensuing year, namely, the reverend Mess.<br />John Camm, treasurer, Price Davis, Devereaux Jarratt,<br />William Bland, John Bracken, Thomas Price, and<br />Thomas Lundie, trustees; William Harrison morning,<br />and Robert Andrews evening preacher.</p>
<p>The clergy have a most grateful sense of the presents<br />of 20l. and 3l. 2s. 6d. from two unknown persons, by the<br />hands of the reverend Mr. Henley. This acknowledg-<br />ment would have been made last year had not the said<br />charitable contribution come some days too late to be<br />inserted in our last year’s advertisement.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>THE subscriber, in Gloucester, has for sale, a few<br />hogsheads of good OLD RUM; also a few pipes<br />and hogsheads of OLD MADERIA WINE, of the<br />London and New York quality.<br />2 JOHN SEWALL.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, on the premises, on the third Thursday<br />in June next,<br />THE very profitable ORDINARY, belonging to the<br />subscriber, at King William courthouse, with 600<br />acres of very valuable LAND adjoining to it. The place<br />is so well known that it is unnecessary to describe it, or<br />to point out the advantage of its situation, which is so<br />central that it is daily resorted by travelers from all<br />parts; so that it has constant custom. The ordinary,<br />and some small tenements on the land, have rented for<br />170l. a year, or<br />more. The purchaser may have possession the first day<br />of November next, and is to pay one fifth of the pur-<br />chase money that day, and one other fifth annually after,<br />until the whole is satisfied. Bond, with good security,<br />for the payment thereof, must be given to the subscriber,<br />who will treat privately with any person inclined to pur-<br />chase the day of sale. JOHN QUARLES.</p>
<p>YORK town, June 9, 1773.<br />THE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with<br />the will of their testator, the late Honourable<br />William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted<br />to him will endeavor to make as speedy payments as<br />possible. Those who have accounts open on his books,<br />and who cannot immediately discharge the balances,<br />are desired to give their bonds. This request is the<br />more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by<br />the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has<br />directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed<br />out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it<br />can be done. Those who have any demands are desired<br />to make them immediately known. <br />THOMAS NELSON, HUGH NELSON,<br />THOMAS NELSON, jun. Ro. C. NICHOLAS.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich<br />TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst county, whereon<br />are several plantations and improvements sufficient to<br />work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale<br />a very valuable GRIST MILL lately bult, with a<br />stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILL-<br />STONES, which mill ha for two years past got up-<br />wards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a<br />never failing stream. The land will be shewn by William<br />Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the<br />prices of the land made known by him. One or two<br />years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the<br />second year, and also for the first, it the money is not<br />paid agreeable to contract. The land is to be laid off<br />and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence<br />of the purchaser. Deeds will be made, upon bond and<br />approved security being given, either to Call, William<br />Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent. discount will be<br />allowed for ready money, or good merchants notes. If<br />any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower<br />part of the country, on or near some navigable river,<br />that are good, it is more than probable we should agree.<br />CARTER BRAXTON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />SEVERAL valuable tracts of LAND, adjoining each<br />other, or both sides of Chappawamsick Run, in the<br />counties of Stafford and Prince William, containing 2600<br />acres, being the seat whereon the subscriber formerly re-<br />sided. These lands are situate four miles above Aquia<br />warehouses, and four miles below the town of Dumfries,<br />the soil of more than half or it exceeding good; there is<br />on it as fine a mill seat as any in the colony, upon a large<br />and never failing stream. There is a great appearance<br />of iron ore, and a large quantity of white oak and pine<br />timber, a tolerable commodious dwellinghouse, a great<br />number of convenient outhouses, good orchards, and<br />several tenements in order for cropping. There are also<br />200 acres of fine meadow ground, half of which was<br />sowed in timothy last fall and this spring. A more par-<br />ticular description will be unnecessary, as it is presumed<br />that any person inclinable to purchase will view the pre-<br />mises; and the subscriber earnestly entreats all such to<br />form their ideas of the value of this estate from their own<br />observations, and not from any accounts they may receive<br />from others, as there are some persons, who are thought<br />good natured, worthy men, amuse themselves with de-<br />crying the property of their neighbors, even at the<br />expence of truth, and under the mask of friendship to<br />the person injured. And the subscriber is more parti-<br />cular in this caution, as he hath formerly received several<br />severe injuries of that kind from one in that neighbour-<br />hood. The above lands are under the incumbrance of<br />two mortgages; the one for a considerable sum, made<br />by the subscriber himself, the other for an inconsiderable<br />sum, made by the person of whom he purchased one of<br />the small tracts, which mortgages are to be first pad out<br />of the money arising from the sale. For terms apply to<br />THOMSON MASON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />THE public STOREHOUSE in that part of the town<br />of Richmond called Shockoes, rented at fifteen<br />pounds a year; the two half acre lots, No. 400 and<br />No 670, in the same town; the valuable lot of one hun-<br />dred acres of timbered and, near the same, known by the<br />description of No. 799; also the two half acre lots, No.<br />116 and No. 267, in the town of Manchester or Rocky<br />Ridge, on the south side of the falls of James river. For<br />terms apply to Joshua Storrs of Richmond, or the sub-<br />scriber. TOMSON MASON.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, and entered upon immediately,<br />A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more<br />or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county.<br />It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I<br />advertised last year and then gave a full account of it,<br />since then I sold it to John Attaway Clarke, of Maryland<<br />but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more<br />to offer it to the public. Any persons inclinable to pur-<br />chase may know the terms by applying to me in Mid-<br />dlesex. I want part of the money at the meeting of the<br />merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable<br />credit. tf AUGUSTINE SMITH</p>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Supplement to the Virginia gazette. Number 418, May 12, 1774
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2019.14
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-05-12
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/3a2961cc202c26b534d1824a22605a45.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=tAPJGKMvmkZcks6JIfUzfcs1vnzRRV584Z67WWn797waYRTDBnaU2IAzN20NFjQ0AWnEPP2IjKjAq-GAM0khbHFNbKN05uphe1nfkMhXIg5jr2%7EGXUrzxsx23VW9INch1Ns2HLWD9MLzSULCVHXfmOqJwaQl90zAmoa7LAzIKDN8yM2Yk%7EY3ZRcO6KvpSJO6huXyFLg%7EwMQLkXYymiNuhvePnG9HKBitlnz2PYsA%7ENRhcCIltptyS7hldmpsNcwuTmuYyXVacnUZL07YlZPcNy5XypLdNAokWQKThQrJ0TAYCj0Nzk%7ESVbIhDLd7N8352c9HiW7oQ3WLFgA8wnunXQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
73eb1e5a5975d394432e2f631d03f7ac
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/9106665d41c6f086183f059a4cfd9263.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=qWni9Lv3daLFu52mGwluMpXju2h0Pyrnnv1yD89ymHRXP8JKowCTcg7Lp6wmqk7XP%7Eq0AgSXAX9qGu3XyLSnDZ-9ikhWRWfmnSBPBWejpOXBT5cNgrIsdb9y6l9U2UfjW-7A3eB1Z7NbefdLp1yMXCt63BNe5uHscP4zqFS8qwo7cLxxZVFuNtCDYt4FrzSX78lihRgRcgMH3aNM4h1Hz1AURXt0ZKsKM%7E-YO90oh0HrRxZ2a308ieFWj%7E0QkTNl2Zy0eJNQ-q9xGjj7W4ELmk-Oww2QLhypmfzf1WnnbhGflIXmqQQJz-PpNcgQV8wnt86jvuoWFXfhAHg%7Elwp4Vw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
f7efbfba79a52cc4537a4f3fc63e79c5
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/455b04ea05d453f6632501ccd58fd9fd.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Mh-Q7ecD0XWFex%7EPDf5lAJ-bMJLei4dVVVxZqzE2bbnZ4fFTZCGvahRxqFYiKXuTRUa0Ul0njwlzRyd0zfmUq6ErCuagZxzMprS1o20os26JtIUe2tQtgEq%7EKfj40Z-YDUZxdyKFzTKoHKkfXZMwCZXJhfVmdTnrQrkPZDd1gu8mOgPm8dbLMk1H4AXgDwkwNFSgwi5WUZchNFKs-ehSl8h9-E5N3Sj9xwmf8mCpK0nZSf80YJlrBOcXh3dzh-RY75mFWYj5RAvKxoyqMAim4r4-WO6NpIOoyPzYIRZscfa1eIk9hfxF%7ETGqUzXL4eK4K5VZN967JQqLnvxSnHLmcg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
3bf79bea068f75cb1fd91441a501b9e1
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/b19f27f8b5d7c1bd6d2366f49f5ecdc8.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=kwx8SpHFU7FK%7ENYrZCKny0e4dNDjbNzMymwARwP8t7KlCNAXTdUlPqA2KaOOQX7ua3GpNhu5V9K5XJhqFVuhrLL1xHp60m%7E14egDWqz355cmF88fbqKYtkmv7hBrtE6PvvQjej5OVp0ap8EZ3eqcvpKVJk9AUik8hVqDR9VXtFFoZ3ZwJ5OuVGtJ-ZjK5jE1PS6YuYiBIG8iuVPywW9gAoeTV6MMVEsmlWwWjBCvmX0v-S9JsJOXIzhWfrU764zuIZPlkvzQ%7Ek9bY7Mq3vukh%7EhYggnvk6PxNoPedchm9eIr-1%7EHiK5Yz0gBCIiQ-NnoEgde2s1huLge-0Hm2HU6Cw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
3c60c5634bc7420c8641e1d617ce73f8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>THE<br />VIRGINIA GAZETTE.<br />OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE.<br />THURSDAY, MAY 19, 1774. NUMBER 419.<br />WILLIAMSBURG: PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.<br />All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12<em>s</em>. 6<em>d</em>. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3<em>s</em>. the first Week,<br />and 2<em>s</em>.each Time after; long ones in Proportion.----PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>From the PUBLIC ADVERTISER.<br /><em>To the </em>EARL<em>of</em> DARTMOUTH.<br />My LORD,</p>
THE report to be made upon the petition from<br />the house of representatives of the Massachu-<br />setts Bay, against their governors will have<br />so decisive an influence on the people of that<br />province, that I feel myself compelled to ad-<br />dress your lordship on the subject.
<p>A discovery is made, by letters under their own hands,<br />that the governor and lieutenant governor had been se-<br />cretly labouring to subvert the chartered rights of the<br />colony, to subject the people to arbitrary government,<br />and subdue them by military force. It appeared, that to<br />acc omplish these ends, they had painted the proceedings<br />of the people in the most false and odious colours; for-<br />going falsehoods where misrepresentation would not suffice.</p>
<p>All this was conducted under the cloak of secret and <br />confidential correspondence, that the mischief might<br />come upon them unforeseen, the causes unknown, and<br />the authors undiscovered. The people were to be the<br />victims of a secret information; they were to be con-<br />demned without being heard, and punished with the<br />heaviest of all calamities, the loss of their rights and li-<br />berties, without being apprized of the accusation, or a<br />possibility of defence.</p>
<p>The persons who planned and executed this atrocious,<br />and (for upon principle it cannot be deemed less) this<br />treasonable conspiracy against the constitution, stipulated<br />their expectations of a reward.</p>
<p>It was natural that this discovery should exasperate the<br />people to an extreme. They saw, in the persons of those<br />who were thus planning their destruction, men bound to<br />them by all ties of fellow citizens, and the obligations<br />of gratitude; men who had been long cherished, trusted,<br />and honoured among them, and who had always pro-<br />sessed the most zealous attachment, which virtue and<br />gratitude could inspire, to their rights and interests.<br />This was more especially the case of their chief governor,<br />who was, at that very time, practising every art to fix in<br />the minds of the people an exalted opinion of his warmest<br />affection for them, and of us unremitting endeavours to<br />promote their best interests at the court of Great Britain.<br />They saw besides in the mode of this attempt against them<br />something peculiarly malignant. The ministry were<br />sufficiently disposed to adopt every severity again them.<br />Governor Bernard and the commissioners were sufficient<br />to keep up their prejudices and passions. To poison the<br />minds of those in opposition, and by that means to deprive<br />the people of every benefit, either from the efforts of that<br />opposition, or from a change of administration, was the<br />diabolical plan of Mr. Hutchinson and Mr. Oliver.</p>
<p>Had the popular indignation been followed by the most<br />immediate and tragical consequences no one could have<br />been surprised. Happily, however, the very men whom<br />the governors had aspersed as the sowers of sedition and<br />promoters of outrage, prevailed upon them to trust to his<br />majesty’s justice for redress. For this purpose the house<br />of<em>representatives</em> have , in humble petition, implored his<br />majesty’s intervention to remove these men, because they<br />have lost all trust and confidence with the people. It is<br />this prayer to which you are now to advise an answer.</p>
<p>It is well worth considering, my lord, what will be<br />the consequence of an ungracious, irritating answer. For<br />some years past the people of America, and those of Bos-<br />ton in particular, have been abused, misrepresented, and<br />oppressed, beyond the example of the world of times.<br />They have seen, for a series of years, every representation<br />against them received, every application for them reject-<br />ed. When the authors of the secret informations, which<br />tended to bring upon them the displeasure of their sove-<br />reign, the resentment of parliament, and to subvert their<br />liberties, were providentially discovered, and their re-<br />presentations proved false and wicked; the consequence<br />has invariably been the encouragement and reward of<br />those so detected. The discovery of governor Bernard’s<br />false and malignant letters, with the frauds he committed<br />in his office, served only to make him a baronet with<br />what is equivalent to an enormous pension. Mr. Oiver<br />was charged upon the oaths of several of his majesty’s<br />council, and by their unanimous resolution, with a most<br />dangerous breach of trust, in having forged minutes of<br />their board, and authenticated them on oath, for the<br />purpose of justifying a massacre committee by a licentious<br />soldiery, and to throw the blame of it upon the people.<br />What was the consequence? Not punishment, but pro-<br />motion. The people saw, with astonishment and horror,<br />this very man, thus stigmatized,* immediately promoted<br />to be lieutenant governor.</p>
<p>These are facts, my lord, of public notoriety; they<br />are facts, which, speaking to stones, would make them<br />capable. Rewards have followed crimes as constantly as<br />light the sun. Promotion and emolument in American<br />have been exactly proportioned to mens perfidy to the<br />people, and their avowed enmity to their immediate coun-<br />*<em>See proceedings in his majesty’s council at</em> BOSTON,<br />October 4, 1770.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>try. No people can be so dull as not to feel these inju-<br />ries; no people can be so pusillanimous as not to resent<br />them. Reiterated oppressions, detections, complaints,<br />and disappointments, hkave worked up mens minds to the<br />highest pitch of resentment and despair. The measure<br />is now full; one drop more may make the waters of bit<br />terness overflow, to the destruction of the most valuable<br />commerce of this county, and the irreparable injury of<br />the whole dominion.</p>
<p>The people of the Massachusetts Bay have asked hum-<br />bly, and waited patiently, for justice, against Mr. Hut-<br />chinson and Mr. Oliver. That the tax was artfully<br />thrown in to irritate and incense them to violence was<br />not their fault. Infamous, inimical, and odious, as the<br />governors have rendered themselves, they have been<br />suffered to sleep in security. A confidence in his majesty’s<br />justice, a hope that the eyes of his ministers would be at<br />length opened, have suspended their resentment. In my<br />opinion, my lord, this is the last effort of expectation<br />and endurance.>/p></p>
<p>I have not yet heard a denial or publication of the<br />letters upon which their petition is founded. But it has<br />been said that the letters cannot be admitted as evidence<br />unless the manner in which they were obtained be de-<br />clared. This rule of evidence is the first impression,<br />and as rational as it is new. We ought to at least to be told<br />in what book of evidence it is to be found; in what court,<br />in what case, it was ever urged or admitted. The North<br />Britons have kindly undertaken to reprint and correct<br />our books; perhaps it is it is to be found in some Scotch ed-<br />tions of our law books and reports. New modelling our<br />law has been long the favourite object of our <em>smiling</em><br />friends from that quarter.</p>
<p>Governor Hutchinson has acknowledged, in his answer<br />to an address from the council, that some of the letters<br />bear his signature; they stand therefore as matter of re-<br />cord, the verity of which cannot be affected by the man-<br />ner in which they were obtained. Not that I have heard<br />it even insinuated by an reputable person that they were<br />procured by any undue means. It seems, therefore, that<br />the objection is not that they were unfairly obtained, but<br />that idle, perhaps impertinent, curiosity is not gratified<br />by knowing how they were procured.</p>
<p>When a noble lord, for so his patent obliges me to call<br />him, produced the essay on woman in the house of peers,<br />was any enquiry made into the manner of procuring it?<br />On the contrary, thought it was soon proved that the<br />mode of obtaining it was in violation of all honesty and<br />good faith, did not both houses of parliament proceed to<br />the severest censure, and the court of king’s bench to the<br />heaviest judgement, against the ostensible author upon the<br />evidence of that essay so sagaciously obtained? And are<br />we now to be told that the malefactions of Mr. Hutchin-<br />son and Mr. Oliver shall escape punishment upon this<br />pretence?</p>
<p>I have dwelt too long upon an objection utterly con-<br />temptible, and which, but for the high and dangerous<br />tendency of it, would not merit a moment’s consideration.</p>
<p>My lord, the single question is, whether men, who<br />have rendered themselves universally obnoxious to the<br />people, shall be continued in authority over them? To<br />determine in the affirmative is to set the sentiments of<br />the people at defiance. Is there any man so wicked as<br />to wish, or so weak as to expect, that a government,<br />conducted on such principles, would be secure or lasting?<br />The folly of government may be sometimes forgiven; its<br />injustice never. But when folly and injustice unite, it<br />must be odious, weak, and contemptible. A little time,<br />my lord, will shew that government, in the hands of<br />obnoxious men, is too arbitrary, too inconsistent, with<br />the genius of the people. to be long endured. No rea<br />soning can reconcile them, nor force can subdue them,<br />to it. It is justice only that can endure submission; for<br />as judge Blackstone observes: “It is found by experience,<br />that whenever the unconstitutional oppression, even of<br />the sovereign power, advance, with gigantic strides, and<br />threaten desolation to a state, mankind will not be rea-<br />soned out of the feelings of humanity, nor will sacrifice<br />their liberty by a scrupulous adherence to those political<br />maxims, which were originally established to preserve it.”<br />My lord, an attempt to establish government in America<br />by military force, must be ultimately fatal to this coun-<br />try. It will commence in folly and injustice; it will end<br />in distress and humiliation.<br />RALEIGH.</p>
<p>Mrs. RIND,<br />It is a very common, and I believe, a very just com-<br />plaint, that the college of William and Mary hath<br />as yet been far from answering the ends of its institution,<br />and, indeed, those ends which might reasonably be ex-<br />pected from a college so well endowed. Superior in its<br />revenues to any literary establishment upon the continent,<br />it hath fallen greatly short of some of them as a seminary<br />of learning. To suppose that the gentlemen who have<br />been entrusted with the management of it have been al-<br />ways, in fault would certainly be very unfair. Many of <br />these, without doubt, have been both ably qualified and<br />heartily inclined to promote its good intention. But a</p>
</div>
<div class="<column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>wrong mode of education, at the first adopted, and since<br />too blindly followed, together with an evil which the<br />professors had no power to remedy, seem to have frus-<br />trated all endeavours ot make it flourish. A grammar<br />school at the foundation of the college was annexed to<br />it, a measure with at that time might have been<br />dictated by the circumstances of the country, and the<br />low state of the funds, but which experience has since<br />taught us to be attended with many bad consequences.<br />Little or no distinction is made between the boys of this<br />school and the students of the college. Entitled to, or<br />at least indulged with, nearly the same privileges, the<br />former too soon forget that they are boys, and the latter<br />too seldom perceive that they have a superior character<br />to maintain. As this is not merely speculation, but real<br />matter of fact, it is surely worthy of the most serious<br />attention of the visitors. The revenues of the college<br />are now much encreased, the assembly has ever shewn a<br />willingness to assist it, and a large extent of country is<br />equally populaous, and equally well cultivated with that<br />in the neighbourhood of Williamsburg. What then is<br />there to prevent the visitors from removing the grammar<br />school to some of the college lands, at a distance from<br />the metropolis; for instance, to those in King William?<br />Every thing necessary for the accommodation of the boys<br />could there be easily procured, temptations to idleness<br />and vice would be less common, feeling none enjoy great-<br />er liberties than themselves, they would be satisfied with<br />their portion, nor would they languish for such as it<br />would be improper to grant them. Having completed<br />their classical education there, then let them be removed<br />to the college. This removal would create in them a<br />higher idea of the dignity of a student. They would<br />look upon themselves as entering upon a nobler scene of<br />action; a scene wherein puerility was to be exchanged for<br />the manly and philosophical life. I can easily foresee<br />that the step which I have proposed would meet with<br />opposition from those in and about the city of Williams-<br />burg. But if it be considered that this grammar school<br />was intended for the benefit of the public, and not of in-<br />dividuals, that by such a removal no general inconve-<br />nience could be produced, but that several good conse-<br />quences, as shewn above, would result from it, their<br />opposition must appear selfish and unreasonable.</p>
<p>The great imperfection in the present mode of educa-<br />tion seems to be this; that instead of a regular process in<br />their studies, the students are permitted, for the most<br />part, to attend what lectures they please, and in the or-<br />der most agreeable to themselves. That such a liberty<br />will put it into their power to waste much of their time is<br />very evident. For instance, a student chuses to attend<br />lectures upon natural philosophy. As these are not given<br />oftener than twice a week, he has four days entirely<br />at his own disposal. For these, it is true, he may find<br />sufficient employment, in making himself acquainted with<br />what different authors have said upon the immediate ob-<br />ject of his study; but he is under no obligation to do this.<br />If he is indolent, or vicious, or fond of pleasure, he has<br />it in his power to indulge himself. And thus, after<br />throwing away three of four of the most precious years<br />of his life, does many a youth quit the college with only<br />the< em>credit of having been so long there. Degrees have<br />been indeed lately conferred on some few students; and<br />from this it might be presumed, by a stranger, that these<br />at least had gone through a regular course of education.<br />This, however, as far as I have been able to learn, was<br />not the case. Some of them were acquainted with the<br />classics, others with the mathematics, others had attend-<br />ed lectures upon rhetoric and moral philosophy, but<br />none had run the general circle, none had been called to<br />an examination, previous to the conferring of this literary<br />honour upon them; a custom in all other colleges and uni-<br />versities. The impropriety of this mode of education is so<br />very apparent, that any farther demonstration of it would<br />be an insult upon the most common understanding.</p>
<p>An improvement upon the present plan would, I think,<br />require another professor, whose business it would be to<br />read with the students the higher classics, and to give<br />lectures upon chronology, geography, and history. Part<br />of this duty is at present expected from the moral pro-<br />fessor, but he has, exclusive of this, as much as he can<br />well perform; and these are branched of literature with<br />which every man of liberal education ought to be ac-<br />quainted.</p>
<p>The students should be divided into three classes,<br />which might be distinguished by the titles of seniors,<br />juniors, and freshmen. The qualifications of such as<br />enter the freshmen, or lower class, ought to be a good<br />acquaintance with the Latin and Greek school authors,<br />and with arithmetic. At their entrance into college,<br />they should begin with algebra, under the professor of<br />mathematics and natural philosophy, logic under the<br />moral professor, and Horace, Homer, or some other<br />classic, under the other, whom we will call the professor<br />of humanity. Euclid’s elements should succeed to alge-<br />bra, metaphysics to logic, and chronology and history<br />might be intermixed with the classics. This would be<br />ample employment for the first year. Let them then be</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div>
<h6>Column1</h6>
<p>examined, and as many as are approved of raised into<br />the junior class. Such as are deficient, should be<br />obliged to remain amongst the freshmen another year.<br />The Juniors should begin with plain trigonometry, which<br />they might apply to surveying, then proceed to fluxions,<br />conic sections, and spherical trigonometry, which might<br />conclude the business of the second year in this depart-<br />ment. The same period, in the other two, should com-<br />prehend the study of moral philosophy, and of Cicero’s<br />moral works, with other Roman and Greek moralists.<br />Let them be again examined, and either preferred to the<br />senior class, or continued juniors, as they acquitted them-<br />selves. The study of natural philosophy and astronomy,<br />of rhetoric and the best English poets, of the Roman<br />and Grecian critics and orators, together with a general<br />review, should be the business of the third and last year<br />of their college education. Let, then, such as chuse to<br />stand for degrees, be examined by the professor, either<br />privately, or before a few of the visitors, in every branch<br />of academical learning. If they pass this with credit,<br />let a day be appointed for public examination, when<br />every one, who is inclined, may attend. Afterwards, it<br />may not be improper to fix a day for public exercises,<br />when each candidate may have an opportunity of dis-<br />playing his abilities as a writer and an orator. At the<br />conclusion of these exercises, let them be rewarded with<br />those honours which ought only to be conferred upon<br />the sons of science. These two last regulations, though<br />not absolutely necessary, would have their use: They<br />would give satisfaction to the country, raise the reputa-<br />tion of the college, and be a powerful incitement to the<br />youthful mind, which is ever fond of pomp and public<br />applause.<br /><em>We are obliged to defer the remainder of</em> ACADEMICUS<br /><em>till next week.</em></p>
<p>Mrs. RIND,<br />DISAGREEABLE as it is to me to submit any thing<br />I can write to the examination of the public, and<br />painful as it is to arraign the conduct and religious prin-<br />ciples of a gentleman with whom I have so long lived in<br />a state of intimacy and friendship, yet justice to some<br />injured characters, a love of truth, and a regard for our<br />excellent establishment, demand that I should lay aside<br />the bashfulness of an author, and be deaf to the solici-<br />tations of friendship.</p>
<p>In vindication of the characters just mentioned, I must<br />declare, that I have head Mr. Henley frequently avow<br />the same opinions which Mrs. Nicholas affirmed to the<br />vestry she had heard him maintain; that the treasurer<br />advanced nothing, as my testimony, in his letter in Pur-<br />die’s paper of February the 24th, 1774, but what I had<br />authorized him to say, and that I authorized him to say<br />nothing but what I can prove. And further, I do de-<br />clare, in justice to Colonel Bland, that I have heard<br />Mr. Henley comment on some verses in the 1st chapter<br />of Hebrews in the very manner in which the socinians<br />explain them, and that I, as well as the colonel, from<br />that circumstance, concluded him a socinian: I think I<br />can prove that several others have heard Mr. Henley<br />make the same remarks on that chapter. As to some<br />insinuations that I have betrayed <em>confidential conversations,</em><br />I shall just observe, that I have related nothing which he<br />has said to me in private, and declare, that he always<br />appeared to me to be fond of publishing his doctrines,<br />Had Mr. Henley trusted me alone with his religious te-<br />nets, had he not appeared to me to be desirous of propa-<br />gating them, I should have been far from desiring to<br />discover them to the world; had they been only <em>volatile ex-<br />pressions,</em> thrown out in the sallies of private and confi-<br />dential disputation, his character would have been un-<br />impeached, and I should not now be under the disagree-<br />able necessity of affirming that this was not the case.</p>
<p>Both truth and justice oblige me to take notice of Mr.<br />Henley’s gross misrepresentation of a matter of fact, and<br />of part of my testimony, in his pamphlet, page the 29th.<br />The fact was this: Mr. Henley once took occasion to say<br />something concerning the <em>trinity</em>, which Mr. Andrews<br />and myself, the only persons then present, thought, and<br />we still think, amounted to a <em>denial of the divinity of the<br />son and holy ghost.</em> I asked him if these were his sentiments<br />how he could “say the first sentences of the litany?” To<br />which he replied; that he did not read the sentences I<br />alluded to as they are commonly read; and then he at-<br />tempted to repeat them, so as by laying an <em>emphasis</em> on<br />some words, he might appear to exclude the idea of <em>divi-<br />nity</em> from being affixed to the words <em>son and holy ghost</em> in<br />those sentences. It is evident that the purport of my<br />question was, how he could deny the<em>divinity of two per-<br />sons of the adorable trinity,</em>, and yet use that part of our<br />church service in which he must address each <em>person</em> ex-<br />presly as GOD; and it as clear, at least is to me, that by<br />his answer, he denied that he did pray to them as GOD.<br />The litany, and manner of reading it, were mentioned<br />as now related, and upon no other occasion; and yet<br />Mr. Henley represents this part of my testimony as <br />amounting to no more than a trifling dispute concerning<br />the manner of pointing and accenting the <em>litany.</em> Mr.<br />Henley’s manner of repeating the litany appeared<br />”strange” to me; it was new, and appeared to be a mi-<br />serable evasion, which at first I really could not well see<br />the force of; to explain which, and to confirm, in some<br />measure, this part of my testimony, I must beg leave to<br />insert here some extracts from the Gentleman’s Magazine<br />for January 1774. <em>Theophilus Lindsey,</em> vicar of Catte-<br />rick, Yorkshire, being dissatisfied with the <br /><em>doctrine of the<br />trinity,</em> and some of the thirty nine articles, and observ-<br />ing that “the devotions of the church are framed in strict<br />agreement with the articles, and correspond with them<br />more especially in what relates to religious worship, look-<br />ed upon his continuing to officiate in them as a constant<br /><em>virtual</em> repetition of his subscription.” He had applied<br />with the petitioners t parliament for relief in vain. “In<br />this state of things (says he) I had no choice left, but<br />either to change the public service of the church, and<br />make is such as I could conscientiously officiate in, or<br />quietly to retire. I could not reconcile myself to the<br />former, because I looked upon the declaration of con-<br />formity and subscription to be such solemn ties, that I<br />could not be easy under so great a violation of them.”<br />He therefore very conscientiously resigned his vicarage.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>He says, in his agology,, that whilst he officiated, he<br />took this method to satisfy his mind: ”I brought myself<br />to consider the <em>trinitarian form in the liturgy, and the<br />invocations of the entrance of the litany,</em> as a <em>threefold</em> re-<br />presentation of the one God, the <em>father,</em> governing all<br />things <em>by himself, and by his son, and his spirit;</em> and as a <br />threefold way of addressing him, as <em>Creator</em> and original<br />benevolent cause of all things, as <em>Redeemer</em> of mankind<br />by his son, and their <em>sanctifier</em> by his holy spirit.” This<br />may explain what I meant when I fell into the <em>odd<br />phraseology</em> Mr. Henley points out in his pamphlet, page<br />28. But to shew that my construction on the manner of<br />his repeating the litany was just, I must make one more<br />extract from Mr. Lindsey’s apology: He says, he went<br />on in this manner, “till, from some providential awaken-<br />ings it appeared to me a <em>blameable duplicity,</em> that whilst<br />I was praying to the one God the Father, the people<br />that heard me were led, by the language I used, to ad-<br />dress themselves to <em>two other persons,</em> or distinct intelligent<br />agents, for they would never subtilize so far as to fancy<br />the <em>son</em> and holy spirit to be merely two modes, or re-<br />spects, or relations of God to them.</p>
<p>These extracts require no comment; but as Mr. An-<br />drews does not recollect what passed between Mr. Henley<br />and myself concerning the litany, I must observe that<br />they are a pretty good proof of the truth of my account<br />of that part of our conversation; for it must be observed<br />that I had given in my testimony to the treasurer before<br />Mr. Lindsey had published his apology in England.<br />But although Mr. Andrews (now the reverent Mr. An-<br />drews of York town) does not remember this, yet he re-<br />collects, what is so very material, that I have obtained<br />his permission to publish some extracts from a letter which<br />he wrote in answer to one of mine, in which I desired<br />him to give me an account of what passed between Mr.<br />Henley and us relating to the trinity. He says,”Mr.<br />Henley, after mentioning several parts of a religious<br />dispute which had happened between him and a gentle-<br />man in England, told us that the gentleman at last asked<br />him how he defended the <em>doctrine of the trinity</em> from<br />scripture, thinking (he said) to triumph over him in this<br />point. But herein (he said) the gentleman was disap-<br />pointed, as he assured him that<em>he himself did not believe<br />that the doctrine of the trinity was taught in the scriptures.</em><br />I remember that I was silent upon the occasion, and that<br />you made some short observation, which I have now<br />forgotten. I remember also that we changed the subject,<br />unwilling to hear more of what had so direct a tendency<br />to destroy that good opinion of Mr. Henley which we<br />were desiring of entertaining. As soon as Mr. Henley<br />left us, we communicated to each other our surprize at<br />his disbelief, especially to me, with whom he had an<br />acquaintance of but a few hours. I may perhaps be<br />mistaken in some circumstances, as almost three years<br />have since elapsed, and as our inclination was rather to<br />forget than to retain what we had heard; but with re-<br />spect to what was said concerning the TRINITY <em>I have<br />no doubt.”</em> Mr. Henley says, page 23, “It may perhaps<br />happen that I am impeached, nor for denying the <em>doctrine<br />of the church,</em> but the doctrine of <em>Mr. Page.”</em> I think<br />the above extracts will shew, pretty clearly, whose doc-<br />trine it was, and how far my “testimony is in Mr. Hen-<br />ley’s favour.” See his pamphlet, page 66.</p>
<p>I will make no farther remarks at present, lest I should<br />prove troublesome to you at this busy time, and engross<br />too large a part of your paper. I am, Madam, your<br />most obedient humble servant,<br />JOHN PAGE, <em>of</em> ROSEWELL.</p>
<p>AGREEABLE to the act of assembly for clearing<br />rivers and creeks, the court of Cumberland have<br />appointed commissioners to agree with any person or<br />persons, willing to undertake the clearing of Willis’s<br />river, in the said county. The subscribers give notice<br />that they will attend at Horn Quarter Bridge, on the<br />said river, on Thursday the ninth day of June, to let<br />to the lowest bidder the said work. Bond and security<br />will be required of the undertaker for the due perform-<br />ance of the same.<br /><em>George Carrington, Thomas Tabb,<br />John Woodson, Robert Smith,<br />Joseph Calland, Joseph Carrington.</em></p>
<p>IN May, 1773, or near that time, I gave my bond to<br />John Reid, of Amherst county, for 125l. currency,<br />payable in April, 1774: I forewarn any person from<br />taking said bond of Reid, as I will not pay any of the<br />money till such time as the said Reid fulfils his bargain<br />with me, 2 CHARLES SIMS,</p>
<p>VIRGINIA, se.<br />At a general court, held at the capitol, the 7th day of<br />May, 1774. In CCHANCERY.<br />Philip Ludwell Grymes, son and heir of the honour-<br />able Philip Grymes, Esquire, deceased, and John<br />Grymes, Charles Grymes, and Benjamin Grymes,<br />the younger sons, and devisees of the said Philip<br />Grymes, plaintiffs, against<br />Benjamin Grymes, gentleman, one of the execu-<br />tors of the last will and testament of the said<br />Philip Grymes, deceased, defendants.<br />ON the motion of the plaintiffs, and for reasons ap-<br />pearing to the court, it is decreed and ordered<br />that the said defendant give sufficient security for his fu-<br />ture due and faithful administration of his said testator’s<br />estate, and that he be enjoined from intermeddling in<br />any manner or degree whatever with the said estate until<br />such security be given, or until the further order of this<br />court concerning the same. BEN:WALLER.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, <em>May</em> 19.<br />Last Saturday there fell a shower of hail in<br />Gloucester county, which did considerable damage to the<br />wheat. I several places there were hailstones as large<br />as goose eggs; many as large as hen eggs. In some<br />places, and particularly near Mr. Willis’s mill, the<br />earth was covered several inches deep with hail as large<br />as pistol bullets. The hail and rain fell together so vio-<br />lently there, that they filled the buckets of the wheel, and <br />set the mill to work, and carried round the works for a</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>considerable time with great velocity. The water in the<br />pond was not within a foot of the wheel, for the dam<br />had but lately been made up; and this fact Mr. Willis<br />and Mr. Peter Whiting, who had taken shelter in the<br />mill house, were witnesses of. This account is attested<br />by a gentleman of undoubted veracity. From several<br />other parts of the country we are informed, that the<br />hail was so large as to strip lusty trees of their leaves and<br />limbs, and also killed abundance of cattle, horses, hogs,<br />&c._____The wheat fields and meadows, says the same<br />correspondent, both in Gloucester and York, are terribly<br />infested with a kind of work or caterpillar. They have<br />done considerable mischief to the corn, and to the tobac-<br />co which has been planted.</p>
<p>As there was a probability that our sister colonies<br />might have received some late intelligence from England<br />respecting the proceedings of the parliament against<br />them, and as we are ever willing to convey any accounts<br />which may in any wise tend to benefit the public, and<br />guard them against the oppressive conduct of our enemies<br />at home, we reserved the publication of our paper until<br />the northern post should arrive, in hopes that we might<br />have presented our readers with the sentiments entertained<br />by the Bostonions, and in what manner they intended<br />to proceed; but, according to the papers from thence,<br />they have not received so late information as ourselves,<br />relative to this noisy and troublesome affair.</p>
<p>Arrived, the Liberty, Outram, in York river; Brilli-<br />ant, Bennet, from Glasgow, assistance, Fairish, from <br />Whitehaven, Nancy, Cunningham, from Hull, Success,<br />Green, from London, and Peggy, Sister, from Liver-<br />pool, in James river; Nassau, Wignell, and Molly,<br />Parry, from Liverpool, Neptune, Kennedy, from Glas-<br />gow, and Muir, Richardson, from Antigua, in Rappa-<br />hannock.</p>
<p>The members of the society for promoting USEFUL<br />KNOWLEDGE are desired to meet on <em>TUESDAY</em> the 31st of <em>May.</em></p>
<p><em>At a time when the liberties of the colonies are daringly<br />infringed, and despotism is exerting her baneful influence<br />in the minds of those who wish not well to the just privi-<br />leges of</em> America, <em>it certainly behoves every wellwisher to<br />her rights, and more especially a publisher of intelligence<br />who has her cause sincerely at heart, to lay openly those<br />matters which may, in any respect, tend to the discovery of<br />arbitrary or illegal measures, threatened by the mother<br />country towards us. Under this head, the printer of this<br />paper conceives herself obligated to convey to the public the<br />late despotic proceedings of the h---e of c-----s in the<br />most ample manner, and to brand with infamy those un-<br />precedented resolves which they have so precipitately entered<br />into. But without a minute detail, with respect to the<br />many paragraphs in the</em> English <em> papers, for and against<br />this injured country, and which are so frequently blended<br />as materially to contradict each other, we have rather<br />adopted a more permanent authority, by introducing a<br />few candid pieces, sufficiently descriptive of the oppressive<br />proceedings of the</em> PARENTAL <em>country towards her dutiful<br />and filial children. Nor have we neglected an</em> ADDRESS,<br /><em>which, however curious, is left to our readers, whether it<br />deserves their approbation or contempt. The illegal and<br />unwarrantable act of parliament, passed on the 30th of</em><br />March <em>last, and principally aimed against the</em> Bostonians, <br /><em>whose patriotic conduct on so interesting an occasion deserves<br />the highest applause, will not, it is hoped, quell their free<br />spirit, now the</em> storm is <em>beginning, and more especially as<br />there are so many united colonies to protect her at so critical<br />a juncture.</em></p>
<p>To <em>the</em> PRINTER.<br />SIR,<br />THE state of America is now becoming the subject<br />of serious consideration. Every real friend to that<br />country and to this must rejoice that it is so. Not only<br />the distress of both countries, form the present measures,<br />calls for that consideration; but, what is of the utmost<br />moment, the prevention of a national enmity being sub-<br />stituted for that confidence which formerly cemented us<br />together. That enmity must enevitably arise from con-<br />tinuing a systematic attempt in one part of the empire,<br />to employ its superior force in subduing the other to her<br />arbitrary will, Can it but be felt as an act of tyranny<br />never to be forgiven, if we employ our power not for the<br />purposed of <em>protection,</em> but of <em>oppression?</em></p>
<p>But this deliberation must, to answer any great and<br />good purpose, be conducted with candour, justice, and <br />wisdom. Temporary expedients, violent, partial, and <br />precipitate counsels, serve only to increase the disease,<br />which they pretend to cure. The inflamed state of the<br />subject requires a tender hand and lenient applications.<br />”We have already tried what advantage is to be found<br />in governing <em>by force,</em> and have no reason to be <em>proud of<br />the experiment.”</em> The great concerns of a great nation<br />should be measured upon a scale of proportionably mag-<br />nitude. To speak again in the words of a wise and bene-<br />volent prelate, "a great, liberal, commanding spirit is<br />wanting; such as has appeared rarely in modern times,<br />but was better known to the ancients, which, without<br />computing and calculating what is strictly due, can extort<br />affections and gratitude by public services, <em>which can sa-<br />crifice little, and even great interests to the establishment of<br />a solid, permanent authority, founded on justice and mo-<br />deration,</em>, which, permitting her subjects to enjoy and<br />improve all their natural advantages, can always avail<br />herself of their wealth and numbers for the defence, or<br />the glory of the empire, and is sure to find the most<br />powerful resources of government <em>in their friendshop and<br />love.”</em></p>
<p>Let justice and moderation govern the exercise of our<br />supreme authority over our colonies, and they will em-<br />brace us again with hears full of joy and acquiescence.<br />Let a great and liberal spirit go forth from hence, and it<br />will be received in America with satisfaction, and obeyed<br />without reluctance. Let the gentle hand of commerce<br />and of requisition, and not the red right arm of power<br />by arbitrary taxation, draw from her the produce of her<br />soil, and the surplus, if there be any, of her wealth.<br />She will minister this to our wants, to our strength, to<br />our grandeur, not ony without repining and without<br />complaint, but with cordiality and zeal. But<br />__ __ __ Differt summasne pudenter<br />An rapias. __ __ __ __</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>Too long have our regiments insulted their streets, and<br />our ships harassed their harbours. Too long have we<br />worn the face, without the advantages of hostility. Alas!<br />no advantage can ever be derived from it, because a victo-<br />ry would be our ruin. It would be a conquest over our-<br />selves, over the constitution and the commerce of this<br />country. For if the being taxed by our own consent<br />only, given by our representatives, be not the vital spirit<br />of our constitution, what is so? If we aid in ravishing<br />this right from America, with what justice can we claim<br />it for ourselves? Let us not then establish a precedent<br />which may conclude fatally to the whole kindgdom.</p>
<p>Is not the commerce with America of the last impor-<br />tance to this country: Will a military force, or irritating<br />avenging measures, retrieve what our ill policy may lose?<br />Is commerce a subject of compulsion? Shedding blood<br />would therefore be an act of savage rage, not of sound<br />wisdom. It will not redeem, but utterly ruin our co,-<br />merce. But the Americans will not oppose force by<br />force. They will use a much more irresistible mode of<br />opposition. I do not speak it to insult, but to inform.<br />I love and revere this country. I know it is the wish of<br />America to love and revere this country, not as slaves<br />but as subjects. Their opposition will be silent, and its<br />operation will be sure, though slow. No cunning can<br />elude, no force can frustrate its effects. Our commerce<br />must sink under it. The superior power of this country<br />will endeavour to aid it vain. That power will find it-<br />self in the situation of Volscens:<br />-- -- -- Nec teli conspicit usquam<br />Auctorem, nec quo se ardens immittere possit.</p>
<p>And for what is it that we are to hazard these conse-<br />quences? We are to fix a badge of slavery upon America,<br />to establish four ourselves a barren revenue. Have our<br />own burthens received one shilling alleviation from this<br />American tax, so arbitrarily imposed, so obstinately main-<br />tained? Is there any man in his senses who expects from<br />it any national relief? On the contrary, are we not this<br />moment at the expence of a military establishment in<br />American, for this sole purpose, twenty times greater than<br />was ever incurred before in times of peace. If our justice<br />is banished, where is our wisdom? Is not all this encreas-<br />ing our expences and our distress, without an actual,<br />without a probable equivalent? Is it not putting our best<br />commercial advantages to the hazard, without any emo-<br />lument if we succeed, without any retribution if we fail?<br />Is this wisdom, or is it folly, in the extreme? Is it spirit<br />or insanity? This paradoxical policy which proposes<br />Per damna, per cedes ab ipso<br />Ducere opes, animumque ferro?</p>
<p>Are these the means of relieving the distress of this <br />unhappy, this exhausted country? Because her burthens<br />are already greater than the well can bear, with <em>all her</em><br />sources of wealth, are we therefore to lop off <em>one</em> of her<br />best, her <em>surest resources,</em> our American commerce? That<br />and the very means of supporting our national burthens.<br />That commerce from which the best bulwark of our<br />island, the navy, derives the strongest sinews of her<br />strength. That commerce which already furnished such<br />considerable supplies for the support of government.</p>
<p>These will be our triumphs; these our successes. But<br />will these feed the starving manufacturer? Will they re-<br />imburse the ruined merchant? Will they compensate the<br />injured revenue: Will they man our navy, or minister<br />any relief to the whole kingdom under the distress of a<br />general stagnation of manufacturers and of trade? Will<br />it satisfy the calls of hunger, or alleviate the distress of<br />bankruptcy, to read in the papers that our troops have<br />put fifty thousand Americans to the sword, our fleets<br />have laid the cities of Boston and New York in ashes?</p>
<p>When we talk of maintaining our power over the<br />colonies by severe laws and military force, we should<br />consider the wisdom of Queen Mary’s observation, which<br />applies equally here:---“That the state of every king<br />consists more assuredly in the love of the subjects towards<br />their prince than in the dread of laws made with rigo-<br />rous pains.”* When the distress our conduct will in all<br />human probability occasion, bear hard upon us, when<br />the emergency of a war calls for our military force at<br />home, and all our strength abroad, it will then be too<br />late to recollect the wise observation which Tacitus<br />ascribes to a British King, when <em>this country</em> felt its <em>day<br />of foreign oppression,</em> Metus et terror est infirma vincula<br />caritatis, quae ubi removeris, qui timere desierent, odisse<br />incipiant.</p>
<p>Dread and terror are but weak bonds of attachment,<br />and upon their dissolution, when fear ends, hatred begins<br />. JUNIUS AMERICANUS.<br />*1st Mary, Ch. I. St. I.</p>
<p>A WORD of EXPOSTULATION <em>from the</em> KING, LORDS,<br /><em>and</em>COMMONS, <em>to the</em> AMERICANS.<br /><em>High and mighty,</em></p>
<p>THE people of England having been for ages ac<br />knowledged the supreme head of all dominions<br />belonging to the imperial crown of this kingdom, they<br />naturally exercised from the first period of their political<br />existence a power to make laws for their provinces, and<br />as naturally imagined that the same principle of equity<br />which supported the <em>right</em> of their legal pre-eminence,<br />would always support the necessary superiority of their<br />interest over their various dependencies.</p>
<p>In this opinion they were no less justified by reason<br />than confirmed by prescription. Common sense seemed<br />to dictate the propriety of rendering partial benefit sub-<br />servient to general good; and as in the hour of their dis-<br />ress the dependencies constantly applied to the mother<br />country for protection as a <em>right</em>, the mother country, of<br />consequence, judged herself entitled to a reciprocal <em>right</em><br />of demanding their dutiful obedience to her government.<br />This obedience she expected particularly from the Ame-<br />rican colonies, because the Americans were wholly the<br />creatures of her own formation, owed their entire being<br />to her indulgence, and possessed no one immunity that<br />did not evidently flow from the spontaneous source of<br />her immediate beneficence.</p>
<p>While the people of England mention this they are<br />reduced to the disagreeable necessity of refuting a very<br />favourite prejudice which has been eagerly inculcated<br />beyond the Atlantic, relative to the prodigious patriotism</p>
</div>
<div>
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>of the original settlers in the colonies; they therefore<br />take leave to observe, as the present descendants of these<br />settlers talk very loudly about the virtue of their ancestors<br />in seeking for liberty through the immense wilds of the<br />western world, that very little praise is due to them upon<br />this account. The western world was not acquired by<br />their spirit, but given to their timidity, in the moment<br />of peril, when they basely fled from the cause of freedom,<br />and left the intrepid sons of genuine independency to<br />oppose the inroads of tyranny; they then sought a refuge<br />in the English dominions of America, against that op-<br />pression which they had not courage enough to resist at<br />home. The mother country, like a true parent forgot<br />their faults, and tenderly administered to their necessities;<br />she gave them lands to cultivate, she protected them<br />against all their enemies, and no sooner was her own<br />constitution restored than she granted them every privi-<br />lege which she herself enjoyed, as far as the local cir-<br />cumstances of both could give the enjoyment possibility.</p>
<p>From this simple state of things, the people of Eng-<br />land are convinced that the original settlers in America<br />were rather the obliged than the obliging, and that their<br />migration proceeded much less from a love of true liber-<br />ty than an abject dread of being oppressed, they were<br />willing to possess freedom, but they would not fight for<br />it. An effort of this active patriotism was lest entirely<br />for those whom they deserted, though so much is now<br />said of their public spirit; and their descendants are very<br />willing to inherit all the blessings they derived from the<br />goodness of their mother country, though they think it<br />an intolerable severity to pay a proper submission to her<br />laws.</p>
<p>The people of England, in vindication of their own<br />conduct, find it further necessary to observe, that the<br />argument of charters, which the colonies make use of in<br />their claim to an exemption from parliamentary jurisdicti-<br />on, is by no means conclusive on the present subject. The<br />crown has no right to make any grant prejudicial to the<br />interests of parliament; the power of the parliament is<br />the power of the people; and the crown was even taken<br />away at the revolution from the reigning prince because<br />he exercised an authority repugnant to the welfare of the<br />kingdom. There is in this place ample room to animad-<br />vert upon the gratitude of the colonies in wishing for<br />privileges evidently injurious to their benefactors. There<br />is also a copious opportunity of commenting upon the pa-<br />triotism of America in thus endeavouring to render the<br />prerogative of the crown superior to the legal ordinances<br />of parliament. But the poople of England will neither<br />enter into animadversions nor into comments that must<br />be disagreeable. They will only remark, that it is much<br />safer for the Americans to be subjects to the kingdom than<br />to the kind of Great Britain; and that if the throne is<br />once allowed a privilege of governing in the mother<br />country, contrary to the established principles of Law,<br />it will very speedily contend for the same privilege in the<br />provinces of America.</p>
<p>The people of England now proceed to the chief com-<br />plaint of the colonies, the want of representatives in the<br />parliament of Great Britain, and confess they hear it<br />with some degree of astonishment, as the colonies<br />themselves declare a representation utterly impossible. If<br />granting them a proportionable number of representatives<br />in the legislature was practicable<br />from considerations of locality; or if they had applied<br />for a right of sending members to deliberate on the laws<br />which they oppose, and were refused, then, indeed, they<br />would have reason to find fault; but when they have<br />never once desired to be represented, nay, when they<br />peremptorily pronounce on the total impossibility of the<br />circumstance, the people of England think it rather severe<br />to have that urged against them as a crime, which is<br />really their misfortune, and think if severer still to find<br />their justice continually impeached, for the purpose of<br />resisting their constitutional authority. If a discretionary<br />power is any where to be lodged in the present dispute,<br />the people of England are humbly of opinion that the<br />Americans may as well rely upon the tenderness of the<br />mother country, as the mother country depend upon the<br />gratitude of the Americans.</p>
<p>If the power of taxing the one at will is dangerous in<br />the hands of the other, is not the power of disobeying<br />laws at will to the full as dangerous in the hands of the<br />colonies? The moderation of the parent is surely equal<br />to the duty of the child; and surely as a concession must<br />be made either by the former or the latter, the concession<br />will be least disgraceful on the part of the daughter.</p>
<p>In this opinion the people of England are the more<br />grounded, because the Americans complain only partial-<br />ly of wanting representatives in the British parliament;<br />they acknowledge that the laws with Great Britain as<br />instituted for the regulation of their trade are perfectly<br />legal, though they were no more represented in the for-<br />mation of these laws than in the acts which lay an imme-<br />diate tax upon their property.</p>
<p>It will not consequently be so mighty a derogation<br />from their dignity, if they acknowledged the right of that<br />power to levy a trifling duty upon their wealth, which<br />they allow to prescribe limits in the acquisition of their<br />whole fortunes. On the contrary, men of sense must<br />wonder to hear the Americans gravely establishing a dis<br />tinction between internal and external taxation; to hear<br />them declaring all ordinances unjust with regard to their<br />interest, in which they have not concurred, and yet to<br />hear them at the same time confessing that the chief, by<br />which they can be affected, are unquestionably equitable<br />without their concurrence.</p>
<p><em>(We cannot possibly insert the whole of this piece at present;<br />the next paper shall contain the remainder.)</em></p>
<p><em>The following letter is supposed to be written by the famous<br /></em> Edmund Burke, <em>of the house of commons.</em><br />From the MORNING CHRONICLE.<br /><em>To the Right Honourable Lord</em> NORTH.<br /><em>My</em> LORD,<br />AS questions of the highest national importance are<br />now to be decided, and as measures pregnant with<br />danger and ruin are meditated, permit an <em>American</em> to<br />relate a few historical facts, which merit you most seri-<br />ous attention. This is propably the only address you<br />will receive on behalf of the colonies; when friends, con-<br />vinced of the efficacy of reason or truth in the present<br />conceit, have resolved to leave the British government to</p>
</div>
<div class="column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>gain wisdom by the more certain, but expensive means,<br />unhappy experience; concluding, that the consequence,<br />which must result from one hostile effort against America,<br />will produce more conviction than volumes of argument.<br />But as the public papers have been from some weeks a-<br />bandoned to those incendiaries who wish to spread carnage<br />and devastation through America, I shall make one sol-<br />litary attempt to frustrate their hopes, and vindicate the<br />claims of the colonies.</p>
<p>At the discovery of America, no person imagined any<br />part of that continent to be within the realm of England,<br />which was circumscribed within certain known and esta-<br />blished limits. Whatever was the title of the kings of<br />England at that time, to any share of America, it must<br />have been an acquired title; and the sovereign, then had,<br />and still has, an undoubted prerogative right, to alienate<br />for ever from the realm without consent of parliament,<br />any acquisition of foreign territory. This right has been<br />constantly exercised by the kings of England at almost<br />every treaty of peace, and at the sale of Dunkirk, &c.<br />and it was particularly manifested by the act for annexing<br />Gibraltar to the realm. Conformable to this prerogative<br />right, king James I, and Charles I. did alienate unto<br />certain persons, large territories in America, and by the<br />most solemn compacts, did form them into separate civil<br />states, with all the powers of distinct legislation and go-<br />vernment; particularly those of making peace and war,<br />coining money, pardoning crimes, conferring titles and<br />dignities, erecting and incorporating boroughs and cities,<br />establishing ports, harbours, &c. with a grant and release<br />of all subsidies and customs, to be levied within the same,<br />and an express exemption form foreign taxation. This is<br />evident from the most antient charters of Virginia and<br />Massachusetts Bay, but especially from that of Maryland,<br />which I have particularly stated in another performance.<br />From these charters it manifestly appears to have been<br />the royal intention to form these colonies into distinct<br />states (like Jersey, Guernsey, Isle of Man, &c.) dependent<br />on the crown, but not on the parliament of England;<br />and conformable to this intention, we find that when a<br />bill was several times brought into the house of com-<br />mons, to secure the people of England a liberty of fishing<br />on the coasts of America, messages were sent to the com-<br />mons by those monarchs, requiring them to proceed no<br />farther in the matter, and alleging that “America was<br />without the realm and jurisdiction of parliament;” and on<br />this principle the royal assent was withheld, during all<br />those reigns, from every bill affecting the colonies.<br />These and other facts which appear on the journals of<br />parliament, joined to the charters of the colonies, fully<br />demonstrate that they were really and intentionally cre-<br />ated distinct states, and exempted from the authority of<br />parliament. And their inhabitants having on the faith<br />of such fundamental terms and conditions, accepted,<br />cultivated, and improved the territories thus granted,<br />have an indefeasible right to maintain and enjoy the<br />privileges so acquired; and nothing can annex them to the<br />realms, or subject them to its legislature.</p>
<p>The right of the crown to alienate the soil of the colo-<br />nies, has not been disputed; but the right of exempting<br />their inhabitants from the jurisdiction of parliament, has<br />been denied without cause. <em>Allegiance and subjection</em> are<br />due from a people to their sovereign; but the alle-<br />giance of subjects to subjects, is an absurdity unknown<br />to the laws of this kingdom. The freedom of Britons<br />consists in this, that they participate the power of making<br />those laws by which they are governed; and wherever<br />this freedom is enjoyed, the legislative power must ne-<br />cessarily be confined to those who partake of it, either in<br />person or delegation; so long as the people of America<br />resided within the realm, shared in its government, and<br />were protected by it, so long they were necessarily bound<br />to obey, and support that government; but when, by<br />the consent of their sovereign, they migrated to Ireland<br />and American, though they continued within the kings’s<br />allegiance, yet ceasing to participate or enjoy the legis-<br />lative power of this realm, the operation of that power<br />over them necessarily terminated; and nothing more was<br />necessary to imancipate the people of America from the<br />authority of parliament, than to permit them to leave<br />the realm; which nobody will deny the king’s right of<br />doing; and should the people of England, by their dele-<br />gates, continue to exercise the powers of legislation and<br />taxation upon the colonists, after such separation from<br />the realm, they must exalt themselves to the sovereignty<br />of America, and render the inhabitants of that country,<br />the <em>subjects</em>of <em>subjects</em>; a condition more humiliating than<br />those of the Spartan <em>Helotes</em>; for if a people be subject to<br />any supreme power, in which they have no participation,<br />whether it be legal in a single person, or in thousands,<br />the power is<em>despotism</em>, and the subjects of it are <em>slaves</em></p>
<p>After the death of King Charles the First, the com-<br />monwealth parliament which usurped the rights of the<br />crown, naturally concluded, that by those rights they<br />had acquired some kind of supremacy over the colonies<br />of America; the people of New England had indeed ap-<br />proved their proceedings, and were therefore left without<br />any exercise of such supremacy by the commonwealth<br />parliament; but Virginia, and other places, having held<br />out for the king, were reduced by force; and the condi-<br />tions on which they submitted, clearly discover that the<br />supremacy, claimed by this parliament, was no more<br />than <em>nominal</em><.p></p>
<p>The articles of the treaty were as follow:</p>
<p>”I. The plantation of Virginia, and all the inhabitants<br />thereof, shall be and remain in cue subjection to the com-<br />monwealth of England; not as a conquered country, but<br />as a country submitting by their own voluntary act; and<br />shall enjoy such freedoms and privileges as belong to the<br />free people of England.</p>
<p>”II. The general assembly as formerly shall convene<br />and transact the affairs of the colony.</p>
<p>”III. The people of Virginia shall have a free trade<br />as the people of England, to all places, and all nations.</p>
<p>”IV. Virginia shall be free from all taxes, customs,<br />and impositions whatsoever, and none shall be imposed<br />on them, without the consent of their general assembly;<br />and that neither forts nor castles shall be erected, nor<br />garrisons maintained, without their consent.”</p>
<p>From hence your lordship may discover, that the<br />rights of the colonies, in those early days, were acknow-<br />ledged; and that even those who had brought a monarch</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="”column">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>to the scaffold had the moderation and justice to <em>repect</em><br />and preserve those rights. Nor did the Virginians esteem<br />the privileges granted by this treaty as any valuable ac-<br />qusition; for (considering themselves as a <em>distinct state)</em><br />they in Janurary 1659, invested Sir William Berkley<br />with the government, and proclaimed Charles the second<br />king of England, Scotland, France, Ireland, and Vir-<br />ginia, some time before his restoration to England.</p>
<p>After the restoration, the act of navigation, and that<br />of the 15th of Charles II. were passed; but these I have<br />fully considered in another place; as also that of the 25th<br />of the same reign, which for the regulation of commerce<br />(as the preamble expresses)first laid duties on certain ar-<br />ticles in the colonies. This, however, was held to be<br />such an infringement of their rights, that a general re-<br />volution ensued in Virginia, and the king’s governor was<br />deposed; and when after Bacon’s death, this insurrection<br />subsided, agents were sent to England, to <em>remonstrate</em><br />”against taxes and impositions being laid on the colony<br />by any authority but that of the general assembly.” And<br />this monstrance produced a declaration from the king,<br />under the privy seal, dated the 19th of April, 1676, de-<br />claring, “that taxes ought to be laid upon the pro-<br />prietors and inhabitants of the colony, but by the com-<br />mon content of the general assembly, except such impo-<br />sitions as the parliament should lay on the commodities<br /><em>imported into England</em> from the colony.” And though<br />the duties which had given rife to this remonstrance and<br />declaration were not wholly repealed until some time<br />after, yet when a supply was wanted for the support of<br />government in Virginia, the king, in 1679, framed (in<br />England) an act for the purpose and sent it thither by<br />Lord Colepepper, when it was passed into a law, and<br />with the consent of the general assembly of the colony of<br />Virginia, &c.” Here we see the sovereign naming him-<br />self as a part of the legislature of that province, and<br />thereby manifesting that he considered it as a <em>supreme<br />legislature.</em> For if the colonies be a part of the realm it is<br />a violation of the great charter of king John, and the<br />bill and declaration of rights, for the king personally, or<br />his governors, to join any other assembly than the<br />parliament, in any act for raising money from them;<br />it is to subject them to complex taxations, which are re-<br />pugnant to the British constitution.</p>
<p>In 1691, when the new charter of Massachusetts Bay<br />was granted by king William, the agents thought it not<br />adequate to the defects and expectations of the province,<br />and were unwilling to accept it. This, however the<br />majority of them, after consulting the most able lawyers,<br />resolved to do, and in justification of their conduct, sub-<br />cribbed an instrument containing the reasons of it. The<br />last article of which will shew the idea then entertained<br />of the fights of that province: :The colony (say these<br />gentlemen) is now made a province, and the general<br />court has, with the king’s approbation, as much power<br />in New England as the king and parliament have in<br />England. They have all English privileges and liber-<br />ties, and can be touched by<em>no law</em> and by <em>no tax,</em> but<br />of their own making.” Nor had the people of New<br />England any reason to alter this opinion of their rights<br />until since the conclusion of the last war; no imposition<br />upon them having in that long interval been attempted<br />by parliamentary authority. There are many other facts<br />which might be adduced to the same purport; but these<br />will suffice to shew that the claim of the colonies to the<br />privileges of distinct legislation and government, and to<br />an exemption form parliamentary taxation, are not new,<br />as some have ignorantly or wickedly pretended. They<br />will also shew, that from the earliest years of their settle-<br />ment the rights of the colonies have been known, and<br />with but little variation have been acknowledged, respect-<br />ed, and maintained, even by the legislature of this coun-<br />try; and the few instances as usurpations of the strong<br />against the weak; and “<em>quod ab initio injustum est, nullum<br />potest habere juris effectum.”</em> Grotius. There are other<br />gorunds, however, on which the adversaries of the colo-<br />nies have chosen to manage this contest; and upon these<br />grounds, I shall meet then in my next. I am, my lord,<br />your’s, &c. E. B.</p>
<p>Mrs. RIND,<br />BY inserting the following proposals, for the conside-<br />ration of the house of burgesses, in your useful<br />paper, you will oblige a great number of your readers.</p>
<p>1. That it be enacted, that the vestries of every parish<br />be elected, by their parishioners respectively, every ten,<br />twelve, or fourteen years, which will effectually remedy<br />the many and various impositions, and illegal and arbi-<br />trary measures, that are so frequently and justly com-<br />plained of; it will quiet and ease the minds of numbers<br />of the parishioners will prevent the frequent applications<br />to the assembly for redress, and will thereby save a great<br />deal of time and expence.</p>
<p>2. That for the dispatch of business in the county<br />courts, and a more effectual method of coming at justice,<br />it be enacted, *that the courts in every county respective-<br />ly, or a majority of them, be empowered, on some court<br />day annually, to nominate and appoint twenty four days<br />of the fittest and ablest men of their county (not being<br />of the bench, nor of the bar) to serve as jurymen for the<br />year ensuing, twelve of whom to attend and serve, if<br />required, every court day, either alternately or indiscri-<br />minutely, or the whole twentyfour, when so many of the<br />causes are ready for trial as to require two juries in one<br />day, the said jurymen to be subjected t a fine or penalty<br />for nonattendance, or refusing to serve when required,<br />unless in cases of sickness or disability, or other reason-<br />able excuse, be offered to the satisfaction of the court;<br />and when a sufficient number of the said jurymen be not<br />present, that then the sheriff to summon enough of the<br />bystanders to make up the deficiency; that they or such<br />of them as serve, shall be paid, bu the party cast, some<br />moderate fee, just enough to defray their reasonable ex-</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>pences. Moreover, that whenever there are to be any<br />new magistrates added to the commission of the peace,<br />the court shall nominate, for that purpose, some of the<br />said jurymen who have served the most constantly and<br />diligently, and none else. This may encourage the ju-<br />rymen to inform themselves with the laws of their coun-<br />try, and instill in them a better notion of equity.</p>
<p>By this, or some such law, the present evil of weak<br />juries will be removed, the causes will be determined<br />with much more dispatch and justice, and in time our<br />benches will be filled with abler magistrates.</p>
<p>Mrs. Rind,</p>
<p>The enclosed was intended for your last paper, but by<br />some accident miscarried. Your publication of it this<br />week will oblige A CUSTOMER.</p>
<p>ON Monday the 2d of May was celebrated in Norfolk<br />the anniversary of Saint TAMMINY, the tutelar<br />saint of the American colonies. At one o’clock a royal<br />salute of twenty guns from a battery erected for the<br />purpose, ushered in the rejoicings of the day, and in the<br />evening a grand entertainment was given at the Mason’s<br />Hall by the sons of the saint, to which there was a gene-<br />ral invitation, and the company exceedingly numerous<br />and brilliant, consisting of near 400 persons. At six, the<br />ball was opened by one of our worthy burgesses, in the<br />character of King TAMMINY, properly accoutred in<br />the antient habit of this country, at which time another<br />royal salute was given. The ladies, whose fair bosoms<br />on this occasion seemed more particularly animated with<br />a generous love of their country, indulged the compa-<br />ny with their presence till four in the morning; and after<br />their retirement, the sons of Saint TAMMINY, accord-<br />ing to the immemorial custom of these countries, encir-<br />cled their <em>king,</em> and practiced the antient mysterious <em>war<br />dance,</em> so highly descriptive of the warmest attachment<br />and freedom of spirit. The whole was conducted with<br />the strictest decorum, and to the universal satisfaction of<br />the assembly; while the cordiality with which the sons<br />of the <em>brother saints, Dt. George, St. Andrew, St. Patrick,</em><br />and <em>St. David,</em> entered into the general mirth of the<br />evening, gave particular pleasure, and was truly emble-<br />matical of that happy union which has long subsisted<br />between the parent state and her colonies, while <em>Britain</em><br />was <em>just,</em> and <em>America</em> was <em>free,</em> and which every lover<br />of his country would wish should still subsist for ages yet<br />to come.</p>
<p><em>But should corruption, with despotic rage,<br />Seize the strong pillars that support the state,<br />Strain ev’ry nerve to pull destruction down,<br />To blend in ruins freedom and her sons,<br />And crush our growing empire in its youth,<br />Then let us rouze submission from her knees,<br />And stand like heroes firm in its defence;<br />Then let one spirit of a</em> BRUTUS <em>reign,<br />And martial sounds be music to each ear;<br />While</em> some <em>great prince of</em> BRUNSWICK’S <em>glorious line<br />Ranks our wide armies, and inspires to war.<br />Thus shall we see and triumph in the fight,<br />While malice frets, and fumes, and gnaws her chains.</em><br />AMERICA <em>shall blast her fiercest foes,<br />Shall brave the dismal shocks of bloody war,<br />And in unrivall’d pomp resplendent rife,<br />And shine</em> sole <em>empress of the western world!</em></p>
<p><em>DUTCH FANS,</em><br />FOR cleaning wheat or any other kind of grain, are<br />made and sold by <em>ADAM EKART,</em> in Market street,<br />Philadelphia. Likewise rolling screens, sieves for sifting<br />iron ore, &c. warranted of the best make; also all sorts of<br />wire work, for cleaning wheat, barley, rye, flax seed,<br />Indian corn, oats, or any other kind of grain, and wire<br />short-cloths for millers. The same to be had of captain<br />Matthew Phripp, in Norfolk.</p>
<p>CARRIAGES of various sorts and prices to be sold by<br />ELKANAH DEANE, coachmaker, at his shop in<br />Palace street, Williamsburg, who makes all kinds of<br />coaches, chariots, postchairs, phaetons, curricles, chairs,<br />and chaises, with harness of every sort. Carriages of<br />every kind are repaired, painted, gilded, and japanned,<br />in the best manner, and on the most reasonable terms,<br />for cash. Gentlemen or ladies residing in the country,<br />by sending their commands to said Deane, may depend<br />on being well used, and their commands executed with<br />the greatest care and dispatch. He returns his unfeigned<br />thanks to those gentlemen and ladies who have favoured<br />him with their custom, and it determined to make it his<br />study to please all who are kind enough to employ him.<br />----Being in want of a few more JOURNEYMEN, he<br />will give the following prices, provided they are good<br />hands: For every chair body, single or double, according<br />to my directions, I will give four pounds, for every chair<br />carriage eighteen shillings, for every pair of wheels 22<br />shillings, and so in proportion for all other work, I<br />would willingly take two or three apprentices who have<br />been genteelly brought up, and tolerably educated; no<br />others need apply.---Said Deane has some choice brandy,<br />gin, rum, and several kind of cordials; such as anniseed<br />water, orange ditto, clove ditto, allfours, cherry brandy,<br />and raspberry ditto; all which he will dispose of on rea-<br />sonable terms, for cash, to those who will take a quanitity</p>
<p>THE subscriber, of Sussex county, being under the<br />disagreeable necessity of taking this method of<br />acquainting the public that his wife Sarah Northington<br />has left his bed and board, therefore forewarns all per-<br />sons from trusting her on his account, as he will pay no<br />debts of her contracting.<br />May 5, 1774. SAMUEL NORTHINGTON.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>JUST arrived in York river, the Brilliant, Captain<br />Miller, from London, with a choice healthy indented<br />SERVANTS, the sale of which will begin at Richmond<br />town on Wednesday the 25th of May; among which<br />are the following tradesmen, viz. blacksmiths, brasiers,<br />edgetool makers, bricklayers, shoemakers,<br />stone masons, carpenters, joiners, and cabinetmakers,<br />cloth weavers, stocking weavers, barbers and peruke-<br />makers, gardeners, farmers, labourers and husbandmen,<br />book-keepers and schoolmasters, tailors, silkdyers, bakers,<br />painters, leatherdressers, sawyers, butchers, a steward,<br />groom, surgeon, &c. I will sell them very cheap, for<br />ready money, or tobacco; and for those on credit, bond<br />and security will be required.<br />THOMAS SMITH.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, on the 6th day of June, at the late<br />dwellinghouse of Mr. Robinson Daingerfield, deceased,<br />in King & Queen county,<br />ALL the household and kitchen furniture, most of <br />which are very good, a parcel of good books, a<br />large and small microscope, and a perspective glass, with<br />views. Twelve months credit will be given for all sums<br />above forty shillings, on giving bond, with good securi-<br />ty; those bonds that are not paid off at the day to carry<br />interest from the date.<br />THOMAS LOWRY,<br />2* W. DAINGERFIELD, administrators.</p>
<p>I HAVE for sale 481 acres of land adjoining the lands<br />of James Bates, deceased, on Skiminoe creek, in York<br />county. The land is very convenient to Williamsburg,<br />to three parish churches, quakers meetinghouse, several<br />gristmills, two warehouses, and a navigable landing.<br />It is well timbered with oak suitable for framing, scant-<br />ling, fire wood, and fencing. This land joins Fleming<br />Bates, who will shew the same to any person inclinable<br />to purchase; and I do authorize th said Fleming Bates<br />to sell the same, and will abide by whatever agreement<br />he may make. ‘ 2* JOHN BATES.</p>
<p>STRAYED, or stolen, from the subscriber, in Wil-<br />liamsburg, on Sunday the 1st of May, a white mare,<br />about 13 hands one or two inches high, with a hanging<br />mane and tail, paces and gallops, one of her hips rather<br />higher than the other. I bought her of one William<br />Archer from Louisa county. I do not recollect that<br />she has any brand. Whoever brings the said mare to me<br />shall be well rewarded for their trouble, and all reason-<br />able charges paid. JOHN HOLT.</p>
<p>GEORGE the third, by the grace of God, of Great<br />Britain, France, and Ireland, king, defender of<br />the faith, &c. To the sheriff of Hampshire county,<br />greeting: We command you that you summon Charles<br />Lynch to appear before the justices of our said county<br />court of chancery on the second Tuesday of next month,<br />to answer a bill in chancery, exhibited against him and<br />Abraham Hite, gentlemen, by Matthew Bush, of the city<br />of Philadelphia, and province of Pennsylvania; and this<br />he shall in no wise omit, under the penalty of 100l. and<br />have then there this writ. Witness Gabriel Jones, clerk<br />of our said court, this 14th day of April, in the 14th year<br />of our reign. 3 GABRIEL JONES.</p>
<p>COMMITTED to Gloucester goal, the 13th of this<br />instant (May) a negro man who calls himself by the<br />name of William, and says he belongs to Pater Funnell,<br />of New England, and has been absent from thence ten<br />years; he is about 35 years of age, about 5 feet 10<br />inches high, speaks a little broken, much pockpitted, and<br />has a very particular scar on his nose. His says he has sailed<br />to many parts of Europe and America. His master may<br />have him on proving his property, and paying charges.<br />WILLIAM SMITH, gaoler.</p>
<p>COMMITTED to the goal of Northumberland, on<br />the 2d of May, a negro man who calls himself<br />Charles, and says he belongs to Mr. John Booth, in<br />Amelia. He was purchased by Samuel Griffin of John<br />Blackwell’s estate. He is a well set fellow, and about 25<br />years old. The owner is desired to apply for him.<br />3+ JOHN CRAIN, gaolor.</p>
<p>TAKEN up in Buckingham, six hogs, three of<br />which are barrows, with bob tails, the others are<br />sows; they are all black and white, with a crop and two<br />slits in the right ear, and half the under part of the left<br />taken off, in the manner of a fox’s ear; they are all about<br />one year old. Poster, and appraised to 2l. 5s.<br />+SETH CASON.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Culpeper, a black horse about 4<br />feet 8 or 9 inches high, about 7 years old; has a <br />small star in his forehead, and branded on the near shoul-<br />der and buttock P. Poster, and appraised to 17l.<be</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Culpeper, a black cow and calf,<br />the cow marked with a small crop in each ear, and<br />then slip down and cut out. Likewise a red brindled<br />heifer, about 2 or 3 ears old, marked with an underkeel<br />in the left ear, and swallowfork in the right. The Cow<br />and calf are appraised to 4l. and the heifer to 1l. 10s.<br />+JAMES SLAUGHTER, jun.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Loudoun, near West’s tavern, a<br />small light brindle cow, appears to be 9 or 10<br />years old, has a white face, and some white under her<br />belly, has on a middle sized bell, tied with a rope,<br />marked on the right ear, with a crop, slit, and swallow-<br />fork in the left. Posted, and appraised to 2l.5s.<br />+ JOHN TAYLOR.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Amherst, a black mare, 4 feet 5<br />inches high, 13 or 15 years old, with a white spot<br />on her right buttock, a star in her forehead, and brand-<br />ed on the near buttock with 3 dots; she had on a bell,<br />Posted, and appraised to 6l.<br />§WILLIAM LAVENDER.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Lunenburg, a bay horse, about 9 or<br />10 years old, 4 feet 6 inches high, has some saddle<br />spots, and branded on the off buttock and shoulder HC.<br />Poster, and appraised to 10l.<br />RICHARD STONE, senior.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Dunmore, a dark bay mare, about<br />4 feet 6 inches high, branded on the bear buttock<br />HF, has a star in her forehead, newly shod before, with<br />a bell on, and paces naturally. Posted and appraised<br />to 8l.*LAWRENCE SNAPP.</p>
<p></p>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia gazette. Number 419, Thursday May 19, 1774
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2019.15
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-05-19
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/077131de5422057cd74391aedbce620f.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=KSdnqjiWqyfTGCPGWUVKHd%7EDcYHgSBg0g5Yo5PUVRtTQEVIf99mW9jDJGLc8PnwXyI5oAm3g5spCHUOtw6TLE-5%7Ebv%7EWg5GwDQOTTkwXOCGbF2d-uDidTnXJKI2BE-9%7EOklalmucFPrmPKnC5ucafyUO4YCt2CqHsfvHZ8LGhpKNW6atbjH9yNq7nD2UsNQ-NXgql4e7uRb4rnqQFbppncOCPBBscCs2RvdVWRtZFitkNXJDsesM9tzvzPlXjDCx6AiCa7miOoaOxFaYti4WJDaVZ1chXCqfG5jVl6U41he8pgUpYZt9O54RUNrjZxSNy1SOTMHEqjYd9ZyaCQZxLQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
0c3419faf85b2f0fc4019261ec11ebb9
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/41ce7c664545776c1e502595b7cfba92.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=vtGSSRPs%7EhfWfVAxln5HWG2fAzym1zbCap2hpFTf2rIL56VHb0tQwsU0E194dwmXpVkwlLy953inA1WZDEEIE7ZaP-0FghNCm0PC%7EOeQRhSMAnMQkeUTd8KFnxjzln2Xpc8XHTnSBK60qO0c8bsHTDC4Drkt9cB5EFb-9LE4t12XPQaaRdGqXJjgIbCthNZrMtQW0poLslfTAtQQGB4eXmr6Pkk0SP4erTYsLB8MNLXLQAM-H4RCAh-HvyF42unOJGUvex3ve7Zf%7Eju3XgJSuiULX2CcoTlkqJ0mUhqrqXJLAzjRQG-4kYUnDsHKeObHBp5cwBw%7E53FC8qlgVkkk6A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c62164529549187ad4bd09117d045fc3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page1></h5>
<p>May 19, 1774. SUPPLEMENT TO THE VIRGINIA GAZETTE. NUMBER 419.</p>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>Mrs. RIND,<br />THE inclination we all possess to stand fair in<br />the good opinion of the world obliges me to<br />beg a place in your paper, that I may con-<br />vince the public of the disingenuous behaviour<br />of the sheriff of Berkeley, in endeavouring, as<br />I am informed, to prepossess it with an opinion that I<br />have lately acted in direct opposition to the laws, by not<br />peaceably permitting him to wrest from me, with an arm-<br />ed force, all my property, without any lawful authority.<br />The following plain relation of facts will, I hope, easily<br />do it.</p>
<p>Some time ago Mr. James Hunter, of Fredericksburg,<br />obtained a judgment against me in the county court of<br />Frederick for a considerable sum of money, and upon<br />his giving me some indulgence, I promised him, that if<br />he should be obliged to issue an execution against my<br />estate, I would not replevy. The time of indulgence<br />elapsed, and I was not able to discharge all his demand.<br />A fieri facias then issued to the sheriff of Berkeley; a de-<br />puty who had farmed the office informed me of it. I<br />immediately delivered him a schedule of effects of about<br />3500£. value, upon which he levied it. These goods he<br />left in my possession till the day appointed for the sale,<br />without ever demanding any security from me for the<br />delivery of them at that time. The deputy called upon<br />me on the day in order to see, and I as readily delivered<br />the goods to him then as i did when he executed them.<br />But no buyers appeared, and he was obliged to return<br />the writ without the desired effect. At this time nothing<br />could have induced me to replevy. A venditioni exponas<br />then issued, but nothing was sold, for the same reason.<br />A second issued; still there was no sale, and for the same<br />reason. But I continued to deliver effects to the sheriff,<br />a negro, and sundry other goods, and offered the plaintiff<br />himself (then present) as much of my estate, at three<br />fourths of the value, or upon three months credit, as<br />would pay off his whole demand; both of which reason-<br />able proposals he refused. Probably a want of the money,<br />which should and would have been paid him long ago<br />if I could have done it, made him forget his usual calm-<br />ness and lenity, and obliged him to insist on a sale at any<br />rate, and upon any terms. Thus situated, what could I<br />do? Who has fortitude enough patiently to see his for-<br />tune sold for one quarter of its value? Who can hear the<br />cries of a distressed family, with poverty staring them in<br />the face, when they might be hushed into peace by offend<br />ing only against a punctilio of honour? Which I think I<br />am released from by offering my estate at 3/4 of its value.<br />Let those who can boast their stoicism; I frankly own I<br />could not. A third venditioni exponas issued; and upon<br />my tendering to the sheriff, who had levied the execution,<br />bond and security, approved by him, to pay the debt,<br />&c. within three months, he accepted it, and restored<br />my goods to me, having first informed himself from his<br />counsel that he had a right to do so. I then thought the<br />matter over, and was exerting myself to discharge the<br />bond by the time it became due; but to my great sur-<br />prize, at the succeeding Frederick court, a motion was<br />made by Mr. Hunter’s attorney, to quash the sheriff’s<br />return on the last venditioni exponas, viz. The within<br />goods and chattels are replevied by bond, and to direct<br />the clerk to issue a new one, in which they succeeded. I<br />was at a loss to know what this order meant, or how a<br />venditioni exponas could issue, when it appeared to the<br />court that the goods, by being replevied, had been<br />peaceably delivered to me, and that the writ could not,<br />for that reason, be executed. I imagined that the re-<br />plevy bond, in which my friend stood engaged with me<br />for the payment of this debt, would have been delivered<br />up, or otherwise cancelled; but it was not, and still is in<br />the clerk’s office. I then waited with impatience for the<br />event. The deputy sheriff was said to be too indulgent<br />although I am convinced that he did no more than he<br />thought strictly legal, and agreeable to the advice he had<br />received from his counsel. The sheriff himself determin-<br />ed to interfere, not from any particular attachment or<br />regard he has to doing justice, but to wreak his vengeance<br />upon me for endeavouring to force from him that justice<br />which a court and HONEST JURY had determined I had<br />a right to. Some few days after this last venditioni ex-<br />ponis issued, the deputy sheriff called upon me, and in-<br />formed me that the high sheriff had taken upon himself<br />the execution of that writ, and desired to know whether<br />if the goods were demanded I would deliver them. I<br />laughed at him, and told him, what every man in my<br />situation would have done, that the effects had been<br />peaceably delivered to me by the officers who had taken<br />them, and that therefore he might know what I would<br />do. Who would do what must be of such mischief to<br />him? Will any man do wrong to himself? Surely, Sir,<br />you forget the situation of this affair; and words to the<br />like effect. These, or words like these, passed between<br />us. The next morning, long before sunrise, the sheriff,<br />with about forty men in arms, came to my plantation,<br />and without making any demand of my goods, or in-<br />forming me what he wanted, broke open the doors of<br />my outhouses, carried off part of my negroes, some that<br />had never been executed, broke down my fences, entered<br />my fields, drove away many of my horses, and at length<br />came in great parade to my dwellinghouse, unlocked the<br />doors of my wife’s chamber, took from thence, and car-<br />ried away, a bed and furniture, and absolutely refused<br />to inform me by what authority he did so, although fre-<br />quently demanded of him. Amazed at such proceedings,<br />and having, from my earliest infancy, been taught to<br />know, “that a man’s dwellinghouse was his castle, his<br />sanctuary, to which he might fly for protection of himself<br />and goods, the doors of which could not be broke open<br />but at the suit of the king,” and well assured that I had<br />not committed any thing criminal (unless it be criminal<br />not to pay a dept when it is impossible to do it) I won-<br />dered where he would stop. Upon reflection, I thought<br />unassisted at that time by any cousel) that since in a<br />civilized country the civil power is sufficient to execute<br />its laws, and that an armed force ought not, under the<br />pretence of doing justice, to be employed in laying waste<br />a man’s property, the sheriff had certainly offended<br />against those laws he had solemnly sworn to preserve and<br />execute; but whether it amounted to a felony, riot, or</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>breach of the peace, I could not determine. The next<br />day I applied to a magistrate, and informed him, on<br />oath, of the treatment I had received of the sheriff’s<br />hands. He issued his warrant, directed to any sworn<br />officer, reciting the above facts, and commanded him to<br />bring the sheriff, and many others who had assisted him,<br />before him, or some other magistrate, to answer the said<br />complaint. A constable informed that the sheriff, with<br />others were under arms at the gaol, summoned about<br />twenty men to assist him in the execution of that warrant,<br />who determined to execute it peaceably, proceeded to the<br />gaol (the gaoler and some others there with him being<br />among the trespassers) without the least direction from<br />me or intention to rescue or retake the goods, &c. I<br />having by this time determined to seek my remedy, if<br />any, at law. The gaoler, after some shew of resistance,<br />decoyed the constable into the gaol, immediately locked<br />the door, and drew his sword upon him, assisted by ano-<br />ther fellow, who presented a gun at his breast. Upon<br />the constable’s calling out for assistance, the men attend-<br />ing broke in to relieve him, and the negroes then con-<br />fined took that opportunity to escape, and brought home<br />the horses with them. This, and this alone, was the<br />true reason why the gaol was broke, and not any inten-<br />tion to rescue the goods, as has been most falsly sug-<br />gested. To endeavour to secure these negroes from a<br />second attack, I sent them, with many others, to my<br />brother’s in Frederick county, wither they were pur-<br />sued by a party of the Berkeley militia, without any<br />warrant to retake them. All were here taken in the<br />night, brought back, and sold by the sheriff for any<br />thing he could get for them. I attended this sale, ex-<br />plained to the people the manner in which the goods<br />were taken, and forbade them to purchase at their peril.<br />Upon the gaol being thus broke open, the sheriff applied<br />to two magistrates who, upon oath being made, issued<br />their warrant to bring the constable, together with the<br />men that attended him, and all others found aiding, &c.<br />before them, to answer his complaint for “feloniously,<br />arbitrarily, and in an atrocious, riotous manner, con-<br />trary to the peace of our sovereign lord the king, and<br />the good rule of government, breaking open the doors<br />of the gaol, &c. &c. &c.” The men, thus charged and <br />loaded with the most reproachful terms, thinking they<br />had not offended, but if they had, ready to receive pu-<br />nishment adequate to their offences, upon being inform-<br />ed that such a warrant would issue the next day, and that<br />a body of the militia in arms would assist in executing it,<br />went to two magistrates, informed them of their situati-<br />on, and that they were then come to deliver themselves<br />up, to be dealt with as the law might direct. The ma-<br />gistrates thinking they had been guilty of nothing crimi-<br />nal, and but only of a breach of the peace, and knowing<br />all the men to be residents in the county, and that they<br />would appear at the next county court, which wa to<br />set in three days, refused to commit them. Soon after<br />their return home, they were arrested, under the warrant<br />from two other magistrates, by a deputy sheriff, and<br />a body of armed men, hurried to a tavern near the<br />courthouse, and there confined under guard about 18<br />hours. The next day the county court was to be held,<br />but the magistrates refusing to sit, because not only the<br />clerk was absent, but his deputy was in the number of<br />prisoners, and because some of them were informed that<br />the sheriff, should the court sit, was determined to enter<br />the courthouse with an ARMED FORCE, and take the clerk<br />away, the prisoners were brought before some of them<br />in the courthouse to be tried. The king’s counsel was<br />heard in support of the charge; but when the prisoners<br />arose, and moved that the militia, then in arms sur-<br />rounding the courthouse, and blocking up the doors,<br />might be removed, or that their arms might be taken<br />from them, it was refused him, though the courthouse<br />was so full that an escape was impracticable. The<br />magistrates determined the offence to be felonious, and<br />ordered a court to be summoned for their examination,<br />as criminals, and admitted the prisoners to bail them-<br />selves in 1500£. each, and two securities, for each of<br />them, in 750£. each, notwithstanding they were informed<br />that almost every man was in very indigent circumstances,<br />and that the excessiveness of the sum might amount to an<br />imprisonment.</p>
<p>These, Madam, are the facts, or the greater part of<br />them, without the lest exaggeration; every one of<br />which I can prove by undeniable testimony. Had I set<br />forth the number of taunts, incivilities, and indeed as-<br />saults, I have met with in the course of this very trou-<br />blesome and extraordinary affair, it might be thought I<br />intended to move the pity, instead of desiring the impar-<br />tial judgment, of the candid public. I wish the sheriff<br />may have stated the facts as fairly and as truly. If he<br />has not, I hope any gentlemen, who have been preju-<br />diced against me by private misrepresentations, will pub-<br />lish their states, and let us stand or fall upon the proof<br />of our assertions.</p>
JACOB HITE.
<p>STOLEN from the subscriber’s door on Saturday<br />night the 7th instant (May) a dark brown bay horse,<br />with saddle and bridle on, about 15 hands high, nine<br />years old, trots and gallops, is a little touched in his<br />wind, has a long bob tail and hanging mane, and no<br />perceivable brand. Whoever brings the said horse to<br />me shall receive TWENTY SHILLINGS reward, and<br />FIVE POUNDS on conviction of the thief.<br />JOHN DRAPER.<br />WILLIAMSBURG, May 10, 1774.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Buckingham, a small bay mare,<br />with three white feet, has a small star in her fore-<br />head, grey hairs in her tail and mane, docked, but no<br />perceivable brand, about 2 or 3 years old, about 4 feet<br />1 inch high, and is very gentle. Posted, and appraised<br />to 3£. 10s. * ISAAC CHASTIN.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, a small dark iron grey mare colt, about<br />2 years old, has a long tail, and is branded on the<br />rear buttock, as well as I can make out, [upside down C] I. Posted,<br />and appraised to 2£. 5s. JOHN BRUIN.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>Just imported from London, and to be disposed of by the<br />subscriber, at a low advance, for ready money only,<br />A NEAT and elegant assortment of MILLINERY,<br />JEWELLERY, and other GOODS, which are<br />exceeding well chose, and in the newest taste, viz. Patent,<br />nett, and blond lace hoods, rich suits of ditto, puffs,<br />whims, fancy, true Italian, and gauze caps, ditto nosegay<br />and breast flowers, sultains, egrets, fillets, baves, plumes,<br />minionet lace, blond ditto, and thread edging, gentle-<br />mens laced ruffles, ladies tupees and French curles, blue,<br />black, and white ostrich feathers, riding hats, suitable<br />gloves to ditto, Jacob’s ladder, velvet collars, locket,<br />crown taste, and a great variety of other ribbands, true<br />Italian, lace, ribband, fancy, and silver stomachers, silver<br />corals and bells, plain and set combs, paste buckles,<br />bows and soletaires, various kinds of sprig and paste pins,<br />blue agate set round with marcasite, pinch wax, real gar-<br />net and mock, paste, white wax and wax pearl necklaces<br />and earrings, cluster, garnet, plain gold, and marcasite<br />lockets and crosses, black pins, earring and stay hooks,<br />paste ditto, gold bands, buttons, and loops, watch strings,<br />keys, seals, and trinkets, smelling bottles, tortoiseshell dan-<br />dy prats, pocketbooks with instruments, fine India cot-<br />ton thread, floss, and sewing silk, green silk purses,<br />needles, pins bobbins and tapes, single and double black<br />pins, curling tongues, and hair powder, patent, ribbed,<br />and white China hose, fine cotton and thread ditto, Dids-<br />bury’s shoes, Gresham’s pumps, pink, blue, and white<br />sattin ditto, pink, blue and white sattin quilts, black<br />russell ditto, beautiful wedding and French mounted<br />fans, second mourning, black, and common ditto, rich<br />white flowered and plain lustring, shot and striped ditto,<br />plain and striped taffeties, India chintzes and callicoe,<br />fine Irish linen, superfine India dimity, black bombazeen,<br />grained kid, lamb, silk gloves and mits, boys caps and<br />feathers, chipped and cane hats, bonnets and cloaks,<br />book and thick muslins, cambricks, lawns, white and<br />black gauzes, catgut and queen’s nett book muslin and<br />lawns, needle worked aprons, black, white and coloured<br />flowered casting handkerchiefs, muslin, lawn, gauze,<br />and checked ditto, rich sword suits, undressed dolls, very<br />nice brass mounted trucks, either for chariot or chaise;<br />and a multiplicity of other articles, too tedious to enu-<br />merate. M. DICKERSON.<br />N. B. She returns those gentlemen and ladies, who<br />have favoured her with their custom, her most cordial<br />thanks; particularly her good friends in the country;<br />and as it shall ever be her study to give satisfaction, they<br />may rely on their orders being attended to with the<br />strictest care, by their much obliged, and very humble<br />servant, M. D.</p>
<p>PURSUANT to a decree of the honourable the gene-<br />ral court will be sold, for ready money, at Hamp-<br />shire courthouse, on the second Tuesday in June next,<br />three tracts of LAND, of 500 acres each, in the said<br />county of Hampshire, on George Andis’s mill run, and<br />adjoining the lands of Henry Heath, the property of the<br />late Mr. Joseph Watson, deceased, and by him mort-<br />gaged to Mr. Garret Meade of Philadelphia, who has<br />obtained a decree for a sale to satisfy his demand. A<br />conveyance, with special warranty, will be made the pur-<br />chaser by The SHERIFF of HAMPSHIRE.<br />*<sup>*</sup>* These lands were formerly advertised in this paper<br />for sale, and prevented by bad weather, but will now be<br />sold without fail.</p>
<p>DUMFRIES, May 2, 1774.<br />THE members of the Dumfries jockey club are de-<br />sired to meet here on Saturday the 11th of June,<br />to settle the time of the races. Such members as cannot<br />conveniently attend, and want to fix them at any parti-<br />cular time, will please to signify the same by letter to<br />me, and their respective proposals shall be laid before the<br />club. 3 RICHARD GRAHAM.</p>
<p>To be SOLD in Brunswick, on the Great Creek,<br />SEVEN hundred and thirty acres of land, most part<br />of which is good for tobacco. There are several<br />improvements on it, as to buildings, a good orchard, &c.<br />Any person inclinable to purchase may know the terms<br />by applying to the subscriber, on the premises.<br />3 JOHN HOGWOOD.</p>
<p>ALL persons indebted to the estate of Richard Kel-<br />sick, deceased, of the borough of Norfolk, are<br />requested to make immediate payment; and those who<br />have any demands against the said estate, are desired to<br />make them known to<br />JOSEPH HUTCHINGS, Executor.</p>
<p>WHEREAS it has been reported by some ill disposed<br />person or persons, and that in the most virulent<br />and sarcastic terms, which is commonly the case of<br />malevolents, with a determined resolution it should<br />reach the ears of every one, and was consequently propa-<br />gated by some or other of the vicious race of mortals,<br />who delight in nothing better than backbiting their neigh-<br />bours, that I the subscriber hereof have been guilty of<br />using too much familiarity amongst my scholars, and<br />thereby rendered them disobedient, so that it could not<br />possibly be expected they would profit much in coming to<br />me; In vindication of that notorious falsity, and for the<br />beings, I do entreat him or them, to repair to my<br />school room, at Mr. Robert Jackson’s whensoever it shall<br />suit, and should he or they be disposed to believe his, or<br />their own eyes, I can flatter myself to be capable of shew-<br />ing them as well disciplined a school as any in the city of<br />Williamsburg; and in order to prevent any the like dis-<br />turbances for the future amongst my benevolent and kind<br />wellwishers, or friends, who informed me of this unjust<br />charge, he or they shall receive as severe a reprimand as<br />can be offered by his or their humble servant.<br />B. LE PETIT.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, on the 1st instant<br />(May) a servant man named JOHN MASON, of a<br />dark complexion, short dark hair, about 5 feet 10 inches<br />high, has lately had a cut over one of his eyes, supposed<br />to be the left, and is by trade a perukemaker; had on a<br />dark blue coat, striped waistcoat, white breeches, and<br />pale blue stockings. Whoever secures the said servant,<br />so that I get him again, shall receive 40s. and if delivered<br />to me, in Norfolk, 3£. DAVID REYNOLDS.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em>For</em> SALE,<br /><em>THE improved SQUARE of LOTS<br />adjoining the lots belonging to Mr.<br /></em>E. DEANE, <em>coachmaker in</em> Palace <em>street,</em><br />Williamsburg. JOHN TAZEWELL,<br /><em>esquire, of this city, is empowered to sell.</em></p>
<p><em>If the purchaser, or purchasers, do not<br />pay ready money, his bond, with approved<br />securities, made payable to</em> ROBERT CAR-<br />TER, <em>will be satisfactory.</em> tf</p>
<p><em>To the</em> CLERGY <em>of</em> VIRGINIA.<br />REVEREND SIRS,<br />THINKING this a very proper season for taking<br />into consideration certain matters in which the<br />clergy are most immediately and deeply concerned, and<br />finding several of my brethren, whose opinions have<br />great weight with me, to be very confident, that if our<br />whole body should be desired to meet, they would not<br />at this time shew a general backwardness to honour the<br />request, I have come to a resolution of appointing, and<br />do accordingly appoint, the Thursday after Whitsunday<br />for the clergy to convene upon at the college of William<br />and Mary. When the day appointed comes, I hope<br />those who advised me to this measure will with me enjoy<br />the satisfaction of finding their expectations fully an-<br />swered by being able to assemble with a very respectable<br />number of their fraternity on an occasion which they as<br />well as I deem important. I am, with ardent prayers<br />for your real welfare, and the good of the community,<br />reverend gentlemen, your loving and affectionate bro-<br />ther, JOHN CAMM.<br />COLLEGE, <em>May</em> 5, 1774.</p>
<p><em>Just imported from</em> London, <em>and sold by the<br />subscriber, at her store opposite the</em> Raleigh<br /><em>in</em> Williamsburg,<br />A WELL chosen assortment of the neatest GOODS,<br />consisting of fine tread and blond lace, white<br />sattin and lustring, blue sattin and sarsnet petticoats,<br />white ditto for weddings, sattin and queen silk shoes,<br />muslin, gauze, catgut, and wire, worked linen, ribbands,<br />plain and ribbed, silk, cotton, and thread stockings, small<br />ditto for children, patent net aprons, equal in beauty to<br />joining lace, silk gloves and mits, roles and curls, tam-<br />bour sword knots, boys beaver and hussar caps, ladies<br />riding hats, feathers, and whips, childrens sashes and<br />stays, a large quantity of Didsbury shoes, sheneel, fine<br />chip and cane hats, fans, cloaks, gauze handkerchiefs,<br />purses, bags and puffs, purl for work, tureen, pump,<br />and pap ladles, stone, silver, gilt, and pinchbeck, both<br />shoe and knee buckles, paste, garnet, gold, and black,<br />stock ditto, India plate salts, ditto snuffers and snuffpans,<br />silver teaspoons, teatongs, and saltshovels, ditto coral<br />and bells, paste, marcasite, pearl, and bead, necklaces<br />and earrings, gold wires, silver bowed scissars, and silver<br />tipped sheaths, lancet cases, watch chains and keys,<br />combs, pocketbooks, and etwee cases, freemason and<br />other broaches, paste sprigs and pins, tooth brushes, fine<br />Irish wafers, sword canes, and penknives, black bags<br />and roses, black pins, stay hooks, thimbles, silver shoe<br />clasps, fruit knives, dolls and other toys, with many<br />other articles too numerous to insert; all to be sold on<br />reasonable terms, for ready money only by<br />C. RATHELL.</p>
<p><sup>*</sup>*<sup>*</sup> At the same place may be had an exceeding fine<br />SILVER WATCH, capped, which runs on diamonds,<br />and a GOLD WATCH, with gold hands, and an en<br />graved case.</p>
<p>WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second-<br />hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight<br />each. Any person having such for sale are desired to<br />make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk.<br />t. f. BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>A COCK MATCH,<br />TO be fought on Whitsuntide Monday, at Mr. Har-<br />dyman Dancy’s (or better known by the name of<br />Eggmond’s Ordinary) between the gentlemen of the up-<br />per and lower ends of Charles city. To shew 20 cocks<br />for 3£. a battle, and 15£. the odd one. There will be a<br />ball in the evening for the ladies.</p>
<p>THE treasurer, trustees, and subscribers, to the fund<br />for the relief of the widows and orphans of clergy-<br />men, collected last Sunday from the two audiences<br />25£. 14s. 5d. for which they beg leave to return their<br />thanks to the generous contributors. On the day fol-<br />lowing they ordered 80£. to be distributed among six wi-<br />dows, and the orphans of four clergymen, and appointed<br />officers for the ensuing year, namely, the reverend Mess.<br />John Camm, treasurer, Prince Davis, Devereaux Jarratt,<br />William Bland, John Bracken, Thomas Price, and<br />Thomas Lundie, trustees; William Harrison morning,<br />and Robert Andrews evening preacher.</p>
<p>The clergy have a most grateful sense of the presents<br />of 20£. and 3£. 2s. 6d. from two unknown persons, by the<br />hands of the reverend Mr. Henley. This acknowledg-<br />ment would have been made last year had not the said<br />charitable contributions come some days too late to be<br />inserted in our last year’s advertisement.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, on the premises, on the third Thursday<br />in June next,<br />THE very profitable ORDINARY, belonging to the<br />subscriber, at King William courthouse, with 600<br />acres of very valuable LAND adjoining to it. The place<br />is so well known that it is unnecessary to describe it, or<br />to point out, the advantage of its situation, which is so<br />central that it is daily resorted by travellers from all<br />parts; so that it has constant custom. The ordinary,<br />and some small tenements on the land, have rented for<br />170£. a year, and are now well worth 200£. a year, or<br />more. The purchaser may have possession the first day<br />of November next, and is to pay one fifth of the pur-<br />chase money that day, and one other fifth annually after,<br />until the whole is satisfied. Bond, with good security,<br />for the payment thereof, must be given to the subscriber,<br />who will treat privately with any person inclined to pur-<br />chase before the day of sale. JOHN QUARLES.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>ON Wednesday the 14th of April last ran away from<br />the subscriber, in Westmoreland county, Thomas<br />Puttrell, an indented white servant man, by trade a<br />butcher, but understands gardening and farming, and<br />says he is acquainted with the business of a bricklayer<br />and plaisterer. This is the third time of his running<br />away, and when he went off before he was near two<br />months in the neighbourhood of Richmond town, and<br />lived with one Isaac Parker, and probably may be in that<br />part of the country now. In July last he was taken up<br />in Bedford county. He is a trunchy well made man, of<br />a fair complexion, has hazle eyes, brown hair, which<br />curls in his neck, is round faced, has very white teeth,<br />which he shews when he speaks or grins, and speaks<br />sharp and quick. He had the common apparel of ser-<br />vants, and he has a forged pass, signed by James Mose-<br />ley, master of the schooner Nancy, discharged from Alex-<br />andria, and is called a native of old Nansemond town in<br />Virginia. There went off with the said Thomas Putrell<br />an indented white servant man belonging to Thomas<br />Attwell of Westmoreland, who has likewise a forged<br />pass, signed by the same James Moseley, and is therein<br />called John Underwood, although his right name is Ed-<br />ward Duberg. He is a slim, well made man, near six<br />feet high, was a sailor, and has been in Spain, Portugal,<br />and France. He says he was brought up at Cambridge,<br />and pretends to understand Latin, French, Spanish,<br />Portuguese, and Dutch. He came in the Success’s In-<br />crease, captain Curtis, into Rappahanpock, and was sold<br />for a shcoolmaster. He robbed one Mrs. Hume of about<br />20£. worth of wearing apparel, among which were some<br />jewellery, caps, aprons, handkerchiefs, &c. which he<br />and Puttrell sold as they went along. The above servants<br />were seen on their way to Gloucester town, between<br />York and Rappahannock, and it is supposed they will<br />pass for sailors, and go to Norfolk, or make for Caro-<br />lina. Whoever apprehends them, so as they be delivered<br />to their masters shall have a reward of FOUR POUNDS<br />for each, besides what the law allows.<br />RICHARD LEE,<br />THOMAS ATTWELL.</p>
<p>FIVE POUNDS REWARD.<br />RUN away from my plantation near this place, last<br />night, two servant men, named George and John<br />Allen, very lately imported in the Justitia, consigned to<br />Mr. Thomas Hodge, at Leeds town. George is a likely<br />young fellow, about 25 years of age, 5 feet 10 or 11<br />inches high, stoops much, and is remarkable round<br />shouldered; had on when he went away a dark coloured<br />bearskin jacket and breeches, and a small round hat<br />with a black ribband and buckle. John is brother to<br />George, slender made, and two inches under his size;<br />had on the same sort of clothes, only a pair of old shoes<br />cut open at the toes. Any person who will apprehend<br />the said servants, and secure them so that I may get<br />them, shall be entitled to the above reward; and all per-<br />sons are hereby forewarned, as they may probably pre-<br />tend to pass for sailors, from carrying them out of the<br />country. THOMAS MONTGOMERIE.<br />DUMFRIES, April 25. 4</p>
<p><em>Just imported, and to be sold by the subscriber,</em><br />ON VERY RASONABLE TERMS,<br />A GENTEEL assortment of MILLINERY, in the<br />newest taste. Mecklin, Brussells, and minionet lace,<br />blond ditto, a variety of white and coloured silks, plain,<br />striped, and sprigged muslins, jewellery, childbed linen,<br />robes, ladies and gentlemens silk and cotton hose, Dids-<br />bury’s shoes, Gresham’s sattin and calimanco ditto, ladies<br />black and white riding hats, and many other articles.<br />WILLIAMSBURG, J. CHARLTON.<br />May 4, 1774.</p>
<p><em>FOR CHARTER,</em><br />THE ship CAESAR, William Wetherald, master, bur-<br />then about 450 hogsheads of tobacco, now lies at<br />Norfolk, and has made but one voyage. Apply to said<br />master. tf GREENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH.</p>
<p><sup>*</sup>*<sup>*</sup> On board of said ship is a quantity of Whitehaven<br />COAL, of the best quality, which will be sold very<br />cheap. Apply to Mr. Joseph Kidd, in Williamsburg.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Lunenburg, a bay horse, about 9<br />years old, branded on the near buttock SH, and<br />about 4 feet 10 inches high. Posted, and appraised to<br />12£. BENJAMIN CLARKE.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Lunenburg, a small roan sorrel<br />mare, about 4 feet 1 inch high, branded on the<br />near shoulder and buttock [upside down G], has a large blaze in her<br />face, her two hind feet white up to her hams, appears<br />to be about 10 or 12 years old, with a hanging mane<br />and switch tail. Posted and appraised to 3£. 10 s.<br />NICHOLAS HOBSON.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Fincastle, a sorrel horse, 4 years old,<br />13 hands and an inch high, with a white mane and<br />tail, his fore legs from the knees down almost white, and<br />the hoofs of his fore feet twist inwards, has a star in his<br />forehead, a small snip on his nose, branded on the near<br />jaw T, and has a bell on, with a leather collar and dou-<br />ble buckle. Posted, and appraised to 4£. 5s.<br />* THOMAS MONTGOMERY.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Fincastle, a black mare, about seven<br />years old, branded on the near shoulder A, with<br />4 white feet, and a blaze in her face, paces, is hipshot,<br />and about 13 hands 3 inches high. Posted, and ap-<br />praised to 7£. JAMES DAVIS.</p>
<p><em>For</em> WHITEHAVEN,<br />THE ship OLIVE, Captain William Barrass, lies<br />at Broadways, on Appomattox, will sail early in<br />April, having three fourths of her cargo engaged, can<br />take in about one hundred hogsheads of tobacco, on<br />liberty of consignment. For terms apply to Mr. Bolling<br />Starke, in Petersburg, or us at Norfolk.<br />GREENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH.</p>
<p><em>KING HEROD</em><br />STANDS at Rosegill, and will cover mares at FOUR<br />POUNDS the season. Those who send mares must<br />send the money, otherwise they shall not be left. The<br />valuable qualities, and the pedigree, of this horse, are<br />sufficiently notorious.<br />RALPH WORMELEY, junior.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>RUN away on the 20th of April last, from the sloop<br />FRIENDSHIP, William Johnston Rysam, master,<br />lying at York town, MINGO, a stout well made black<br />negro fellow, of a down cast look, limps on one side,<br />Virginia born, and about 35 years old, has been used to<br />plantation work and going by water. Whoever will deliver<br />him to William Reynolds, esquire, at York, John Perrin,<br />esquire, of Gloucester, or the subscriber, at Norfolk,<br />shall have THIRTY SHILLINGS reward, besides what<br />the law allows. 3 MATTHEW PHRIPP.</p>
<p>FINCASTLE county, to wit,<br />GEORGE the third, by the grace of God, of Great<br />Britain, France, and Ireland, king, defender of<br />the faith, &c. To the sheriff of Fincastle county, greet-<br />ing: We command you that you summon Francis Wil-<br />ley, an infant under the age of twenty one years, son<br />and heir of James Willey deceased, to appear before our<br />justices of our court of our said county, at the courthouse,<br />on the first Tuesday in next month, to answer a bill in<br />chancery, exhibited against him by William Calhoon;<br />and this he shall in no wise omit, under the penalty of<br />100£. and have then there this writ. Witness John Byrd,<br />clerk of our said court, this 9th day of June, in the 13th<br />year of our reign. * JOHN BYRD.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, by the subscriber, at Stafford courthouse,<br />on the 2d Monday in June next, if fair, otherwise the<br />first fair day,</p>
<p>THREE tracts of land, adjoining each other, and<br />lying in Stafford county, on Potowmack creek;<br />on one of which is a very commodious tavern, and other<br />necessary houses, garden, &c. within a few yards of the<br />courthouse. The situation is very advantageous for a<br />publican’s business, and remarkable for fish and fowl.<br />Fifteen acres of the land were laid down in timothy about<br />four years ago, and there are near 40 acres of marsh,<br />which might be easily reclaimed, and at a small expence.<br />Terms will be made known on the day of sale.<br />5 GEORGE DENT, junior.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />And to be ENTERED upon at CHRISTMAS next,<br />A VERY valuable tract of LAND in King William<br />county, on Pamunkey river, adjoining the land of<br />the late Mr. John Smith, of Hanover county, deceased,<br />containing 800 acres, more or less, the soil is very rich,<br />and exceedingly well adapted for wheat, corn, or tobacco,<br />particularly the first and second, being low grounds;<br />and there is a considerable quantity of high grounds.<br />It has plenty of good pine and oak timber upon it, con-<br />venient houses, and is in good order for cropping, is<br />about two miles form Hanover town, and very convenient<br />to church and two mills. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may be shewn the land by applying to Mr. Christo-<br />pher Taliaferro, or Mr. William Jones, who resides near<br />the same, and the terms may be also known by applying<br />to these gentlemen, or to the subscriber.<br />tf THOMAS JONES.</p>
<p>To be sold, to the highest bidder, at Goochland court-<br />house, on Monday, the 20th of June, being court day,<br />A TRACT of rich, well timbered LAND, lying<br />opposite to Elk Island, in Goochland county, be-<br />longing to the estate of Mr. John Smith, deceased, con-<br />taining 2000 acres, which will be put up in four separate<br />lots. Likewise a tract containing between 3 and 400<br />acres, lying on both sides of the Little Bird creek, near<br />the head thereof, in the aforesaid county. Those lands<br />having been fully described in a former advertisement<br />renders it unnecessary here. The time of payment will<br />be made known on the day of sale, and bonds, with good<br />security, required of the purchasers.<br />9 WILLIAM ANDERSON, executor.</p>
*<sup>*</sup>* The purchasers at the different sales of the negroes<br />and personal estate of Joseph and John Smith, deceased,<br />are desired to take notice, that their bonds will in a very<br />short time become payable, and that no indulgence can<br />or will be allowed to any person. I shall constantly at-<br />tend at the county courts of Henrico and Hanover, and<br />the meeting of merchants in Williamsburg, in order to<br />receive payment. Those who have open accounts on<br />the books of John Smith, deceased, are once more re-<br />quested to come and settle.
<p><em>The noted swift</em> HORSE<br />TRISTRAM SHANDY,<br />(<em>now, perhaps, the fattest horse in<.em> VIRGINIA)<br />STANDS at my hosue, in the lower end of Caroline<br />county, and covers mares this season at 2£. 10s.<br />good pasturage gratis, and great care taken of the mares,<br />but will not be answerable for any that may get away.<br />TRISTRAM SHANDY was got by Morton’s Traveller,<br />his dam by Janus, out a very fine English mare.<br />5 JAMES UPSHAW.</em></p>
<p>To be SOLD, together or in parcels,<br />THAT fertile and well timbered tract of LAND,<br />lying in princess Anne county, known by the name<br />of GIBBS’S WOODS, whereon are several settlements,<br />and whereof Jeremiah Tinker, esquire, grandson of the<br />late governor Gibbs now stands seized, under the deed<br />of gift of his mother, the daughter and heiress of the<br />said governor Gibbs. Persons inclining to purchase may<br />be informed of the terms by applying to Mr. James<br />Parker, merchant in Norfolk, or to Edward Foy, in<br />Williamsburg, who will give an undoubted title. tf</p>
<p>GODOLPHIN,<br />A FULL blooded horse, by FEARNOUGHT, out of<br />an imported mare, will stand this season at Mr.<br />Richard Taylor’s, near Petersburg, to cover mares, at<br />TWENTY SHILLINGS the leap, or THREE<br />POUNDS the season, payable in October next. Those<br />gentlemen who are inclined to send mares may be assured<br />that the greatest care will be taken of them; but I will<br />not be answerable for any that shall get away.<br />GEORGE BAYLOR.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Amherst, a slender made white mare,<br />dapple grey on each thigh, fleabitten on the head<br />and shoulders, with a hanging mane and switch tail, a-<br />bout 4 feet 6 inches high, no perceivable brand; had on<br />a large bell, with a patch on the inside, the collar of<br />which was fastened with a large buckle, Appraised to 6£.<br />ABRAHAM SMITH.</p>
</div>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Supplement to the Virginia gazette. Number 419, Thursday May 19, 1774
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2019.16
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-05-19
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/e0ac4ab1f6bf5260641b729dfd657fd3.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=ihpSBHNIKiHNDpIuySNeZalZt5nIsF7Vg7wO8Arlab3aInPbvwp8U2hW8fiCR3ZGh0lMAyyyseXQT6PSxqoiwZumk30EtzBzMn0jR8IRzWZvl9y2JCRiO0Ngi4eRk4u1GPhlar1s2cnkgOaFcwl3plBqvGkbR2edhnGSHsBPgHoNqefAxRL2Y6bgDxJniM7NgzxzUkYrmfE-irPHYE6lz83-P1sxSxtNOR%7E3ACpWeOGtoj8OdH8leAF0ECFFcxsIZYciMQ%7EDk3ViGtq44tLGKZ11gPg7255Kv079pEAuXxMD-85S6Ke6Gk5uos9XpeHwer-HAD2RtviHR5kAVPAPTA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b2f2e7073e9e1f3e7e87d08362c0a320
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/0fbea8abaca484c94bec9a8137a82a66.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Z0P0iHwCzMbfCgvElvl%7Eyi82hCJKq%7ElqjBsORyWesXTTPNCe-%7E5%7EHNDqkhD3XnMg5SldNk6dz1TKHW4m9ugFTm4WRpxIdYnP%7EyzoMly5rQip7mqMjCrb5IqPZ4r%7EBx1BgtBrZ4iUs36mFL%7EYnJ7wDit9Nc80LP40VFFb8DFmF6YHbFS-k9CgXXsJbEwoJU3ecpaMJvfBSmsg8hv6hGg%7EyPPLVQNvXkJATPKpq9YDuho1v45zT4SUc8A4sXM5wprEF5Nv7HHUmB-WRuKAs18%7ECcLu39UQohD4sLxRMNr01%7EA%7EG3MAGPbAEScseJUA43t0FDLZjJHocsk0rCQ3qCvgSQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c18e08a28539bd3f408673e0ee3eb2c2
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/df4720b1c97672d3b12037d334271399.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=hAjaJqkuw-PVYrLfHgyKV9qaWiWav8ai3xvBrO2-WB%7EsXIYLIq7TWzOWeN%7Eq7cjG2PukSKYQPO8fQXtZ-hr1sjb06nh-fyuAkRe5eCDfDVA8WhZh%7E6tJqxneZdJP6Af4Ovy8TiN7iWnOlW1toDf6ZcSIlRtRPQ%7EZHhtHo-Ml0W5ooSe9nWf1VVUPZaa7D%7EpUEXuSTlDT6bbshJV9a4a%7EUlcfDAIE9ZvIPDHL-Qa2NkBgj4syzKZDQtwHJKsvZSkvblSl1ym-2eMhi7NvydTEJp89fngsCT9KeOSlin6vBNRfsejxjIE%7EWbKv9IAQQ4Xk%7EfCQChgWN3%7ExvdFg75qM7w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
ba6765c35a4a7415eb15c200025426e8
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/d70dfd3d56c43700138ed58f1242d6e8.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=YlnV3qMrjI-ua8b%7EBU5MxU7F67wPEOYjsr0vt2BDT2ECFcMLNfLBlmeeD2Vp4fQdIlJgE7kuI3g6LCHTzV5bKV2yDof4IoL9OEMWDoVmS6Ms84D76PBb1waDBgZfEMeiwLVljWce6cTjKuSdX3zzEDCTkMfwY4LWFsiKR1FpqsP5Lu%7EeZIEfgJTSIrqyvDdj8F9crI8NS98tqW19fU4SpbxDLaa3mA2QzkugM8UNYKXTBzzHvpxF8G3P%7EKt2Ne8gL9UgNYdxtE2eUH2flNUl0YHF3hnbD0b8Y0nDnsHokgS6DK0LECdQROa8KhkaDOkX1-5DmgpeocyOWWFS%7EnRhfQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
eee8c5e1d47d2f7116e590a5d4e4acdc
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>THURSDAY, JULY 21, 1774. THE NUMBER 428.<br />VIRGINIA GAZETTE.<br />OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE.<br />WILLIAMSBURG, PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.<br />All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12s. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3s. the first Week,<br />and 2s. each Time after; long ones in Proportion.———PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<div>
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em>The</em> BRITISH AMERICAN.<br />NUMBER VIII.</p>
<p>FRIENDS, FELLOW CITIZENS, and COUNTRYMEN,<br />YOU are now to consider the second plan proposed: That<br />you shall immediately stop all exports and imports to and<br />from Great Britain and the West India islands till the tea<br />and Boston acts are repealed. This plan is recommended to<br />you by men who profess themselves resolutely determined to<br />oppose the arbitrary proceedings of the British parliament,<br />but at the same time with you to adopt moderate measures; and I am<br />convinced that they mean well, and are so heartily in earnest in their<br />professions and their wishes, that if they can be convinced that the plan<br />they propose will be the least effectual to avoid the jurisdiction claimed<br />by the British parliament, and the most violent and dangerous measure<br />which can be adopted, I have no doubt but they will readily give it up.<br />It will not only be justifiable but highly commendable in you to lessen<br />your imports from Great Britain, by confining yourselves to such articles<br />as are absolutely necessary, and which you cannot manufacture yourselves;<br />because unless you use the utmost frugality, the great balance which you<br />already owe to the British merchants will be constantly encreasing till<br />you become bankrupts; but to deny yourselves the common necessaries,<br />or even the conveniencies, of life, whilst you are able to pay for them,<br />in order to break off all connections with, and to distress, Great Britain,<br />is surely no moderate measure. That you have been cruelly treated is<br />certain; but in resenting that treatment you ought to distinguish between<br />your friends and your enemies, and not, drawcansir like, destroy all you<br />meet. The manufacturers of Britain never injured you, and probably<br />dislike the measurers of administration as much as you do; it will be cruel<br />in you to endeavour to starve them and their families for an insult to which<br />they were no way accessary. But it is said that if this plan is adopted,<br />the want of bread will lay them under a necessity of taking up arms, and<br />of forcing a repeal of the acts you complain of. Not to mention that a<br />measure, whose most distant prospect of success arises from forcing these<br />innocent people into actual rebellion, and introducing all the horrors of<br />a civil war in Britain, can never be deemed a moderate one, it would be<br />highly dishonourable in you, instead of drawing your own swords, and<br />facing your oppressors, like a brave people struggling for liberty, meanly<br />(to take the advantage of their necessities) to force a number of starving<br />wretches to expose themselves for your sakes to dangers you are afraid<br />to encounter yourselves; and your conduct would certainly be very<br />inconsistent in daring to refuse submission to British nobles, whilst,<br />conscious of your own degeneracy and cowardice, you meanly trusted<br />the preservation of your liberty to the bravery of British mechanics,<br />whose secret wishes to restrain your manufactures, whose honest contempt<br />of your shameful conduct, and whose pressing necessities for bread, would<br />more probably induce them to enlist as soldiers to enslave than protect<br />you. But consider a little further how far this scheme is practicable;<br />imagine yourselves in the situation you shortly will be after you have<br />adopted it. The want of salt will be a small inconvenience, but hickory<br />ashes, though a poor substitute, may supply the place of it as well to you<br />as it formerly did to the native Indians, and the live stock with which<br />you will abound, when you no longer export provisions, will in a great<br />measure render it unnecessary, by enabling you to kill fresh meat every<br />day. Nails, without slitting mills, will be made with great difficulty;<br />but logged cabbins may be built without them. Cloathes for yourselves<br />and negroes are not worth thinking of; because you may confine<br />yourselves and them to your houses in cold weather, and as you are to<br />export nothing, the summer season will afford you time amply sufficient to<br />raise provisions for your own use, and to lay in fuel for the winter. It<br />is true your stocks may suffer a little in the winter, but this inconvenience<br />may be remedied, in a great measure by providing such large quantities<br />of provender for them in the summer as to suffer it to be exposed to them<br />to go to, whenever they please, in weather too cold for naked men to<br />distribute it to them. Elegancies and even luxuries, which many of you,<br />by having been long accustomed to, now consider as the conveniencies,<br />if not the necessaries of life, may be resigned as baubles, beneath the<br />consideration of men who either desire or deserve to be free. The ladies,<br />indeed, will be subjected to many disagreeable hardships, but their<br />generous souls will submit to every inconvenience rather than see their<br />posterity enslaved; and the great leisure you will have from contracting<br />the cultivation of your lands will enable you to extend your manufactures<br />till you can supply yourselves with every convenience, with every elegance,<br />that rational men can desire. But till you can greatly improve your present<br />manufactures, you will allow, my countrymen, that your situations will<br />be rather uncomfortable. Are you certain that all America will chearfully<br />submit to this situation? Did those who signed the association in the days of<br />the stamp act religiously adhere to it? That there are some few refined souls<br />in every colony, perhaps in every county of each colony, that will sacrifice<br />their own private interest, subject themselves to every inconvenience, and<br />deny themselves almost the common necessaries of life, to promote the<br />public good, and to preserve the liberties of their country, I have no<br />doubt; because history furnishes instances that such disinterested, such<br />heroic characters, have existed, and I believe the inhabitants of America<br />are possessed of as much virtue as those of other nations; but to imagine<br />that all, or even a majority, of the inhabitants of a country, are possessed<br />of such exalted ideas of patriotism, is a romantic supposition, which<br />never has, nor, I fear, never will be warranted by the history of any<br />nation whatever. Nor can we flatter ourselves that this angelic exertion<br />of virtue will be general in America when we consider that many of her<br />present inhabitants are, like birds of passage, settled only for a time, for<br />the purposes of raising fortunes by trade, whose ultimate view is to<br />return, with the fortunes they acquire, to the connections they have left<br />behind them in Britain, and that there are others whose daily bread<br />depends upon the continuance of the laws we complain of. These two<br />sets of men, so far from observing such an association, will use every<br />artifice to evade it themselves, and try every stratagem to tempt the vain<br />to deceive the unwary, and to prevail upon the lukewarm to desert the<br />common cause; and a general defection from the plan, when once adopted,<br />can answer no other end than that of rendering you contemptible.</p>
<p>But even supposing that all America should unite, as one man, in<br />attempting this measure, the British aristocracy will never suffer you to<br />carry it into execution; for let it be remembered, that one of the rights<br />they claim is that of restraining your manufactures; and when you openly<br />avow a design of purchasing no more of their manufactures they will<br />immediately enforce that right of restraining you from making any of<br />your own. But surely, say the proposers of this plan, they cannot force<br />us to purchase from them whether we will or not. Very true; but if<br />you refuse to do so they will endeavour to prevent you from purchasing<br />those articles in any other market, and from making them yourselves.<br />But, say the proposers of this plan, they have no right to do this. Very<br />true; nor have they any right to make any kind of laws to govern you.<br />But they will endeavour to shew you that they have the power of doing<br />it; and though right and power are two distinct things, you may as well<br />acknowledge the right as to submit to the power of legislation; and if<br />you submit to the laws already made, you will soon have others, equally<br />arbitrary imposed upon you, for restraining your manufactures. For my<br />own part, I shall not be at all surprised if the very next session should<br />furnish us with acts of parliament enacting, “that your smiths shops<br />shall be destroyed as nuisances; tanning your own hides be declared<br />a misdemeanor; combing your own wool be punished with fine and<br />imprisonment; spinning your own flax subject you to the pillory; making<br />your own shoes be made felony without benefit of clergy; fabricating</p>
</div>
<div class="“column">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>your own hats incur a premunire; weaving any kind of cloth be deemed<br />an overt act of high treason; fashioning a canoe be chastised as an insult<br />upon the British flag; building a boat be constituted an unpardonable act<br />of rebellion; launching a ship be considered as an actual declaration of<br />war; trials by juries be exploded, as dangerous appeals to the people,<br />who are not to be trusted; new courts of admiralty be erected in their<br />room, whose judges shall hold their commissions during pleasure, and<br />be stimulated to enforce those acts, by sharing in the forfeitures and<br />confiscations occasioned by their own judgments; and to extinguish every<br />spark of public spirit, and to prevent a possibility of redress, your assem-<br />blies will be dissolved, and the people no longer permitted to elect repre-<br />sentatives, to urge their grievances, or to utter their complaints.” Do<br />not, my countrymen, be so blind to your own welfare, as to imagine I<br />am jesting upon this serious occasion, or that I am supposing acts of par-<br />liament which can never exist. Reflect upon the different acts for pre-<br />venting slitting mills; for erecting courts of admiralty for recovering the<br />inland forfeitures imposed by the stamp act; for suspending the legislature<br />of New York; for shutting up the port of Boston; for altering the<br />charter of New England, which was more solemnly granted by majesty<br />than their own magna charta; for screening the murtherers of the Ame-<br />ricans; and the joint address, for both houses of parliament to his<br />majesty, to transport the Americans themselves, to be imprisoned and<br />ruined, if not butchered, in England; and you will be convinced that the<br />cases I have supposed are by no means chimerical, and that there is no<br />act of intemperance, injustice, or despotism, which the British arisotocra-<br />cy will not attempt, to refrain America from manufacturing, the mo-<br />ment you declare your intention of doing so. To enter, therefore, into<br />associations against importing British manufactures, any farther than a<br />rational attention to your circumstances, is surely no moderate measure,<br />but must, at last, end in a humiliating submission, or oblige you to have<br />recourse to that force which the proposers of this plan would wish to <br />avoid.</p>
<p>Let us now consider whether an association against exporting your com-<br />modities would not be attended with still worse consequences: This plan,<br />if it means any thing, is to distress Great Britain. But surely you can-<br />not more effectually do this than by lessening your imports, and encreasing<br />your exports, as much as possible; for by selling your commodities to the<br />British merchants, and by taking none of theirs in exchange, you will<br />encrease your own wealth by exhausting that of Britain. but it is<br />objected, we are at present largely indebted to the British merchants:<br />The more incumbent it is upon you to export all the commodities you<br />can, to pay them as soon as possible; for you ought to have more grati-<br />tude than to attempt to ruin the families of those who have been kind<br />enough to furnish you not only with the elegancies, but the necessaries<br />of life. Common honesty requires that you should pay your debts, and<br />if you should refuse to do so, not only the persons injured, but all man-<br />kind, will judge unfavourably of you, and declare, that instead of brave-<br />ly contending for your liberties, you are knavishly endeavouring to cheat<br />your creditors. Such a national breach of faith will unite all Europe<br />against you, as a flagitious race of mortals, who do not deserve to be free;<br />who ought to be considered as the pests of human society, and as such<br />forced into submission, if not extirpated.</p>
<p>For God’s sake, my countrymen, let your conduct be such that you<br />shall be thought worthy of that freedom you contend for, and do not<br />render yourselves the objects of contempt and abhorrence; for if you<br />should even establish your liberty, in opposition to the united efforts of<br />all Europe to reduce you, it may never be in your power to manifest<br />your honest intentions of making retribution. Many of you and your<br />creditors may be dead before the dispute is decided, and then very with-<br />holding the sums you owe for a short period, from men in trade, may<br />irretrievably reduce the survivors and their families to ruin, and Ame-<br />rican become as proverbially infamous as punic faith.</p>
<p>But it is said, that by withholding your tobacco you will immediately<br />make the minister sensible of his folly, in the instant effect it will have<br />upon the revenue. But when you consider that the tax upon tobacco is<br />finally paid by the British inhabitants who consume it, and consequently<br />is actually raised in England, and if the tax ceases upon this luxury, the<br />same sum may be raised by laying it on some other, and that by doing<br />so, the subjects of Britain will pay no more than they do at present, or,<br />in other words, the same sum of money may be still raised, by altering<br />only the mode of raising it; the inconvenience will not be so great as<br />is at first sight imagined; and even supposing it otherwise, by giving this<br />temporary shock to administration, may you not fix a lasting inconve-<br />nience upon yourselves? Accustomed to the use of that commodity,<br />when they are no longer supplied by you, may not the inhabitants of<br />Britain look out for a supply of it from some other quarter? And may<br />you not lose that valuable branch of trade altogether? If there is no<br />danger of this, or if the loss of it should be thought not worth regreting,<br />at least confine your plan of non-importation to tobacco only, or, what<br />will be still wiser, determine to make no more of it till the points you<br />contend for are established. But to injure yourselves by devoting your<br />wheat and corn to be destroyed by the weavils and other vermin in your<br />own useless barns, will be indiscreet, to starve your fellow subjects and<br />fellow sufferers of the West Indies will be inhuman, and to encrease<br />the wealth of Great Britain, by raising to an exorbitant height the price<br />of her wheat and provisions in those foreign markets, which you at pre-<br />sent supply, will be downright madness to think of. Upon the whole,<br />policy, humanity, a just regard for your national character, gratitude,<br />and common honesty, all forbid you to adopt the second plan proposed,<br />as it would most certainly end in a scandalous and unpitied submission,<br />or introduce a civil war, aggravated with all the inconveniencies attending<br />a good cause turned into a bad one, by rash, indiscreet, and unjustifiable<br />measures. If we are obliged to struggle for our liberty, with arms in our<br />hands, let us not unerve the sinews of war. If we are at last forced,<br />through unwillingly, to draw the sword, let us do it in a just cause; let<br />us be careful that we are not the aggressors; let us point our resentment<br />against our oppressors; but let us not wound the bosoms of our friends;<br />let us conduct ourselves in such a manner as to raise the prayers of the<br />righteous for our success, and if we do fall, let us fall revered and la-<br />mented; but not execrated and despised by all mankind. But I am far<br />from thinking that you are yet in this desperate situation, and am not<br />without hopes that you may still establish your liberty without having<br />recourse to the decision of the sword. But to avoid this, it will be ab-<br />solutely necessary to convince your oppressors that you dare to do it rather<br />than be enslaved. The measures to be taken, in order to convince them,<br />naturally lead me to the consideration of the third plan proposed, which,<br />I confess, appears to me the most constitutional, the most rational, the<br />most moderate, and the most effectual measure you can pursue; and to<br />prove that it is so shall be the subject of my next. I shall conclude this<br />with one remark, which I submit to the serious attention of my coun-<br />trymen: You may remember that the second plan proposed came first<br />recommended to you from your friends on the other side the Atlantic.<br />Now, though many of the inhabitants of Great Britain think that the<br />British parliament have no right to tax you, and sincerely disapprove the<br />hostile and violent measures pursued by them against you, yet there is<br />not one man of them who does not insist that you ought to submit to the<br />supreme legislation of the British parliament, and therefore would wish<br />you to avoid every measure of contesting with success, the supremacy<br />they claim, of restraining your manufactures, and of securing to them-<br />selves the whole profit of your labours. Hence they will never advise<br />you to adopt any other than temporizing measures, to avoid the evil of<br />a present oppression, without considering, that to admit the dependence,<br />must one time or other necessarily end in despotism to them, and slavery<br />to you. Again, the British people are of two factions: The first consists</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
of a majority of the two houses of parliament, and composes the aristo-<br />cracy; these are called the <em>ins.</em> The second consists of the minority of<br />those houses, and are called the <em>outs</em>; most of whom would be willing to<br />be taken into the aristocracy, and become <em>ins</em> if they could; and when-<br />ever they are, would be as vioent against you as their brethren. With<br />this view the <em>outs</em> now pretend to be your friends, and advise you to adopt<br />measures that would do, what? Settle the dispute at once. By no<br />means; for that would lessen their own consequence. but such as may<br />subject the <em>ins</em> to temporary inconveniencies, and oblige them to admit<br />some of the<em>outs</em> to share with them in the emoluments of administration;<br />listen therefore to them with a suspicious ear; “hear each man’s cen-<br />sure, but reserve your judgment,” and constantly revolve in your minds<br />these truths: That American liberty can only be preserved by Ameri-<br />can virtue, and that if you determine to dare to be free, you will be so.<br />I am, my countrymen,<br />A BRITISH AMERICAN.
<p><em>Mrs.</em> RIND,<br />BY giving the enclosed a place in your next paper you will oblige the<br />public, and a number of your customers, besides<br /><em>Your very humble servant,</em><br />VIRGINIANUS.</p>
<p>ALARMING SOLILOQUYS.</p>
<p>I. What nation was it that twice joined the French in the plan for<br />abolishing the protestant religion, therefore invited the pretender over to<br />Britain, and then assisted him with all their might to usurp the govern-<br />ment of England by force, thereby to subject all true protestants to<br />popish persecution, or death?———<em>Why it was the rebellious Scotch.</em></p>
<p>II. Who was it that planned the ruin of American liberty by framing<br />and instituting the stamp act, together with the rest of those most odious<br />and oppressive revenue acts for imposing a tax on the Americans, without<br />their consent?———<em>Why the Scotch.</em></p>
<p>III. Who was it that so far abused the power and authority entrusted<br />with them by a deluded K—g, as to perpetrate the enforcing the said<br />acts, by sending fleets and armies to distress loyal subjects in America?——<br /><em>Why the Scotch.</em></p>
<p>IV. Whose influence over a corrupt parliament was it that has shaken<br />the very constitution of England by disannulling the almost unanimous<br />election of the freeholders of Middlesex?———<em>Why it was the Scotch.</em></p>
<p>V. Who are they that are now aiming at arbitrary and tyrannic<br />power in almost every part of the English dominions?———<em>Why are they<br />not the Scotch?</em></p>
<p>VI. Why then every American who joins with the Scotch, in oppo-<br />sition against his own countrymen, ought to be deemed an enemy to<br />liberty and his country, and therefore should forever by despised and<br />discountenanced by every one who values his property or his freedom.</p>
<p><em>To the author who stiles himself</em> AN ENGLISHMAN.</p>
<p>SIR,<br />I HAVE perused your performance of June last, in the NORFOLK<br />INTELLIGENCER: It contains reflections highly injurious<br />to the honour of our last assembly, and evinces principles of the most<br />dangerous tendency to the welfare of this country, and though, if left<br />to itself, its influence would be small or the sensible and discerning, yet<br />as all mankind are not thus circumstanced, there arises a necessity that<br />the doctrines it inculcates should be sufficiently exposed. I do not<br />expect, by this publication, to alter your opinion (that, I fear, will<br />require a <em>stronger</em> effort than argument) but such only of my country-<br />men, who from inattention to questions of this nature, may be liable to<br />imposition. I own, I wish the public had as <em>fair a view</em> of you as of<br />your production, that they might bestow such <em>indelible marks</em> of their<br />approbation as the peculiar nature of the service requires. Your position<br />that a <em>constitution both wise and happy in its original principles is able to give<br />her laws weight in the remotest corners of the state</em> proves nothing; it may<br />be admitted, without the least prejudice to the American cause: For<br />such a constitution, while she preserved her primitive purity, could never<br />affect her distant provinces by any measures participating of such prin-<br />ciples. Its wisdom would be a security against oppression, and its<br />diffusive happiness a blessing to the whole; for what constitution, that<br />was wise and happy in its creation, ever had despotism for the object?<br />But it is known, from unhappy experience, that states, as well as <em>men</em>,<br />frequently depart from their first principles. This was the case of the<br />republic of Rome, and I fear, too, is the case with Britain. Rome<br />had wisdom and virtue, the surest pledge of happiness, for its basis; and<br />political liberty was the consequence. As long as she adhered to the<br />design of her constitution she flourished, and became the mistress of the<br />world; till luxury and venality, more hostile to her quiet than legions<br />of armies, at first controuled and then destroyed her; and now she is as<br /><em>The baseless fabric of a vision.</em></p>
<p>To extend the comparison, is replete with horror; but let all <em>true</em><br />Englishmen beware, that by introducing despotism into their provinces,<br />they open a door into their own vitals. But to pursue the subject of<br />British <em>supremacy,</em> the <em>controverting</em> of which, has drawn these severe re-<br />flections on our late assembly; and let me ask, from whence this inward<br />conviction of their <em>supreme</em> right is derived? It is really the result of <em>sober<br />reason,</em> or the frantic ebullition of a disordered mind? Or does it proceed<br />from some other cause, which prudence thought proper to conceal? If<br />from the former, who was not the position proved by argument? Why<br />rashly condemn a respectable body (even of Americans) and turn them<br />over to such a chastisement as <em>government</em> shall be please to inflict with-<br />out first demonstrating their guilt? A certainty of the crime should<br />surely precede the punishment. This is the mode of proceeding in that<br />country which you glory in as your greatest honour; it was then (prior<br />to censure) a necessary duty to have satisfied the public the right of tax-<br />ation was in the British parliament; for if it is not, the opposition was<br />strictly consistent, and the quartering troops on the town of Boston, to<br />enforce non-existent laws, is unquestionably <em>hostile invasion.</em> But it is<br />easy to be discovered why you did not attempt to prove your political<br />thesis: You well knew the enquiry would have been involved in such a<br />labyrinth of absurdity, that human invention could not have afforded<br />assistance; more exalted penmen have beat the tract before you with<br />equal success. The immortal Locke and Sidney have formed such in-<br />vincible obstacles that the wiles of sophistry shall never prevail against<br />them. Those ornaments of the English nation have laid it down as an<br />undeniable principle that <em>liberty is a blessing to which the whole race of<br />mankind have an original title, whereof nothing but unlawful force can<br />divest them.</em> And let me now enquire why the Americans should be<br />exempted from the rights of human nature? Were they not born as free<br />as the people of England? Are not their assemblies as fair a representa-<br />tive of the people as the parliament of Great Britain? And have not<br />those assemblies been acknowledged by government? Are they not sub-<br />jects of the same king? Doth not the same sun shine over them? And<br />have they not the same God for their protector? Am I a freeman in<br />England, and do I, by the magical influence of a prime minister, be-<br />come a slave again in twenty days, by crossing the Atlantic? This indeed<br />is strange ! is passing strange! and only reconcileable to those determined<br />on injustice. It is alledged that our delegates were culpable in departing<br />from the object recommended by the executive power; by this, I pre-<br />sume, is meant, the not raising supplies, as it seems there was not ne-<br />cessity for lending their assistance to the <em>expiring fee bill.</em> But here I<br />cannot but approve of their conduct in refusing to grant to his majesty,<br />before they knew they had any thing to give; for if the British parlia-<br />ment have a right to impose taxes, it evidently follows, our own assem-<br />blies have not, for that would be reducing us to a state of complex</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>taxation; an absurdity not to be tolerated by the English constitution.<br />But every measure tending to <em>controvert</em> the <em>supreme</em> power of Britain is<br />viewed through the medium of a false perspective, or else the setting<br />apart a day for humiliation and prayer could never have given offence.<br />Certainly to return good for <em>evil,</em> to pray for them that <em>despitefully</em> use<br />you, is in strict conformity to the christian tenets. What sarcasm or<br />injury could be intended by imploring the Divinity, that the parliament<br />might receive a greater portion of wisdom; unless, indeed, it is thought they<br />are at present so overcharged as not to be capable of admitting an addition?<br />If this is the case, they require not the assistance of prayer; but if the<br />fact is not so, with respect to that august body, it is surely a friendly<br />office in those who interpose for an encrease. The imputation of our<br />being impressed with visionary ideas of democratical happiness is as void<br />of truth as of probability. No people existing are more loyal, no go-<br />vernment is so favourable to our religion as that of a limited monarchy;<br />and the annals of our country evince we were so much attached to it as<br />even to proclaim a <em>Stewart</em> long before they had got quit of their <em>repub-<br />lican ideas</em> in England. But to encounter the heavy charge of <em>dishonesty,</em><br />in declining all commercial intercourse (for this is the very bug-bear of<br />every brooding cynic) the fear of incurring the reputation of national<br />injustice, is, I own, extremely laudable, and ought to be encouraged in<br />every well regulated community; but it is still to be remembered that<br />positive laws ought in some instances to give way to those of <em>necessity.</em><br />There is a time when we must have recourse to original principles; when<br />no longer fettered by human institutions, we obey the unchangeable<br />laws of nature. The guarding ourselves against an impending danger,<br />and the using the means of prevention, is not only tolerated by the<br />mind. The principle of self-preservation runs throughout the whole ani<br />mal existence. In these cases the action is discovered to be just, or unjust,<br />by a comparison with the cause which produced it, and wherever the<br />evil originated, stamps the denomination. If it did not proceed from<br />us, a necessary act of self-defence, to avert that evil, cannot be attri-<br />buted as a crime, but a virtue. I do not insist that such an expedient<br />ought to be adopted. I leave the discussion to men of more enlightened<br />understandings. But if necessity should evince its utility, that it is not<br />unjust, especially as it is intended as a temporary suspension, not an ex-<br />tinction of right, and the injured will always have it in their power, by<br />removing the cause, to remove the effect also, it may bear hard on some<br />who have the inclination and not the ability to befriend us; but how<br />can such be distinguished? We can be viewed only in the light of distinct<br />societies; the separation is impracticable, and, in a constitutional sense,<br />all are supposed to have consented to the acts of those who represent<br />them. I would recommend to such as may be affected a submission,<br />without murmuring, to whatever may be the general sense of the peo-<br />ple. I think, in gratitude they ought. They have long enjoyed the<br />benefits of an exclusive trade. If we believe an authority of the highest<br />repute, their estates in England have been raised from 15 to 30 years<br />purchase, and the encreased opulence of the united <em>kingdom</em> is scarcely to<br />be imagined. I could heartily with justice could be obtained without<br />having recourse to so critical an experiment. A knowledge of what is<br />past, however, has demonstrated that our complaints are only regarded<br />by the consequences produced by our measures. But if we credit the<br />assertions of the<em>Englishman,</em> all our friends act from selfish principles.<br />This I do not believe any more than that the person who asserts the<br />fact is really what he pretends he is. His principles of passive obedience,<br />and ignorance of the constitution, convince me he is much better acquaint-<br />ed with the rescript of the emperor than with any tract of English juris-<br />prudence. The character of Mr. Pitt I shall not attempt to defend; it<br />requires no protection from argument; the history of his country is his<br />best panegyric; the splendour of a title could not have attracted his at-<br />tention, because no title on earth could ennoble him. Those patriots in<br />the house of commons, who had the rectitude to withstand the tempta-<br />tion of plundered provinces, did all that men could do in their situ-<br />ation. Their not doing more for the public good was not owing<br />to a want of virtue in themselves, but a want of it in those with whom<br />they contended. They pointed out to their countrymen, the avenues to<br />prosperity and happiness. Cicero, Brutus, and Cato, did the same; but<br />such was the <em>supremacy</em> of all commanding <em>gold,</em>* that the most salutary<br />admonition, only reflected ignominy and insult on the person who gave<br />it. The measure of iniquity was full, and they preached to the air.<br />But let not my countrymen be alarmed with <em>imaginary dangers,</em> from<br />an opposition of government. There is no law which prevents an in-<br />jured people from meeting to deliberate on public grievances. If such<br />assemblies had been unlawful, the meeting at the London Tavern would<br />not have been permitted. The <em>solid pursuits</em> of government, with respect<br />to supremacy, can only be obstructed by as solid pursuits in the people.<br />Our ancestors braved the greatest dangers in defence of their liberties;<br />witness those glorious atchievements in the days of the haughty Plan-<br />tagenet, and of the arbitrary Stewart.; Let them not be dishonoured<br />in the conduct of their descendants; remember the contest is with sub-<br />jects, and the prize is liberty. I am, with as great loyalty to my king,<br />and as sincere a regard for the constitution as dwells in the heart of any<br /><em>Englishman</em> upon earth, your obedient servant,<br />AMERICANUS.</p>
<p>* <em>Urbem venalem & mature perituram si emptorem in venerit,</em> are the expressions of JUGURTHA.</p>
<p><em>To Mrs.</em> RIND.</p>
<p>MADAM,<br />THE generous disposition that I found prevailing in the county of<br />Westmoreland to relieve their worthy distressed fellow subjects in<br />BOSTON, by subscribing a supply of grain to be sent for their use<br />whilst they continue under the cruel oppression of ministerial tyranny,<br />led me naturally to reflect on the great advantages derived to human<br />nature from the benevolent passions implanted in the human breast by<br />the great author of our existence. Both humanity and found policy<br />appear to recommend this, or similar measures, to all the counties in<br />this colony, and to all British America. The brave people of Boston<br />are certainly suffering in the common cause of <em>British</em> liberty; but <em>he</em><br />must be senseless as the earth he treads on who sees not that the attack<br />on Boston is the beginning of a wicked system to enslave all North<br />America, by compelling submission to arbitrary taxes from one colony at<br />a time, until all are made to bend beneath the yoke of oppression, and<br />quietly to yield their property into the hands of lawless violence.<br />BENEVOLUS.</p>
<p><em>Mrs.</em> RIND,<br /><em>By inserting the following</em> CARD <em>you will oblige many.</em><br />A VIRGINIAN presents his compliments to the JOCKEY CLUBS<br />of Fredericksburg and Portsmouth, and begs that they will sup-<br />press their sporting spirit till the circumstances of America can permit<br />it with more decency. He also begs leave to recommend it to the most<br />serious consideration of these clubs, whether their purses, applied to the<br />relief of the distressed BOSTONIANS, would not afford them more<br />real pleasure than all that can arise from viewing a painful contest be-<br />tween two or three animals?</p>
<p>HERE FOLLOW THE RESOLVES ENTERED INTO BY<br />DIFFERENT COUNTIES IN VIRGINIA.</p>
<p>ON Monday the 18th of July the freeholders and other inhabitants of<br />York county met, according to public notice, at the courthouse in<br />York, to consider what was to be done in the present distressed and<br />alarming situation of affairs throughout the British colonies in America.<br />THOMAS NELSON, junior, esquire, being unanimously chosen moderator,<br />opened the business of the meeting with the following ADDRESS,<br />to the people:</p>
<p><em>Friends and Countrymen,</em><br />WE are met to-day upon one of the most important matters that can<br />engage the attention of men. You are all well acquainted with the<br />attacks which have lately been made by the British parliament upon,<br />what is dearer to Americans than their lives, their liberties. You have<br />heard of the acts of oppression which have passed against a sister colony,<br />under which it is now actually groaning, and you must be sensible that<br />this is only a prelude to the designs of parliament upon every other part<br />of this wide extended continent. In this light did our late truly patriotic<br />and honourable house of burgesses regard it, and I am not now to inform<br />you what has been the consequence. Our assembly has been dissolved,<br />our country left without laws for its government, and without means of<br />defending itself against an invading enemy. In this melancholy situation<br />of things, many of our late worthy representatives convened in Wil-<br />liamsburg, and there agreed, after they should collect the sentiments of<br />the people throughout the colony, to meet again on the first day of<br />August next, and concert such measures as would be most likely to pro-<br />cure us a speedy redress of our grievances, and security against them for<br />the time to come. You are now called together to deliberate upon these<br />matters, to chuse who shall represent you in the approaching important<br />meeting, and to furnish them with your sentiments upon those things<br />which are to come before them. I need not observe how much you are<br />concerned in the event of their proceedings. You all know what it is<br />to be FREE MEN; you know the blessed privilege of dong what you<br />will with your own, and you can guess at the misery of those who are</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>deprived of this right. Which of these will be your case depends upon<br />your present conduct. We have found already that petitions and remon-<br />strances are ineffectual, and it is now time that we try other expedients.<br />We must make those who are endeavouring to oppress us <em>feel</em> the effects<br />of their mistaken, of their arbitrary policy; for not till then can we<br />expect justice from them. From the public papers we learn the senti-<br />ments of many of the counties of Virginia, and it appears that they<br />think it necessary for the accomplishing of their purposes to drop, till<br />they are redressed, alll commercial intercourse with Great Britain.<br />Whether consistently with justice, as a people in dept, we can stop our<br />exports, is a point which seems doubtful; but that imports ought to be<br />prohibited necessity demands, and no virtue forbids. It is not supposed<br />that we can do this without subjecting ourselves to many inconveniencies;<br />but inconveniencies, when opposed to a loss of freedom, are surely to be<br />disregarded. Besides, I am told, by men acquainted with these things,<br />that the goods already in the country, and those expected in the fall,<br />will be sufficient to supply the wants of all Virginia for two years. In<br />the mean time, we must, if our grievances be not redressed, turn our<br />attention to the breeding of sheep, the raising of flax, hemp, and cotton,<br />and to manufactures. It is true, we must resign the hope of making<br />fortunes; but to what end should we make fortunes, when they may be<br />taken from us at the pleasure of others? I hope you will take these<br />matters into your most serious consideration. Weigh them with that<br />attention which matters of such moment merit. Determine with<br />wisdom and moderation; and, once determined, let no difficulties or<br />dangers shake your resolutions.</p>
<p>It was then unanimously resolved, that as the constitutional assemblies<br />of Virginia have been prevented from exercising their right of providing<br />for the security of the liberties of the people, that right again reverts to<br />the people, as the fountain from whence all power and legislation flow;<br />a right coeval with human nature, and which they claim from the eternal<br />and immutable laws of nature’s God.</p>
<p>Resolved also, that DUDLEY DIGGES, and THOMAS NELSON,<br />junior, esquires, do attend at the city of Williamsburg, on the first day<br />of August next, in a general convention from the other counties in<br />Virginia, there to exert their utmost abilities to put a stop to that grow-<br />ing system of ministerial despotism which has so long threatened the de-<br />struction of America.</p>
<p>And that you, our delegates, may be made acquainted with the sentiments<br />of the people of this county, it is their opinion that you proceed to chuse<br />proper persons to represent the colony of Virginia in a general congress<br />of America, to meet at such time and place as may hereafter be agreed<br />on.</p>
<p>That these representatives be instructed to form a declaration of Ameri-<br />can rights, setting forth that British America, and all the inhabitants there-<br />of, shall be and remain in due subjection to the crown of England, and<br />to the illustrious family of the throne; submitting by their own voluntary<br />act, and enjoying all the freedoms and privileges of the free people of<br />England; that it is the first law of legislation, and of the British con-<br />stitution, that no man shall be taxed but by <em>his own consent,</em> expressed<br />either by himself or his representative; that the Americans cannot be<br />represented in the British parliament; and therefore, that every edict of<br />the British parliament imposing any tax or custom, duty, or imposition<br />whatsoever, on the people of America, <em>without their consent,</em> is illegal,<br />and subversive of the first principles of the British constitution, and of<br />the natural rights of men; that it is the undoubted right and true interest<br />of the sovereign, as supreme ruler of the whole empire, to provide for<br />the welfare of his subjects within the realm at the head of the British<br />parliament, and of those in America at the head of his American assem-<br />blies, by laws adapted to their local situation, and suited to the exigences<br />of each; and, by that negative with which he is invested by the consti-<br />tution, to restrain the different states of his extensive dominion from<br />enacting laws to destroy the freedom, and prejudice the interests, of one<br />another; that the king, in his British parliament, shall have a supremacy<br />for regulating the trade of America, with this reasonable reserve, that<br />all the British colonies enjoy a free trade with each other; and that no<br />tax, duty, or imposition whatsoever, be laid by the British parliament,<br />on any article which the American colonies are obliged to import from<br />Great Britain only; and that this right of supremacy be deemed or<br />expressed a resignation by our own voluntary act, flowing from a just<br />sense of the protection we have hitherto received from Great Britain.</p>
<p>And farther, the people of this county are of opinion that the act of<br />the British parliament laying a duty on tea, for the purpose of raising a<br />revenue, to be collected in America without her consent, is an illegal tax.</p>
<p>That the act which blocks up the port of Boston destroys her trade,<br />and subjects her inhabitants to the worst of inconveniencies and hard-<br />ships, is oppressive and unconstitutional; that the people of Boston in-<br />curred the displeasure of parliament by a just defence of their liberties<br />and properties; and that the cause for which they suffer is the general<br />cause of every British colony in America.</p>
<p>That the bill, commonly called the murdering bill, if passed into an<br />act, is not only unconstitutional, but shocking to human nature; that<br />its evident design is to privilege the soldiers to commit with impunity<br />the most cruel outrages even against the lives of Americans, whist it<br />cuts off from an accused American every hope of being acquitted.</p>
<p>That the most effectual means of obtaining a speedy redress of Ame-<br />rican grievances is to put a stop to imports from Great Britain, with as<br />few exceptions as possible, until the said oppressive acts be repealed, and<br />American rights established; and that what relates to exports be left<br />to the determination of the convention in August.</p>
<p>That industry and frugality be adopted, in their largest extent,<br />throughout this colony; and that horse-racing, and every other species<br />of expensive amusement, be laid aside, as unsuitable to the situation of<br />the country, and unbecoming men who feel for its distresses.</p>
<p>That the first day of September next, or the time of the general con-<br />gress, be set apart as a day of prayer and supplication to the almighty<br />disposer of human events, to direct the counsels of the Americans, and<br />so to dispose the heart of our sovereign, that a general harmony may be<br />restored to the British empire.</p>
<p>That a subscription be immediately opened for the relief of the inha-<br />bitants of BOSTON, under the direction of the deputies for this coun<br />ty, who are desired to promote and encourage the same.</p>
<p>That the above resolves and opinions be published in the Virginia<br />Gazette. WILLIAM RUSSELL, Clerk.</p>
<p>Business being finished, the deputies were invited to a genteel enter-<br />tainment provided for them by the inhabitants of York county, as a<br />testimony of their entire approbation of the conduct of these gentlemen.</p>
<p><em>At a meeting of the freeholders and inhabitants of the county of New Kent,<br />at the courthouse of the said county, on Tuesday the 12th day of July, 1774,</em><br />THOMAS ADAMS, <em>esquire, being first chosen moderator, and</em> WILLIAM<br />CLAYTON, <em>esquire, clerk, the present state of America being seriously and<br />duly considered, the following RESOLUTIONS were proposed and agreed to<br />as an instruction to our deputies hereafter named.</em></p>
<p><em>RESOLVED, that our sovereign lord king George the third is lawful and<br />rightful king of Great Britain, and all his dominions in America, to whose<br />royal person and government we profess all due subjection, obedience, and fidelity,<br />and that we will at all times defend and protect the just rights of his majesty<br />with our lives and fortunes.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the inhabitants of the British colonies in America are entitled<br />to all the rights, liberties, and privileges, of freeborn English subjects.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the rights to impose taxes, or duties, to be paid by the inha-<br />bitants of this dominion, for any purpose whatever, is peculiar and essential to<br />the general assembly, in whom the legislative authority of the colony is placed,<br />and that taxation and representation are inseparable.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the trial by a jury of the vicinage is the glory of the English<br />law, and the best security for the life, liberty, and property, of the subject,<br />and is the undoubted birthright of all his majesty’s freeborn American subjects.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the several acts and resolutions of the parliament of Great<br />Britain, made during his present majesty’s reign, imposing taxes on the inhabi-<br />tants of America, for the express purpose of raising a revenue, and for alter-<br />ing the nature or punishment of offences committee in America, or the method of<br />trial of such offences, are unconstitutional, arbitrary, and unjust, and destruc-<br />tive of the rights of America, and that we are not bound to yield obedience to<br />any such acts.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the late cruel, unjust, and sanguinary, acts of parliament,<br />to be executed by military force, and ships of war, upon our sister colony of the<br />Massachusetts Bay, and town of Boston, is a strong evidence of the corrupt<br />influence obtained by the British ministry in parliament, and a convincing proof<br />of their fixed intention to deprive the colonies of their constitutional rights and <br />liberties.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the cause of the town of Boston is the common cause of all the<br />American colonies.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that is it the duty and interest of all the American colonies firmly<br />to unite in an indissoluble union and association to oppose, by every just and<br />proper means, the infringements of their rights and liberties.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved,* that we do heartily approve of the resolutions and proceedings of<br />our several late assemblies for asserting and supporting the just rights and liber-<br />ties of America, from their patriotic resolves in 1765 to this time.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that we will most firmly unite with the other counties in this colony<br />in such measures as shall be approved of by a majority, as the best and most<br />proper method of preserving our rights and liberties, and opposing the said<br />unconstitutional acts of parliament.</em></p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p><em>Resolved, that the most effectual method of opposing the said several acts of<br />parliament will be to break off all commercial intercourse with Great Britain<br />until the said acts shall be repealed.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the several counties within this colony ought to nominate and<br />appoint for every county proper deputies, to meet upon the first day of August<br />next, in the city of Williamsburg, then and there to consult and agree upon<br />the best and most proper means for carrying into execution these or any other<br />resolutions which shall be best calculated to answer the purposes aforesaid.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that it be earnestly recommended to the deputies at the said general<br />convention to nominate and appoint fit and proper persons on behalf of this colony,<br />to meet such deputies as shall be appointed by the other colonies, in general con-<br />gress, to consult and agree upon a firm and indissoluble union and association for<br />preserving, by the best and most proper means, their common rights and liber-<br />ties.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that BURWELL BASSETT and BARTHOLOMEW<br />DANDRIDGE, esquires, our late and present worthy representatives, be<br />and they are hereby nominated and appointed deputies, on the part and behalf<br />of the freeholders and inhabitants of this county, to meet such deputies as shall<br />be appointed by the other counties within this colony, in the city of Williams-<br />burg, on the first day of August next, or at any other time or place for the<br />purpose aforesaid.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, further, that our said deputies agree to join in any proper means<br />that shall be adopted for the immediate relief of the present necessities of the<br />inhabitants of the town of Boston.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the clerk transmit the foregoing resolutions and instructions<br />to the printer, to be published.</em></p>
<p>WILLIAM CLAYTON, clerk of the meeting.</p>
<p><em>At a meeting of the freeholders and other inhabitants of Essex county, at<br />the courthouse thereof, on Saturday the 9th of July, 1774, seriously to con-<br />sider the present dangers which threaten ruin to American liberty,</em> Mr. JOHN<br />UPSHAW <em>being chosen moderator, the following RESOLVES were proposed<br />and unanimously agreed to.</em></p>
<p>I. <em>RESOLVED, that we will, at all times, and upon all occasions, bear<br />true and faithful allegiance to his majesty king George the third, and that, as<br />freemen, we always have been, and ever shall be, willing constitutionally to<br />give and grant liberally our property for the support of his crown and dignity,<br />and the preservation of our parent state; but that we can never consent to<br />part with it on any other terms.</em></p>
<p>II. <em>Resolved, that the legislature of this colony, for the purpose of internal<br />taxation, is distinct from that of Britain, founded upon the principles of the<br />British constitution, and equal, in all respects, to the purposes of legislation and<br />taxation within this colony.</em></p>
<p>III. <em>Resolved, that the people of this colony in particular, and of America<br />in general, have a clear and absolute right to dispose of their property by their<br />own consent, expressed by themselves or by their representatives in assembly,<br />and any attempt to tax, or take their money from them in any other manner,<br />and all other acts tending to enforce submission to them, is an exertion of power,<br />contrary to natural justice, subversive of the English constitution, destructive<br />of our charters, and oppressive.</em></p>
<p>IV. <em>Resolved, that the town of Boston, in our sister colony of Massachusetts<br />Bay, is now suffering in the common cause of North America, for their just<br />opposition to such acts; and it is indispensibly necessary that all the colonies<br />should firmly unite in defence of our common rights.</em></p>
<p>V. <em>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that an agreement to<br />stop all exports to, and imports from, Great Britain and the West Indies,<br />firmly entered into and religiously complied with, will at all times, prove a<br />safe and infallible means of securing us against the evils of any unconstitutional<br />and tyrannical acts of parliament, and may be adopted upon the principles of<br />self preservation, the great law of nature.</em></p>
<p>VI. <em>Resolved, that the inhabitants of this county will firmly join with the<br />other counties in this colony, and the other colonies on this continent, or a ma-<br />jority of them, to stop all exports to, and imports from, Great Britain and<br />the West Indies, and all other parts of the world, except the colonies of North<br />America, if such a measure shall be deemed expedient by the deputies at the<br />general congress, and that whatever agreement the congress shall come to, for<br />the advantage of the common cause of North America, relating to exports,<br />imports, or otherwise, ought to be considered as binding as any act of legislature,<br />and that we will use our utmost endeavours to support and maintain such gene-<br />ral agreement, at the expence of our lives and fortunes.</em></p>
<p>VII. <em>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that the several courts<br />in this colony ought not to proceed to the forwarding or trial of civil causes until<br />our exports are opened.</em></p>
<p>VIII. <em>Resolved, that is is the opinion of this meeting, that the East India<br />company, having a design to monopolize a great part of the American trade, to<br />the injury of the other merchants of Britain trading to America, and knowing<br />well the fatal consequences that must have resulted from their fixing a pre-<br />cedent for future taxes, by importing tea into the colonies, became the willing<br />instruments of the ministry to destroy American liberty, and deserve the loss they<br />have sustained.</em></p>
<p>IX. <em>Resolved, that we do most heartily concur with our late worthy repre-<br />sentatives in their resolve for the disuse of tea, and that we will not hereafter<br />purchase any East India commodities whatsoever.</em></p>
<p>X. <em>Resolved, that the spirited conduct of the town of Boston hath been<br />serviceable to the cause of freedom (all other methods having failed) and that<br />no reparation ought to be made to the East India company, or others their<br />assistants, for any injury they have sustained, unless it be the express condition<br />on which all our grievances shall be removed.</em></p>
<p>XI. <em>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that any general cen-<br />sure upon the conduct of the town of Boston respecting the tea, without allow-<br />ing to them the motives of resistance upon the principles of public virtue and<br />necessity, is inimical to American liberty, and we are persuaded that none but<br />ministerial hirelings, and professed enemies of American freedom, will adopt a<br />language so impolitic, which manifestly tends to create a disunion of sentiments,<br />at this time, fatal to America.</em></p>
<p>XII. <em>Resolved, that the parliament have no right to pass an act to remove<br />our persons to Great Britain, or any other place whatsoever, to be tried for<br />any offence, and that we are determined not to submit thereto.</em></p>
<p>XIII. <em>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that no merchant in<br />this, or any other colony on this continent, shall advance the goods now on hand<br />higher than they are at present, or have been for some time, and that the mer-<br />chants in the several counties sign an agreement to that effect.</em></p>
<p>XIV. <em>Resolved, that a subscription be set on foot for raising provision for<br />the poor of Boston, who now suffer by the blocking up their ports, and that<br />Robert Beverly, John Lee, and Muscoe Garnett, in Saint Anne’s parish,<br />and Archibald Ritchie, and John Upshaw, in the upper part of Southfarnham<br />parish, and Meriwether Smith, and James Edmondson, in the lower part<br />thereof, take in subscriptions for that purpose, who are to consign what may<br />be raised to some proper person to be distributed, and the before mentioned gen-<br />tlemen are empowered to charter a vessel to send it to Boston.</em></p>
<p>XV. <em>Resolved, that this meeting have the deepest sense of the injuries in<br />which the merchants and manufacturers of Great Britain must necessarily be<br />involved by a non-importation resolution, they having placed an almost un-<br />limited confidence in us for a series of years, and by that means have the<br />greatest part of their fortunes lodged in our hands, and that nothing but the<br />desire of preserving our rights and liberties could induce us to adopt a measure<br />big with such melancholy consequences.</em></p>
<p>XVI. <em>Resolved, that JAMES EDMONDSON, and WILLIAM ROANE,<br />esquires, the late representatives of this county, be and they are hereby ap-<br />pointed deputies to represent us at the general meeting of deputies for the several<br />counties in this colony, on the 1st day of August, in Williamsburg, and we<br />desire that they will exert their best abilities for the security of our constitutional<br />rights and liberties, and to appoint deputies to meet, at the general congress,<br />the deputies of the other colonies on this continent.</em></p>
<p>XVII. <em>Resolved, that the clerk transmit the foregoing proceedings to the<br />printers, to be published, in their gazettes.</em></p>
<p><em>WILLIAM YOUNG, Clerk of the meeting.</em></p>
<p>At a general meeting of the inhabitants of the county of Dinwiddie,<br />at the courthouse, on Friday the 15th of July, in consequence of pre-<br />vious notice from their late representatives, and an intimation of their<br />desire to be advised and instructed, relative to the differences now un-<br />happily subsisting between Great Britain and her colonies, after mature<br />deliberation on this most interesting subject, they unanimously came to<br />the following declaration of their sentiments, which are intended to ma-<br />nifest to the world the principles by which they are actuated in a dispute<br />so important, as that they conceive, on its decision, depends the political<br />existence of all America.</p>
<p>WE, the inhabitants of the county of Dinwiddie, do entertain the<br />most cordial and unfeigned affection and loyalty for his majesty’s person<br />and government, which, together with his right to the crown of Great<br />Britain, and its dependencies, we will at all times defend and support,<br />at the risk of our lives and fortunes, and under so true a conviction of<br />the firmest allegiance, we think ourselves entitled, as a constitutional<br />right, to protection from that sovereign to whom we have been ever<br />attached by the strongest ties of duty and inclination. But however<br />happy we may consider ourselves under the auspices of thei supreme ma-<br />gistrate, we cannot help being apprehensive of the ill effects which may<br />flow from some recent and dangerous innovations, imagined and con-<br />trived in the house of commons, against those rights to which the Ame-<br />ricans have a just and a constitutional claim in common with his majesty’s<br />subjects of Great Britain. Amongst these instances of oppression we<br />cannot omit the parliament’s retention of a duty on tea, accompanied<br />by an act declaratory of their right in the fullest manner to tax America,</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 3</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>thereby asserting in other terms their claim to whatever property the<br />Americans may by their labour acquire, which submitted to, would re-<br />duce us to a degree of servility unexampled but in a state of despotism;<br />and yet inconsistent as this plan of substituting <em>power</em> for <em>right</em> may ap-<br />pear with the noble and liberal spirit of the British government, it has<br />been adopted for some time by administration, and pursued with a per-<br />severance that becomes truly alarming. A late and striking proof of<br />which we have to lament in the unprecedented acts of parliament for<br />cutting off the people of Boston from every privilege valued by free men,<br />and subjecting them to hardships unknown but in arbitrary governments.<br />In pursuance of which acts their town and harbour are blocked up, all<br />commerce interdicted, and articles merely essential to life only imported,<br />and as a matter of favour, and an inducement to submission. A part of<br />their property may be held at the King’s pleasure, on the humiliating<br />condition of their living in obedience to such laws. To aggravate these<br />evils, should the most atrocious murder be committed in enforcing the<br />execution of any of these acts, the civil power is forbid to punish, but<br />the criminal is to be sent for trial to Great Britain, or to any colony, at<br />the will of the governor; if to the former the distance will operate to<br />his acquittal for want of testimony; if the latter method is adopted it is<br />equally a subversion of the legal form of trial. This proves in what esti-<br />mation our lives are with a British Parliament, as the first law shews in<br />what light they consider our property.</p>
<p>Upon these distressful circumstances we sincerely sympathize with our<br />fellow subjects of Boston, and will concur with them and the rest of the<br />colonies in any measures that may be conductive to a repeal of laws so de-<br />structive to our common rights and liberty.</p>
<p>And though we do not pretend to justify the outrage committed by<br />the people of Boston in destroying the private property of the East India<br />company, to which they might have been impelled by an apparent inten-<br />tion in the parliament of fixing on them a precedent of arbitrary taxa-<br />tion, yet we cannot see the good policy or right reason that could dictate<br />the depriving a whole people of their rights for a trespass committed by<br />a few, when the civil laws of the community were amply provident of<br />redress for the injury.</p>
<p>The result of our opinion upon these violent measures is, that we do<br />protest against every law or act of the British legislature that shall autho-<br />rise the imposition of taxes on the Americans without their consent,<br />which cannot be had in parliament, as they have no representation, nor<br />ought not to have in that body from local circumstances and other consi-<br />derations, and because it is the proper, exclusive, and indefeasible right, of<br />every free state, especially under the British form of government, to be<br />taxed only by themselves or their representatives.</p>
<p>We further declare, that upon all occasions when requisitions shall be<br />made to us by the crown for aids in support of his majesty’s just rights,<br />or those of government, we will most chearfully comply with them to<br />the utmost of our ability; but we cannot think a British parliament fit<br />judges of the mode by which, or the degree in which, we ought to be<br />taxed.</p>
<p>And whereas a convention of the late representatives of this colony<br />was judged expedient, and was appointed after their dissolution to be held<br />the first day of August next, at Williamsburg, then to consult upon the<br />most plausible means of avoiding the dangerous precedents of acts of<br />power now intended to be established against us, to promote on our part<br />this laudable design, we do appoint our late representatives, ROBERT<br />BOLLING, and JOHN BANISTER, esquires, deputies, to act for us<br />on this important occasion, recommending it to them to concert with<br />the deputies from the other counties a firm and prudent plan of opposition<br />to every invasion of our rights, and particularly to those acts of parlia-<br />ment we have pointed out. Confiding in their vigilance and attention,<br />we wish them in their endeavours the success that so good a cause merits.</p>
<p>At a meeting of a respectable body of the freeholders and other inha-<br />bitants of the county of Surry, on due notice, at the courthouse of the<br />said county, the 16th of July, 1774, ALLEN COCKE, esquire, mo-<br />derator, the proceedings and resolutions of the late members of the<br />house of burgesses since their dissolution, respecting the alarming situation<br />of North America, were seriously deliberated upon, and the following<br />RESOLVES unanimously agreed to.</p>
<p>I. RESOLVED, that we acknowledge all due obedience to his pre-<br />sent majesty, and will defend him with our lives and fortunes.</p>
<p>II. Resolved, that as British subjects, who know the invaluable<br />blessings of their birthright, we will not submit to the imposition of<br />any taxes or duties, to be paid by the inhabitants within this dominion,<br />by any other power than the general assembly, duly elected, and that in<br />them, and them only, is the constitutional right of taxation vested.</p>
<p>III. Resolved, that we will chearfully join with our suffering brethren<br />of America, in the firmest bonds of union, against exporting or im-<br />porting any commodities to or from Great Britain, till our just and<br />legal rights are restored.</p>
<p>IV. Resolved, that the cause of the town of Boston is the common<br />cause of all British America.</p>
<p>V. Resolved, that as the population of this colony with freemen and<br />useful manufacturers is greatly obstructed by the importation of slaves<br />and convict servants, we will not purchase any such slaves or servants<br />hereafter to be imported.</p>
<p>VI. Resolved, that subscriptions be opened in this county for the relief<br />of our suffering brethren in the town of Boston.</p>
<p>VII. Resolved, that ALLEN COCKE, and NICHOLAS FAULCON,<br />junior, esquires, our late representatives, be and they are hereby nomi-<br />nated and appointed to attend the general meeting of deputies of the<br />other counties and corporations within this colony, in the city of Willi-<br />amsburg, on the first day of August next, there to concert such mea-<br />sures as may be found most expedient for the general good of the colonies.</p>
<p>VIII. Resolved, that the clerk of this meeting do transmit the pro-<br />ceedings of this day to the printers of both gazettes, and request them<br />to publish the same without delay.</p>
<p>JAMES KEE, Clerk of this meeting.</p>
<p>At a meeting of the freeholders and others, inhabitants of the county<br />of Chesterfield, at the courthouse of the said county, on Thursday the<br />14th of July, 1774, to take into consideration the present very alarming<br />situation of this colony, the reverend ARCHIBALD M’ROBERT being<br />unanimously chosen moderator,</p>
<p>Resolved, <em>nemine contradicente,</em> that we are ready and willing at the ex-<br />pence of our lives and fortunes to defend and maintain his majesty’s right<br />and title to the crown of Great Britain and his American dominions<br />against all his enemies, and we do profess all just obedience and fidelity<br />to his sacred person and government.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the sole right of making laws for the government of this<br />his majesty’s ancient colony and dominion of Virginia, and for raising and<br />levying taxes on the inhabitants thereof, ought to be, and is vested in the<br />general assembly of the said colony, and cannot be executed by any other<br />power without danger to our liberties; subject, nevertheless, as of cus-<br />tom has been, to his sacred majesty’s approbation.</p>
<p>Resolved, that every other of his majesty’s dominions in America<br />ought to be, and of right is entitled to, the same privileges as this<br />colony.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the present demand of money as a duty upon tea im-<br />ported into this or any other colony in America, under the authority of<br />the British parliament, <em>”for the sole purpose of raising a revenue in Ame-<br />rica,”</em> without the consent of our representatives, is arbitrary and unjust,<br />a subversion of the ancient and constitutional mode of levying money<br />upon British subjects, and evidently calculated to fix a precedent for fu-<br />ture demands of the same nature, and by that means to reduce the colo<br />nies to a state of slavery, and that all persons aiding in the execution of<br />such laws be considered as enemies to the freedom of British subjects.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the act of the British parliament for depriving the in-<br />habitants of the town of Boston, in our sister colony of the Massachu-<br />setts Bay, of their lawful trade, as also the bills brought into the house<br />of commons of Great Britain, one of which bills is entitled, “a bill<br />for the impartial administration of justice in the cases of persons question-<br />ed for any act done by them in the execution of the law, or for the sup-<br />pression of riots or tumults in the province of Massachusetts Bay, in<br />New England,” are unjust, arbitrary, and unconstitutional; and al-<br />though levelled particularly against one of our sister colonies, yet ought<br />to be resented with the same indignation by this and every colony as if<br />all of them were included in the said act and bills.</p>
<p>Resolved, that an extensive association ought to be entered into, and<br />that no goods or commodities of any kind whatsoever ought to be im-<br />ported from Great Britain into this colony after the first day of August<br />next, except medicines, paper, books, needles, cotton, wool and<br />clothiers cards, steel, gunpowder, German oznabrigs, hempen rolls,<br />negro cotton and plains, Dutch blankets, salt petre, and implements<br />necessary for the manufacturing of woolens and linen. And that all<br />and every person who has sent orders to Great Britain for any articles<br />except such as are already excepted ought to embrace the first opportunity<br />to countermand such orders.</p>
<p>Resolved, that any inhabitant of this colony who shall import any<br />article not allowed by this association, or purchase from any other per-<br />son who shall import such article except already ordered, shall be deemed<br />a betrayer of the liberties of his country, and that we will not hold<br />friendship or have any connection with such offending person.</p>
<p>Resolved, that every kind of luxury, extravagance, and dissipation,</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>should now and at all times be carefully discouraged, and that an exten-<br />sive plan of establishing manufactures amongst the inhabitants of this<br />and the other colonies in North America should immediately be adopted<br />as the only possible means of avoiding that dependent commercial con-<br />nection which hath hitherto subsisted between the colonies and Great<br />Britain, which hath induced an arbitrary and designing administration to<br />attempt the total destruction of our rights and liberties, and that to carry<br />the same more effectually into execution, subscriptions be opened for that<br />purpose under proper regulations.</p>
<p>Resolved, that to dissolve the general assembly of the colony, sitting<br />for the dispatch of public business, “because they enter into a consideration<br />of the grievances under which they labour, and nobly assert their right<br />to freedom,” is arbitrary and oppressive, a manifest proof of a fixed inten-<br />tion to destroy the ancient constitutional legislative authority in the colo-<br />ny, and directly contradictory to the spirit of the acknowledgments made<br />in favour of the rights of a British people.</p>
<p>Resolved, that this colony ought not to hold any commercial inter-<br />course with any of the colonies in North America that shall refuse to<br />adopt proper measures for procuring redress of our grievances.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the town of Boston is now suffering in the cause of<br />American liberty, that her safety and protection is and ought to be the<br />common cause of the other colonies, and that her relief ought to be<br />attempted by all proper and constitutional ways and means in our power.</p>
<p>Resolved, that we do most heartily concur with the late representatives<br />of this colony in their sentiments delivered at the meeting held in Wil-<br />liamsburg after the dissolution of the last assembly. We return them our<br />warmest thanks for their spirited conduct on that and every other occasion,<br />and entreat their steady and determined attention to the same principles<br />at the meeting to be held on the first day of August next, in the city of<br />Williamsburg.</p>
<p>Resolved, that ARCHIBALD CARY and BENJAMIN WATKINS,<br />our late worthy representatives, together with the representatives to be<br />chosen for this county in the next assembly, be and they are hereby ap-<br />pointed deputies on the part of the freeholders and inhabitants of this<br />county, to meet such deputies as shall be appointed by the other counties<br />and corporations in this colony, in the city of Williamsburg, on the first<br />day of August next, to take under their consideration the several<br />grievances, under which this and the other American colonies are at<br />present labouring, to concert and deliberate upon proper ways and means<br />to procure redress of those grievances, and that they, together with such<br />deputies as shall be then and there assembled, do nominate proper persons<br />on the part of this colony, to meet such deputies as shall be appointed<br />upon the part of the other continental colonies in a general congress, to<br />consult and agree upon a firm and indissoluble union and association for<br />preserving by the best and most proper means their common rights and<br />liberties.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the clerk of this meeting transmit to the printers of<br />both gazettes copies of these resolutions, with the earnest request of this<br />county that the other counties and corporations within the colony will<br />appoint deputies to meet at the time and place and for the purposes<br />aforesaid. JERMAN BAKER, Clerk to the meeting.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, JULY 21.</p>
<p>WE are informed that the city of Philadelphia have already gene-<br />rously contributed 1500 barrels of flour for the relief of the<br />patriotic Bostonians.</p>
<p>Colonel Bolling, our late worthy representative for the county of<br />Dinwiddie, has, we hear, offered two of his mills <em>gratis</em> (deemed the<br />best in this colony) to grind such commodities as may be sent to them<br />for the use of the people of Boston.</p>
<p>A gentleman at Cabin Point, who has manufactured cloths there<br />for some years, has, it seems engaged a number of hands, whom he<br />daily expects, and proposes to work as reasonably as possible, not only<br />to assist us at this alarming crisis, but to encourage the manufacturing<br />branch, in every respect, throughout Virginia.</p>
<p>Since our last we have received the following account of elections:<br />For the college, Colonel John Randolph; for Isle of Wight, John S.<br />Wells and John Day, esquires; for Surry, Allen Cocke, junior, and<br />Nicholas Foulcan, esquires; for Nansemond, Lemuel Riddick and Wil-<br />lis Riddick, esquires; for Gloucester, Thomas Whiting and Lewis<br />Burwell, esquires; for Middlesex, Edmund Berkeley and James Mon-<br />tague, esquires; for Essex, James Edmondson and Meriwether Smith,<br />esquires; for Accomack, Southy Simpson and Isaac Smith, esquires;<br />for Norfolk county, Thomas Newton, junior, and James Holt, esquires;<br />for Norfolk borough, Joseph Hutchings, esquire; for Henrico, Richard<br />Adams and Samuel Duval, esquires; for Dinwiddie, John Banister and<br />Robert Bolling, esquires.</p>
<p>FRIDAY, JULY 22.</p>
<p>It is a happy reflection, that, notwithstanding every ministerial artifice<br />to subvert the independent spirit of the AMERICANS, we can assure<br />the people of this colony, that our brethren throughout the different<br />departments to the northward continue still as animated as at first in<br />their suffering, though generous cause, and seem determined never to<br />co-operate with undue influence, or to bend beneath the yoke of that<br />oppression which at this juncture so conspicuously threatens us. His<br />excellency governor Gage has issued a proclamation, bearing date the<br />29th ult. ordering that no meetings for the future shall be held within<br />his government, which, for the greater satisfaction of our readers, we<br />shall here insert.</p>
<p><em>A PROCLAMATION for discouraging certain illegal combinations.</em><br />WHEREAS certain persons, calling themselves a committee of cor-<br />respondence for the town of Boston, have lately presumed to make, or<br />cause to be made, a certain unlawful instrument, purporting to be <em>a<br />solemn league and covenant,</em> intended to be signed by the inhabitants of<br />this province, whereby they are most solemnly to covenant and engage to<br />suspend all commercial intercourse with the island of Great Britain until<br />certain acts of the British parliament shall be repealed; and whereas<br />printed copies of the said unlawful instrument have been transmitted by<br />the aforesaid committee of correspondence, so called, to the several<br />towns in this province, accompanied with a scandalous, traitorous, and<br />seditious letter, calculated to inflame the minds of the people, to disturb<br />them with ill grounded fears and jealousies, and to excite them to enter<br />into an unwarrantable, hostile, and traiterous combination, to distress<br />the British nation, by interrupting, obstructing, and destroying her trade<br />with the colonies, contrary to their allegiance due to the king, and to<br />the form and effect of divers statutes made for securing, encouraging,<br />and regulating the said trade, and destructive of the lawful authority of<br />the British parliament, and of the peace, good order, and safety, of the<br />community; and whereas the inhabitants of this province, not duly<br />considering the high criminality and dangerous consequences to them-<br />selves, of such alarming and unprecedented combinations, may incauti-<br />ously be tempted to join in the aforesaid unlawful league and covenant,<br />and thereby expose themselves to the fatal consequences of being con-<br />sidered as the declared and open enemies of the king, parliament, and<br />kingdom of Great Britain; in observance therefore of my duty to the<br />king, in tenderness to the inhabitants of this province, and to the end<br />that none who may hereafter engage in such dangerous combinations,<br />may plead, in excuse of their conduct, that they were ignorant of the<br />crime in which they were involving themselves, I have thought it fit to<br />issue this proclamation, hereby earnestly cautioning all persons whatso-<br />ever within this province against signing the aforesaid, or a similar cove-<br />nant, or in any manner entering into or being concerned in such unlaw-<br />ful, hostile, and traiterous combinations, as they would avoid the pains<br />and penalties due to such aggravated and dangerous offences. And I do<br />hereby strictly enjoin and command all magistrates, and other officers,<br />within the several counties in this province, that they take effectual<br />care to apprehend and secure for trial all and every person who may<br />hereafter presume to publish, or offer to others to be signed, or shall<br />themselves sign the aforesaid, or a similar covenant, or be in any wise<br />aiding, abetting, advising, or assisting therein; and the respective sheriffs<br />of the several counties within this province are hereby required to cause<br />this proclamation forthwith to be posted up, in some public place, in<br />each town, within their respective districts.</p>
<p>*<sup>*</sup>* Query, Whether this proclamation will meet with more respect<br />than that of his majesty did lately in London, offering a reward for ap-<br />prehending a man who had made himself obnoxious to administration? On<br />this proclamation, the man was taken up and carried before a magistrate,<br />who released him; the proclamation being in itself illegal, and the per-<br />son who acted upon it was prosecuted.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from</em> Philadelphia, <em>dated</em> July 6.<br />”I confess that no man wishes more for the establishment of a <em>con-<br />stitutional</em> postoffice in America than myself; yet, as I anticipated in a<br />former letter, Mr. G———d’s scheme seems to bear but an indifferent<br />prospect of success. He returned here a few weeks ago. At Boston,<br />and other parts of New England, he told them the Philadelphians had<br />unanimously resolved to establish a constitutional post; and, for a con-<br />firmation of his assertion, a merchant at Boston wrote to a gentlemen in<br />this city. I am not acquainted with the contents of the answer, though<br />I have great reason to conclude them unfavourable to Mr. G———d. He<br />attended a meeting of mechanics here one night, pretending to have let-<br />ters of consequence from Boston, New York, &c. two or three of which<br />were read, and gave some satisfaction; but the others mentioning the<br />regulation of the postoffice, they refused to read them through, ob-<br />serving America had business enough upon her hands without meddling</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>with the affairs of a postoffice. Mr. G———d was much chagrined and<br />vexed, and shortly after left the city.”</p>
<p>In the last Philadelphia papers there are several accounts relative to the<br />Indians: Some say the back inhabitants of Pennsylvania and Virginia<br />are blamed much, and that captain Conolly has acted with great barbari-<br />ty, having endeavoured frequently to murder two or three Indians, who<br />escorted the traders with the utmost faithfulness to Fort Pitt, and shew-<br />ed great humanity towards them; but the accounts are so various and<br />complicated, that it is not easy to draw a conclusion; besides, we would<br />not wish to do the least injustice to captain Conolly, more especially as<br />there have been frequent instances of late of the barbarity of that savage<br />people.</p>
<p>Several letters from principal gentlemen in England to their correspond-<br />ents in New York and Philadelphia, are just received: They wish us to<br />continue firm in our opposition, as the only means of obtaining redress.</p>
<p>Mr. Bradford’s paper informs us that the list of prizes in the Delaware<br />lottery was just come to hand; but for want of room and time, they<br />were obliged to postpone its insertion till the succeeding week.</p>
<p>ADVERTISEMENTS, several PIECES, and the RESOLVES of many<br />counties, shall be attended to in our next.</p>
<p><em>By his</em> EXCELLENCY <em>the right honourable</em> JOHN <em>earl of</em> DUNMORE, <em>his<br />majesty’s lieutenant and governor general of the colony and dominion of</em><br />VIRGINIA, <em>and vice admiral of the same:</em><br />A PROCLAMATION.VIRGINIA, to wit.<br />WHEREAS the GENERAL ASSEMBLY is summoned to meet<br />on <em>Thursday</em> the 11th of next month, but I find no urgent oc-<br />casion for their meeting at that time, I have therefore thought fit, by<br />this proclamation, in his majesty’s name, farther to prorogue the said<br />assembly to the first <em>Tuesday</em> in <em>November</em> next.<br /><em>GIVEN under my hand, and the seal of the colony, at</em> Williamsburg,<br /><em>this 8th day of</em> July, <em>in the 14th year of his majesty’s reign.<br />DUNMORE<br />GOD SAVE THE KING.</em></p>
<p>TO BE RENTED,<br /><em>From year to year, or for a term of years, and entered upon the first day of</em><br />September <em>next</em><br />A CONVENIENT TENEMENT in the town of <em>Petersburg,</em><br />at present in the possession of Mr. <em>Andrew Johnston,</em> whereon is a<br />commodious storehouse, with a large counting room, and lodging rooms<br />under the same roof, lumber houses of different sizes and for different<br />purposes, stables, chairhouse, and a garden well paled in. Any useful<br />repairs may be made by the tenant, and the expence deducted out of the<br />rent. The terms, which are extremely low, may be known by applying<br />to 3 BOLLING STARK.</p>
<p>KING WILLIAM, <em>July</em> 10, 1774.<br />THE SALE of the deceased colonel <em>James Quarles’s</em> NEGROES<br />that were advertised to be at <em>Aylett</em>’s warehouse on the 13th instant,<br />is, by consent of parties, deferred until the 10th of <em>August</em> next, at<br />which time they will most certainly be sold agreeable to the former ad-<br />vertisement. 3 GOODRICH CRUMP.</p>
<p>JAMES CRAIG,<br />AT THE GOLDEN BALL,<br />WILLIAMSBURG,<br />BEGS leave to inform the public that he has just got an eminent<br />hand in the WATCH AND CLOCK MAKING BUSINESS,<br />who served a regular apprenticeship to the same in <em>Great Britain,</em> and<br />will be obliged to those who favour him with their commands. He<br />makes and repairs REPEATING, HORIZONTAL, and STOP<br />WATCHES, in the neatest and best manner. JEWELLERY,<br />GOLD and SILVER WORK, as usual, made at the above<br />shop, for READY MONEY only.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>at</em> Hanover <em>courthouse, on</em> Thursday <em>the 4th of</em> August<br /><em>next, being court day,</em><br />FIFTEEN likely <em>Virginia</em> born SLAVES, belonging to the estate<br />of doctor <em>John Walker,</em> deceased. Credit will be given till the 25th<br />of <em>December</em> next, the purchasers giving bond, with approved security, to<br />THOMAS SIMPSON, Administrator.<br />*<sup>*</sup>* Those concerned are desired to take notice that I have fully em-<br />powered Mr. <em>George Lumsden</em> to transact the business of the above estate.<br />The distressed situation of the estate puts it out of my power to grant<br />any indulgence to its debtors; and as I intend to close my administration<br />as soon as possible, I therefore request the favour of those who have any<br />claims against the said estate to bring them in, either to Mr. <em>Lumsden</em> or<br />myself, properly attested, at farthest, by the 1st of <em>October</em> next.<br />3 T. S.</p>
<p>GREEN SPRING, <em>July</em> 13, 1774.<br />I HEREBY forewarn all persons not to purchase FRUIT or VEGE-<br />TABLES, or any thing else, from any of the negroes belonging to<br />the estate of Mr. <em>William Lee,</em> without a note from me, or any of the<br />overseers who act for the said estate. GRIFFIN FAUNTLEROY.</p>
<p>IF one SARAH FARGUSON, who came indented from <em>England</em> about<br />six years ago, and served her time with Mr. <em>Charles Lewis,</em> deceased,<br />on <em>Rappahannock,</em> will apply to the printer of this paper, she will hear<br />of something much to her advantage.</p>
<p>RAN from the plantation of the subscriber, near the <em>Great Falls</em> of<br /><em>Potowmack,</em> on the <em>Maryland</em> side, in <em>Frederick</em> county, about the<br />27th of <em>June,</em> a very likely mulatto slave named ELIAS, near 5 feet<br />10 inches high, and about 20 years old; had on, when he went away,<br />a brown broadcloth coat, a light coloured broadcloth jacket, oznabrig<br />shirt, short breeches of the same, a new felt hat, and shoes and stockings.<br />His head, from the crown to the forehead, is remarkably long, and<br />is much scarred about the mould, proceeding from his having had a scald<br />head when he was a boy. He has also a scratch on his upper lip, which<br />may be perceived by taking a near view of it. Whoever delivers him to<br />me shall receive a reward of THIRTY SHILLINGS, if taken 20 miles<br />from home, and in proportion to that distance.<br />3 THOMAS OFFUTT.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Charlotte,</em> a well made black horse, about 4 feet 6<br />inches high, about 16 or 17 years old, branded on the near buttock<br />W, and has on a bell of 3s. value. Posted, and appraised to 3£. 10s.<br />PETER RAWLINS.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Culpeper,</em> a middle sized mare, shot before, her<br />hind feet white, and branded on the near buttock I. E. Posted, and<br />appraised to 3£. 10s. * JOHN GRIGSBY.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>at public sale, at</em> STAUNTON, <em>on</em> Tuesday <em>the 16th of</em><br />August <em>next, being</em> AUGUSTA <em>court day.</em><br />TWO tracts of LAND, belonging to captain <em>Matthew Harrison,</em><br />and lying in <em>Hampshire, vix.</em> One tract of 317 acres, on the drains<br />of <em>Lost River,</em> joining <em>James Bryan,</em> and one tract of 100 acres, on the<br />drains of said river, joining <em>John Price</em> and <em>Jacob Crisman.</em> Plots of said<br />land may be seen on the day of sale, in the hands of <em>Gabriel Jones,</em><br />esquire. Credit will be given for one half the purchase money till <em>April</em><br />next, and for the other half till the 16th of <em>August,</em> 1775, giving bond,<br />with approved security, to (3) GEORGE MITCHELL.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> LET, <em>to the</em> LOWEST BIDDER, <em>on</em> Thursday <em>the 28th instant</em><br />(July) <em>at the town of</em> Manchester, <em>in</em> Chesterfield <em>county,</em><br />THE clearing of the FALLS of JAMES RIVER from <em>Westham</em> to<br />the mouth of <em>Reedy Creek;</em> it will be let in several divisions. Bond<br />and security will be required for the performance in time, and agreeable<br />to the directions then given. A considerable sum is subscribed towards<br />carrying the work into execution. Half the money is to be paid the<br />undertakers in <em>October</em> next, and the other half the <em>October</em> following.<br />They will not have the trouble of collecting the money from the sub-<br />scribers, as they will oblige themselves to pay the sums agreed upon at<br />the times stipulated. THE TRUSTEES.</p>
<p>STRAYED, or stolen, from the subscriber in <em>Dumfries,</em> on the night<br />of the 18th of <em>April</em> last, two WAGGON HORSES, the one a<br />black, 14 hands high, 7 or 8 years old, has lost one eye, with a hanging<br />mane and switch tail; his brand, if any, is not remembered. The other<br />is a bay, about the same size of the black, 5 years old, branded on the<br />shoulder D. F. and on the buttock R. G. very plain. Whoever secures<br />said horses, so that I get them again, shall have THREE POUNDS reward;<br />and if delivered here, TRAVELLING EXPENCES paid.<br />3 REGINALD GRAHAM.</p>
<p>PORTSMOUTH, <em>July</em> 5, 1774.<br />A PURSE of 100 guineas to be run for by any horse, mare, or<br />gelding, over the two mile course at this place, the best two heats<br />in three, on <em>Tuesday</em> the 20th of <em>September,</em> carrying weight for age,<br />agreeable to the articles of the said purse, which are to be seen in the<br />hands of Mr. <em>Richard Nestor,</em> merchant there, with whom all horses<br />starting for the said purse are to be entered, the day before the race at<br />farthest. The money to be paid to the winner immediately after the<br />race. It is also proposed to have two more races, one on the <em>Wednesday</em><br />following, for &50pound;. the other on <em>Thursday.</em> for 30£. which will be adver-<br />tised particularly, as soon as the subscriptions are full.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD <em>at the late dwellinghouse of Mr.</em> Hugh Houston, <em>deceased,<br />in</em> Fredericksburg, <em>on</em> Thursday <em>the 18th of</em> August <em>next,</em><br />ALL the PERSONAL ESTATE of the said <em>Houston,</em> consisting of<br />HOUSHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, an assortment of<br />SADDLERY, and sundry other articles in the harness way. Six<br />months crdit will be allowed, on bond, and approved security. At the<br />same time and place will be rented, till the 25th of <em>December,</em> the LOTS<br />and HOUSES of <em>William Houston,</em> deceased, and the TANYARD; all of<br />which are in good repair. Also the slaves hire till the same time; among<br />whom are several good BLACKSMITHS, SHOE and HARNESS-<br />MAKERS, and a very good TANNER. Bond and security will be<br />required; and if not punctually paid, to carry interest from the date.<br />Those who have demands against either or both of the said <em>William</em> and<br /><em>Hugh Houston,</em> are desired to bring in such claims, properly attested, in<br />order that they may receive payment according to dignity; and those<br />who are indebted are desired to give bond and make payment to Mr. <em>Ben-<br />jamin Johnston,</em> who is impowered to act by FANNY HOUSTON, ad-<br />ministratrix of <em>Hugh,</em> and acting in lawful right to <em>William Houston,</em><br />deceased. 3*</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />TWO thousand six hundred and seventy five ACRES of LAND<br />in <em>Gloucester</em> county lying in <em>Petsworth</em> parish, upon which there<br />is a very good mill on an excellent stream of water. It will be laid off<br />in lots for the convenience of purchasers; and as it is entailed land, ap-<br />plication will be made to the next general assembly for an act to dock the<br />entail. Mr. <em>Lewis Booker</em> will shew the land, and make known the<br />terms. WILSON M. CARY.</p>
<p>TO BE SOLD,<br />THE noted and well accustomed TAVERN, at present occupied by<br />the subscriber, lying in <em>James City</em> county, about 15 miles from<br /><em>Williamsburg,</em> on the main road leading to <em>New Kent,</em> courthouse and<br /><em>Ruffin’s</em> ferry, with 500 acres of LAND in good order for cropping, and<br />6 fields under good fence. The terms of payment will be made easy by<br />the subscriber. THOMAS DONCASTLE.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Culpeper,</em> a sorrel mare, about 4 feet 5 inches high,<br />branded on the off buttock I. C. and is about 3 years old. Posted,<br />and appraised to 7£. REUBIN SLAUGHTER.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Brunswick,</em> a dark bay horse, about 14 hands high,<br />branded on the near buttock U, paces and gallops well. Posted, and<br />appraised to 13£. WILLIAM CLACK.</p>
<p>RUN away on the 16th instant <em>(June)</em> from the subscriber in <em>Au-<br />gusta,</em> a negro man named BACCHUS, a thick, strong, well<br />made fellow, about 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, 30 years of age; took<br />with him two white russia drill coats, one turned up with blue, the<br />other is quite new, plain made, with white figured metal buttons; also<br />a pair of blue plush breeches, a fine cloth pompadour waistcoat, two or<br />three thin or summer jackets, sundry pair of white thread stockings, 5<br />or 6 white shirts, two of them pretty fine, neat shoes, silver buckles,<br />a fine hat, cut and cocked in the macaroni figure, a double milled drab<br />great coat and sundry other wearing apparel. He formerly belonged to<br />Doctor <em>George Pitt,</em> in <em>Williamsburg,</em> and I imagine is gone there, under<br />pretence of my sending him upon business, as I have frequently heretofore<br />done. He is cunning, artful, and sensible, and very capable of forging<br />a tale to impose on the unwary, is well acquainted with the lower parts of<br />the country, having constantly rode with me for some years past, and has<br />been used to waiting from his infancy. He was seen a few days before<br />he went off with a purse of dollars, and had just changed a 5£. bill; most<br />or all of which, I suppose, he must have robbed me of, which he might<br />easily have done, as I trusted him much, and placed too great a confi-<br />dence in his fidelity. It is probable he may endeavour to pass as a free<br />man, by the name of <em>John Christian,</em> and endeavour to get on board<br />some vessel bound for <em>Great Britain,</em> from a knowledge he has of the late<br />determination of <em>Somerset’s</em> cafe. Whoever takes up the said slave, and<br />delivers him to me, shall receive FIVE POUNDS.<br />‘4’ GABRIEL JONES.</p>
<p>RUN away, from Neabsco furnace, the 16th of<br />March, a light coloured mulatto man named<br />BILLY, or WILL, the property of the honourable<br />John Tayloe, esquire. When I tell the public that he<br />is the same boy who for many years used to wait on me,<br />in my travels through this and the neighbouring pro-<br />vince, and by his pertness, or rather impudence, was<br />well known to all my acquaintances, there is the less<br />occasion for a particular description of him. However,<br />as he is now grown to the size of a man, and has not at<br />tended me for some time past, I think it not amiss to say<br />that he is a very likely young fellow, about 20 years<br />old, 5 feet 9 inches high, stout and strong made, has a<br />remarkable swing in his walk, but is much more so by a<br />surprising knack he has of gaining the good graces of<br />almost every body who will listen to his bewitching and<br />deceitful tongue, which seldom or ever speaks the truth.<br />He has a small scar on the right side of his forehead, and<br />the little finger of his right hand is quite straight by a<br />hurt he got when a child. Had on, when he went away,<br />a blue fearnought jacket, and an under one of green<br />baize, cotton breeches, oznabrig shirt, mixed blue sale<br />stockings, country made shoes, and yellow buckles.<br />From his ingenuity, he is capable of doing almost any<br />sort of business, and for some years past, has been chiefly<br />employed as a founder, a stone mason, and a miller, as<br />occasion required; one of which trades, I imagine, he<br />will, in the character of a free man, profess. I have<br />some reason to suspect his travelling toward James river,<br />under the pretence of being sent by me on business.<br />Whoever apprehends the said fellow, and brings him to<br />me, or to his master, the honourable John Tayloe, at<br />Mountairy, or secure him so as to be had again, shall<br />have treble what the law allows, and all reasonable<br />charges paid. tf<br />THOMAS LAWSON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich<br />TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst county, whereon<br />are several plantations and improvements sufficient to<br />work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale<br />a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately bult, with a<br />stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILL-<br />STONES, which mill has for two years past got up-<br />wards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a<br />never failing stream. The land will be shewn by William<br />Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the<br />prices of the land made known by him. One or two<br />years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the<br />second year, and also for the first, if the money is not<br />paid agreeable to contract. The land is to be laid off<br />and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence<br />of the purchaser, Deeds will be made, upon bond and<br />approved security being given, either to Call, William<br />Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent. discount will be<br />allowed for ready money, or good merchants notes. If<br />any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower<br />part of the country, on or near some navigable river,<br />that are good, it is more than probable we should agree.<br />CARTER BRAXTON.</p>
<p>KING HEROD<br />STANDS at Rosegill, and will cover mares at FOUR<br />POUNDS the season. Those who send mares must<br />send the money, otherwise they shall not be left. The<br />valuable qualities, and the pedigree, of this horse, are<br />sufficiently notorious.<br />RALPH WORMELEY, junior.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land, lying<br />on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa, with<br />three plantations thereon, two of which has sufficient<br />houses for overseers and negroes; the other is improved<br />with all necessary buildings, and orchards of all kinds,<br />fit for the reception of a gentleman, the house being<br />finished in the best manner. This tract is well timbered<br />and watered, lies within 32 miles of Fredericksburg, and<br />43 of Page’s warehouse; there are at least 400 acres of<br />low grounds, of the best soil, 300 of which are now to<br />cut. The three plantations are under good fences, and<br />in good order to work 12 or 15 hands. Robert Flem-<br />ing, John Massey, and John Lain, are now in possession<br />of the plantations, who will shew the land to any person<br />inclinable to purchase, and Major Thomas Johnson will<br />ed the most valuable in Louisa for growing corn, wheat,<br />or tobacco, and situated in the best range for stock of any<br />below the great mountains. ( tf I* )</p>
<p>N<br />LANDED from Liverpool, four BALES, marked C I.<br />The owner may have them on paying the charges<br />to ISAAC YOUNGHUSBAND, who has for sale a parcel of<br />low priced Irish LINENS.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, at public auction, at Westmoreland court-<br />house, on Tuesday the 27th day of September, being<br />Westmoreland court day,<br />TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born SLAVES.<br />Credit will be allowed until the 10th of November<br />following, on giving bond and good security. The<br />bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually<br />discharged. tdf RICHARD PARKER.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, June 13, 1774.<br />THE <em>subscribers have for</em> SALE MADEIRA <em>WINE,</em><br />BARBADOS <em>RUM, CANE, SPIRIT, and</em><br />MUSCOVADO <em>SUGAR.</em><br />PHRIPP and BOWDOIN.</p>
<p>YORK town, June 9, 1773.<br />THE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with<br />the will of their testator, the late Honourable<br />William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted<br />to him will endeavour to make as speedy payments as<br />possible. Those who have accounts open on his books,<br />and who cannot immediately discharge the balances,<br />are desired to give their bonds. This request is the<br />more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by<br />the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has<br />directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed<br />out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it<br />can be done. Those who have any demands are desired<br />to make them immediately known.<br />THOMAS NELSON, | HUGH NELSON,<br />THOMAS NELSON, jun. | RO. C. NICHOLAS.</p>
<p>WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second-<br />hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight<br />each. Any person having such for sale are desired to<br />make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk.<br />t.f. BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>TO BE SOLD,<br />A TRACT of LAND in Berkley and Frederick<br />counties, containing 12,076 acres; it lies 7 miles<br />on each side of Shenando river, the quantity on the east<br />side, being only a slip of low ground, is inconsiderable;<br />the quality of the land is remarkably good, and the con-<br />veniencies attending it great. There are two plentiful<br />streams of water running through marshes three miles in<br />length, some of which are already reclaimed meadows,<br />and the rest, at a very small expence, might soon be re-<br />duced to the like state. On each side of the streams mills<br />might be erected and furnaces, the land affording stone,<br />lime, iron, and lead ore. On one of the streams I have<br />already erected a complete merchant mill, with a pair of<br />the best French burrs for grinding of wheat, and a pair<br />of common stones for grinding of Indian corn; besides<br />this, there is near the dwelling house a tub mill, and on<br />the other stream there is a valuable saw mill. There<br />are five settled and improved plantations; on one of<br />them is a good stone house, 2 stories high, with 2 rooms<br />on a floor, a kitchen, dairy, and all other convenient out-<br />houses; on another plantation, where Michael Pike lived,<br />there is a good stone house; and at the other plantations<br />there are overseers houses, negro quarters, barns, stables,<br />tobacco houses, &c. The above tract shall be either par-<br />titioned off in lots of 1000 or 500 acres, or sold bodily to<br />one purchaser. Belonging to this estate there are 112<br />negroes to be disposed of, togother with all the stocks of<br />cattle, equal to any in the colony, horses, mares, colts,<br />hogs, &c. likewise all the necessary implements for the<br />planter or farmer. Any person or persons inclinable to<br />purchase are desired to make their proposals to me at<br />Rosegill, on Rappahannock river, or to leave them with<br />the overseer, who lives at the house plantation, and will<br />shew the land. In November I shall be on the premises,<br />and may then be personally treated with. Part of this<br />land, and some of the negroes, belong to my eldest son,<br />who leaves to me the disposition thereof, and will confirm<br />any engagement I enter into on his part.<br />6 RALPH WORMELEY.</p>
<p>TO BE RENTED,<br />FROM YEAR TO YEAR, OR FOR A TERM OF YEARS,<br />BELVOIR,<br />THE beautiful seat of the honourable George William<br />Fairfax, esquire, lying upon Potowmack river, in<br />Fairfax county, about 14 miles below Alexandria. The<br />mansion house is of brick, two story high, with four con-<br />venient rooms and a large passage upon the lower floor,<br />five rooms and a passage on the second, and a servants<br />hall and cellars below; convenient offices, stables, and<br />coach house, adjoining, as also a large and well furnish-<br />ed garden, stored with great variety of valuable fruits, in<br />good order. Appertaining to the tract on which these<br />improvements are, and which contains near 2000 acres<br />(surrounded, in a manner, by navigable water) are se-<br />veral valuable fisheries, and a good deal of cleared land<br />in different parts, which may be let altogether, or sepa-<br />rately, as shall be found most convenient. The terms<br />may be known of Colonel Washington, who lives near<br />the premises, or of me, in Berkeley county,<br />tf FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>To be SOLD, pursuant to an act of assembly, on Mon-<br />day the 1st of August next, being Prince William<br />court day.<br />The glebe lands of Dettingen parish, in the said<br />county, adjoining the lands of the present incum-<br />bent the reverend James Scott, situate on Quantico Run,<br />about 9 miles from Dumfries, and containing about 400<br />acres. The soil is good for wheat or tobacco, and there<br />may be got a considerable quantity on the same.<br />3 Henry Lee,}<br />Lewis Reno.} churchwardens.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />FIVE hundred acres of land, lying on Deep Creek in<br />Louisa, about 45 miles of Richmond town, and is<br />exceeding good land, well watered by Deep Creek, and<br />a large branch thereof, which runs through the middle<br />of the land, and affords a large quantity of rich meadow<br />ground. Any person inclinable to purchase may see the<br />land, and know the terms, by applying to the subscriber,<br />living near it. tf I* GEORGE MERIWETHER.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.<br />NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels<br />will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000<br />tons of stone from Mr. Brooke’s quarry, on Rappahan-<br />nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light-<br />house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work<br />are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Loyall,<br />and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors<br />of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or<br />two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burthen.<br />tf BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p><em>For SALE</em><br />A TRACT of land, on Charles river, York county,<br />containing about 600 acres, part of which is marsh,<br />that may be drained with very little expence. The situ-<br />ation of this place is very convenient for a family, at it<br />lies upon a river that abounds with oysters and fine fish,<br />particularly sheepsheads; it is within 200 yards of a mill,<br />and 2 miles of the church. My reason for selling it is,<br />my having bought a tract of land more convenient to me.<br />Whoever inclines to purchase may know the terms by<br />applying to the subscriber, in York town.<br />THOMAS NELSON, junior.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />And to be ENTERED upon at CHRISTMAS next,<br />A VERY valuable tract of LAND in King William<br />county, on Pamunkey river adjoining the land of<br />the late Mr. John Smith, of Hanover county, deceased,<br />containing 800 acres, more or less, the soil is very rich,<br />and exceedingly well adapted for wheat, corn, or tobacco,<br />particularly the first and second, being low grounds;<br />and there is a considerable quantity of high grounds.<br />It has plenty of good pine and oak timber upon it, con-<br />venient houses, and is in good order for cropping, is<br />about two miles from Hanover town, and very convenient<br />to church and two mills. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may be shewn the land by applying to Mr. Christo-<br />pher Taliaferro, or Mr. William Jones, who resides near<br />the same, and the terms may be also known by applying<br />to these gentlemen, or to the subscriber.<br />tf THOMAS JONES.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, together or in parcels,<br />THAT fertile and well timbered tract of LAND,<br />lying in Princess Anne county, known by the name<br />of Gibbs’s Woods, whereon are several settlements,<br />and whereof Jeremiah Tinker, esquire, grandson of the<br />late governor Gibbs now stands seized, under the deed<br />of gift of his mother, the daughter and heiress of the<br />said governor Gibbs. Persons inclining to purchase may<br />be informed of the terms by applying to Mr. James<br />Parker, merchant in Norfolk, or to Edward Foy, in<br />Williamsburg, who will give an undoubted title. tf</p>
<p>To be SOLD, and entered upon immediately,<br />A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more<br />or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county.<br />It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I<br />advertised last year and then gave a full account of it,<br />since then I sold it to John Attway Clarke, of Maryland,<br />but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more<br />to offer it to the public. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may know the terms by applying to me in Mid-<br />dlesex, I want part of the money at the meeting of the<br />merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable<br />credit. tf AUGUSTINE SMITH.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,<br />A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none<br />of the land having been cleared above six years,<br />with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500<br />acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good<br />that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with-<br />out dung. I have made on this plantation above three<br />thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very<br />healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies<br />in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-<br />mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and Mayo<br />creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near<br />to Petersburg by water, and last month, in the dry wea-<br />ther, two canoe loads of wheat were carried near to<br />Petersburg, and the canoes brought back; they were<br />loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt<br />but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the<br />expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &c. will be trifling.<br />Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce<br />of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not<br />know any better high land in the colony. This tract of<br />land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I<br />do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on<br />Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat<br />in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage-<br />ous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 826<br />acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles<br />from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the<br />quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small<br />plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is<br />good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any<br />person who viewed either of the above tracts of land<br />would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither<br />of these tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever.<br />A reasonable time of payment will be allowed.<br />tf ANTHONY WINSTON.</p>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia gazette. Number 428, Thursday July 21, 1774
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2019.17
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-07-21
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/473b5270e36aa0531330285a81351172.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=EG9GWvBcSfK9rNLlPIwQRwaaecoQvIUo3S7MkeG8OZJnYUb2AaxDupLlpxba6pCtlUrbjgy9ydsLszyc6yxOXHbsVtGBeEVZy8EGNVPtU-kwCl536pRIo1-6onyIl1rCjHsp-dLQ3O5K6FJmgax2qk2aY6mx3wlwhZC7GqEwrSkFrVwv3BekozQFEO9I0bf7EYUGtgjdoJecJPtdXHt5VrPRWzvue9dnwG--UqGPmdDIZbGD6kkAJaWzShI2bQaq3lN0gVbHhP67zNzDQsU-U5h6BmS3rmDiiB2SbeZmlH5BV5dQ66sMch5CpSE7IOdPVrrZWyQoGUAFBisINKoxHg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
07c71b2479e121f43ee1cdbe0cff3a1a
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/dea263d6644a8605e93aa21225f265c1.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=MaagFzFBSGNcM4gx2wyKk5LfNWtt9%7ES7kq9KzCxcAgjAweghUfFeCTXXWDmkkCD5-K-MIS31IuSXKCadYtTTAjhrjnc2buJc5d-EbIJgsUKojdFEnfoPNR9Nbcb8SAKhpxb4cXu35xuxNMp6PTlvytRvh1wbErOhshq2ZNTTRKY2HFTUASCtrgyGHAODKR4Jqn2kz5GPgWVSRqXA9wRC%7EZNZuYbSWp0rBL2JrSRkptFChG7uxJhCBAbWdmU07eQ5e558gY5vsDq-4%7EQYEvL2SuWaJpCo5yhvXzAqgDBJfzdauSLn%7EwT-BYkOh-TQJxWsekl8Q-DIDJvdhWtx4BfYNA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
be81c21182cf0e585025f4bbe4fe3317
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/c429ada9efa69c6625a692c1800559fd.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=dpSuz5x86ZzNfHv%7EH46oUk%7Er-MrUvPb4QRD0IW1tnQAzP53qH0obN-XfaHkhDIHQUZnKLvWbE%7Ecy0lpGPAF3LPFGfolc2v03iyHy7%7EKcRDTA-LSs-EYCIeVUiLu901o6x9JSHM8VyQTfLegya2KFsKC-9ziAJCpOus1AXj5Im9A-Tu4uF8tgpjQHqf%7Ede7pHAPTvGjby3WogTedsIHMXyIqGllMUnI-48tw4kDxS9J607stYPFa0jjYWd3RzbuyXqxQWTWTxexWYLu-84wra4Gs-a25jhMoTwoeWtHQnkEzdJLeB55y1IxqsaekGKdDDsXiGcOMDvx4rEyTiePIQGA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
a294c5226d5bf7322992b6a68d3d0930
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/523d7278aaaa2bb05846ab91557be72a.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=oaCtwyRFBRh2zotpRNyXD73bzRnrxigq9SfIhWgPPanyMG336viJ3t9qBG0nlXrFlbVcUN2I0J7Z5WwBSsJ2YZs8b%7EiRN-GavjlVAiRZBwRA76v6eFPo0wtQAH4mFKCBqL6nQvwKsx3T%7E1ydY1KGYqp85QIOSOjyJud1SmaTmCrt%7Enxpac7N8VXBBknrQ1G6I%7EMbRr0hVJXLnuoSGk8bVebU6b6-romVH3-8arxiiZuFUYWglCeINzBXxP4E4aJ85SOxC3xaKrL3trCL3rK%7ErtNFuQz3QExRNHODGbkeHQJB4gQ42JTUuFSOUUMa09qOVPoQ0RTZyhBKLSAseeRZAA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c5d85030bb731c86624cda2cdba59ba9
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>THE<br />VIRGINIA GAZETTE.<br /><br />THURSDAY, July 28, 1774. NUMBER 4[faded, illegible]9</p>
<p>OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG: PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.</p>
<p>All Persons may be supplied with their GAZETTE at 12f. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3f. the first Week,<br />and 2f. each Time after; long ones in Proportion.______PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<p>The BRITISH AMERICAN.<br />NUMBER IX.<br />FRIENDS, FELLOW CITIZENS, and COUNTRYMEN,<br />I HAVE observed, that in quarrels between two men, where each<br />hath been satisfied of the other's bravery, they have generally<br />compromised their difference upon honourable terms; but where<br />the person injured, under pretence of trying moderate measures,<br />hath by his method of asking satisfaction, given his adversary<br />reason to suspect his courage, a scandalous submission, or the duel<br />he wished to avoid, has been the consequence. The same passions which<br />produce this effect between two men will operate equally upon two states,<br />who are but a collections of individuals. It is my firm opinion, that if<br />the British aristocracy were once convinced that you were determined to<br />risk your lives and fortunes rather than submit to the legislation of a Bri-<br />tish parliament, they would relinquish so despotic a measure rather than<br />force you to draw the sword, if you convince them that you are deter-<br />mined to go even those lengths rather than submit; and nothing but a<br />persuasion that you dare not do so hath induced them to proceed so far as<br />they have done. But supposing it was otherwise, it is high time that<br />the dispute between Britain and America should be brought to some fixed<br />point, which being once determined, either one way or other, may re-<br />move all future contest; for if you look no farther than the present mo-<br />ment, and only endeavour to obtain a repeal of any particular act of par<br />liament you complain of, you will no sooner battle oppression in one shape<br />than, Proteus like, it will attack you in another equally formidable.<br />Jealousies, complaints, murmurs, ad dissentions, will eternally subsist,<br />reciprocal provocations will totally destroy all harmony betwixt the inha-<br />bitants of the two countries and implacable resentment end in mutual<br />attempts to ruin, if not to extirpate, each other. What then, my<br />countrymen, is it you demand? The answer is obvious: A right of ex-<br />emption from the legislation of the British parliament. If you are de-<br />termined to enforce this right lay the ax to the root of the evil, boldly<br />avow those intentions to the world, and pursue the proper measure, to<br />transmit that right to your posterity. Of the three plans proposed, the<br />first appears too weak and timid, the second too violent, rash, and dis-<br />honourable, to be adopted; then consider cooly the third plan proposed;<br />That you shall absolutely determine at once that you will not in the future<br />suffer any act of the British parliament, made since the 4th of James the<br />first, to be executed in the colonial; that if any judge of any court what-<br />soever shall presume to pronounce any judgement to enforce such act of<br />parliament he shall incur the resentment of an injured people and be<br />treated as an enemy to America; that the judgement so prounounced by<br />him shall be absolutely void; and that you will, at the risk of your lives<br />and fortunes, support every person injured by such judgements, in repelling<br />the execution of them by force. It is objected, that this measure strikes<br />at the navigation acts, which we have long submitted to. The very<br />objection evinces the folly of trusting the decision of this dispute to poste-<br />rity, who familiarized to oppression, will never resist it, and who, by<br />long use, will be accustomed to look upon every badge of slavery with as<br />little horror as we do upon the navigation acts, which ought certainly to<br />be considered as impositions of the strong upon the weak, and as such ought<br />to be resisted as much as any of the other acts we complain of; nor will<br />this dispute ever be ended till by refusing submission to them we remove<br />so dangerous a precedent. But it is to be reasonable that your trade<br />should be secured to Great Britain: I own I cannot see the force of this<br />argument; for why should not Britons on this have as good a right to<br />extend their trade to every corner of the globe as those on the other side<br />of the Atlantic. Is it material to the empire of Great Britain in what<br />part of her dominions the wealth of her subjects lies, since it will finally<br />center in her happy island? Bristol, Liverpool, and Whitehaven, would<br />esteem it an intolerable hardship to be obliged to lade or unlade all their<br />ships at the port of London, and though they are not obliged to do this,<br />their wealth finally centers in that city, as the metropolis of the king-<br />dom; so if America was indulged in an unlimited trade it would be<br />highly advantageous to Britain, as all the profits of such a trade must<br />finally center in that island. It hath been justly observed, "that natural<br />inclination leads every man to the cultivation of the soil, and the exten-<br />sive continent of America will enable her inhabitants to indulge that<br />inclination for centuries to come; nothing but oppression can ever induce<br />them to turn their thoughts towards manufactures, whilst the produce of<br />their fields can supply them with those manufactures." Long custom,<br />added to their natural connections with their mother country, will lead<br />them to prefer those of Britain to any others, and the certain market<br />they would meet with there, together with the danger they will run, in<br />trading with a foreign power, who in case of a war may cancel all the<br />debts due to them, will induce them to supply Britain with all the rough<br />materials she can manufacture, and to trade with other nations for such<br />only as would be superfluous to her. But it is objected, that America<br />would supply foreign poweres with tobacco, and Britain would lose that<br />valuable branch of trade: To this I answer, that her own interest would<br />induce America first to supply Britain with as much of that commodity as<br />she wanted for home consumption; because so much would bring a better<br />price from thence than from any other market. The revenue of Britain<br />would not therefore be affected, and, with regard to the superfluity, Great<br />Britain could never be said to lose those profits which any of her subjects<br />gained; because the wealth would finally center in the capital of the<br />empire. The happy temperature of her climate would invite the indolent,<br />the residence of her monarch would draw the ambitious, the grandeur of<br />her metropolis would induce the luxurious of her extensive empire to spend<br />all their superfluous wealth in a city where they could indulge every wish<br />of their hearts. Not to mention the vast superiority Great Britain would<br />have over the colonies, by all the officers of government in them being<br />appointed, the government directed, and even the legislature controuled<br />(in the exercise of the king's negative) by British councils. But it is<br />objected, that if America was indulged with this extension of trade, still<br />she would not contribute to the support of government, unless compelled<br />to it by a British parliament. Either this objection is true, or false;<br />suppose it true. If all the wealth arising from the trade and labours of<br />the Americans finally centers in Britain, it is as immaterial to the state<br />whether America actually pays the taxes herself, or enables others to do<br />it, as it is whether the publican or tallow chandler pay their taxes to the<br />exciseman, who pays them into the exchequer, or whether they pay them<br />into the exchequer themselves. But I deny the objection to be true.<br />The assemblies of the colonies of America, when proper requisitions have<br />been made to them as a free people, who had a right to exercise their<br />judgement upon the expediency of the requisitions, have never refused to<br />contribute to the utmost of their power towards supporting the dignity of<br />the British empire; nor can the British aristocracy produce a single in-<br />stance of any one colony's having refused to grant supplies, when their<br />sovereign hath requested them, but such where the governors, instead<br />of requesting those supplies, with a respect due to a free people, have in-<br />solently demanded them, with threats, in case of refusal; or when, in<br />the proprietary colonies, their proprietors have refused to pass any supply<br />bills, by which his large estate in the province would be obliged to con-<br />tribute any thing towards warding off the common danger, and then, by<br />the address of his governor, administration hath been abused with a belief<br />that disloyalty in the people to their sovereign occasioned the want of<br />those supplies, which were really withheld by the avarice of the pro-<br />prietor. In the last war, when the usual requsitions were made, the<br />assemblies, fond of demostrating their loyalty to their soveriegn, and<br />their regard for the dignity of the British empire, exerted themselves so</p>
<div class="column">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>much beyond their ability, that the parliament of Great Britain thought<br />it but just to repay them what they had actually contributed more than<br />their proportion. Have they ever since been asked to contribute, and<br />refused? Why then distrust them now? Or why run the risk of destroying<br />the goose to get at that wealth which will be at the service of their sove-<br />reign whenever he asks for it in the usual way? But it is objected, that<br />the last war was undertaken solely on account of America, and therefore<br />she was more materially interested in its success than any of the inhabi-<br />tants of Britain. The event has proved the very reverse. Each colony,<br />possessed of more lands than their inhabitants could cultivate, were really<br />prejudiced by Great Britain's extending her dominions in America.<br />Their lands fell immediately 50 <em>per cent.</em> in their value by the emigration<br />of their inhabitants to the new conquered colonies, the manufactures<br />from Britain came much higher than formerly, by the great demand for<br />them to supply their new acquired subjects, their exports to Britain were<br />reduced in their price, on account of the additional ones from the new<br />dominions, and, to crown all, the British aristocracy, having no longer<br />a foreign rival to fear in America to check their aspiring views, employed<br />their victorious arms to destroy the rights of those subjects who had assist-<br />ed them in obtaining the victories which now enable them to attempt<br />to enslave you, with even a shadow of success. But if custom hath so<br />far habituated you to their unjust laws that you are willing, for the sake<br />of peace, to meet your mother country more than half way, upon her<br />agreeing to repel those acts, together with every precedent of legislation,<br />do you, on your parts, agree to secure the trade of the colonies to Great<br />Britain, by re-enacting the laws of navigation, in your own respective<br />assemblies, which when they have obtained the royal assent, will be<br />eternally binding on you? But never content to submit to those laws, as<br />the acts of a British parliament. it is objected, that the third plan pro-<br />posed is too violent and illegal to be adopted: let us consider whether<br />it is so; and here permit me to make a few distinctions, which are sup-<br />ported by those laws of England, which our ancestors, when they, with<br />the leave of their sovereign, settled America, imported with them.</p>
<p><em>When a judge pronounces an erroneous judgement, in a cause properly within<br />his jurisdiction, he is not answerable as a criminal for such an error in<br />judgement, because no man is infallible, and corruption is not to be presumed.<br />The judgement so pronounced by him, though erroneous, is not absolutely void,<br />but avoidable, and till it is regularly revisited by a Superior court of judicature,<br />it is to be considered as a judgement, may as such be enforced, and cannot be<br />legally resisted.</em></p>
<p><em>If a judge pronounces judgement in a cause in which he has no jurisdiction,<br />or if a man constitutes himself a judge, or is by others, who have no right to<br />do so, illegally constituted a judge, and as such presumes to enforce such<br />usurped jurisdiction, even though the judgement is a just one, he is answerable<br />for the consequences. the judgement thus pronounced by him, though a just<br />one, is absolutely void, and as such may be legally resisted; the judge, and<br />every person concerned in endeavouring to enforce such a judgement, are tres-<br />passers, and if any person should be killed in resisting such judgement, the<br />judge who pronounced the sentence, if present at the execution, and all his<br />assistants, are answerable for the murder.</em></p>
<p><em>The courts of admiralty, at the time our ancestors settled America, had no<br />jurisdiction of any offence committed in any river or bay where the land could<br />be seen across from one side to the other; and if they presumed to usurp such<br />jurisdiction, by seizing any vessel in such places, they, and all acting under<br />them, were trespassers, their judgements were absolutely void, and, by the<br />statue of 2 Henry 4, chap, 11, they were liable for double damages.</em></p>
<p><em>The king cannot create any new offence which was not so at the common law,<br />or alter the mode of trial of those already created in Britain, without the con-<br />sent of his British parliament, or, in other words, without the consent of the<br />representatives of the people, who are to be judged for such offences, and<br />affected by such trials; and if he should, such trials would be illegal, the<br />judgements absolutely void, the persons injured by them may not only maintain<br />an action against, and indict as trespassers, the persons who attempt to enfore<br />such illegal and void judgements, but may resist them by force, and if in such<br />resistance they kill the trespassers, it will not be murder, because, say the<br />books, the persons slain were trespassers, covering their violence with a show<br />of justice; he who kills them is indulged by the law, and those who engage<br />in such unlawful actions must abide by the event, at their peril.</em></p>
<p>For authorities in support of the doctrines I have thus laid down, I<br />refer my reader to 10 Co. Rep. 76 and 77. 1 Salk. 201. 2 Mod. 30,<br />196. Rolls. Abr. Tit. Escape, 809. pl. 45. Cro. James, 314, Cro.<br />Car. 395, 2 Sid. 125, 1 Lev. 95. Hob. 267, Holt Rep. 186, 1 Hawk.<br />pl. cr. chap. 28, sect. 5 and 6, chap. 29, sect. 8, chap. 31. sect. 46,<br />chap. 32, sect. 54, 57, 58, 59, and 60, 2 Hawk. Pl. Cr. chap. 50,<br />sect. 3, 4, Inst. 87, 97, 98, 121, 134, to 142, 213, and 248; and a<br />great multitude of precedents in those books referred to. From these<br />doctrines and authorities I draw the following inferences.</p>
<p>First, that the jurisdiction exercised by the courts of admiralty in the bays<br />and rivers in American being given, the very offenses of which they take<br />cognizance being created, and the modes of trial being altered from the<br />common law, since the settlement of the colonies by the British parliament,<br />in which the inhabitants of the colonies are not represented, the judg<br />ments given by those courts are absolutely void, that the persons injured<br />by them have a right to recover double damages of, and to indict the<br />persons who enforce them, and to resist them with force, and if in such<br />resistance the trespassers are killed, it will not be murder; but, on the<br />other hand, if the persons resisting are killed, all actually present in<br />countenancing and enforcing such judgements will be guilty of murder.</p>
<p>Secondly, that as acts of the British parliament, made since the settle-<br />ment of America (in which the inhabitants of America neither are or<br />can be represented) cannot be binding upon the Americans, who had no<br />share in framing them, the subject matter of such acts of parliament can<br />never come within the jurisdiction of any court of judicature in America,<br />and consequently any judgement given by an American court of judicature,<br />to enforce such acts of parliament, are absolutely void, and may be le-<br />gally resisted.</p>
<p>Thus, my countrymen, the dispute finally terminates in this single<br />question: Whether the British parliament, in which you are not repre-<br />sented, have a right to make laws to bind you, or not? If they have,<br />all opposition is illegal; but if they have not, you may, without in-<br />fringing the laws of your country, declare that you will not submit to<br />any act of parliament made since your ancestors, with the leave of their<br />sovereign, settled in America, and determine to punish any judge who<br />shall dare to enforce such; for the man who as a judge usurps a jurisdicti-<br />on he has not right to, and under colour of a law, no way obligatory on<br />you, attempts to wrest your property from you, is to be considered as a<br />plunderer and robber, and you have as good a right to repel by force the<br />baliff who, by virtue of an execution against your estate, attempts to<br />imprison your person, or the Gascon who would enforce an edict of the<br />French parliament. A just apprehension of personal danger, and the<br />dread of immediate punishment, acts so powerfully upon the human<br />mind, that I can readily imagine a regard for their personal safety would<br />induce, and a dread of danger would intimidate, all the judges in the<br />colonies from enforcing acts of parliament, which no judge would<br />dare to enforce obedience to, could never injure you. But if, contrary<br />to expectation, the judges should still presume to proceed, I would not<br />advise you to confine yourselves to resolutions only, or even to a bare<br />resistence of the execution of their judgements, but by pursuing active<br />measures, convince them you are in earnest, and make examples of the<br />offending judges. Be not alarmed, my countrymen, it is not my inten-</p>
</div>
<div class="column">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>tion to advise you to proceed to extremities, and hand up these judges<br />at once; for if the laws of your country can be duly enforced, the au-<br />thorities I have cited prove that private actions, brought by the parties<br />injured, the presentment of grand, and the verdicts of petit juries, will<br />be amply sufficient to enable you to punish legally any judge, who, by<br />arrogating to himself an illegal jurisdiction, shall presume to invade him-<br />self, or instigate others to invade, the property, restrain the liberty, or<br />destroy the lives, of his fellow subjects. It is objected, that administra<br />tion will exert its influence over all your courts of justice, to stifle such<br />suits and prosecutions, or, at least, to prevent them from being carried<br />into execution: To this I answer, that when violent and unconstituti-<br />only measures are taken, to overturn the laws of, or to impede, the<br />course of justice in any country, the first law of nature gives the people<br />a right of preserving the one, and of enforcing the other; therefore, if<br />your natural and political liberty should be thus trampled on, and your<br />property should be thus illegally invaded, you will be strictly justifiable<br />in recurring to force, and in proceeding to the last extreme; and to sa-<br />crifice to your just resentment three or four, or even three or four dozen,<br />unconstitutional or corrupt judges in each colony, will be a more mode-<br />rate measure than that of entering into associations to starve 20,000 of<br />your innocent manufacturing fellow subjects in Britain, or that of break-<br />ing off all connections with the mother country, and by that means re-<br />ducing yourselves to the necessity of slaughtering some thousands of the<br />British soldiers, or of exposing the lives of all America in a bad cause;<br />for such it would be esteemed if you act dishonourably in withholding<br />their debts from your creditors. Upon the whole, my advice to you,<br />my countrymen, is, that you send deputies from every colony in Ame-<br />rica to form a general congress.* Let them be instructed to enter into<br />the firmest resolutions of not submitting to any acts of the British parlia-<br />ment, made since the 4th of James the 1st (when your ancestors, with<br />the leave of their sovereign, made the first effectual settlement in Ame<br />rica, and by doing so, could be no longer subject to the legislation of a <br />British parliament, in which they could not be represented) and of pu-<br />nishing any person who shall presume, for the future, to enforce such<br />acts of parliament in America. Let them draw up and transmit to<br />England, an address to your gracious sovereign, expressive of the most<br />affectionate loyalty to his person, of their readiness to grant him supplies<br />for the benefit of the whole empire, to the utmost of their abilities,<br />whenever he shall request it of his respective American assemblies; but<br />assuring him of their determined resolution to sacrifice their lives, and<br />every thing that is valuable to them, rather than submit to the legisla-<br />tion of a British parliament; and that as no evil can be so dreadful to<br />them, as a humiliating subjection to their fellow subjects the lords and<br />commons of England, that if his majesty, deaf to these their reiterated<br />complaints, should persist in permitting such acts of parliament to be<br />enforced in America, his subjects of that great continent, though struck<br />with horror at the idea of disloyalty to his sacred person, are, though<br />reluctantly, firmly determined to break off all connections with Great<br />Britain, and trust to that God who hath told them that the race is not<br />always to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, to support their en-<br />deavours in preserving that liberty they received from their British an-<br />cestors. It is objected, that though this plan may be of service to the<br />other colonies, it will administer no relief to the town of Boston, who<br />is now suffering in the common cause: To this I answer, that a parti-<br />cular emergency requires a special remedy. So far as relates to the re-<br />moval of the seat of government, I think resistence would be illegal, it<br />being the undounted perogative of the crown to fix, or to remove, the<br />seat of government of any particular colony, to whatever place the king<br />pleases within that colony; and though this prerogative may be exercised<br />oppressively, still the subject must submit. He may petition, but ma-<br />jesty only can redress the grievance.</p>
<p>But the stopping up the port of Boston, and prohibiting the owners<br />from using their own wharfs, under colour of acts of parliament, which<br />the inhabitants, or their representatives, had no share in framing, is<br />such an illegal stretch of power, such a despotic invasion of property,<br />that may be legally resisted, and ought not to be submitted to; indeed,<br />I look upon it as little less than a declaration of war, which would justify<br />all America in running immediately to arms, to repel so horrible an at-<br />tack upon their liberties, But still, my countrymen, I would wish to<br />see you adopt constitutional measures of redress. Let subscriptions be<br />opened in every town and county on the continent of America, to supply<br />the inhabitants of the town of Boston liberally with every necessary. Let<br />every supply of fresh provisions and other necessaries be withheld from the<br />navy and army employed in the detestable service of endeavouring to en-<br />slave their brethren and fellow subjects. Let every colony in particular,<br />and all America in general congress, protect against the illegality of the<br />measures, and resolve to support every person who shall infringe or oppose<br />it. Let vessels attempt to go in and out of the port of Boston as usual, as<br />if no such act of parliament existed. If the ships of war should seize<br />them, or the soldiers obstruct any man in the use of his wharf, prosecute<br />in the courts of law every officer, either of the army or navy, for acting<br />so illegally, and every judge who shall presume to condemn the vessels<br />seized; let the expense of such prosecutions be defrayed, and the losses<br />of private men made good, by the general contributions of all America.<br />If any violent measures are taken by the tools of the British aristocracy,<br />to impede the course of justice, recur to the first law of nature, and repel<br />the aggressors; and though the inhabitants of New England are suffici-<br />ently numerous to repel any illegal force which can be raised upon such an<br />occasion, yet in order to make it one general act of all America, let each<br />colony send a quota of men to perform this service, and let the respective<br />quotas be settled in the general congress.</p>
<p>These measures will, in my opinion, be the most moderate, the most<br />constitutional, and the most effectual, you can pursue, and will, I doubt<br />not, add such weight to your address to the throne, that the British<br />aristocracy, convinced that you are in earnest, will listen to reasonable<br />terms of accommodation, and you, by preserving your own liberty, be<br />such a constant check to their ambitious designs, as will restrain them<br />within the bounds of moderation, even in Britain; and by restoring<br />your sovereign to his necessary weight in the national councils, prevent<br />Great Britain from becoming a prey to those aristocratical vultures,<br />which are endeavouring to destroy her very vitals. But if debased by<br />corruption, prostituted by venality, and lost to all sense of shame, Bri-<br />tain, like a contented, fond wanton, loves and caresses the ravishers who<br />have debauched and undone her, should attempt to sacrifice her Ameri-<br />can offspring to their ambition and, regardless of your complaints, de-<br />termine to enforce the legislation of a British parliament in America, or,<br />in other words, if all your efforts are ineffectual to save your mother<br />country, and she must sink, you must then take care not to sink with<br />her; but by preserving your own liberty, prepare an asylum in America<br />for such of the inhabitants of Britain who still desire or deserve to be free.<br />You must then, and not till then, break off all connections with Great<br />Britain; you must stop your imports and exports to and from thence; you<br />must banish every customhouse officer from amongst you; you must in-<br />vite all other nations of the world to supply you with necessaries by giving<br />them liberty to trade with you, duty free; you must proclaim universal<br />freedom throughout America; you must draw your swords in a just cause,</p>
<p>I would advise that Frederick town in Maryland, or Winchester in<br />Virginia, should be fixed upon as proper for the meeting of this congress,<br />as no ships of war could bombard either of those towns, and the number<br />of expert rifle-men in those parts would be able to prevent any unwel-<br />come visitors from interrupting the congress; and though it is to be<br />hoped that no such thing will be attempted, a different caution will do<br />no harm.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="column">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>and rely upon that God, who assists the righteous, to support your en-<br />deavours, to preserve that liberty he gave, and the love of which he hath<br />implanted in your hearts, as essential to your nature. But there are<br />measures which the British aristocracy, when they reflect upon those<br />consequences of a war with the colonies which I enlarged upon in a<br />former letter, + will never force you into. They are measures which<br />nothing but necessity can justify; measures too delicate to be enlarged<br />upon, and measures which I touch with a trembling hand, because<br />though they will, they <em>must,</em> effectually preserve the liberty of America,<br />they will probably occasion the destruction of <em>Britain,</em> and though she<br />hath treated us unnaturally, and, I will add, ungratefully, she is our<br />mother country still, and as such I would wish to preserve her.</p>
<p>And now, my friends, fellow citizens, and countrymen, to convince<br />you that I am in earnest in the advice I have given you, notwithstand-<br />ing the personal danger I expose myself to in so doing, notwithstanding<br />the threats thrown out by the British aristocracy of punishing in Eng-<br />land those who shall dare to oppose them in America, yet because I do<br />not wish to survive the liberty of my country one single moment, be-<br />cause I am determined to risk my all in supporting that liberty, and be-<br />cause I think it in some measure dishonourable to skulk under a borrowed<br />name, upon such an occasion as this, I am neither afraid, or ashamed,<br />to avow, that the letters signed by A BRITISH AMERICAN, were<br />written by the hand, and flowed from the heart, of<br />THOMAS MASON.</p>
<p>+ As the letter here alluded to was published many years ago, like<br />this, in a newspaper, and, in all human probability, hath been long con-<br />signed to oblivion, it may not be amiss to give the following extract from<br />it: "If Great Britain should ever determine to enslave America, it is<br />more than probable that she would have more difficulties to encounter<br />than she at present apprehends. Suppose the Americans, alarmed at the<br />approaching danger, should discreetly determine to retreat to a considerable<br />distance from navigation, and carry off their provisions and live stock of<br />every kind with them, would troops, who had been confined to a close<br />ship, upon salt provisions, for near three months, without fresh provi-<br />sions, without horses to draw their artillery, be in a very proper condition<br />to pursue them? If they did, would not the scurvy, the unwholesomeness<br />of the climate, and the many disorders incident to America, which at-<br />tack the Europeans with double force upon their first arrival, render the<br />success of such an expedition impracticable, and enable the Americans to<br />preserve their liberty, without imbruing their hands in blood? Is it rea<br />sonable to suppose that three millions of British subjects would tamely<br />submit to slavery, without striking a single blow? Would not their know-<br />ledge of the country enable them to attack with advantage? Would not<br />the consideration that they were fighting <em>pro aris et focis</em> add enthusiasm<br />to their courage? Inured to the climate, and well supplied with provi-<br />sions, would they not be better able to undergo the fatigue of such a war<br />than their invaders? If the British troops, with all the assistance and<br />supplies of necessary refreshments, which they received from their Amer-<br />rican friends last war, thought an American campaign the severest they<br />had ever experienced, which must such a campaign be without such assist-<br />ance and supplies? Could Great Britain spare even 50,000 men, to reduce<br />a people actuated with sentiments of liberty, and possessed of British free-<br />dom, of twenty times their number, would those troops engage with<br />alacrity in such a cause? Would not some murmurings of humanity<br />whisper to their consciences that they were butchering their fellow sub-<br />jects for shweing themselves worthy of the race from whence they sprung,<br />and for acting the same laudable part which they themselves would do<br />under like oppression? When the sluices of her trade were stopped, and<br />all communication with her colonies broke off, could she long support the<br />expence of such an armament? Is she well assured that the other powers<br />of Europe would stand idle, and calmly see her trampling upon the rights<br />of mankind? Would not the generous design of preventing so execrable<br />a purpose furnish them with a just pretext for interposing in support of<br />the injured rights of the colonies? And might not Britain, whilst she<br />was endeavouring to enforce slavery with fire and sword in America, fall<br />an easy prey to the first invader, and thus involve herself in the ruin she<br />designed for others? But suppose Britain was able to crush America with<br />the smallest exertion of her force, and to extirpate its present inhabitants<br />without losing the life of a single man sent against it, would such a con-<br />quest redound either to her honour or advantage? Would not the life of<br />every American, spent upon such an occasion, be really a loss to Britain,<br />by lessening the export of her manufactures, and the import of rough<br />materials, which furnish her with the means of extending her trade to<br />every corner of the globe? What mighty advantage would she reap from<br />an uncultivated desert? Would it be easy for her to persuade her other<br />subjects to supply the place of the slaughtered with such an example of<br />the perfidy, cruelty, and ingratitude, of their mother country, before<br />their eyes? Does she think that the extirpation of liberty would be a <br />spur to industry, or that slavery hath such charms as to contribute to the<br />encrease of the colonies? Should the northern endeavour to deprive the<br />western counties of England of their rights, and a civil war ensue, would<br />the conflict be advantageous even to the conquerors? These are conside-<br />rations which must and will have weight with the British parliament,<br />and restrain them from entering into a war with the colonies."</p>
<p>Mrs. RIND,<br />BY inserting the following in your useful gazette you will render a <br />singular service to your country, and at the same time oblige far<br />the greater part of this county, which you need not in the least hesitate<br />to do, as it contains nothing but truth and real facts, which, if denied,<br />will be fully proved, by numbers now living in this county, as well as by<br />your humble servant, VIRGINIANUS.</p>
<p>Princess Anne, July 13, 1774.</p>
<p>WHEREAS an invariable mode of partiality and arbitrary admini-<br />stration has been frequently planned and executed by our present county<br />lieutenant, to the prejudice and displeasure of this county, and to the<br />almost general discontent, confusion, and destruction, of our militia,<br />which was once remarkable for its order, regularity, and good discipline,<br />but is now reduced to a state of anarchy, being without leaders, without<br />commanders, that are capable of disciplining them; therefore, as these<br />are facts undeniable, and most of them recent, which plainly prove the<br />mischievous tendency, and dangerous consequences, which proceed from<br />the absolute power given by government to the lieutenant of every county<br />to appoint all the officers for his county at his own will and pleasure,<br />which power, though seldom or never was so much abused before, yet<br />may be productive of many precedents hereafter, if not timely prevented<br />(more especially at this critical and dangerous era)which can no other-<br />wise be done than by the legislature taking that tempting power and<br />authority away from the county lieutenant, and placing them in the<br />courts martial respectively, or the major part of them present, with the<br />same reason that magistrates and vestrymen are to be chosen by a ma-<br />jority. By such an amendment in the militia law the companies in ge-<br />neral will be commanded by the best officers who have the best right to suc-<br />ceed, both from seniority and qualification, and will not be arbitrarily<br />and partially given away from such, through favor or selfish views, to<br />raw, inexperienced upstarts, who seldom or never served in the milit1a,<br />and know not how to draw up a single company, nor how to exercise<br />them when drawn up by an experienced officer; now will the men chear-<br />fully or willingly serve under such whom they know to be ignorant, un-<br />worthy, and unfit to command; which are the real cases in this county<br />at present.</p>
<p>PROCEEDINGS OF VIRGINIA.<br />At a meeting of the freeholders of Hanover county, at the courthouse,<br />on Wednesday the 20th of July, 1774, the following ADDRESS<br />was agreed to.<br /><em>To</em> JOHN SYME <em>and</em> PATRICK HENRY, <em>junior, esquires.</em><br />GENTLEMEN,</p>
<p>YOU have our thanks for your patriotic, faithful, and spirited con-<br />duct, in the part you acted in the late assembly, as our burgesses,<br />and as we are greatly alarmed at the proceedings of the British parliament,<br />respecting the town of Boston, and the province of Massachusetts Bay,<br />and as we understand a meeting of delegates from all the counties in this<br />colony is appointed to be in Williamsburg on the first day of next month,<br />to deliberate on our public affairs, we do hereby appoint you, gentlemen,<br />our delegates, and we do request you then and there to meet, consult,<br />and advise, touching such matters as are most likely to effect our deliver-<br />ance from the evils with which our country is threatened.</p>
<p>The importance of those things which will offer themselves for your<br />deliberation is exceeding great; and when it is considered that the effect<br />of the measures you may adopt will reach our latest posterity, you will<br />excuse us for giving you our sentiments, and pointing out some particu-<br />lars, proper for that plan of conduct we wish you to observe.</p>
<p>We are free men; we have a right to be so, and to enjoy all the pri-<br />vileges and immunities of our fellow subjects in England, and while we<br />retain a just sense of that freedom, and those rights and privileges ne-<br />cessary for its safety and security, we shall never give up the right of tax-<br />ation. Let it suffice to say, once for all, we will never be taxed but by<br />our own representatives; this is the great <em>badge</em> of freedom, and British<br />America hath been hitherto distinguished by it; and when we see the<br />British parliament trampling upon that right, and acting with determined</p>
</div>
<div class="column">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>resolution to destroy it, we would wish to see the united wisdom and<br />fortitude of American collected for its defence.</p>
<p>The sphere of life in which we move hath not afforded us lights suffi-<br />cient to determine with certainty concerning those things from which<br />the troubles at Boston originated. Whether the people there were war-<br />ranted by justice when they destroyed the tea we know not; but this we<br />know, that the parliament, by their proceedings, have made us and all<br />North America parties in the present dispute, and deeply interested in<br />the event of it; insomuch, that if our sister colony of Massachusetts<br />Bay is enslaved, we cannot long remain free.</p>
<p>Our minds are filled with anxiety when we view the friendly regards<br />of our parent state turned into enmity, and those powers of government,<br />formerly exerted for our aid and protection, formed into dangerous efforts<br />for our destruction. We read our intended doom in the Boston port bill,<br />in that for altering the mode of trial in criminal cases, and finally in the<br />bill for altering the form of government in the Massachusetts Bay.<br />These several acts are replete with injustice and oppression, and strongly<br />expressive of the future policy of Britain towards all her colonies; if a<br />full and uncontrouled operation is given to this detestable system, in its<br />earlier stages, it will probably be fixed upon us forever.</p>
<p>Let it, therefore, be your great object to obtain a speedy repeal of those<br />acts, and for this purpose we recommend the adoption of such measures as<br />may produce the hearty union of all our countrymen and sister colonies.<br />UNITED WE STAND, DIVIDED WE FALL:<br />To attain this wished for union, we declare our readiness to sacrifice any<br />lesser interest arising from a soil, climate, situation, or productions, pe-<br />culiar to us.</p>
<p>We judge it conducive to the interests of America that a general con-<br />gress of deputies from all the coloniesbeheld, in order to form a plan<br />for guarding the claims of the colonies, and their constitutional rights,<br />from future encroachment, and for the speedy relief of our suffering<br />brethren at Boston. For the present, we think it proper to form a ge-<br />neral association against the purchase of all articles of goods imported<br />from Great Britain, except negroes, cloaths, salt, saltpetre, powder, lead,<br />utensils, and implements for handycraftsmen and manufacturers, which<br />cannot be had in America; books, paper, and the like necessaries, and<br />not to purchase any goods or merchandise that shall be imported from<br />Great Britain after a certain day that may be agreed on for that purpose<br />by the said general meeting of the deputies at Williamsburg, except the ar<br />ticles aforesaid, or such as shall be allowed to be imported by the said<br />meeting, and that we will encourage the manufactures of America by<br />every means in our power. A regard to justice hinders us at this time<br />from withholding our exports; nothing but the direct necessity shall in-<br />duce us to adopt that proceeding, which we shall strive to avoid as long<br />as possible.</p>
<p>The African trade for slaves we consider as most dangerous to virtue and<br />the welfare of this country; we therefore most earnestly wish to see it<br />totally discouraged.</p>
<p>A steady loyalty to the kinds of England has ever distinguished our<br />country; the present state of things here, as well as the many influences<br />of it to be found in our history, leave no room to doubt it. God grant<br />we may never see the time when that loyalty shall be found incompatible<br />with the rights of free men. Our most ardent desire is that we, and<br />our latest posterity, may continue to live under the genuine, unaltered<br />constitution of England, and be subjects, in the true spirit of that con-<br />stitution, to his majesty, and his illustrious house; and may the wretches<br />who affirm that we desire the contrary feel the punishment due to falsehood<br />and villainy.</p>
<p>While prudence and moderation shall guide your councils, we trust,<br />gentlemen, that firmness, resolution, and zeal, will animate you in the<br />glorious struggle. The arm of power, which is now stretched forth<br />against us, is indeed formidable; but we do not despair. Our cause is<br />good; and if it is served with constancy and fidelity, it cannot fail of<br />success. We promise you our best support, and we will heartily join in<br />such measures as a majority of our countrymen shall adopt for securing<br />the public liberty.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the above address be transmitted to the printers to be<br />published in the gazette. WILLIAM POLLARD, Clerk.</p>
<p><em>At a meeting of the freeholders and inhabitants of the county of Stafford<br />the following ADDRESS was agreed to be presented.<br /><em>To</em> JOHN ALEXANDER <em>and</em> CHARLES CARTER, <em>esquires.</em><br />GENTLEMEN,</em></p>
<p>YOU <em>are chosen to convey the sentiments of the freeholders and inhabitants<br />of this county to a meeting of the agents from every county in the colony, to be<br />held in Williamsburg on the 1st day of August; permit us on the occasion to<br />recommend to you a conduct, decent, though spirited; animated, yet prudent.</em></p>
<p><em>You will declare as unanimously determined to preserve inviolate every pri-<br />vilege and immunity transmitted by our ancestors; that we reject, with a <br />disdain becoming the descendants of Englishmen, every mode of taxation, but<br />by our representatives; that we are united in our prayers and wishes for<br />a speedy restoration of that harmony which formerly subsisted between Great<br />Britain and her colonies. But, alas! we can but deem the prospect distant<br />while parliament continues her attempt to enslave us. While the port of Boston,<br />in our sister colony of Massachusetts Bay, is now actually blocked up with<br />an armed force, for having, with a becoming fortitude and resolution, with-<br />stood the fixture of a most unconstitutional tax, can we behold this attempt upon<br />Boston but as a prelude to what every other colony, as well as ourselves, are<br />to expect? Do not the inhabitants of that city, the first sufferers in the cause<br />of American liberty, demand every assistance from our united counsels and<br />resolutions? We approve, we willingly accede to the association of our late<br />assembly after their dissolution. It must affect the East India company, whose<br />concurrence with administration, in their attempts on our liberties, ought for-<br />ever to render them odious and detestable to every American. But while we<br />testify our approbation of these measures we declare, at the same time, that we<br />conceive them in our opinion to be inadequate to our purpose, and totally in-<br />sufficient to procure a removal of our complaints. They are not calculated to<br />alarm the merchant trading to America, nor will they serve to rouse the ma-<br />nufacturers, from whose interest, on the present occasion, to serve us. This, we<br />conceive, may be easily effected, by a general stoppage of all exports and im-<br />ports to and from Great Britain and the West India islands, an occlusion of the<br />courts of justice but in criminal cases, breaches of the peace, and matters of<br />record. These measures we request you to recommend to the meeting, as well<br />by your votes, as every other method in our power.</em></p>
<p>John Washington, Townshend Dade, Richard Fowke, W.G. Stuart,<br />William Mountjoy, Traverse Daniel, John James, Samuel Seldon, Yel-<br />verton Peyton, William Garrard, William Brent, Robert Stith, Thomas<br />Mountjoy.</p>
<p><em>Resolved, that an exemption from parliamentary taxation is the clear and<br />undoubted right of the American colonies; that this right hath been uniformly<br />claimed and allowed by the king and parliament of Great Britain from the<br />first settlement of America and that an attempt to deprive them of this right<br />is both contrary to the laws and constitution of England, and would reduce<br />the Americans to a slavery the most deplorable and ignominious.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that to surrender the inestimable and unquestioned right which the<br />people of America have to be taxed by their representatives only would be a<br />total departure from the dignity of human nature, and would argue such a<br />baseness of soul, as must render them unworthy of the name of British subjects.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that though the members of this meeting do most ardently wish to<br />see restored the good old system of tenderness and protection on the part of the<br />mother country, and love and respect on that of the colonies; they are, neverthe-<br />less, firmly and seriously resolved to do whatever shall be necessary for the sup-<br />port of the just and equitable claim of a distinct legislation in the colonies.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that every encroachment made by British parliament on the rights<br />of any one of his majesty's colonies or plantations in America ought to be looked<br />upon as an infringement upon the just rights, and inherent privileges, of the<br />whole.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved that the only sure and effectual measure to preserve America, and<br />disarm the hand of oppression, will be to put an entire and immediate stop to all<br />intercourse of trade with great Britain and the West Indies, and also to the<br />exportation of wheat, flour, provisions, and lumber, to any part of Europe.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the people of this colony ought not to have any communication<br />in the way of trade, or otherwise, with any colony or island in North America,<br />who refuse to unite with them in stopping all trade with Great Britain and the<br />West Indies, as mentioned above.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that it is the duty of this colony to contribute as far as their power<br />extends to the relief of the inhabitants of Boston, who are now, by the hard<br />hand of oppression, marked out as the victims of ministerial wrath for their<br />spirited exertions in the great cause of American freedom, and that subscripti-<br />ons be immediately set on foot for their relief, under the conduct of the com-<br />mittee.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that the courts of justice in<br />this colony ought to decline trying any civil causes until the grievances of Ame-<br />rica are redressed.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, it is the unanimous opinion of this meeting, and is now earnestly<br />recommended to the late representatives, that they will, when the sense of the<br />counties can be collected, appoint a meeting at the falls of James river, or some<br />other convenient place, to fix upon a plan for carrying into execution the mea-<br />sures proposed by the people, and it is hoped that deputies from the merchants<br />will attend.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that a committee be of the following persons:</em><br />John Alexander, Charles Carter, John Washington, Townshend</p>
</div>
<div class="column">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>Dade, William Hooe, Robert Washington, Henry Fitzhugh, Francis<br />Thornton, Gerrard Hooe, Nathaniel Washington, Robert Stith, Henry<br />Fitzhugh, junior, Lawrence Washington, Lawrence Washington, junior,<br />William Fitzhugh, Marmion, John Stuart, Alvin Moxly, Andrew<br />Grant, reverend William Stuart,, William Gibon Stuart, John Wadrop,<br />Baldwin Dade, Thomas Bunbury, junior, Housin<br />Hooe, Chandler Fowke, Richard Fowke, Thomas Massey, Robert<br />Yates, Charles Massey, Peter Hansborough, Seymour Hooe, Nehemiah<br />Mason, Segismund Massey, Samuel Selden, Gowry Waugh, John Fitz-<br />hugh, Thomas Fitzhugh, Henry Fitzhugh, junior, William Garrard,<br />William Mountjoy, Peter Daniel, Traverse Daniel, Thomas Mountjoy,<br />William Mountjoy, junior, John Mountjoy, Allin Waller, John Waller,<br />Yelverton Peyton, John Browne, reverend Clement Brooke, Elijah<br />Thrailkill, George Brent, William Brent, Robert Brent, John Mon-<br />cure, John Bronaugh, Baily Washington, John James, William Adie,<br />Richard Hewitt, Elias Hoar, John Ralls, Thomas Ludwell Lee, Robert<br />Knox, John Grigg, John Withers, James Withers, John Murray.</p>
<p><em>Resolved, that ten of the committee, with the moderator, be sufficient for<br />transacting business.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that</em> JOHN ALEXANDER <em>and</em> CHARLES CARTER, <em>gentle-<br />men, be chosen to attend the general meeting in Williamsburg, on the first day<br />of August, to transact business for the inhabitants of Stafford county.</em><br />WILLIAM GARRARD, Clerk.</p>
<p>At a meeting of sundry inhabitants and freeholders of the county of<br />Isle of Wight, at the courthouse, in the town of Smithfield, on Satur-<br />day the 23d of July, 1774, the reverend HENRY JOHN BURGESS<br />being unanimously chosen moderator, the following RESOLVES were<br />entered into.</p>
<p>RESOLVED, that we will ever bear true and faithful allegiance to<br />his majesty George the third, king of Great Britain, France, and Ire-<br />land, whom we acknowledge to be true and lawful sovereign of the<br />British empire in North America, and whose sacred person and rights<br />we should think ourselves unworthy of the protection of so good a king<br />were we, by a tame submission to arbitrary power, to surrender our<br />constitutional rights and liberty into the hands of any of our fellow sub-<br />jects; and therefore it is further resolved, that as it is an acknowledged<br />and essential principle of the British constitution that there can be no<br />taxation without representation, and as the inhabitants of the American<br />colonies neither are or can be represented in teh parliament of Great<br />Britain, any attempt of the said parliament to impose a tax on the said<br />colonies is a flagrant violation of the most valuable privileges we claim,<br />as free born subjects of a British king.</p>
<p>Resolved, that a late act of the British parliament for stopping the<br />commerce of the town of Boston, with a professed intention to enforce<br />obedience to another oppressive act of the said parliament, imposing a<br />duty on tea imported into America, is, in our opinion, unconstitutional,<br />tyrannical, and unjust, and threatens destruction to the British constituti-<br />on in America.</p>
<p>Resolved, therefore, that we consider the invasion of the town of<br />Boston by a British fleet and army as an attack on the liberty of all<br />North America, and that we will cordially concur with our American<br />fellow subjects in supporting our brethren in the province of Massachusetts<br />Bay, and alleviating the distress in which their opposition to despotic<br />power has involved them.</p>
<p>Resolved, that we will not use tea, or suffer it to be used, in our re-<br />spective families, as long as it is subject to a duty imposed by a British<br />parliament, for the purpose of raising a revenue from America, and that<br />we will not purchase any East India commodity whatever (drugs and<br />medicines excepted) until the grievances of America be radically redressed.</p>
<p>Resolved, that we will to the utmost of our power, discountenance<br />by our advice and example all kinds of luxury and extravagance, and<br />promote useful manufactures among ourselves.</p>
<p>Resolved, that we will heartily accede to all such further measures for<br />the preservation of American liberty which shall be adopted by the depu-<br />ties of the several counties in Virginia, when convened at Williamsburg,<br />on the first day of the month.</p>
<p>Resolved, that we will have no commercial intercourse (except in the<br />payment of our just debts) with any person or persons who shall not ac-<br />cede to such an association as shall be formed by the deputies of the several<br />counties in this colony on the fist day of next month.</p>
<p>Resolved, that RICHARD HARDY, JOHN SCARSBROOK WILLS,<br />and JOHN DAY, be requested to represent us in the said general congress.</p>
<p>Resolved, that a copy of these resolutions be inserted in the Virginia<br />gazette. FRANCIS YOUNG, Clerk.</p>
<p><em>At a general and full meeting of the inhabitants of the county of Gloucester,<br />at the courthouse of the said county, after due notice, on Thursday the 14th<br />of July, 1774,</em> JAMES HUBARD, <em>esquire, judge of the said county court,<br />being unanimously chosen moderator, they came to the following resolves:</em></p>
<p>RESOLVED, <em>that we will ever maintain and defend his majesty's right<br />and title to the crown of Great Britain, and his dominions in America, to<br />whose royal person we profess the firmest attachement.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that taxation and repre-<br />sentation are inseparable, and that as we are not, and from the nature of<br />things cannot, be represented in British parliament, every attempt of that body<br />to impose internal taxes on American is arbitrary, unconstitutional, and op-<br />pressive.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the act for blocking up the harbor of Boston, and other<br />purposes therein mentioned, is cruel and unjust, and a convincing proof of the<br />fixed intention of parliament to deprive America of her constitutional rights and<br />liberties.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the cause of Boston is the common cause of all America, and<br />that we will firmly unite with the other counties in this colony, and the other<br />colonies on this continent, in every measure that may be thought necessary on<br />this alarming occasion.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that we do most heartily concur with our late representatives in<br />their resolve of the total disuse of tea, and do farther resolve against the use of<br />any East India commodity whatsoever, except saltpetre.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that we will not import, or purchase when imported, any mer-<br />chandize or commodities from Great Britain, and that at a short day, here-<br />after to be fixed, we will stop all exports to Great Britain, until there is a <br />total repeal of the Boston port act, all the several acts imposing taxes in Ame-<br />rica, for the purpose of raising a revenue, and those other acts made particu-<br />larly against our brethren of the Massachusetts Bay, an account of their noble<br />opposition to the late revenue acts.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that should our sister colonies of Maryland and North Carolina<br />determine not to export their tobacco to Great Britain, we will be far from<br />availing ourselves of their patriotic resolution, by continuing to export ours.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that we will submit to any resolutions that may be entered into,<br />either by the deputies of the several counties in this colony at Williamsburg, or<br />by the general congress of the colonies on the continent.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that we will not deal with any person or persons in this county<br />who will not sign this association, and strictly and literally conform to every<br />distinct article thereof, nor with any other person or persons who will not sign,<br />and strictly confirm, to the particular resolves of their representative counties, but<br />will forever despise and detest them, as enemies to American liberty.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that immediately upon the<br />no-exportation plan taking place, neither the gentlemen of the bar, nor any<br />other person, ought to bring any suit for the recovery of any debt, or prosecute<br />farther any suit already brought, during the continuance of these resolutions, it<br />being utterly inconsistent with such scheme for any man to be compelled to pay<br />without the means wherewith he may pay.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that we do most cordially approve of the intended meeting of the<br />late burgesses, on the 1st of August next at Williamsburg, and do depute<br />Thomas Whiting and Lewis Burwell, esquires, our late worthy representa-<br />tives, to consult with the deputies of the several counties of this colony, and<br />to adopt such measures as are agreeable to the foregoing resolutions, hereby<br />engaging, on our parts, to conform thereto, and to support the same to the<br />utmost of our power.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the clerk of this meeting transmit to the printers of both ga-<br />zettes copies of the above resolves, with the request of the county to insert them<br />in their papers.</em> JASPER CLAYTON. <em>Clerk</em></p>
<p>At a general meeting of the freeholders and inhabitants of the county<br />of Caroline, at the courthouse, on Thursday the 14th of July, 1774,<br />assembled for the purpose of deliberating and giving their sentiments upon<br />the present state of affairs in America, and what ought to be done at this<br />most alarming crisis, the following points were agitated and agreed to as<br />the opinion of this county.</p>
<p>THAT the design of our meeting may not be misinterpreted, we think<br />it proper to declare, what would otherwise be unnecessary, that we will<br />preserve all due obedience and fidelity to the royal person and govern-<br />ment of his sacred majesty king George the third, and that we will at<br />all times, when called on for that purpose, maintain and defend, at the<br />expence of our lives and fortunes, his majesty's right and title to the<br />crown of Great Britain, and his dominions in America.</p>
<p>That a firm union and mutual intercourse, and reciprocation of inter-<br />ests and affections, between Great Britain and her colonies, is desirable<br />and beneficial to both, and that whoever shall go about to dissolve that<br />union, by attempting to deprive the colonists of their just rights on the<br />one hand, or to effect their independence on the other, ought ever to<br />be considered as a common enemy to the whole community.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 3</h5>
<div class="column">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>That for Americans to be exempted from every kind of taxation, ex-<br />cept by the content of their own representatives, in their several pro-<br />vincial assemblies, to be heard in their defence when accused of crimes,<br />and tried by their peers, are rights they derive from natural justice, the<br />British constitution (to which they are equally entitled with their fellow<br />subjects in Great Britain) and from constant usage, so long as the true<br />principles of the constitution have been suffered to direct the public coun-<br />sels.</p>
<p>That the British parliament, in their several acts for imposing a duty<br />upon tea, to be paid in America, for blocking up the harbour and stop-<br />ping the commerce of the town of Boston in the Massachusetts Bay, for<br />supposed offences, with which they were charged and condemned unheard,<br />for altering the form of that government established by charter and long<br />usage, and for empowering his majesty to order persons charged with<br />certain offences committed in America to be carried to Great Britain<br />and there tried, have been influenced by evil counsellors to depart from<br />the true principles of the constitution, and to violate the most sacred<br />and important rights of Americans, from which they can never depart.</p>
<p>That those acts, whether intended to operate only in one province, or<br />generally in all, ought to be considered as the common cause, and that a <br />firm and indissoluble union and association of the whole ought to be<br />formed, to oppose their operation, by every just and proper means; to<br />effect which, we think the sending deputies from each province, to<br />meet in a general congress, will be a very proper measure, and we de-<br />sire our delegates may unite with others in the general meeting for this<br />colony in electing such deputies.</p>
<p>That tea being the subject of the tax complained of, and the East<br />India company having acted ungenerously in sending great quantities of<br />it to America to fix the precedent of taxation, though desired to forbear,<br />we most cordially concur with the late representatives of this colony to<br />disuse tea, and not to purchase any East India commodities from hence-<br />forth, until the just rights of America be restored.</p>
<p>That a general association between all American colonies not to<br />import from Great Britain any commodity whatsoever ought to be en_<br />tered into and not dissolved till the just rights of the said colonies are re-<br />stored to them, and the cruel acts of British parliament against the Mas-<br />sachusetts Bay and town of Boston are repealed.</p>
<p>That it is the undoubted privilege and indispensible duty of the repre-<br />sentatives of the people of this colony, when met in general assembly<br />, to deliberate freely upon all invasions of the rights, liberties, or proper-<br />ties, of their constituents, and consider of the proper means of redress,<br />and therefore that the interposition of the executive power here, by<br />mandate from the ministry, to dissolve the assembly, whenever they<br />complain of attempts to destroy those rights, tends to deprive us of all<br />benefit from a legislature, and it is evidence of the fixed intention of the<br />ministry to reduce the colonies to a state of slavery.</p>
<p>That in this distressed situation of our affairs all luxury, dissipation,<br />and extravagance, ought to be banished from among us, and every kind<br />of manufacture, industry, and economy, encouraged.</p>
<p>That the African trade is injurious to this colony, obstructs our popu-<br />lation by freemen, manufactures, and others, who would emigrate from<br />Europe and settle here, and occasions an annual balance of trade against<br />the country; and therefore that the purchase of all imported slaves<br />ought to be associated against.</p>
<p>Though we are happily allowed to proceed to the choice of new repre-<br />sentatives, yet as the return of the writs is made to the 11th of August,<br />and there is reason to doubt the assembly may not be held at that time,<br />we think it highly expedient there should be a meeting at Williamsburg<br />on the 1st of August, as appointed, to consider fully of the several<br />matters herein before mentioned, and appoint EDMUND PENDLETON<br />and JAMES TAYLOR, esquires, deputies, on our parts, to meet such as<br />shall be named for other counties and corporations, at Williamsburg, or<br />such other place as may be agreed on, on the day aforesaid, or any other<br />time, to deliberate freely, and agree to the above resolutions, or any<br />other that may be judged more expedient for the general purpose intended.<br />WILLIAM NELSON, Clerk.</p>
<p>At a meeting of the loyal and patriotic people of the county of Hen-<br />rico, at their courthouse, on the 15th of July, the following ADDRESS<br />to their late worthy representatives was agreed on and signed by a great<br />number of freeholders.</p>
<p>To RICHARD ADAMS and SAMUEL DU VAL, esquires.</p>
<p>We the subscribers, freeholders of the county of Henrico, assembled<br />for the purpose of deliberating on the present posture of public affairs,<br />return you our thanks for the part you acted in the late assembly as our<br />burgesses.</p>
<p>When we reflect on the alarming and critical situation of things re-<br />specting the mother country our minds are filled with the most anxious<br />concern. The acts of the British parliament, made for punishing the<br />inhabitants of Massachusetts Bay, are repugnant to the first principles<br />of justice, and if they are suffered to have a full operation, will not only<br />crush our sister colony, and involve the guilty and innocent in one com-<br />mon ruin, but will stand as a fatal precedent to future times for adopting<br />the same fatal measures towards this and every other British colony.<br />We therefore have passed this determination, and shall conduct ourselves<br />conformably, that the cause of the colony of Massachusetts Bay in gene-<br />ral, and of the town of Boston in particular, is the cause of this and<br />ever other colony in North America.</p>
<p>We hope, gentlemen, that the exceeding great importance of the<br />present crisis will plead our excuse for giving you our sentiments touching<br />that conduct which we wish you to observe in the ensuing congress on the<br />1st day of August next, at Williamsburg, to which we depute you to act<br />on our behalf.</p>
<p>With grief and astonishment we behold Great Britain adopting a mode<br />of government towards her colonies totally incompatible with our safety<br />and happiness; we cannot submit to be taxed by her parliament; we<br />cannot sit still and see the harbour of Boston blocked up by an armed<br />force; we cannot behold without indignation the charter rights of a sister<br />colony violated, or the form of its government changed by an act of par-<br />liament, as derogatory to the honour of the mother country as it is re-<br />pugnant to justice; and lastly, we will not suffer our fellow subjects to<br />be seized and transported beyond sea to be tries for supposed offences<br />committed here. If these things are suffered to be reduced to practice we<br />shall account ourselves the most miserable of men, unworthy of the name<br />of freemen; we shall not wonder if in future we are treated as slaves.</p>
<p>We therefore most solemnly charge and conjure you to use your best<br />endeavours to save us from these calamities. We earnestly entreat you<br />for your utmost exertion to procure, by all possible ways and means, a <br />total repal of the late oppressive and detestable acts of parliament. We<br />trust you will heartily concur in such measures as the said congress shall<br />judge most efficacious, to preserve our ancient rights; for be assured, gen-<br />tlemen, that nothing shall ever induce form us a submission to tyranny,<br />and that we resolve, once for all, to live and die freemen.</p>
<p>In order to effect those desirable ends, we give it as our opinion that<br />the most effectual method of opposing the said several acts of parliament<br />will be, that a general association between all the American colonies<br />ought immediately ot e entered into, not to import from Great Britain<br />any commodity whatsoever, except such articles as the general congress<br />shall judge necessary, until the just rights of the colonies are restored to<br />them, and the cruel acts of the British parliament against the colony of<br />Massachusetts Bay and town of Boston are repealed.</p>
<p>A love of justice, and the tender regard we have for our friends the<br />merchants and manufacturers of Great Britain, to whom we are indebted,<br />and who must of course suffer in the common cause prevents our re-<br />commending the stopping our exports at this time; but at a future day<br />we will heartily concur with the other counties of this colony to stop all<br />exports, as well as imports, to and from Great Britain, unless what we<br />have already recommended to you shall be found effectual.</p>
<p>We most cordially recommend that no time be lost in administering<br />every comfort and aid to our distressed brethren of Boston that their un-<br />happy state may require, and may comport with our situation to afford.</p>
<p>We further recommend to you that you will, in conjunction with the<br />deputies from the different counties of this colony, chuse fit and proper<br />persons, on the part of this colony, to meet the deputies from the other<br />colonies in a general congress, at such convenient time and place as shall<br />be agreed on, then and there to advise and consult upon such measures,<br />as, under the circumstances of things at that time, they shall deem ex-<br />pedient.</p>
<p>We strictly charge and enjoin, that at all times, and on all occasions,<br />which may present, you testify our zeal for his majesty's person and go-<br />vernment, and that we are ready and willing, with or lives and fortunes,<br />to support his right to the crown of Great Britain, and all its depend-<br />encies.</p>
<p>At a meeting of the freeholders and other inhabitants of the county<br />of Elizabeth City, and town of Hampton, assembled at the courthouse<br />the 25th day of July, 1774, to consider of instructions to our late mem-<br />bers, or to those persons who shall be chosen our representatives at the<br />ensuing election, HENRY KING, esquire, being chosen moderator, and<br />M> ROBERT BRIGHT, clerk, the following RESOLVES were agreed<br />to.</p>
<p>RESOLVED, that the people of this county and town are strongly<br />attached from principle and education to his present majesty king George</p>
</div>
<div class="column">
<div class="column">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>the third and his family, and that they will, with their lives and for-<br />tunes, stand by and defend his sacred person, crown, and dignity.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the representatives of this county have, and ever ought<br />to have, the sole right of taxing the inhabitants of this colony, and that<br />the assuming of such a power, by the present or any other parliament of<br />Great Britain, should ever be considered as a strong proof of that despotic,<br />tyranny which so strongly marks the present administration, and which<br />dictated those late cruel and oppressive acts depriving the good people of<br />the Massachusetts Bay of their dearest and most invaluable rights.</p>
<p>Resolved, that our late patriotic members, or such persons as may be<br />chosen our representatives at the ensuring election, be requested to attend<br />the general meeting at Williamsburg the first of August next, and that<br />they be directed to concur with the deputies from the other counties in<br />the most spirited measures that may be adopted upon this occasion, so<br />truly alarming and interesting to the colonies.</p>
<p>Resolved, that if a non-importation and exportation agreement should<br />be thought necessary, that our members be directed to agree thereto.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the sense of this meeting, that a non-importation<br />and exportation agreement is necessary.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that any merchant<br />or dealer, who advances the price of his goods upon a non-importation<br />agreement, ought to be deemed an enemy to his country; and we do<br />most solemnly promise to consider him as such, and to withold all com-<br />mercial intercourse with him.</p>
<p>Resolved, that this meeting highly approve of the glowing zeal of the<br />sister colonies upon this trying occasion, and heartily sympathize with<br />their persecuted brethren and fellow subjects, the people of Boston.</p>
<p>Resolved, that a subscription for the relief of the unhappy poor of<br />Boston ought to be encouraged by all charitable and humane people, and<br />that the moderator be directed to solicit contributions for that purpose.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that our said mem-<br />bers concur with the members of the other counties, on the first day of<br />August next, in the choice of proper persons to represent the colony of<br />Virginia at a general congress.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the clerk of this meeting do transmit a copy of these<br />proceedings to the printers, to be published in their gazettes.<br />ROBERT BRIGHT, Clerk.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, July 28.<br />it is with much pleasure we learn that the county of Surry, from the<br />highest to the lowest, are actuated with the warmest affection towards<br />the suffering town of Boston. We are told, that immediately after the<br />breaking up of the meeting of the freeholders and others, to consult up-<br />on the most proper measures to be taken, upwards of 150 barrels of In-<br />dian corn and wheat were subscribed, and that 12 or 13 subscription<br />papers are now out for that purpose. Upon a moderate computation,<br />our correspondent informs us, eleven or twelve hunderd barrels of differ-<br />ent commodities will be produced by this county for the benefit of those<br />firm and intrepid sons of liberty, the Bostonians. It would be needless<br />to recognize the particular generosity of each county in this colony, as <br />the public must be very well acquainted, from the many resolves which<br />have been published, that all Virginia are unanimous in their endeavours<br />to contribute whatever relief or assistance may be in their power.</p>
<p>Many different resolves are received, which we would cheerfully insert<br />in this week's paper; but for want of room we are obliged to omit them.<br />They are similar to those already published.</p>
<p>A snow with convicts, just arrived in York river, had her mainmast<br />struck by lightning a few days ago, while in Chesapeake Bay, and was<br />otherwise injured; many of the people were much stunned, but no lives<br />lost. The following little account is somewhat remarkable: When this<br />vessel was at sea, the captain one morning discovered an uncommon bird<br />on the bowsprit, which was particularly beautiful; and having a desire<br />to possess it, to view its formation, he called for his gun and shot it.<br />The bird fluttered for some time, and at last fell into the water, some<br />distance from the vessel. The captain's curiosity still heightened,<br />he offered the convicts, that which ever of them would procure for him<br />the bird, should immediately receive his freedom. Several of them un-<br />dertook it with alacrity, and, after stripping themselves, plunged into<br />the sea. But, alas! he who was the ablest competitor in this spumy<br />element, just as he stretched forth one arm, in order to seize the <em>little<br />urchin,</em>, his other fell a sacrifice to the jaws of an angry shark. The <br />man's fortitude, however, was still so great, that he kept the prize<br />within his grasp till he got to the vessel, when, after being hauled up, he<br />delivered to the captain his <em>favourite,</em> and instantly expired.</p>
<p>The Triumph, captain Rogers, arrived in James river near 3 weeks<br />ago, from Leghorn, addressed to Mr. MAZZEI: By this vessel, we<br />understand, Mr. Mazzei has received sundry seeds vine cuttings, plants,<br />&c. together with several Italian emigrants, consisting of husbandmen<br />and mechanics; and by her we also learn, that the presents of birds,<br />seeds, and plants, sent by Mr. Mazzei to the grand duke of Tuscany,<br />were graciously received and that his highness was pleased to order his<br />thanks to be given Mr. Mazzei for his attention and kindness, and to<br />assure him of his royal favour and protection, on all occasions, that may<br />contribute to his advantage and success.</p>
<p>A correspondent writes: "On the 26th of this instant came on the<br />election of burgesses for the county of King William, when colonel<br />CARTER BRAXTON and colonel WILLIAM AYLETT,<br />with almost an equal number of votes, were elected by a great majority.<br />The people, to shew their approbation of the conduct of their late repre-<br />sentatives (one of whom declined serving again) provided a general enter-<br />tainment for the candidates, not permitting them to be at any expence;<br />an example truly worthy of imitation."</p>
<p>Number 11,735 is entitled to the prize of SIX THOUSAND<br />DOLLARS in the Delaware lottery.</p>
<p>FRIDAY, JULY 29.<br />By the northern post, arrived this afternoon, we have the following</p>
<p>ADVICES.</p>
<p>At a numerous meeting of the inhabitants of the city of New York,<br />convened in the fields, by public advertisement, on Wednesday the 6th<br />of July, 1774, Mr. ALEXANDER M<sup>c</sup>DOUGALL, chairman,</p>
<p>The business of the meeting being fully explained by the chairman,<br />and the dangerous tendency of the numerous and vile arts used by the<br />enemies of America to divide and distract her councils, as well as the <br />misrepresentations of the virtuous intentions of the citizens of this me-<br />tropolis, in this interesting and alarming state of the liberties of America,<br />the following resolutins were twice read, and the question being sepa-<br />rately put on each of them, they were passed without one dissentient.</p>
<p>Resolved nem.con. that the stature commonly called the Boston<br />port act is oppressive to the inhabitants of that town, unconstitutional<br />in its principles, and dangerous to the liberties of America, and that<br />therefore we consider our brethren at Boston as now suffering in the com-<br />mon cause of these colonies.</p>
<p>Resolved, nem. con.that any attack or attempt to abridge the liberties,<br />or invade the constitution of any of our sister colonies, is mediately an<br />attack upon the liberties and constitution of all the British colonies.</p>
<p>Resolved, nem. con. that the shutting up of any of the ports in Ame-<br />rica, with intent to exact from the Americans a submission to parliament-<br />ary taxations, or extort a reparation of private injuries, is highly uncon-<br />stitutional, and subversive of the commercial rights of the inhabitants on<br />this continent.</p>
<p>Resolved, nem.con. that it is the opinion of this meeting, that if<br />the principal colonies on this continent shall come into a joint resolution<br />to stop all importation from and exportation to Great Britain till the act<br />of parliament for blocking up the harbour of Boston be repealed, the<br />same will prove the salvation of North America and her liberties, and<br />that, on the other hand, if they continue their exports and imports,<br />there is great reason to fear that fraud, power, and the most odious op-<br />pression, will rise triumphant over right, justice, social happiness, and<br />freedom. Therefore,</p>
<p>Resolved, nem. con. that the departures who shall represent this colony<br />in congress of American deputies, to be held at Philadelphia, about the<br />first of September next, are hereby instructed, empowered, and directed,<br />to engage with a majority of the principal colonies, to agree for this<br />city, upon a non-importation from Great Britain, of all goods, wares,<br />and merchandise, until the act for blocking up the harbour of<br />Boston be repealed, and American grievances redressed; and also to agree<br />to all such other measures as the congress shall in their wisdom judge ad-<br />vancive of these great objects, and a general security of the rights and <br />privileges of America.</p>
<p>Resolved, nem. con. that this meeting will abide by, obey, and ob-<br />serve all such resolutions, determinations, and measures, which the con-<br />gress aforesaid shall come into and direct or recommend to be done for<br />obtaining and securing the important ends mentioned in th foregoing<br />resolutions; and that an engagement to this effect be immediately entered<br />into and sent to the congress, to evince them our readiness and determi-<br />nation to co-operate with or sister colonies for the relief of our distressed<br />brethren at Boston, as well as for the security of our common rights and<br />privileges.</p>
<p>Resolved, nem. con. that it is the opinion of this meeting that it<br />would be proper for every county, without delay, to send<br />two deputies, chosen by the people, or from the committees chosen by<br />them in each county to hold, in conjunction with deputies for this<br />city and county, a convention for the colony, on a day to be appointed,<br />in order to elect a proper number of deputies to represent the colony in</p>
</div>
<div class=""column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>the general congress; but that if the counties shall conceive this mode<br />impracticable, or inexpedient, they be requested to give their approbati-<br />on to the deputies who shall be chosen for this city and county to repre-<br />sent the colony in congress.</p>
<p>Resolved, nem. con. that a subscription should immediately be set on<br />foot for the relief of such poor inhabitants of Boston as are or may be de-<br />prived of the means of subsistence by the operation of the act of parliament<br />for stopping up the port of Boston; the money which shall arise from<br />such subscription to be laid out as the city committee of correspondence<br />shall think will best answer the end proposed.</p>
<p>Resolved, nem. con. that the city committee of correspondence be<br />and they are hereby instructed to use their utmost endeavours to carry<br />these resolutions into execution.</p>
<p>Ordered, that these resolutions be printed in the public newspapers of<br />this city, and transmitted to the different counties in this colony, and<br />to the committees of correspondence for the neighboring colonies.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from a gentleman in</em> Boston, <em>dated</em> July 4.</p>
<p>”I arrived at this devoted town a few days ago. Every thing here<br />has a most melancholy appearance, except the countenances of the wor-<br />thy inhabitants, which are as calm and serene as if they were in the<br />hight of their trade, though they are really distressed more than you can<br />easily imagine; every method has been used for that purpose by those<br />engines of tyranny who have done almost every thing in their power,<br />short of open hostilities, to intimidate and frighten them into compliance.<br />Their conduct upon this occasion is worthy of themselves; their patience,<br />resolution, and firmness, under the present oppression, and the many in-<br />sults they daily meet with from different quarters, is truly astonishing to<br />their friends and confounding to their enemies. Governor Gage’s pro-<br />clamation had an effect quite contrary to the design of it; many, who<br />did not before, now intend to sign it; so that almost every measure taken<br />by arbitrary power, to subject the people here to slavery, has an effect<br />directly opposite to the intention of the contrivers. A report prevails in<br />town that as soon as the soldiers are landed, six or seven of the leading<br />men are to be taken up and put on board the man of war to be sent home,<br />or executed here, and that the governor intends to erect his standard,<br />and order the inhabitants to bring in their arms. Whether the report is<br />true or not I do not know, but some of the principle people here firmly<br />believe it, and all the maneuvers for days past seem to indicate such<br />an intention. For my part, I think it only intended to intimidate; but<br />if so, it will certainly be lost labour. The train of artillery landed yester-<br />day and encamped on the common, with the other two regiments that<br />were there before. The 5th and 38th arrived last week, and are to be<br />landed tomorrow. Admiral Graves, in the Preston, of 50 guns, arrived<br />on Friday, and next Wednesday admiral Montague sails for England;<br />perhaps this is the ship intended to carry home the state prisoners. God<br />forbid that any such attempt should be made, as the consequences would<br />certainly be very terrible. Mr. Hancock, who has been dangerously ill,<br />is much better, and it is hoped will soon be able to go abroad. The<br />report of his being broke was an infamous falsehood; I am informed by<br />good authority that his estate is worth 50 or 60,000l. sterling. The <br />BRAVE BOSTONIANS have not the least notion of giving up the<br />cause, nor could any thing drive them to think of it, unless they should<br />be deserted by the other colonies, of which neither they nor I have any<br />apprehensions.”</p>
<p>BOSTON, <em>July</em> 11. We hear that the acts for the partial administration<br />of justice in the province of Massachusetts Bay, and for the better regu-<br />lating the government of the said province, are to take place the first<br />day of August.</p>
<p>NEW YORK, <em>July</em> 11. Captain Bethune sailed from Charlestown in<br />company with a sloop for Salem, loaded with rice for the use of the poor<br />unhappy sufferers at Boston, which was subscribed for them by a few<br />gentlemen in one evening.</p>
<p>A paragraph under the Newport head, dated July 4, says: Our readers<br />may be assured that a popish priest is now supported at Nova Scotia by the<br />administration of Great Britain.</p>
<p>PHILADELPHIA, <em>July</em> 13. Captain Barber left Lisbon the 30th of<br />May, and informs that an account of the death of the French king was<br />received there by land, which had been denounced at the court of Lisbon<br />by the French ambassador. He also informs that it was reported in<br />Lisbon that the king of Prussia was dead.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />A TRACT of LAND in <em>Spotsylvania</em> county, 6 miles above <em>Fred-<br />ricksburg,</em> containing about 700 acres, with a dwelling house, &c.<br />the property of the late Doctor <em>Sutherland.</em> This LAND will be sold<br />altogether, or in lots; and the terms may be known by applying to the<br />subscriber, in <em>Fredericksburg.</em><br />1 WILLIAM SUTHERLAND.</p>
<p>The ship TRIUMPH will certainly sail for London in six weeks,<br />agreeable to charter, and will take in tobacco, on liberty of con-<br />signment, at 8l. sterling per ton. Any person inclinable to ship tobacco<br />in her will be pleased to send their order to Mr. <em>James Donald</em> at <em>Man-<br />chester,</em> to Mr. <em>Charles Duncan</em> at <em>Blandford,</em> to captain <em>Rogers</em> at <em>Ber-<br />muda Hundred,</em> or to the subscriber at <em>Curle’s,</em> who will be extremely<br />obliged by the assistance of his friends.<br />3 PHILIP MAZZEI.</p>
<p>YORK TOWN, <em>July 27,</em> 1774.<br />MY mulatto fellow CORNELIUS ran away from this town about<br />five weeks ago; he was apprehended at <em>Fredericksburg,</em> brought<br />here and imprisoned, and last night broke goal. While he continued at<br /><em>Fredericksburg</em> unmolested, he passed as a free man. His wife, a mulatto,<br />was in company with him; both were considered as free people, and<br />hired in the harvest by some planters. Their scheme was to get money,<br />and to proceed back upon the frontiers of <em>Virginia.</em> Whoever apprehends<br />the mulatto fellow in this colony, and delivers him to me, will be en-<br />titled to a reward of FIVE POUNDS, or if secured in any of the county<br />gaols, and immediate notice given to me, THREE POUNDS;<br />if taken in <em>Carolina, Maryland,</em> or any other colony, and delivered to<br />me, EIGHT POUNDS, and if taken in another colony, and secured<br />in any of the county gaols here, SIX POUNDS.<br />3 JOHN H> NORTON.<br />**The fellow is middle sized; he carried with him a Russia drill<br />postilion coat and waistcoat, and an old blue livery cloth suit.</p>
<p>RUN away on the 10th instant <em>July</em> from the subscriber, living<br />at <em>Aquia,</em> in <em>Stafford,</em> a convict servant man named ROBERT<br />RIVERS, about 5 feet 4 or 5 inches high, has black hair, and a swarthy<br />complexion; had on a felt hat almost new, a brown <em>Newmarket</em> coat and<br />waistcoat, check shirt, brown linen trousers, cotton breeches, and old<br />shoes. He is by trade a shoemaker. Whoever takes up the said servant,<br />and secures him so that I get him again, shall have TEN DOLLARS<br />reward, and reasonable charges allowed.<br />JAMES HOLLOWAY.</p>
<p>COMMITTED to the goal of <em>Prince George</em> a negro man who says<br />he belongs to one <em>Gibson</em> in <em>Suffolk,</em> and was sent up the river to<br />be sold, at which time he run away. He appears to be about 35 years<br />of age, is well made, and has on an oznabrig shirt and trowsers; he is<br />about 5 feet 10 inches high. Whoever owns the said negro is desired to<br />apply for him, and take him away, after proving his property, and pay-<br />ing charges. () HENRY BATTE.</p>
<p>COMMITTED to <em>Dinwiddie</em> goal, two negro men, who cannot, or<br />will not, tell their masters names. They have on oznabrig shirts,<br />sailors jackets, and cotton breeches; one has a short petticoat over his<br />breeches, the other calls himself JEMMY, is very black, ad much<br />pitted with the smallpox. The owners are desired to apply for them.<br />() MATTHEW MAYES.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, in <em>Orange,</em> a convict man named<br />HENRY HURST, about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, of a fair<br />complexion, and a little pitted with the smallpox, has black hair, grey<br />eyes, and stammers much when frightened; had on a check shirt, with<br />a brown one over it, a white dimity waistcoat, and oznabrig trowsers.<br />I will give FORTY SHILLINGS, besides what the law allows, to<br />whoever will secure him in any goal, so that I may get him; and if<br />brought home, will allow all reasonable charges. All masters of vessels<br />are forewarned from carrying him out of the colony.<br />(1) THOMAS ROBINS.</p>
<p>STRAYED from the subscriber the 12th of May last a yellowish bay<br />mare, with a blaze face, near 11 hands high, and had a sore on her off<br />side. As she was bred in <em>Prince Edward</em> county, she will probably en-<br />deavour to return there. Whoever brings the said mare to me, in <em>Rich-<br />mond</em> town, shall be well rewarded. 2 JAMES BUCHANAN.</p>
<p>TO BE RENTED,<br /><em>From year to year, or for a term of years, and entered upon the first day of</em><br />September<em> next,</em><br />A CONVENIENT TENMENT in the town of <em>Petersburg,</em><br />at present in the possession of Mr. <em>Andrew Johnson,</em> whereon is a <br />commodious storehouse, with a large counting room, and lodging rooms<br />under the same roof, lumber houses of different sizes and for different<br />purposes, stables, chairhouse, and a garden well paled in. Any useful<br />repairs may be made by the tenant, and the expense deducted out of the <br />rent. The terms, which are extremely low, may be known by applying<br />to 3 ROLLING STARK.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>KING WILLIAM, <em>July</em>10, 1774.<br />THE SALE of the deceased colonel <em>James Quarles’s</em> NEGROES<br />that were advertised to be at <em>Aylett’s</em> warehouse on the 13th instant,<br />is, by consent of parties, deferred until the 10th of <em>August</em> next, at<br />which time they will most certainly be sold agreeable to the former ad-<br />vertisement. 3 GOODRICH CRUMP.</p>
<p>JAMES CRAIG,<br />AT THE GOLDEN BALL,<br />WILLIAMSBURG,<br />BEGS leave to inform the public that he has just got an eminent<br />hand in the WATCH AND CLOCK MAKING BUSINESS,<br />who served a regular apprenticeship to the same in <em>Great Britain,</em> and<br />will be obliged to those who favour him with their commands. He<br />makes and repairs REPEATING, HORIZONTAL, and STOP<br />WATCHES, in the neatest and best manner. JEWELLERY,<br />GOLD, and SILVERWORK, as usual, made at the above<br />shop, for READY MONEY only.</p>
<em>To be</em> SOLD, at Hanover <em>courthouse, on</em> Thursday <em>the 4th of </em> August<br /><em>next, being court day,</em><br />FIFTEEN likely <em>Virginia</em> born SLAVES, belonging to the estate<br />of doctor <em>John Walker,</em> deceased. Credit will be given till the 25th<br />of <em>December</em> next, the purchasers giving bond, with approved security, to<br />THOMAS SIMPSON, Administrator.<br />**Those concerned are desired to take notice that I have fully em-<br />powered Mr. <em>George Lumsden</em> to transact the business of the above estate.<br />The distressed situation of the estate puts it out of my power to grant<br />any indulgence to its debtors; and as I intend to close my administration<br />as soon as possible, I therefore request the favour of those who have any<br />claims against the said estate to bring them in, either to Mr. <em>Lumsden,</em> or<br />myself, properly attended, at farthest, by the 1<em>st</em> of <em>October</em> next.<br />3 T.S.
<p>GREEN SPRING, <em>July</em> 13, 1774.<br />I HEREBY forewarn all persons not to purchase FRUIT or VEGE-<br />TABLES, or any thing else, from any of the negroes belonging to<br />the estate of Mr. <em>William Lee,</em> without a note from me, or any of the<br />overseers who act for the said estate. GRIFFIN FAUNTLEROY.</p>
<p>RAN from the plantation of the subscriber, near the <em>Great Falls</em> of<br /><em>Potowmack,</em> on the <em>Maryland</em> side, in <em>Frederick</em> county, about the<br />27 of <em>June,</em> a very likely mulatto slave named ELLIAS, near 5 feet<br />10 inches high, and about 20 years old; had on, when he went away,<br />a brown broadcloth coat, a light coloured broadcloth jacket, oznabrig<br />shirt, short breeches of the same, a new felt hat, and shoes and stockings.<br />His head, from the crown to the forehead, is remarkably long, and<br />is much scarred about the mould, proceeding from his having had a scald<br />head when he was a boy. He has also a scratch on his upper lip, which<br />may be perceived by taking a near view of it. Whoever delivers him to <br />me shall receive a reward of THIRTY SHILLINGS, if taken 20 miles<br />from home, and in proportion to that distance.<br />3 THOMAS OFFUTT.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Charlotte,</em> a well made black horse, about 4 feet 6<br />inches high, about 16 or 17 years old, branded on the near buttock<br />W, and has on a bell of 3s. value. Posted, and appraised to 3l. 10s.<br />* PETER RAWLINS.</p>
<p>PORTSMOUTH, <em>July</em> 5, 1774.<br />A PURSE of 100 guineas to be run for by any horse, mare, or<br />gelding, over the two mile course at this place, the best two heats<br />in three, on <em>Tuesday</em> the 20th of <em>September,</em> carrying weight for age,<br />agreeable to the articles of the said, purse, which are to be seen in the<br />hands of Mr. <em>Richard Nestor,</em> merchant there, with whom all horses<br />starting for the said purse are to be entered, the day before the race at<br />farthest. The money to be paid to the winner immediately after the<br />race. It is also proposed to have two more races, one on the <em>Wednesday</em> <br />following, for 50l. the other on <em>Thursday,</em> for 30l. which will be adver-<br />tised particularly, as soon as the subscriptions are full.</p>
<p>TO BE SOLD,<br />THE noted and well accustomed TAVERN, at present occupied by<br />the subscriber, lying in <em>James City</em> county, about 15 miles from<br /><em>Williamsburg,</em> on the main road leading to <em>New Kent</em> courthouse and<br /><em>Ruffn’s</em> ferry, with 500 acres of LAND in good order for cropping, and<br />6 fields under good fence. The terms of payment will be made easy by<br />the subscriber. THOMAS DONCASTLE.</p>
<p>RUN away, from Neabico furnace, the 16th of<br />March, a light coloured mulatto man named<br />BILLY, or WILL, the property of the honourable<br />John Tayloe, esquire. When I tell the public that he<br />is the same boy who for many ears used to wait on me,<br />in my travels through this and the neighboring pro-<br />vince, and by his pertness, or rather imprudence, was <br />well known to all my acquaintances, there is the less<br />occasion for a particular description of him. However,<br />as he is now grown to the size of a man, and has not at-<br />tended me in some time past, I think it not amiss to say<br />that he is a very likely young fellow, about 20 years<br />old, 5 feet 9 inches high, stout and strong made, has a<br />remarkable swing in his walk, but is much more so by a<br />surprizing knack he has of gaining the good graces of<br />almost every body who will listen to his bewitching and<br />deceitful tongue, which seldom or ever speaks the truth.<br />He has a small scar on the right side of his forehead, and<br />the little finger of his right hand is quite straight by a <br />hurt he got when a child. Had on, when he went away,<br />a blue fearnought jacket, and an under one of green<br />baize, cotton breeches, oznabrig shirt, mixed blue sale<br />stockings, country made shoes, and yellow buckles.<br />From his ingenuity, he is capable of doing almost any<br />sort of business, and for some years past, has been chiefly<br />employed as a founder, a stone mason, and a miller, as<br />occasion required; one of which trades, I imagine, he<br />will, in the character of a free man, profess. I have<br />some reason to suspect his travelling towards James river,<br />under the pretence of being sent by me on business.<br />Whoever apprehends the said fellow, and brings him to<br />me, or to his master, the honourable John Tayloe, at<br />Mountairy, or secure him so as to be had again, shall<br />have treble what the law allows, and all reasonable<br />charges paid. tf<br />THOMAS LAWSON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land, lying<br />on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa, with<br />three plantations thereon, two of which has sufficient<br />houses for overseers and negroes; the other is improved<br />with all necessary buildings, and orchards of all kinds,<br />fit for the reception of a gentleman, the houses being<br />finished in the best manner. This tract is well timbered<br />and watered, lies within 32 miles of Fredericksburg, and<br />43 of Page’s warehouse; there are at least 400 acres of<br />low grounds, of the best soil, 300 of which are now to<br />cut. The three plantations are under good fences, and<br />in good order to work 12 or 15 hands. Robert Flem-<br />ing, John Massey, and John Lain, are now in possession<br />of the plantations, who will shew the land to any person<br />inclinable to purchase, and Major Thomas Johnson will<br />agree with them for the price. The above tract is esteem-<br />ed the most valuable in Louisa for growing corn, wheat,<br />or tobacco, and situated in the best range for stock of any<br />below the great mountains. (tf 1*)</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich<br />TOBACCO LAND in Amherst county, whereon<br />are several plantations and improvement sufficient to<br />work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale<br />a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately built, with a <br />stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILL-<br />STONES, which mill has for two years past got up-<br />wards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a <br />never failing stream. The land will be shewn by William<br />Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the <br />prices of the land made known by him. One or two<br />years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the<br />second year, and also for the first, if the money is not<br />paid agreeable to contract. The land is to be laid off<br />and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence<br />of the purchaser. Deeds will be made, upon bond and<br />approved security being given, either to Call, William<br />Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent. discount will be<br />allowed for ready money, or good merchants notes. If<br />any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower<br />part of the country, on or near some navigable river,<br />that are good, it is more than probable we should agree.<br />CARTER BRAXTON.</p>
<p>KING HEROD<br />STANDS at Rosegill, and will cover mares at FOUR<br />POUNDS the season. Those who send mares must<br />send the money, otherwise they shall not be left. The<br />valuable qualities, and the pedigree, of this horse are<br />sufficiently notorious. RALPH WORMELEY, junior.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, at public auction, at Westmoreland court-<br />house, on Tuesday the 27th day of September, being<br />Westmoreland court day,<br />TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born SLAVES.<br />Credit will be allowed until the 10th of November<br />following, on giving bond and good security. The <br />bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually<br />discharged. tdf RICHARD PARKER.</p>
<p>YORK town, June 9, 1773.<br />The subscribers being very solicitous to comply with<br />the will of their testator, the late Honourable<br />William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted<br />to him will endeavour to make as speedy payments as<br />possible. Those who have accounts open on his books,<br />and who cannot immediately discharge the balances,<br />are desired to give their bonds. This request is the<br />more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by<br />the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has<br />directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed<br />out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it<br />can be done. Those who have any demands are desired<br />to make them immediately known.<br />THOMAS NELSON, HUGH NELSON,<br />THOMAS NELSON, jun. RO. C. NICHOLAS.</p>
<p>WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second-<br />hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight<br />each. Any person having such for sale are desired to<br />make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk.<br />t.f. BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>TO BE SOLD,<br />A TRACT of LAND in Berkley and Frederick<br />counties, containing 12,076 acres; it lies 7 miles<br />on each side of Shenando river, the quantity on the east<br />side, being only a slip of low ground, is inconsiderable;<br />the quality of the land is remarkably good, and the con-<br />veniences attending it great. There are two plentiful<br />streams of water running through marshes three miles in<br />length, some of which are already reclaimed meadows,<br />and the rest, at a very small expence, might soon be re-<br />duced to the like state. On each side of the streams mills<br />might be erected and furnaces, the land affording stone,<br />lime, iron, and lead ore. On one of the streams I have<br />already erected a complete merchant mill, with a pair of<br />the best French burrs for grinding of wheat, and a pair<br />of common stones for grinding of Indian corn; besides<br />this, there is near the dwelling house a tub mill, and on<br />the other stream there is a valuable saw mill. There<br />are five settled and improved plantations; on one of <br />them is a good house, 2 stories high, with 2 rooms<br />on a floor, a kitchen, dairy, and all other convenient out<br />houses; on another plantation, where Michael Pike lived,<br />there is a good stone house; and at the other plantations<br />there are overseers houses, negro quarters, barns, stables,<br />tobacco houses, &c. The above tract shall be either par-<br />titioned off in lots of 1000 or 500 acres, or sold bodily to<br />one purchaser. Belonging to this estate there are 112<br />negroes to be disposed of, together with all the stocks of<br />cattle, equal to any in the colony, horses, mares, colts,<br />hogs, &c. likewise all the necessary implements for the<br />planter or farmer. Any person or persons inclinable to<br />purchase are desired to make their proposals to me at<br />Rosegill, on Rappahannock river, or to leave them with<br />the overseer, who lives at the house plantation, and will<br />shew the land. In November I shall be on the premises,<br />and may then be personally treated with. Part of this<br />land, and some of the negroes, belong to my eldest son,<br />who leaves to me the disposition thereof, and will confirm<br />any engagement I enter into on his part.<br />6 RALPH WORMELEY.</p>
<p>TO BE RENTED,<br />FROM YEAR TO YEAR, OR FOR A TERM OF YEARS,<br />BELVOIR,<br />THE beautiful seat of the honourable George William<br />Fairfax, esquire, lying upon the Potowmack river, in<br />Fairfax county, about 14 miles below Alexandria. The <br />mansion house is of brick, two story high, with four con-<br />venient rooms and a large passage upon the lower floor,<br />five rooms and a large passage on the second, and a servants<br />hall and cellars below; convenient offices, stables, and<br />coach house, adjoining, as also a large and well furnish-<br />ed garden, stored with great variety of valuable fruits, in<br />good order. Appertaining to the tract on which these<br />improvements are, and which contains near 2000 acres<br />(surrounded, in a manner, by navigable water) are se-<br />veral valuable fisheries, and a good deal of cleared land<br />in different parts, which may be let altogether, or sepa-<br />rately, as shall be found most convenient. The terms<br />may be known of Colonel Washington, who lives near<br />the premises, or of me, in Berkeley county,<br />tf FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>To be Sold, pursuant to an act of assembly, on Mon-<br />day the 1st of August next, being Prince William<br />court day,<br />THE glebe lands of Dettingen parish, in the said<br />county, adjoining the lands of the present incum-<br />bent the reverend James Scott, situate on Quantico Run,<br />about 9 miles from Dumfries, and containing about 400<br />acres. The soil is good for wheat or tobacco, and there<br />may be got a considerable quantity on the same.<br />3 HENRY LEE, churchwardens.<br />LEWIS RENO,</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />FIVE hundred acres of land, lying on Deep Creek, in<br />Louisa, about 45 miles of Richmond town, and is<br />exceeding good land, well watered by Deep Creek, and<br />a large branch thereof, which runs through the middle<br />of the land, and affords a large quantity of rich meadow<br />ground. Any person inclinable to purchase may see the<br />land, and know the terms, by applying to the subscriber,<br />living near it. tf 1* GEORGE MERIWETHER.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.<br />NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels<br />will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000<br />tons of stone from Mr. Brooke’s quarry, on Rappahan-<br />nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light-<br />house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work<br />are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Loyall,<br />and Thomas Newton, junior esquires. The directors<br />of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or<br />two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burthen.<br />tf BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p><em>For</em> SALE,<br />A TRACT of land, on Charles river, York county,<br />containing about 600 acres, part of which is marsh,<br />that may be drained with very little expence. The situ-<br />ation of this place is very convenient for a family, as it<br />lies upon a river that abounds with oysters and fine fish,<br />particularly sheepsheads; it is within 200 years of a mill,<br />and 2 miles of the church. My reason for selling it is,<br />my having bought a tract of land more convenient to me.<br />Whoever inclines to purchase may know the terms by<br />applying to the subscriber, in York town.<br />THOMAS NELSON, junior.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />And to be entered upon at Christmas next,<br />A VERY valuable tract of LAND in King William<br />county, on Pamunkey river, adjoining the land of<br />the late Mr. John Smith, of Hanover county, deceased,<br />containing 800 acres, more or less, the soil is very rich,<br />and exceedingly well adapted for wheat, corn, or tobacco,<br />particularly the first and second, being low grounds;<br />and there is a considerable quantity of high grounds.<br />It has plenty of good pine and oak timber upon it, con-<br />venient houses, and is in good order for cropping, is<br />about two miles from Hanover town, and very convenient<br />to church and two mills. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may be shewn the land by applying to Mr. Christo-<br />pher Taliaferro, or Mr. William Jones, who resides near<br />the same, and the terms may be also known by applying<br />to these gentlemen, or to the subscriber.<br />tf THOMAS JONES</p>
<p>To be SOLD, together or in parcels,<br />THAT fertile and well timbered tract of LAND,<br />lying in Princess Anne county, known by the name<br />of GIBBS”S WOODS, whereon are several settlements,<br />and whereof Jeremiah Tinker, esquire, grandson of the<br />late governor Gibbs now stands seized, under the deed<br />of gift of his mother, the daughter and heiress of the<br />said governor Gibbs. Persons inclining to purchase may<br />be informed of the terms by applying to Mr. James<br />Parker, merchant in Norfolk, or to Edward Foy in<br />Williamsburg, who will give an undoubted title. tf</p>
<p>To be SOLD, and entered upon immediately,<br />A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more<br />or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county.<br />It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I<br />advertised last year and then gave a full account of it,<br />since then I sold it to John Attway Clarke, of Maryland,<br />but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more<br />to offer it to the public. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may know the terms by applying to me in Mid-<br />dlesex. I want part of the money at the meeting of the<br />merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable<br />credit. tf AUGUSTINE SMITH.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,<br />A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none<br />of the land having been cleared above six years,<br />with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500<br />acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good<br />that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with-<br />out dung. I have made on this plantation above three<br />thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very <br />healthy, and has a fine range for stock, This land lies<br />in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-<br />mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and Mayo<br />creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near to<br />Petersburg, and the canoes brought back; they were<br />loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt<br />but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the<br />expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &c. will be trifling.<br />Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce<br />of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not<br />know any better high land in the colony. This tract of<br />land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I<br />do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on<br />Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat<br />in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage-<br />ous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 826<br />acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles<br />from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the<br />quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small<br />plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is<br />good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any<br />person who viewed either of the above tracts of land<br />would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither<br />of these tracts are under any encumbrance whatsoever.<br />A reasonable time of payment will be allowed.<br />tf ANTHONY WINSTON.</p>
</div>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia gazette. Number 429, Thursday July 28, 1774
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-07-28
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2019.19
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/9908a3ce7a00777d77ca58bd2a0a5edb.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=QLX-XkJBuZHHox6d4Tb5UuunkVnlYaVMubINOSFnf0KIoZjSOYLk7AnLfZkJRbXq91TFnlaPOr44bGH65SM-C7rw9UAlbmZAN0KsC5FVTtE73RkzhBseHLNXZ3T123u7VcYld5mif72nfzoA14tJQLQjzxKEi5sQTORex9U%7Eot0d0FarK1eZtthXlsdErwngqri10TWOVBktsAZLEQ6qgUt0JWNOtbhPTzUVytBgtu1ELnQ0OocXFYoHy4i0NgsPi-DAd-SZhP9IQd9YeqqsTF%7EcM1tUvikyxhJyTjY8EDhzeyEeOkIHot9gWRHbCwZqi1sa-nXosCN2Yu4m3%7EJn6Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
0c9f4f45d84818ee8dc6baebea83e9e6
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/2e467e88a73076b49f7f694e6b31aec0.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=HcoOk0e9r1p-tenkcL7RvRiyQqLS9NiqU7SxQT4u6P86IEk1djwl1pwYHWpxeh-1ovT7jvbWJTWFtr%7Em9UMZCe4LlQdaJIzAARCR0PMMHnk7xMCSAHi0eYVWHnQ7YEQWw%7EBrC1Eds92iH0GRbmqsxGW4O7waRi1TzshHj8CbzmNOpkObW6X0je5plDPWmQdBpI2qnEW3IjMqZRbTGNqSKQjp4ucBkC2rwiK%7Epxa4f7yfBk7NL%7EIpVhrFK4Rx50f0nYXGBx5cdOcNd9Qq5Ybjy7JjTR2knRqZ-bV4-DYFydh5pVXSgJo0m1-BBdXrCTA2K2NAAGllCXfOXiJI-l16fQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c0baa8724a398b31da7b5d58cd5669f5
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>Supplement to the Virginiia Gazette. July 28, 1774.</p>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em>At a Meeting of the Freeholders of Hanover County, at the Courthouse, on<br />Wednesday the 20th of July, 1774, the folowing Address was agreed<br />to.</em></p>
<p><em>To JOHN SYME and PATRICK HENRY, Junior, Esquires.</em><br />GENTLEMEN, <br />YOU have our Thanks for your patriotick, faithful,<br />and spirited Conduct, in the Part you acted in the<br />late Assembly as our Burgesses; and as we are greatly<br />alarmed at the Pro-ceedings of the British Parliament<br />respecting the Town of Boston and the Province of<br />Massachusetts Bay, and as we understand a Meeting<br />of Delegates from all the Coun-ties in this Colony is<br />appointed to be in Williamsburg on the first Day of<br />next Month, to deliberate on our publick Affairs, we do hereby appoint<br />you, Gentlemen, our Delegates; and we do request you then and there<br />to meet, consult, and advise, touching such Matters as are most likely to<br />effect our Deliverance from the Evils with which our Country is threatened.</p>
<p>The Importance of those Things which will offer themselves for your<br />Deliberation is ex-ceeding great; and when it is considered that the Ef-<br />fect of the Measures you may adopt will reach our latest Posterity, you<br />will excuse us for giving you our Sentiments, and pointing out some<br />Particulars proper for that Plan of Conduct we wish you to observe.</p>
<p>We are Freemen. We have a Right to be so, and to enjoy all the<br />Privileges and Immuni-ties of our Fellow Subjects in England; and<br />while we retain a just Sense of that Freedom, and those Rights and<br />Privileges necessary for its Safety and Security, we shall never give up<br />the Right of Taxation. Let it suffice to say, once for all, we will<br />never be taxed but by our own Representatives. This is the great<br />Badge of Freedom, and British America hath been hitherto distinguished<br />by it; and when we see the British Parliament trampling upon that<br />Right, and acting with determined Resolution to destroy it, we would<br />wish to see the united Wisdom and Fortitude of America collected for<br />its Defence.</p>
<p>The Sphere of Life in which we move hath not afforded us Lights<br />sufficient to determine with Certainty, concerning those Things from<br />which the Troubles of Boston originated. Whether the People there<br />were warranted by Justice when they destroyed the Tea, we know not;<br />but this we know, that the Parliament, by their Proceedings, have made<br />us, and all North America, Parties in the present Dispute, and deeply<br />interened in the Event of it, inso-much that if our Sister Colony of Mas-<br />sachusetts Bay is enslaved we cannot long remain free.</p>
<p>Our Minds are filled with Anxiety when we view the friendly Regards<br />of our Parent State turned into Enmity, and those Powers of Govern-<br />ment formerly exerted for our Aid and Pro-tection formed into dangerous<br />Efforts for our Destruction. We read our intended Doom in the Boston<br />Port Bill, in that for altering the Mode of Trial in criminal Cases,<br />and finally in the Bill for altering the Form of Government in the<br />Massachusetts Bay. These several Acts are replete with Injustice and<br />Oppression, and strongly expressive of the future Policy of Brit-ain<br />towards all her Colonies. If a full and uncontrouled Operation is given<br />to this detesta-ble System in its earlier Stages, it will probably be fixed<br />upon us for ever.</p>
<p>Let it therefore be your great Object to obtain a speedy Repeal of<br />those Acts, and for this Purpose we recommend the Adoption of such<br />Measures as may produce the hearty Union of all our Countrymen and<br />Sister Colonies. United, we stand; divided, we fall. To attain this<br />wished for Union, we declare our Readiness to sacrifice any lesser In-<br />terest arising from a Soil, Climate, Situation, or Productions peculiar<br />to us.</p>
<p>We judge it conducive to the Interests of America that a general<br />Congress of Deputies, from all the Colonies, be held, in Order to form<br />a Plan for guarding the Claims of the Colonies, and their constitutional<br />Rights, from future Encroachments, and for the speedy Relief of our<br />suffering Brethren at Boston. For the present we think it proper to<br />form a general As-sociation against the Purchase of all Artcles of Goods<br />imported from Great Britain, except Negroes Clothes, Salt, Saltpetre,<br />Powder, Lead, Utensils and Implements for Handicrafts, Men and<br />Manufacturers that cannot be had in America, Books, Paper, and the<br />like Necessaties, and not to purchase any Goods or Merchandise that<br />shall be imported from Great Britain after a certain Day that may be<br />agreed on for that Purpose by the said general Meeting or Deputies at<br />Williamsburg, except the Articles aforesaid, or such as shall be al-lowed<br />to be imported by the said Meeting; and that we will encourage the<br />Manufactures of America, by every Means in our Power. A Regard<br />to Justice hinders us at this Time from withholding Exports; nothing<br />but the direst Necessity shall induce us to adopt that Proceeding, which<br />we shall strive to avoid as long as possible.</p>
<p>The African Trade for Slaves we consider as most dangerous to Vir-<br />tue, and the Welfare of this Country. We therefore most earnestly wish<br />to see it totally discouraged.</p>
<p>A steady Loyalty to the Kings of England has ever distinguished our<br />Country. The pre-sent State of things here, as well as the many In-<br />stances of it to be found in our History, leave no Room to doubt it.<br />God grant we may never see the Time when that Loyalty shall be found<br />incompatible with the Rights of Freemen. Our most ardent Desire is,<br />that we and your latest Posterity may continue to live under the genuine<br />unaltered Constitution of Eng-land, and be Subjects, in the true Spirit<br />of that Constgitution, to his Majesty and his illustrious House; and<br />may the Wretches who affirm that we desire the contrary feel the Punish-<br />ment due to Falsehood and Villainy.</p>
<p>While Prudence and Moderation shall guide your Councils, we trust,<br />Gentlemen, that Firmness, Resolution, and Zeal, will animate you in<br />the glorious Struggle. The Arm of Power, which is now stretched<br />forth against us, is indeed formidable; but we do not despair: Our</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>Cause is good; and if it is served with Constancy and Fidelity, it cannot<br />fail of Success. We promise you our best Support, and we will heartily<br />join in such Measures as a Majority of our Countrymen shall adopt for<br />securing the publick Liberty.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the above Address be transmitted to the Printers, to be<br />published in the Gazettes.<br />WILLIAM POLLARD, Clerk.</p>
<p>AT a general Meeting of the Freeholders and Inhabitants of the<br />County of Caroline, at the Courthouse, on Thursday the 14th<br />of July 1774, assembled for the Purpose of deliberating and giving their<br />Sentiments upon the present State of Affairs in America, and what<br />ought to be done at this most alarming Crisis, the following Points were<br />agitated, and agreed to as the Opinion of this County.</p>
<p>That the Design of our Meeting may not be misinterpreted, we think it<br />proper to declare, what would otherwise be unnecessary, that we will<br />preserve all due Obedience and Fidelity to the Royal Person and Govern-<br />ment of his sacred Majesty King George III. and that we will, at all<br />Times, when called on for that Purpose, maintain and defend, at the<br />Expense of our Lives and Fortunes, his Majesty’s Right and Title to<br />the Crown of Great Britain and his Domin-ions in America.</p>
<p>That a firm Union, and mutual Intercourse and Reciprocation of<br />Interests and Affections, between Great Britain and her Colonies, is<br />desirable and beneficial to both; and that whoever shall go about to<br />dissolve that Union, by attempting to deprive the Colonies of their just<br />Rights, on the one Hand, or to effect their Independence, on the other, ought<br />ever to be considered as a common Enemy to the whole Community.</p>
<p>That for Americans to be exempted from every Kind of Taxation,<br />except by the consent of their own Representatives, in their several<br />Provencial Assemblies, to be heard in their De-fence when accused of<br />Crimes, and tried by their Peers, are Rights they derive from natu-ral<br />Justice and the British Constitution, to which they are equally entitled<br />with their Fellow Subjects in Great Britain, and from constant Usage,<br />so long as the true Principles of the Con-stitution have been suffered to<br />direct the publick Councils.</p>
<p>That the British Parliament, in their several Acts of imposing a Duty<br />upon Tea, to be paid in America; for blocking up the Harbour and<br />stopping the Commerce of the Town of Boston, in the Massachusetts<br />Bay, for supposed Offences with which they were charged, and con-<br />demned unheard; for altering the Form of that Government, estab-<br />lished by Charters and long Usage; and for empowering his Majesty to<br />order Persons charged with certain Of-fences committed in America to be<br />carried to Great Britain, and there tried; have been influ-enced by evil<br />Counsellors to depart from the true Principles of the Constitution, and to<br />violate the most sacred and important Rights of Americans, from which<br />they never can depart.</p>
<p>That those Acts, whether intended to operate only in one Province,<br />or generally in all, ought to be considered as the common Cause; and<br />that a firm and indissoluble Union and Association of the Whole ought<br />to be formed, to oppose their Operation by every just and proper Means.<br />To effect which, we think the sending Deputies from each Province, to <br />meet in a general Congress, will be a very proper Measure; and we de-<br />sire our Dele-gates may unite with others, in the general Meeting for this<br />Colony, in electing such Depu-ties.</p>
<p>That Tea being the Subject of the Tax complained of, and the East<br />India Company having acted ungenerously in sending great Quantities of<br />it to America, to fix the Precedent of Taxa-tion (though desired to for-<br />bear) we most cordially concur with the late Representatives of this<br />Colony to disuse Tea, and not to purchase any East India Commo-<br />dities from hence-forth, until the just Rights of America be restored.</p>
<p>That a general Association between all the American Colonies, not to<br />import from Great Britain any Commodity whatever, ought to be en-<br />tered into, and not dissolved till the just Rights of the said Colonies are<br />restored to them, and the cruel Acts of the British Parliament against<br />the Massachusetts Bay and Town of Boston are repealed.</p>
<p>That it is the undoubted Privilege, and indispensable Duty, of the<br />Representatives of the People of this Colony, when met in General As-<br />sembly, to deliberate freely upon all Invasions of the Rights, Liberties,<br />and Properties of their Constituents, and consider of the proper Means<br />of Redress; and therefore, that the Interposition of the executive Power<br />here, by Mandate from the Ministry, to dissolve the Assembly, whenever<br />they complain of Attempts to destroy those Rights, tends to deprive us<br />of all Benefit from a Legislature, and is an Evidence of the fixed Intention<br />of the Ministry to reduce the Colonies to a State of Slavery.</p>
<p>That, in this distressed Situation of our Affairs, all Luxury, Dissi-<br />pation, and Extrava-gance, ought to be banished from among us; and<br />every Kind of Manufacture, Industry, and Economy, encouraged.</p>
<p>That the African Trade is injurious to this Colony, obstructs our<br />Population by Freemen, Manufacturers, and others, who would<br />emigrate from Europe and settle here, and occasions an annual Balance<br />of Trade against the Country; and therefore, that the Purchase of all<br />imported Slaves ought to be associated against.</p>
<p>Though we are happily allowed to proceed to the Choice of new<br />Representatives, yet as the Return of the Writs is made to the 11th of<br />August, and there is Reason to doubt the As-sembly may not be held at<br />that Time, we think it highly expedient there should be a Meeting at<br />Williamsburg on the 1st of August, as appointed, to consider fully of the<br />several Matters herein before mentioned; and we do appoint EDMUND <br />PENDLETON and JAMES TAYLOR, Esquires, Deputies on our Parts,<br />to meet such as shall be named for other Counties and Cor-porations, at<br />Williamsburg, or such other Place as may be agreed upon on the Day<br />aforsaid, or any other Time, to deliberate freely, and agree to the above<br />Resolutions, or any other that may be judged more expedient for the<br />general Purpose intend-ed.<br />WILLIAM NELSON, Clerk.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="“”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em>At a Meeting of the loyal and patriotic People of the County of Henrico, at<br />their Courthouse, on the 15th of this Instant July, the following Address to<br />their late worthy Representatives was agreed on, and signed by a great<br />Number of the Freeholders.</em></p>
<p><em>To RICHARD ADAMS and SAMUEL DUVAL, Esquires.</em><br />WE the Subscribers, Freeholders of the County of Henrico, assem-<br />bled for the Purpose of deliberating on the present Posture of<br />publick Affairs, return you our Thanks for the Part you acted in the<br />late Assembly, as our Burgesses.</p>
<p>When we reflect on the alarming and critical Situation of Things<br />respecting the Mother Country, our Minds are filled with the most<br />anxious Concern. The Acts of the British Parliament made for punishing<br />the Inhabitants of Massachusetts Bay are repugnant to the first Principles<br />of Justice, and if they are suffered to have a full Operation will not only<br />crush our Sister Colony, and involve the Guilty and Innocent in one<br />common Ruin, but will stand as a fatal Precedent to future Times for<br />adopting the same fatal Measures towards this and every other British<br />Colony. We therefore have passed this Determination, and shall conduct<br />ourselves conformably, that the Cause of the Colony of Massachusetts Bay<br />in general, and of the Town of Boston in particular, is the Cause of this<br />and every other Colony in North America.</p>
<p>We hope Gentlemen, that the exceeding great Importance of the<br />present Crisis will plead our Excuse for giving you our Sentiments touch-<br />ing that Conduct which we wish you to observe in the ensuing Congress,<br />on the first Day of August next, at Williamsburg, to which we depute<br />you to act on our Behalf.</p>
<p>With Grief and Astonishment, we behold Great Britain adopting a Mode<br />of Government towards her Colonies totally incompatible with our Safety<br />and Happiness. We cannot submit to be taxed by her Parliament; we<br />cannot sit still and see the Harbour of Boston blocked up by an armed<br />Force; we cannot behold, without Indignation, the Charter Rights of a <br />Sister Colony violated, or the Form of its Government changed, by an<br />Act of Parliament as derogotary to the Honour of the Mother Country as<br />it is repugnant to Justice; and lastly, we will not suffer our Fellow Sub-<br />jects to be seized and transported beyond Sea, to be tried for supposed<br />Offences committed here. If these Things are suffered to be reduced to<br />Practice, we shall account ourselves the most miserable of Men, unworthy<br />the Name of Freemen; we shall not wonder if in future we are treated<br />as Slaves.</p>
<p>We therefore most solemnly charge and conjure you to use your best<br />Endeavours to save us from these Calamities. We earnestly entreat you<br />for your utmost Exertion, to procure, by all possible Ways and Means,<br />a total Repeal of the late oppressive and detestable Acts of Parliament.<br />We trust you will heartily concur in such Measures as the said Congress,<br />shall judge most efficacious to preserve our ancient Rights; for be assured,<br />Gentlemen, that nothing shall ever induce from us a Submission to<br />Tyranny, and that we resolve, once for all, to live and die Freemen.</p>
<p>In Order to effect those desirable Ends, we give it as our Opinion<br />that the most effectual Method for opposing the said several Acts of<br />Parliament will be that a general Association between all the American<br />Colonies ought immediately to be entered into, not to import from Great<br />Britain any Commodity whatsoever, except such Articles as the General<br />Congress shall judge necessary, until the just Rights of the Colonies are<br />restored to them, and the cruel Acts of the British Parliament against the<br />Colony of Massachusetts Bay, and Town of Boston, are repealed.</p>
<p>A love of Justice, and the tender Regard we have for our Friends, the<br />Merchants and Manufacturers of Great Britain, to whom we are indebted,<br />and who must of Course suffer in the common Cause, prevents our recom-<br />mending the stopping our Exports at this Time; but, at a future Day,<br />we will heartily concur with the other Counties of this Colony to stop all<br />Exports, as well as Imports, to and from Great Britain, unless what we<br />have already recommended to you shall be found effectual.</p>
<p>We most cordially recommend that no Time be lost in administering<br />every Comfort and Aid to our distressed Brethren of Boston that their<br />unhappy State may require, and may comport with our Situation to<br />afford.</p>
<p>We farther recommend to you, that you will, in Conjunction with<br />the Deputies from the different Counties of this Colony, choose fit and<br />proper Persons, on the Part of this Colony, to meet the Deputies from<br />the other Colonies in a General Congress, at such convenient Time and<br />Place as shall be agreed on, then and there to advise and consult upon<br />such Measures as (under the Circumstances of Things at that Time) they<br />shall deem expedient.</p>
<p>We strictly charge and enjoin, that at all Times, and on all Occasions<br />which may present, you testify our Zeal for his Majestly’s Person and<br />Government; and that we are ready and willing, with our Lives and<br />Fortunes, to support his Right to the Crown of Great Britain, and all<br />its Dependencies.</p>
<p>AT a general Meeting of the Freeholders and Inhabitants of the<br />County of Nansemond, on the 11th Day of July 1774, the follow-<br />ing Resolutions were proposed, and unanimously agreed to.</p>
<p>Resolved, that we will, at all Times, whenever we are called upon<br />for that Purpose, maintain and defend, at the Expense of our Lives and<br />Fortunes, his Majesty’s Right and Title to the Crown of Great Britain<br />and his Dominions in America, to whose Royal Person and Government<br />we profess all due Obedience and Fidelity.</p>
<p>Resolved that the Right to impose Taxes or Duties to be paid by the<br />Inhabitants within this Dominion, for any Purpose whatsoever, is pecu-<br />liar and essential to the General Assembly, in whom the legislative Autho-<br />rity of the Colony is vested.</p>
<p>Resolved, that every Attempt to impose such Taxes or Duties by any<br />other Authority is an arbitrary Exertion of Power, and an Infringment of <br />the constitutional Rights and Liberties of the Colony.</p>
<p>Resolved, that to impose a Tax or Duty upon Tea by the British Par-<br />liament, in which the Commons of the North American Colonies can<br />have no Representation, to be paid upon Importation by the Inhabitants<br />of the said Colonies, is an Act of Power without Right, is subversive of<br />the Liberties of the said Colonies, deprives them of their Prroperty without<br />their Consent, and thereby reduces them to a State of Slavery.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>Resolved, that the last cruel, unjust, and sanguinary Acts of Parlia-<br />ment, to be exercuted by military Force and Ships of War upon our Sister<br />Colony of Massachusetts Bay, and Town of Boston, is a strong Evidence<br />of the corrupt Influence obtained by the British Ministry in Parliament,<br />and a convincing Proof of their fixed Intention to deprive the Colonies<br />of their constitutional Rights of Liberties.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the Cause of the Town of Boston is the common Cause<br />of all the American Colonies.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the Duty and Interest of all the American Colonies<br />firmly to unite in an indissoluble Union and Association, to oppose, by<br />every just and proper Means, the Infringement of their common Rights<br />and Liberties.</p>
<p>Resolved, that a general Association between all the American Colo-<br />nies, not to import from Great Britain any Commodity whatsoever, ought<br />to be entered into, and not dissolved until the just Rights of the said<br />Colonies are restored to them, and the cruel Acts of this British Parlia-<br />ment against the Manssachusetts Bay, and Town of Boston, are repealed.</p>
<p>Resolved, that no Friend to the Rights and Liberties of America ought<br />to purchase any Commodity whatsoever which shall be imported from<br />Great Britain after a certain Time hereafter to be limited by the Congress<br />which is shortly expected to meet, nor ought such to have any Kind of<br />Dealing or Connexion with any Merchant who shall refuse to agree to<br />the Measure hereafter to be adopted by said Congress.</p>
<p>Resolved, that every Kind of Luxury, Dissipation, and Extravagance,<br />ought to be banished from amongst us.</p>
<p>Resolved, that Manufactures ought to be encouraged, by opening<br />Subscriptions for that Purpose, or by any other proper Means.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the African Trade is injurious to this Colony, obstructs<br />the Population of it by Freemen, prevents Manufacturers and other use-<br />ful Emigrants from Europe from settling amongst us, and occasions an<br />annual Increase of the Balance of Trade against this Colony.</p>
<p>Resolved, that this raising Sheep, Hemp, and Flax, ought to be en-<br />couraged.</p>
<p>Resolved, that ot be clothed in Manufactures fabricated in the Colony<br />ought to be considered as a Badge and Distinction of Respect, and true<br />Patriotism.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the dissolution of the General Assembly, by Order of<br />the British Ministry, whenever they enter upon the Consideration of the<br />Rights and Liberties of the Subject, against Attempts to destroy them, is<br />an Evidence of the fixed Intention of the said Ministry to recuce the Co-<br />lonies to a State of Slavery.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the People of this Colony, being by such Dissolution<br />deprived of a legal Representation, ought to nominate and appoint, for<br />every County, proper Deputies to meet upon the first Day of August, in<br />the City of Williamsburg, then and there to consult and agree upon the<br />best and most proper Means for carrying into Execution these,or any<br />other Resolutions, which shall be judged more expedient for the Purposes<br />aforesaid.</p>
<p>Resolved, that LEMUEL RIDDICK and BENJAMIN BAKER, Esqrs.<br />our late Representatives, be, and they are hereby nominated and ap-<br />pointed Deputies, upon the Part of the Freeholders and Inhabitants of<br />this County, to meet such Deputies as shall be appointed by the other<br />Counties and Corporations within the Colony, in the City of Williams-<br />burg, upon the first Day of August next, or at any other Time or Place,<br />for the Purposes aforesaid.</p>
<p>Resolved, that at this important and alarming Conjuncture it be ear-<br />nestly recommended to the said Deputies, at the said general Convention,<br />that they nominate and appoint fit and proper Persons, upon the Part of<br />this Colony, to meet such Deputies, in a general Congress, as shall be<br />appointed upon the Part of the other continental Colonies in America,<br />to consult and agree upon a firm and indissoluble Union and Association,<br />for preserving, by the best and most proper Means, their common Rights<br />and Liberties.</p>
<p>Resolved, that this Colony ought not to trade with any Colony which<br />shall refuse to join in any Union and Association that shall be agreed<br />upon by the greater Part of the other Cononies upon this Continent, for<br />preserving their common Rights and Liberties.</p>
<p>Resolved, that a Copy of these Resolutions be transmitted to each of<br />the Printers of both the Gazettes, with the earnest Request of this County<br />that the other Counties and Corporations within the Colony will appoint<br />Deputies to meet at the Time and Place, and for the Puposes, aforesaid.</p>
<p><em>ADVERTISEMENTS.</em></p>
<p><em>To be SOLD, and entered upon immediately.</em><br />THE PLANTATION of <em>Moses Hare,</em> deceased, of <em>Hertford</em> County, <em><br />North Carolina,</em> with several Pieces of valuable Land adjoining<br />thereto, the Whole about three Miles in Length and one in Breadth;<br />there is on the Plantation about 150 Acres cleared, with a beautiful<br />Meadow before of about 100 Acres, which affords a charming Prospect,<br />and makes an excellent Pasture; it is in very good Repair, with extra-<br />ordinary good Improvements of almost all Kinds, lies on the great Wag-<br />gon Road from <em>Suffolk</em> Town in <em>Virginia</em> to the greatest Part of <em>Carolina,</em><br />and is most commodiously situated for a Store and Tavern, with many<br />other Conveniencies too tedious to mention. Any Person inclinable to<br />purchase may have a great Bargain, by timely applying to Captain <em>Ed-<br />ward Hare,</em> near the Premises, or the Subscriber, near <em>Bath</em> Town, in <br /><em>Beaufort</em> County. MOSES HARE.</p>
<p><em>To Be SOLD by the Subsciber, in Petersburg, for<br />Cash, Wheat, or Tobacco,</em><br />BARBADOS RUM and SPIRITS, <em>Muscovado</em> SUGAR, WHITE<br />GINGER, PEPPER, <em>Russia</em> DRILLINGS and SHEETINGS,<br />Women’s Calimanco SHOES, 4d and 8d NAILS, some Boxes of assorted<br />DUROYS, SAGATHIES, and TRIMMINGS, also a few Pieces of<br />fashionable SILKS. EMANUEL WALKER.</p>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
Supplement to the Virginia gazette. July 28, 1774
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-07-28
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2019.20
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/623ca42c0e32485e6fcf93ad66959895.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=UQjRsvWVCc17GALUg5amreQu3ZvYAgo39QcyR0wS8fe7kwdBecIQq45XYeLWRPkmrVKMLLCGE-WPCi6n0%7Ew3KwJfeuuxpu%7ElO5TmYVIQoldGq-M-HoMoDP0%7EUY6NMJB2cpNmdYKoqnoBEc1-eSJvFwh%7E3fD4%7E29lPdnOiM5QYQzyEbfqc3v-6WzP9cwSE4FLz5TDUPlRm0k-NSS81H6DbrdadYQrrvLYYJ1nkPXAkTbf%7EAXfSJVOyCadnVRwr3%7E8b7cgKapMsYF%7EK1erBXdO%7E1NPSkYXI3o7CaOjkOnPu8LiRwmZEiXj5Cvb0iIf4-jeYv1hHcnjCVR35B8w3fbisA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
e94a7a51a2ec7f16ee7235749c5cba0b
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/2a8dd631da1304a12411fd8e271e9591.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Rmh1YCAJfPZxNjYGw2qn-sKpmjzZBxFHlg9ONMDYa17ATROTpS1B1L0AR%7ER-zW7otdNRAendkkOk3FGcRpgdKz2slLkcX-LuTEGNymRyzO0U4FCMN1MK4xkZFUcNiouVh4AsPA1cVsdd%7EgaNDhvHYa5ESas2ckbNgS16N5CK3MBNP54BeG5FY0FNiGJWrG2t0KXeZC3jqFOkmsL4QZj3Lj0D0HpGOKGPjgyl0FXo0sCxrgiqOck2gaI2MbDne9R6%7ECOC%7ERo9hcNCfA3J72tVYLtzqLlYfFQ51Yl-ZqY0daq-sddlUjlf2hc2moMf0bNOrMT3JOzSSthRIFcfRDZNnw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
7d4426dd6f5bd2ba4f64a1b01738bcb2
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/cb877b822641f2f9119e22d21e69240a.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=BUL4D%7Ei1Lq2V-tiBGj-5XWD%7E4%7EaxPkCOULfM7dCSUp%7ELaJLHMlXTf8Oo0oBte9ox7TPbtpTzwt0eVrcqmTohvt053ApsbdSTbzRQtBZotQ1DD3G4V3n4qE1pWFGDQP3cSWxGUagbJS0uR4dzC3ctvF3k3CTfqXkxgv0Ib9YBJx%7E%7EH7b8k-aoqDXVD0kVdfDgfjtRMP20JB0a61ZeYiLxKQnDFmLNupqRXuvaMZkWRxR%7E4N30qlMlJMkmFTnYTgeMTvwCR0HaFDFCdQRDnjGr7foxAYTbJKf-qKByxapfGnNAbQytoaXW1--FAtKVFlusO78qJ9bbmCNRrV-HCqV6qA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
455aab3e32d54aef388241e79d06facc
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/451f699a60d21c922f181c610babb215.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=R3kXyvefRmVfjhTRDORy47NoovLpXXkZSvP4dovMvq2kX1vlLbrEA6Q6qNHVSxFeIFkaV-wtUccNAJN5Kt1--gu%7E4ICKNRdS90X2rb8WQ3juR5DpsWksinf-F1GG13Bteo4un%7E3E3KpbsvorRVJ6ZLcbR34Y538Z4LsHlJUSJPUbgQDz2rH6r%7ERT5L-t7VX-JO0Baj0opuPEXfhE1zltnyYVZ2a3-kbk6odc9G9gs%7EO3ogyFT6y08Qj9G%7Ez19W8y%7EYwG6aFwyujYyU82f1XzcwjTVsp3ULrcR6LDDSIcrGbmYs-VtYPw1CoFWu9D1jVjkgsNRthDbulT1WTCQ8T3mA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
cc7362e3297c11f8819eb599196f9b85
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>THURSDAY, JUNE 23, 1774. NUMBER 424.</p>
<p>THE<br />VIRGINIA GAZETTE.</p>
<p>OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG: PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.</p>
<p>All persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12s. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3s. the first Week,<br />and 2s. each Time after; long ones in Proportion.-----PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<p><em>To the printer of the </em>PENNSYLVANIA PACKET.</p>
<p>SIR,</p>
<p>THE English constitution, which hath stood the<br />test of ages, and been the envy and wonder<br />of surrounding nations, seems now verging<br />towards a dissolution. Luxury, corruption,<br />and an inordinate lust of power, hath been<br />infinitely more fatal than the hostile attacks of all her<br />other foes, and hath finally proved triumphant in Eng-<br />land, and, I may say, without pretending to a spirit of<br />prophecy, that American freedom will soon be annihi-<br />lated, unless we unitedly exert our utmost virtue and<br />firmness; nothing less can recue our liberties, now<br />eagerly grasped by the ruffian hand of power. I lament<br />the unhappy situation of both worlds, and when I think<br />of England, that once renowned seat of freedom and<br />justice, I cannot, in the agony of my mind, help ex-<br />claiming in the prophetic language of John of Gaunt,<br />as given by the inimitable Shakespeare:</p>
<p>”England bound in with the triumphant sea, whose<br />”rocky shore beats back the enemies of watry Neptune,<br />”is bound in with shame, with inky blots and rotten<br />”parchment bonds, that England that was wont to con-<br />”quer others hath made a shameful conquest of itself,<br />”Ah!”----</p>
<p>The following little extract gave me such pleasure in<br />the perusal, that I would wish to see it recorded among<br />the useful performances that grace your paper:-----</p>
<p>”As the people are the fountain of power and authority,<br />the original seat of majesty, the authors of laws, and<br />the creators of officers to execute them, if they shall<br />find the powers they have conferred abused by their<br />trustees, their majesty violated by tyranny, or by usur-<br />pation, their authority prostituted to support violence,<br />or sereen corruption, the laws grown pernicious through<br />accidents unforeseen, or unavoidable, or rendered in-<br />effectual through the infidelity and corruption of the<br />executors of them, then it is their right, and what is<br />their right is their duty, to resume that delegated power,<br />and call their trustees to an account, to resist the usur-<br />pation and extirpate the tyranny, to restore their sullied<br />majesty and prostituted authority, to suspend, alter, or<br />abrogate, those laws, and punish their unfaithful and<br />corrupt officers; nor is it the duty only of the united<br />body, but every member of it ought, according to his<br />respective rank, power, and weight, in the community,<br />to concur in advancing and supporting those glorious<br />designs.</p>
<p>”The obligations of every Briton to fulfil the politi-<br />cal duties receive a vast accession of strength when he<br />calls to mind of what a noble and well balanced consti-<br />tution of government he has the honour to partake; a<br />constitution founded on common reason, common con-<br />sent, and common good; a constitution of free and equal<br />laws, secured against arbitrary will and popular licence,<br />by an admirable temperament of the governing powers,<br />controuling and controuled by one another. How must<br />every one who has tolerable honesty to acknowledge its<br />happy effects, venerate and love a constitution in which<br />the majesty of the people is, and has been, frequently<br />recognized, in which kings are made and unmade by<br />the choice of the people, laws enacted, or annulled only<br />by their own consent, and for their own good, in which<br />none can be deprived of their property, abridged of their<br />freedom, or forfeit their lives without an appeal to the<br />laws, and the verdict of their peers or equals; a consti-<br />tution, in fine, the nurse of heroes, the parent of liberty,<br />the patron of learning and arts, the dominion of laws,<br />the pride of Briton, the envy of her neighbors, and<br />their sanctuary too! How dissolute and execrable must<br />their character and conduct be who, instead of sacrificing<br />their interest and ambition, will not part with the least<br />degree of either, to preserve inviolate, and entail in full<br />vigour to their posterity, such a glorious constitution,<br />the labour of so many ages, and price of so much blood<br />and treasure, but would chuse rather to sacrifice if, and<br />all their own independency, freedom, and dignity, to<br />personal power and hollow grandeur, to any little page-<br />ant of a king, who should prefer being the master of<br />slaves to being the guardian of freemen, and consider<br />himself as the proprietor, not the father, of his people?<br />But words cannot express the selfishness and servility of<br />those men, and as little the public and heroic spirit of<br />such, if any such there are, as have virtue enough still<br />left to them the torrent of corruption, and guard our<br />sacred constitution against the profligacy and prostitution<br />of the corruptors and the corrupted.”</p>
<p>From the PUBLIC LEDGER.<br /><em>To Lord</em> CLARE.</p>
<p>My LORD,</p>
<p>DURING your administration, the colonies were<br />noted for their active zeal in support of his ma-<br />jesty’s royal family, and of the power of the whole<br />English nation, in and out of the island of Britain.<br />Since the unhappy measures, which the arts of design-<br />ing men have misled ministers into, which were by you</p>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>in their beginnings opposed, your wisdom and experi-<br />ence shewed you the weakness and wickedness of the per-<br />sons persuaded, and the creatures persuading them; you<br />foresaw, and with manly fortitude represented against<br />them; and when your strong and clear arguments did<br />not convince, you nobly declined contributing towards<br />measures of which you saw the dangerous tendency. To<br />you, my lord, the people of Bristol lift their eyes, trusti-<br />ting that you will assist them In shewing to the honourable<br />body, “of which you are a member,” the dreadful con-<br />dition the trade of this city will be reduced to if any<br />violent measures should be taken in America. Your lord-<br />ship knows that the city hath had but little trade to Tur-<br />key, and even that little is lessened by the present trou-<br />bles of the Levant; that the Italian trade is become very<br />considerable; that the severe regulations of the govern-<br />ment of Portugal, and the edicts of the king of Spain,<br />hath reduced our commerce with those kingdoms so<br />much as to make it a most considerable object. Our de-<br />pendence now is on the American and Irish trades. Sup-<br />pose the representatives of the India company, on behalf<br />of themselves, and some governors and crown officers,<br />whose conduct hath been complained of by the people ,<br />should be believed, what must be the natural consequence<br />but determinations unjust to the accused, and hurtful to<br />the interest of these realms? The India company, whose<br />conduct hath not always been judged immaculate, and<br />governors and governmental officers, who have been ac-<br />cused and never tried, it is hoped these are not to be ad-<br />mitted as evidence against a body of some millions of the<br />English nation. I cannot believe what is said of these<br />accused towns and provinces; are they not to be heard<br />in answer before determination? We hope, if such at-<br />tempts are made, your lordship will use the great advan-<br />tages your elocution and experience give you, in prevail-<br />ing that both parties may be heard. The people com-<br />plain of oppression by a <em>monopolizing company,</em> and the<br />people complain of governmental officers for misdemean-<br />ors, oppressions, and misrepresenting his majesty’s good<br />subjects, and striving to raise discord. This was a crime<br />in Scotland punished with death, under the name of <em>leige<br />leesing.</em> A peer of the name of Campbell, an ancestor<br />of the earl of Bute, was condemned to death for this<br />crime. If instead of hearing the people in their defence,<br />against the heavy charges laid against them, you should<br />proceed to judgement against them, and allow <em>allegata</em>to<br />have the force of <em>probata,</em>this must give no reputation<br />to the justice of the proceedings of such a court. Sup-<br />pose this interested, monopolizing company, should pre-<br />vail, and men of war and armies should be ordered to<br />force the English in America to drink tea, as they were<br />sent to force the unhappy people of Indostan to chew<br />beetel, the effect would probably be the same: There<br />would be massacres and famine; but no money accruing<br />to the government. My lord, you know the nature of<br />trade, which for years flourished under your direction;<br />you know that North America is mostly supplied from<br />Great Britain with goods; that teas, amongst others,<br />were sent by the merchants chiefly from London, to their<br />correspondents there, whose houses had the advantage<br />either of the sale or the commission. The people there<br />complain that a monopolizing company send over teas<br />on the account of a <em>body corporate;</em>an exclusive body<br />corporate, which has <em>no right</em>to trade in America.<br />Some people opposed this, which they took to be an il-<br />legal action of the said company. We have heard the<br />matter so; is it not therefore fitting to try whether this<br />is so or not, before you justify the company? If the com-<br />pany have the liberty granted of trading to, and having<br />warehouses in, America, under any pretence, there is an<br />end of the trade of Britain; an end of the riches of Lon-<br />don, Bristol, and Liverpool. The company will be able<br />to supply, with all manufacturers from China and Coro-<br />mandel, cheaper than our merchants and manufacturers<br />can goods from Britain; and we know they can smuggle,<br />even in the river Thames, how much more in the vast<br />rivers and coast of America? What must the revenue lose<br />by such a step? Next, your lordship knowing the mer-<br />chants and planters in America are indebted to those in<br />Britain; the sums together are immense. If any distress<br />is laid on those in America, it will disable them from<br />paying us, and we from paying duties and excise, as<br />well as from supporting our families. You see, my<br />lord, the dreadful consequences of precipitate measures.<br />We are happy in having a representative of your lord-<br />ship’s experience, courage, and elocution, and trust in<br />your preserving us and the nation from ruin.<br />A MAJORITY of MERCHANTS.</p>
<p>From the BOSTON GAZETTE.<br /><em>Messieurs</em> EDES and GILL,</p>
<p>THIS country never yet saw a time in which the<br />people, and of course their<em>fathers</em>and<em>represent-<br />tatives,</em> ought to<em>stand more firm</em>and play the man;<br />never was there a time in which a wise, upright, and<br />steady council of the land, was more necessary to our<br />common safety. A weak and pusillanimous counsellor,</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>at this period, may do more mischief than many wise<br />and intrepid ones will be able to remedy in an age. Let<br />us throw aside personal attachment and private connec-<br />tion; let us consider the evils which we may do by a bad<br />choice;; evils which it will never be in our power to cor-<br />rect, though we weep tears of blood. If we have ever<br />given our suffrages for wicked, base, or unworthy cha-<br />racters, let us now repent of that great sin, and make<br />the best reparation of our injured brethren and posterity,<br />that we have now power and opportunity, by giving our<br />voices to none but such who have understanding, inte-<br />grity, and zeal, to guide the commonwealth, in this<br />storm of power and oppression. Should we be careless<br />and unconcerned, indifferent or inactive, at this season,<br />we shall only endanger the great ship of the state, in<br />which our treasures are laden; then let us bear weightily<br />on our mind, that we are all embarked in one common<br />bottom: Lives and fortune, children and posterity,<br />must be overwhelmed and sink in case of shipwreck. Let<br />none of us, therefore, make shipwreck of our consei-<br />ences, lest we not only perish in this world, but <em>most mi-<br />serably perish</em> in that which is to come.<br />AN OLD COMMONER.</p>
<p><em>From the</em> LONDON GAZETTEER <em>of April</em> 5.<br />A CHAPTER from the lost book of CHRONICLES.<br />1. <em>The fast</em>. 4. <em>The men of the united provinces of Hol-<br />land confer with the men of North America.</em> 40. <em>The<br />final determination of the latter.</em> 45. <em>Mention is made<br />of another book.</em></p>
<p>1. AND behold! Though the men of America waited<br />the event, yet they waited for it with fear, and<br />with trembling; they fasted, and the prayed.</p>
<p>2. They put on sackcloth, they rent their garments,<br />and humbled themselves in the dust, before the lord their<br />maker.</p>
<p>3. Even before the god of Abraham, the god of Isaac,<br />and the god of Jacob, did they humble themselves.</p>
<p>4. And now so it was, that the <em>high</em> and <em>mighty states,</em><br />even the men of the united provinces of Holland, lift up<br />their voices, and cried aloud, saying,</p>
<p>5. O ye men of Boston! And all ye inhabitants of<br />North America! Why are you so disquieted? And where-<br />fore is it that your souls are so troubled within you?</p>
<p>6. Seeing that we worship one god, and after the same<br />manner, turn ye now unto us, let us traffic together,<br />and let us be as one people.</p>
<p>7. And the men of America answered and said, nay,<br />nay, but wist ye not that our mother, and our elder bre-<br />thren, have set their faces against us, and are in wrath.</p>
<p>8. Verily, verily, ye above all men ought to know,<br />and acknowledge, how pleasant and how profitable it is<br />for brethren to dwell together in unity.</p>
<p>9. Nevertheless, the <em>high</em> and <em>mighty states,</em> even the<br />men of the united provinces of Holland, cried out with<br />out ceasing, and said,</p>
<p>10. Albeit as your mother hath become a step mother<br />unto you, and as your elder brethren have estranged<br />their countenances from you;</p>
<p>11. Now then, eschew them in the bitterness of your<br />hearts, forsake them, and cleave unto us.</p>
<p>12. And behold, we will be as a loving mother, and<br />as loving brethren unto you, henceforth, and for ever-<br />more.</p>
<p>13. For lo! Have we not heard with our ears, and<br />hath it not been told unto us, how that your mother<br />hath given you vinegar when you have asked for milk?</p>
<p>14. That she hath given you a stone when you have<br />asked for bread, and that she hath given you a serpent<br />when you have asked for a fish?</p>
<p>15. Furthermore, have not your elder brethren made<br />hewers of wood, and drawers of water of you?</p>
<p>16. And are they not now seeking to burthen ye with<br />heavy burthens?</p>
<p>17. Now fear not ye, but be of good cheer, foras-<br />much as ye must have heard with your ears, and your<br />forefathers, who fled from persecution, from the house<br />of Stuart, and from the land of bondage, must have<br />told ye.</p>
<p>18. How that in the days old, even in the time of<br />Philip the Second of Spain, our forefathers were also<br />fore troubled, by means of a governor called the duke<br />d’Alva.</p>
<p>19. And behold, they named themselves the <em>poor</em> and<br /><em>distressed states</em> of <em>Holland,</em> and they humbly besought<br />Elizabeth, the great queen of your forefathers, for suc-<br />cour, and she gave them help.</p>
<p>20. And our forefathers <em>united>/em> as one man; they<br />sprang forth like a green leaf; they became lasting as<br />the evergreen, and sturdy as the might oak tree.</em></p>
<p>21. An lo! Do not all the princes of the earth call us<br /><em>high</em> and <em>mighty</em> at this day></p>
<p>22. Moreover, we cannot but have heard how the<br />men of Helvetia struggled in a much older time with<br />the oppression of their oppressors;</p>
<p>23. Who ruled over them with a rod of iron, and<br />with an outreached arm.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>24. And how that the angel of the Lord appeared<br />unto William Tell, and directed his hands and his eyes,<br />so that he might shoot the apple upon his son’s head,<br />without hurting the hair upon the head of his son.</p>
<p>25. And by his means the men of Helvetia became<br />freemen; and behold, are they not called unto this day,<br />the freemen of Switzerland, even of the thirteen cantons<br />thereof?</p>
<p>26. Now, then, arise ye also as one man, <em>unite</em> ye to-<br />gether, gird up your loins, and make your appeal unto<br />him who sitteth above the clouds;</p>
<p>27. Who rideth upon the wings of the wind, and who<br />ruleth the waves of the sea, even unto the most high.</p>
<p>28. And <em>feel</em> ye <em>bold</em> in the cause of <em>freedom</em>;</p>
<p>29. For surely ye are not yet to learn that the race is<br />not always given to the swift, or the battle to the strong.</p>
<p>30. And the men of America answered the men of the<br />united provinces of Holland again, saying,</p>
<p>31. Why tempt ye us in the day or our distress, even<br />in the hour of bitter anguish, to forsake our dearly be-<br />loved brethren, and our lord the king?</p>
<p>32. Surely some deadly enemy towards the household<br />of our lord the king, and towards his family, must have<br />beguiled you with lies, touching our mother and our<br />brethren;</p>
<p>33. For until the men of Belial waxed numerous, and<br />powerful at <em>home</em>, we lived together in the most perfect<br />harmony.</p>
<p>34. We were drawn together with cords of love; we<br />were a constant comfort and support unto each other in<br />war and in peace.</p>
<p>35. But now an evil spirit hath gone forth for the de-<br />struction of us all.</p>
<p>36. And lo! It cometh from the <em>North.</em></p>
<p>37. Some put their trust in chariots, and some in<br />horses, but we will seek the Lord our God, and earnestly<br />beseech him not to harden the hearts of our lord the<br />king, and of our elder brethren, against us.</p>
<p>38. Peradventure the spirit of oppression may prevail,<br />but for a time; peradventure it may pass over as the pas-<br />sing of a heavy cloud.</p>
<p>39. And furthermore, wot we not that out of evil<br />sometimes cometh forth good.</p>
<p>40. But if it should please the Lord Jehovah to visit<br />us for our sins, and to punish us for our transgressions,<br />insomuch that should our elder brethren persist in vio-<br />lence, and should they bring an armed host against us,<br />to destroy or enslave us, our wives, our concubines, and<br />our little ones, to force away our flocks and our herds,</p>
<p>41. Then, but not till then, will we resist with the<br />arm of flesh; we will call for the sword of the Lord,<br />and of Gideon, and we will seal the covenant of freedom<br />with our blood.</p>
<p>42. Then, and not before, shall it be fulfilled as it was<br />written of the children of <em>Israel,</em> and we will say like<br />them,</p>
<p>43. “What portion have <em>we</em> in DAVID? What inhe-<br />ritance have <em>we</em> in the son of JESSE? Every man to your<br />tents, O <em>Israel;</em> and now, DAVID, see to thine own<br />house.”</p>
<p>44. And as to the rest of the acts of the men of Ameri-<br />ca, and the things that they did, their improvements in<br />the cunning arts and in manufactures, their wares, and<br />their traffic;</p>
<p>45. Lo! Are they not as yet written only in the book<br />of <em>fate?</em></p>
<p>BOSTON, <em>May 30.</em><br />The following ADDESS of the episcopal ministers and<br />wardens was presented to governor Hutchinson on<br />Monday last, at the castle:</p>
<p>Sir,</p>
<p>THE ministers of the episcopal churches of Boston,<br />and the neighboring towns, with as many of the <br />wardens as could conveniently attend, hearing of your<br />intention to embark in a short time for England, beg<br />leave to express our unfeigned gratitude for your gene-<br />rous attention and unwearied application to the impor-<br />tant interests of this province, in which your wisdom and<br />integrity have been equally conspicuous. If any of our<br />fellow citizens have viewed your administration in a less<br />favourable light, we are persuaded it must be owing to<br />some misapprehension of your excellency’s intentions.<br />But that which falls more immediately within our pro-<br />vince is the regard you have always paid to the interests<br />of religion, and the favourable notice you have taken of<br />the church in England, within your government. Be<br />pleased, sir, to accept this sincere testimony of our re-<br />spect and gratitude, together with our earnest prayers<br />that the divine blessing may attend you through the re-<br />maining stages of your life, and reward you with an<br />eternity of happiness in the life to come.</p>
<p><em>His excellency’s answer.</em></p>
<p>Gentlemen,</p>
<p>Whatever favourable notice I may have taken of the<br />church of England, the grateful return you have made,<br />in this mark of your respect, is alone an ample reward,<br />and will be an additional inducement to me, in whatever<br />station I may be the remaining part of my life, sincerely<br />to wish your prosperity, and to contribute every thing in<br />my power to the advancement of the interest of religion<br />among you.</p>
<p>On Saturday last a number of gentlemen waited on<br />our late governor, Mr. Hutchinson, and presented to<br />him the following address:</p>
<p><em>To governor</em> HUTCHINSON.</p>
<p>SIR,</p>
<p>We, merchants and traders of the town of Boston,<br />and others, do now wait on you, in the most respectful<br />manner, before your departure for England, to testify<br />for ourselves, the entire satisfaction we feel at your wise,<br />zealous, and faithful administration, during the few<br />years that you have presided at the head of this province.<br />Had your success been equal to your endeavours and to<br />the warmest wishes of your heart, we cannot doubt that<br />many of the evils under which we now suffer, would have<br />been averted, and that tranquility would have been re-<br />stored to this long divided province; but we assure our-<br />selves, that the want of success in those endeavours will<br />not abate your good wishes when removed from us, or<br />your earnest exertions still, on every occasion, to serve</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>the true interest of this your native country. While we<br />lament the loss of so good a governor, we are greatly re-<br />lieved that his majesty, in his gracious favour, hath ap-<br />pointed, as your successor, a gentleman who, having<br />distinguished himself in the long command he hath held<br />in another department, gives us the most favourable pre-<br />possession of his future administration. We greatly de-<br />plore the calamities that are impending and will soon fall<br />on this metropolis, by the operation of a late act of par-<br />liament for shutting up the port on the first of next<br />month: You cannot but be sensible, sir, of the number-<br />less evils that will ensue to the province in general, and<br />the miseries and distresses into which it will particularly<br />involve this town in the course of a few months. With-<br />out meaning to arraign the justice of the British parlia-<br />ment, we could humbly wish that this act had been<br />couched with less rigour, and that the execution of it<br />had been delayed to a more distant time, that the people<br />might have had the alternative, either to have complied<br />with the conditions therein set forth, or to have submit-<br />ed to the consequent evils, on refusal; but as it now<br />stands, all choice is precluded, and however disposed to<br />compliance or concession the people may be, they must<br />unavoidably suffer very great calamities before they can<br />receive relief. Making restitution for damage done to<br />for damage done to<br />the property of the East India company, or to the proper-<br />ty of any individual, by the outrage of the people, we ac-<br />knowledge to be just; and though we have ever disavow-<br />ed, and don now solemnly bear our testimony against such<br />lawless proceedings, yet considering ourselves as members<br />of the same community, we are fully disposed to bear<br />our proportions of those damages, whenever the sum<br />and the manner of laying it can be ascertained. We<br />earnestly request that you, sir, who know our condition,<br />and have at all times displayed the most benevolent dis-<br />position towards us, will, on your arrival in England,<br />interest yourself in our behalf, and make such favourable<br />representations of our case as that we may hope to obtain<br />speedy and effectual relief.----May you enjoy a plea-<br />sant passage to England; and under all the mortificati-<br />ons you have patiently endured, may you possess the<br />inward and consolatory testimonies of having discharged<br />your trust with fidelity and honour, and receive those<br />distinguishing marks of his majesty’s royal approbation<br />and favour, as may enable you to pass the remainder of<br />your life in quietness and ease, and preserve your name<br />with honour to posterity.----Signed by 125.</p>
<p><em>His excellency’s answer,</em></p>
<p>Gentlemen,</p>
<p>You may be assured that I have nothing so much at<br />heart as to contribute to the relief of my country in<br />general, and of the town of Boston in particular, from <br />the distresses which you have described so fully in your<br />address to me. Your persons and characters are so well<br />known to me that I am sure you wish to do what may<br />be necessary on your part, and your sentiments declared<br />in this open manner, together with your known dispo-<br />sition to promote peace and good order in the govern,<br />ment, will, I flatter myself, have a tendency to facilitate<br />the success of my endeavors. I entirely agree with you<br />in your just sentiments of his excellency the present go-<br />vernor, whose administration I hope you will strive to<br />make easy to himself as well as prosperous to the pro-<br />vince. I thank you for so warm, affectionate, and re-<br />spectful an address.</p>
<p>On Sunday last a number of gentlemen of the law<br />waited on our late governor with the following ad-<br />dress:</p>
<p><em>To his excellency governor Hutchinson.</em></p>
<p>SIR,</p>
A firm persuasion of your inviolable attachment to the<br />real interests of this your native country, and of your<br />constant readiness, by every service in your power, to<br />promote its true welfare and prosperity, will, we flatter<br />ourselves, render it not improper in us, barristers, and at-<br />tornies at law in the province of Massachusetts Bay, to <br />address your excellency upon your removal from us, with<br />this testimonial of our sincere respect and esteem. The<br />various important characters of legislator, judge, and<br />first magistrate over this province, in which, by the suf-<br />frages of your fellow subjects, and by the royal favour of<br />the best of kings, your great abilities, adorned with a <br />uniform purity of principle, and integrity of conduct,<br />have been eminently distinguished, must excite the esteem,<br />and demand the grateful acknowledgements, of every<br />true lover of his country, and friend to virtue. The pre-<br />sent perplexed state of our public affairs, we are sensible<br />must render your departure far less disagreeable to you<br />than it is to us. We assure you, sir, we feel the loss;<br />but when, in the amiable character of your successor, we<br />view a fresh instant of the paternal goodness of our most<br />gracious sovereign, when re reflect on the probability<br />that your presence at the court of Great Britain will<br />afford you an opportunity of employing your interest<br />more successfully for the relief of this province, and par-<br />ticularly of the town of Boston, under their present dis-<br />tresses, we find a consolation which no other human<br />source could afford. Permit us, sir, most earnestly to<br />solicit the exertion of all your distinguished abilities in<br />favour of your native town and country upon this truly<br />unhappy and distressing occasion. We sincerely wish you<br />a prosperous voyage, a long continuation of health and<br />felicity, and the highest rewards of the good and faith-<br />ful. We are, sir, with the utmost cordial affection,<br />esteem and respect, your excellency’s most obedient and<br />very humble servants.----Signed by 24.
<p><em>His excellency’s answer.</em></p>
<p>Gentlemen,</p>
<p>The relation to the bar which I stood in for many<br />years together makes this mark of your affection and<br />esteem peculiarly acceptable. I feel the distress coming<br />upon the town of Boston. I am confident nothing will<br />be wanting on your part which may tend to promote the<br />free course of law, and that peace and good order in<br />government which seems to have been made the condi-<br />tions of obtaining relief from this distress. You may be<br />assured that nothing shall be wanting on my part which<br />may tend to procure this relief for you as speedily and<br />effectually as may be. You certainly may be happy un-<br />der the administration of his excellency the present go-</p>
</div>
<div class="<column">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>vernor, and I have great reason to join with you in a<br />testimony to his amiable disposition and character.</p>
<p><em>June</em> 2. Yesterday captain Callahan sailed for London,<br />with whom went passengers his excellency governor<br />Hutchinson, Elisha Hutchinson, esquire, his second son,<br />and Miss Hutchinson, his excellency’s youngest daughter.</p>
<p>Yesterday arrived here from England several transports<br />with troops.</p>
<p>Thursday last arrived here his majesty’s ship Tarter,<br />captain Meadows, from Virginia.</p>
<p>On the 13th of May the towns of Hatfield, Whately,<br />and Williamsburg, met to make choice of a representative<br />to serve them in the general court for the year ensuing,<br />when Mr. John Dickinson was chosen by a majority of<br />votes. Then the towns proceeded to vote as an instructi-<br />on to their representative, that he would by no means<br />agree that the province pay for the tea destroyed by the<br /><em>Bostonian Mohawks,</em> or any part thereof, but use his ut-<br />most influence to the contrary.</p>
<p>Tell it in <em>Gath</em> publish it in <em>Askaton,</em> that the Boston<br />port bill, in all its parts, is now carrying into execution,<br />and that Boston is thereby put into greater distress, and<br />is more insulted by an English armament, than she ever<br />was by a French or Spanish fleet in the hottest war, when<br />left without one British ship for her protection. The<br />town is become a spectacle to <em>angels</em> and <em>men God<br />grant that it may not be intimidated by the present hor-<br />ror, to make a surrender of the rights of America, or in<br />any respect to dishonour herself in this day of trial and<br />perplexity.</em></p>
<p>We hear that boats from Charlestown, Winnesimit,<br />and other ferries, are stopped, and not so much as a<br />brick to mend our chimnies is suffered to be brought us.</p>
<p>The regiment on board the transports arrived yester-<br />day, we are informed, is the 4th, or king’s own, which<br />is to encamp on Boston common. We are now told that<br />this, or other regiments are hourly expected. One is<br />to relieve that at Halifax.</p>
<p>Yesterday his excellency governor Gage, attended by<br />the secretary of the province and other gentlemen, set<br />out for Salem.</p>
<p>Thousands in this town, who cannot <em>discern</em> between<br />the right hand and the left, are by the Boston port bill<br />involved in the general calamity. May their cries enter<br />into the ear of that potentate who delighteth himself in<br />mercy.>/p></p>
<p>Yesterday three transports with troops on board ar-<br />rived at Nantasket road from England.</p>
<p>Business was finished at the customhouse at 12 o’clock<br />yesterday noon, and this harbour is shut against all vessels<br />bound hither, and on the 15th instant none will be allow-<br />ed to depart hence.<em>Be it ever remembered, to thy grief<br />and shame, O Britain!</em></p>
<p>His majesty’s ships, frigates, and schooners, are now<br />placed in such a manner in Boston harbour, as to prevent<br />any vessels going out, or coming in, agreeable to the act<br />of parliament for blocking up the said harbour, which<br />took place yesterday; so that we have reason to expect in<br />a little time the town of BOSTON will be truly in a<br />distressed and melancholy situation. God send us speedy<br />relief!</p>
<p>NEW YORK, <em>June </em>9.</p>
<p>IT may be depended upon that Mr. William Jones, of<br />Bristol, intending this summer for Boston, engaged<br />a ship, and went down to the manufacturing towns to<br />engage a cargo for her to bring out with him; and on<br />his return homewards, he met with the Boston port bill,<br />which influenced him, at considerable expence, to con-<br />tradict all orders. These disappointments, with the many<br />countermands and letters declarative of the present dis-<br />position of the colonists in general, must throw the ma-<br />nufacturers into a worse consternation than any thing<br />of the kind that has ever yet happened; as all ranks and<br />degrees of men can now plainly perceive the designs of<br />administration.</p>
<p>We have the pleasure to assure our readers, that as<br />far as our intelligence has hitherto extended (since the<br />news of the Boston port bill) that is, from New Hampshire<br />to Williamsburg in Virginia, it appears, by all our let-<br />ters and advices, that all our colonies breathe the same<br />spirit, and seem actuated by one soul; and that it appears<br />to be the general sentiment, that the man is unworthy<br />the name of an English American who would hesitate<br />one moment to prefer death to this slavish subjection de-<br />manded by the ministry and parliament of Great Britain.<br /><em>Extract of a letter from</em> Boston, <em>dated</em> May 21, <em>to sun<br />ry gentlemen in</em> New York.</p>
<p>On the receipt of your letter by express on advice<br />of the late tyrannical acts of parliament, we of the com-<br />mittee speedily assembled and feasted on the welcome re-<br />past; a general joy spread through the whole city, who<br />had the most pleasing resentment of the noble and patri-<br />otic generosity of our worthy brethren in New York,<br />who even prevented our solicitations for assistance. We<br />are in the most assiduous and vigorous motion here, have<br />sent circular letters to every town and district in the pro-<br />vince, and though we have not had time to receive an-<br />swers from distant towns, we have this day received from<br />an inland town a full declaration of their resolution to<br />stand by us with their lives and fortunes; another topic<br />for Wedderburne to harangue upon! The British mer-<br />chants themselves have already begun to anticipate our<br />non-importation agreement, which will be confirmed by<br />a brig which sailed yesterday for London, with counter-<br />mands and letters enough, expressive of the general sense<br />of the colonies, as far as we have been able to collect it.<br />The friends of government (or rather despotism) here,<br />finding their patron Hutchinson in the deepest distress,<br />have been handing about an address to him, applauding<br />his virtue and public spirit, declaring his letters quite<br />harmless, and imploring his intercession with his majesty<br />on their behalf, at least that the port might be opened,<br />some of them having talked loudly of giving largely to<br />East India company’s tea; but this project drags heavily,<br />notwithstanding Mr. Hutchinson sent word to the town,<br />that in case they would pay only the first cost of the tea,<br />he would engage that every thing else should be made</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 3</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Colunm 1</h6>
<p>easy. They absolutely tremble with a dread of the junc-<br />tion of the colonies, and a suspension of trade with Great<br />Britain, which, at this critical season, must bury the<br />authors of this complicated, treasonable conspiracy,<br />against the peace and security of the nation, in the ruins<br />of their own scheme. It is given out here, by some of<br />the crew, that your chamber of commerce have written<br />letters to Chambers, offering if he will be easy, and re-<br />turn, they will pay him for his tea, and provide him the<br />command of a good ship. But this report gains no cre-<br />dit here.”</p>
<p>Last Monday evening the committee of correspondence<br />met, when they read and answered the dispatches brought<br />by Mr. Cornelius Bradford from Boston. Next Monday<br />they will assemble again, after which, it is hoped, their<br />proceedings will be puplished, for the information of<br />their constituents; the times are critical, and big with<br />interesting events, which has occasioned the committee of<br />correspondence at Philadelphia to promulgate their let-<br />ter to Boston, and such other proceedings as were judged<br />necessary for the satisfaction of the public,</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from one of the members of the house<br />of assembly of New Jersey, and one of the committee of<br />correspondence which consists of nine members, dated June 2, 1774.</em></p>
<p>”I returned yesterday from New Brunswick, where<br />six of our committee met. We answered the Boston<br />letters, informing them that we look on New Jersey as<br />eventually in the same predicament with Boston, and<br />that we will do every thing which may be generally a-<br />greed on. We have signed a request to the governor to<br />call the general assembly, to meet at such times as his<br />excellency may think proper, before the first of August<br />next. Our committee is well disposed in the cause of<br />American freedom.”</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from Philadelphia, dated</em> June 2.</p>
<p>Yesterday we had a pause in the business of this city,<br />and a solemn pause indeed it was; if we except the<br /><em>Friends,</em> I believe nine tenths of the citizens shut up<br />their houses. The bells were rang muffled all the day,<br />and the ships in the port had their colours half hoisted.”<br /><em>Extract of another letter from Philadelphia, dated</em> June 4.</p>
<p>”I pity our brethren in Boston, they are very severely<br />punished; but some of their friends here, and I fear with<br />you also, are too warm, and to serve them seem wil-<br />ling to draw us into the same dilemma; but surely this<br />is not the way to serve the general cause. We can be of<br />more use to our brethren when <em>whole</em> than when <em>broken,</em><br />and I cannot let go my hopes that we may, by a joint<br />petition of our rights to the crown, prevent things from<br />going to extremities, and get Boston restored to the same<br />liberties with the other colonies; but some wish to push<br />all things into confusion. With them I can never join,<br />while any other expedient is left. Our letter to Boston<br />is a moderate one, yet <em>warm</em> and <em>firm</em> enough. You<br />have do doubt seen it, as a copy was sent to your com-<br />mittee, who are of our sentiments, and I hope will con-<br />tinue cool.”</p>
<p>We hear that Francis Masseres, esquire, late attorney<br />general of Quebec, and now one of the barons of the<br />exchequer, has wrote a pamphlet upon the necessity of a<br />representation of the American colonies in the parliament<br />of Great Britain, of which we may probably give some<br />account very soon.</p>
<p>A fort is already laid out, and to be immediately con-<br />structed, at Crown Point, in the room of the old one<br />lately burnt down.</p>
<p>Saturday last, being the anniversary of his majesty’s<br />birth day, when he entered the 37th year of his age,<br />at 12 o’clock his excellency general Haldimand, attended<br />by a number of gentlemen, walked to the common, where<br />they were received by a royal salute from the train of<br />artillery, and the royal Welch fusileers, then under<br />arms, after which his excellency returned to his residence,<br />where his majesty’s and other loyal healths were drank,<br />under the discharge of a royal salute from Fort George,<br />his majesty’s shop Swan, James Ayseough, esquire, com-<br />mander, and sundry other vessels in the harbour. The<br />Swan man of war made a beautiful appearance, adorned<br />with a fine variety of colours. In the evening some very<br />curious fireworks were exhibited, and the city was very<br />handsomely illuminated.</p>
<p>The committee of correspondence for the city of New-<br />York have ordered circular letters to be sent to the super-<br />visors of the several counties within this colony, re-<br />questing them to communicate the same to the several<br />inhabitants.</p>
<p>On the 17th of last month a very awful shock of an<br />earthquake was felt at Cape Nichola Mole</p>
<p>By accounts from St. Christopher’s, we learn that<br />admiral Parry, with is squadron, were at Crab Island,<br />which gave the governor of St. John De Porto Rico<br />such umbrage, that he would not supply the fleet from<br />his territories with any fresh provisions, although ao-<br />plied to.</p>
<p>We hear from Anguilla, that there has been a great<br />mortality in that island, which has carried off a number<br />of the inhabitants, among the rest his honour lieutenant<br />governor Roberts. That island ahs been remarkably<br />unhealthy since the two Spanish ships were stranded on<br />that coast.</p>
<p>When the principle people of Marblehead and Boston<br />received information that some of the mercenary inhabi-<br />tants had addressed governor Hutchinson, they <em>hissed</em><br />them, and shewed every other mark of disapprobation.</p>
<p>PHILADELPHIA, <em>June 9,</em></p>
<p>AS many people are desirous of knowing what steps<br />were taken by the inhabitants of this city, on the<br />late application made to them by their brethren of Boston<br />upon receiving the act of parliament for shutting up their<br />general concern to the liberties of all, the inhabitants of<br />the different counties of his province should be made ac-<br />quainted with the proceedings of the metropolis, that<br />they may approve or dissent from them, as they shall<br />see cause, you are therefore requested to publish the<br />following articles, viz.----At a meeting of between two<br />and three hundred of the respectable inhabitants of the<br />city of Philadelphia, at the city tavern, on Friday even-<br />night, May 20, 1774, agreed, that a committee be ap-<br />pointed to correspond with our sister colonies; that John</p>
</div>
<div class="column">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>Dickinson, esquire, William Smith, D. D.* Edward<br />Pennington,* Joseph Fox, John Nixon,*John M. Nesbit,<br />Samuel Howell.* Thomas Mifflin,* Joseph Reade, Tho-<br />mas Wharton, junior,*Benjamin Marshall, Joseph<br />Moulder,* Thomas Barclay,* George Clymer,* Charles<br />Thomson,* Jeremiah Warder, junior,* John Cox,* John<br />Gibson,* and Thomas Penrose, compose the committee<br />of correspondence until an alteration is made by a more<br />general meeting of the inhabitants; that the committee<br />be instructed to write to the people of Boston, that we<br />truly feel for their unhappy situation, that we consider<br />them as suffering in the general cause, that we recom-<br />mend to them firmness, prudence, and moderation, and<br />that we shall continue to evince our firm adherence to<br />the cause of American liberty; that the above resolutions<br />be transmitted by the committee to the other colonies;<br />that the committee be instructed to apply to the governor<br />to call the assembly of the province; that they be autho-<br />rised to call a meeting of the inhabitants when necessary.<br />On the day following, those gentlemen of the committee,<br />whose names are marked thus*, having met, the follow-<br />ing letter was drawn up and signed by them, to be im-<br />mediately forwarded by Mr. Paul Revere to Boston;<br />copies of it have also been transmitted to New York, and<br />most of the southern colonies. The gentlemen of the<br />committee who did not attend at the first meeting were<br />prevented by necessary business, but the proceedings of<br />that meeting have been since fully approved by them.<br /><em>A letter from the committee of the city of Philadelphia to<br />the committee of Boston, sent by Mr. Paul Revere, May<br />21, 1774.</em></p>
<p>Gentlemen,</p>
<p>”We have received your very interesting letter, toge-<br />ther with another from the town of Boston, and the vote<br />they have passed on the present alarming occasion; and<br />such measures have been pursued thereon as the shortness<br />of the time will allow. To collect the sense of this large<br />city is difficult, and when their sense is obtained, they<br />must not consider themselves as authorized to judge or<br />act for this populous province in a business so deeply in-<br />teresting as the present is to all British America. A very<br />respectable number of the inhabitants of this city was,<br />however, assembled last evening, in order to consult what<br />was proper to be done; and after reading the sundry<br />papers you transmitted to us, and also a letter from the<br />committee of correspondence at New York, the enclosed<br />resolves were passed, in which you may be assured we<br />are sincere and that you are considered as suffering in<br />the general cause. But what further advice to offer on<br />this sad occasion is a matter of the greatest difficulty,<br />which not only requires more mature deliberation, but<br />also that we should take the necessary measures to obtain<br />the general sentiments of our fellow inhabitants of this<br />province, as well as our sister colonies. If satisfying the<br />East India company for the damage they have sustained<br />would put an end to this unhappy controversy, and leave<br />us on the footing of constitutional liberty for the future,<br />it is presumed, that neither you nor we could continue a<br />a moment in doubt what part to act; for it is not the value<br />of the tea, but the indfeasible right of giving and grant-<br />ing our own money, a right from which we never can<br />recede, that is the matter now in consideration. By<br />what means the truly desirable circumstances of a recon-<br />ciliation and future harmony with our mother coun-<br />try on constitutional grounds may be obtained is indeed<br />a weighty question; whether by the method you have<br />suggested of a non-importation and non-exportation a-<br />greement, or by a general congress of deputies from the<br />different colonies, clearly to state what we conceive our<br />rights, and to make a claim or petition of them to his<br />majesty, in firm but decent and dutiful terms, so as that<br />we may know by what line to conduct ourselves in fu-<br />ture, are now the great points to be determined. The<br />latter we have reason to think would be most agreeable<br />to the people of this province, and the first step that<br />ought to be taken; the former may be reserved as our<br />last resource, should the other fail, which we trust will<br />not be the case, as many wise and good men in the<br />mother country begin to see the necessity of a good un-<br />derstanding with the colonies, upon the general plan of<br />liberty as well as commerce. We shall endeavour as soon<br />as possible to collect the sentiments of the people of this<br />province and the neighboring colonies on these grand<br />questions, and should also be glad to know your senti-<br />ments thereon. In the mean time, with sincere fellow<br />feelings of your sufferings, and great regard to your per-<br />sons, we are, gentlemen, yours, &c.”</p>
<p><em>The ACCOUNT between BRITAIN and her COLONIES<br />candidly stated.</em></p>
<p>AMERICA stands clearly indebted to Britain for her<br />original existence, for her happy constitution, for<br />the lenient and tender indulgence and support extended<br />to her in her infancy for the protection of her territories<br />and her commerce when invaded hostiley by an usurping<br />power, for establishing her limits on a solid and perma-<br />ment basis, immovable and incontrovertible, and for<br />extending her possessions at an enormous expence, for<br />undertaking a long, bloody, and expensive war, in sup-<br />port of her rights, and the future security of her proper-<br />ty and trade, for securing a foreign market for such of<br />her commodities as the British dominions cannot con-<br />sume, and for the annual expences of supporting a go-<br />vernment, and military establishments, in the provinces<br />and islands in America. On the other side of the account,<br />Great Britain is indebted to her colonies in America for<br />the consumption of her manufactures, for immense sums<br />arising from duties and excise on the commodities of<br />America, for the balance which the American production-<br />ons, exported to foreign countries, bring in favour of<br />Britain, for the consumption of India goods, which <br />leave a considerable revenue in duties, and great gains<br />behind, for the gains arising by the African trade, for<br />the nursery of able mariners that are raised by the vast<br />navigation carried on between Britain and America; but<br />above all for the influence and consideration which the<br />extensive and populous dominions of Britain in America<br />give her with other states, as a martial, powerful, and<br />commercial nation. Without the support of Britain,<br />America must become tributary to some other nation;<br />without America, Britain would cease to be an opulent,<br />powerful nation; their interests are inseparable and their</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>separation is incompatible with their natural ideas and<br />high notions of liberty and freedom, in the pure, unadul-<br />terated sense, in which antient, not modern, patriots<br />have conceived them. Thus circumstanced, Britain<br />should confirm to America her original privileges and<br />immunities without blemish; her powers of distinct le-<br />gislation and taxation, under the immediate control of<br />the crown and its governors; the trade and navigation<br />of America should be so limited as to make the same<br />mutually useful; America should look up to Britain for<br />defence and protection, and for the encouragement of<br />her trade, and good government of her police; America<br />must abandon her illicit trade with Holland and France,<br />and receive such necessaries of life and conveniency as her<br />industry and her fertile soil have not yet produced, from<br />Britain, Ireland, and her sister colonies; America must,<br />by her own special act, bear a proportional part of the<br />expenses of government; America and Britain must con-<br />clude that their interests and security are inseparable; and<br />they must look upon the promoters of seditious sentiments<br />to revive dissentions, and lead their affections astray from<br />each other, as enemies to both, and tools to foreign<br />powers.</p>
<p>The protest of part of the people of Annapolis against<br />the resolves lately entered into by that city.</p>
<p>To the <em>PRINTERS.</em></p>
<p><em>Annapolis,</em> May 30, 1774.</p>
<p>A PUBLICATION of the enclosed protest, support-<br />ed by a considerable number of the inhabitants of<br />the city of Annapolis, will, it is presumed, furnish the<br />most authentic grounds for determining the sense of the<br />majority on a question of the last importance.</p>
<p>We whose names are subscribed, inhabitants of the<br />city of Annapolis, conceive it our clear right, and most in-<br />cumbent duty, to express our cordial and explicit disap-<br />probation of a resolution, which was carried by 47 against<br />31 at the meeting held on the 27th instant. The resolu-<br />tion against which we protest in the face of the world is<br />the following: “That it is the opinion of this meet-<br />ing that the gentlemen of the law of this province bring<br />no suit for the recovery of any debt, due from any inha-<br />bitant of this province to any inhabitant of Great Britain<br />until the said act be repealed.” Dissentient, because we<br />are impressed with a full conviction that this resolution<br />is founded in teachery and rashness, inasmuch as it is<br />big with bankruptcy and ruin to those inhabitants of<br />Great Britain, who relying with unlimited security on<br />our good faith and integrity, have made us masters of<br />their fortunes; condemning them unheard for not having<br />interposed their influence with parliament in favour of<br />the town of Boston, without duly weighing the force<br />with which that influence would probably have operated,<br />or whether, in their conduct, they were actuated by wis-<br />dom and policy, or by <em>corruption</em> and <em>avarice.</em> Because<br />whilst the inhabitants of Great Britain are partially des-<br />poiled of every legal remedy to recover what is justly due<br />to them, nor provision is made to prevent us from being<br />harassed by the persecution of internal suits, but our<br />fortunes and persons are left at the mercy of domestic<br />creditors, without a possibility of extricating ourselves,<br />unless by a general convulsion; an event, in the con-<br />templation of sober reason, replete with horror. Because<br />our credit as a commercial people will expire under the<br />wound; for what confidence can possibly be reposed in<br />those who shall have exhibited the most avowed and most<br />stirking proof, that they are not to be bound by obligati-<br />ons as sacred as human invention can suggest?</p>
<p>ADVERTISEMENT.<br />To be SOLD cheap, for ready money<br />A FOUR WHEELED SULKEY,<br /><em>for a single horse; also a horse for<br />the saddle or chaise, but would best suit a<br />lady’s riding. Enquire of the printer.</em></p>
<p>PHILADELPHIA NEWS CONTINUED.</p>
<p><em>June</em>13. On Wednesday last the following petition<br />was presented:<br />To the honourable John Penn, esquire, governor and<br />commander in chief in and over the province of Penn-<br />sylvania, &c.<br />The petition of sundry inhabitants of the province of<br />Pennsylvania,</p>
<p><em>Humbly sheweth</em></p>
<p>That since the recess of the assembly of this province,<br />the proceedings of the British parliament towards Ame-<br />rica, and particularly an act lately passed against the<br />town of Boston, have filled the minds of your petitioners<br />and others, their fellow subjects, with deep anxiety and<br />concern; that your petitioners apprehend the design of<br />this act is to compel the Americans to acknowledge the<br />right of parliament to impose taxes upon them at plea-<br />sure; that the precedent of condemning a whole town<br />or city unheard, and involving all its inhabitants, of<br />every age and sex, and however different in political<br />sentiment or action, in one common ruin, gives universal<br />alarm. Deeply impressed with these sentiments, and at<br />the same time solicitous to preserve peace, order, and<br />tranquility, we do earnestly entreat the governor to call<br />the assembly of the province as soon as it can convenient-<br />ly be done, that they may have an opportunity not only<br />to devise measures to compose and relieve the anxieties of<br />the people, but to restore that harmony and peace be-<br />tween the mother country and the colonies, which has<br />been of late so much and so unhappily interrupted. And<br />your petitioners shall ever pray, &c.------Signed by<br />near nine hundred respectable freeholders, in and near<br />the city of Philadelphia.</p>
<p><em>To which his excellency was pleased to return the<br />following answer.</em></p>
<p>Gentlemen,</p>
<p>Upon all occasions, when the peace, order, and tran-<br />quility, of the province require it, I shall be ready to<br />convene the assembly; but as that does not appear to be<br />the case at present, I cannot think such a step would be<br />expedient or consistent with my duty.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>Last Thursday evening about twelve hundred mecha-<br />nics of this city and suburbs assembled at the statehouse,<br />to hear a letter and other papers read, from the mecha-<br />nics of the city of New York, and to form such resoluti-<br />ons as should be judged proper for their future conduct<br />at this most alarming and critical time, when American<br />liberty is so deeply wounded, and her rights so unjustly<br />invaded, by levying taxes on us without our consent for<br />the purpose of raising a revenue, and for refusing pay-<br />ment of those illegal taxes, blocking up with divers ships<br />of war the port and town of Boston, thereby most un-<br />justly depriving that once flourishing town of its whole<br />trade, the inhabitants of their private property, and the<br />labouring poor of the means of subsisting themselves and<br />families. These proceedings of the parent state against<br />her American children call aloud upon all Americans to<br />assemble, consult, and determine firmly, to pursue such<br />measures for their own and neighbours future security as<br />shall be judged most likely to avert the present calamity,<br />and secure to them the perfect enjoyment of their liber-<br />ties and properties upon a fixed and lasting foundation;<br />for which purpose the mechanics of this city did propose,<br />and intend at this meeting to form, such resolutions, to<br />co-operate with the committee of merchants, and to<br />strengthen their hands, as will convince the world Ame-<br />ricans were born and determine to live free, and that<br />they never will be slaves; that liberty is their birthright;<br />they cannot, they will not give it up. But since the<br />sending out the hand bills for calling this great assem-<br />ly, information was received that the present committee<br />have sent expresses to all the southern colonies for their<br />advice on this alarming occasion, and returns to those<br />expresses are expected in a very few days. That the com-<br />mittee had determined to call a general meeting of all<br />the inhabitants in the city and county, to be held here<br />next Wednesday, the 15th instant, at 3 o’clock in the<br />afternoon, then to chuse one grand joint committee to<br />correspond with the committees of the neighbouring<br />provinces, and to adopt such measures, to be pursued<br />by all as their united wisdom shall direct: Wherefore<br />it is judged best at present to omit going into particular<br />resolutions, or appointing a particular committee to re-<br />present the mechanics, as the grand general meeting is<br />so near at hand.</p>
<p>As it was judged there would not be sufficient time to<br />give proper notice to the county, it was agreed, on Sa-<br />turday last, by the committee and a number of the most<br />respectable inhabitants called to advise on the present<br />occasion, that the general meeting be postponed to Sa-<br />turday next, at or near the statehouse, at three o’clock,<br />P. M. at which time and place the inhabitants of this<br />city and county, qualified to vote for representatives, are<br />desired to attend, in order to take into their considerati-<br />on on certain propositions prepared to be laid before them.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from Pittsuburg, dated </em> May 30.</p>
<p>”I arrived here last Wednesday with Messieurs Dun-<br />can and Wilson, guarded by a party of Delawares, who<br />treated us with a great deal of kindness, and gave us<br />great reason to think they mean nothing but peace and<br />friendship from all their actions. The Shawanese have<br />raised 20 warriors to strike the Virginians, who were to<br />set off last Monday. I fear all the traders are killed at<br />the Shawanese towns, as there was a party of Mingoes<br />gathered for that purpose. I am of opinion it will be a<br />general Indian war, though colonel Croghan thinks the<br />matter will be settled in a short time.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from</em> Bedford, <em>dated</em> May 30.</p>
<p>”I suppose you have heard of the Indians being killed<br />at Whaling; since that time Indian White Eyes, Mr.<br />Duncan, and Mr. Saunderson, who were sent down the<br />river from Fort Pitt, in order to accommodate matters<br />with the Shawanese, are returned, but had hard work<br />to get back. The Delawares who at present seem to be<br />friends, had enough to do to save their lives, and as to<br />the poor traders down among the Shawanese, no person<br />can tell whether they are dead or alive. White Eyes, on<br />his return to Fort Pitt, said the Shawanese were for war,<br />and that 40 odd of them are at present out, intending a<br />stroke, as is supposed, at some part of Virginia. The<br />Delawares say they will not go to war; but there is no<br />dependence on them; we expect every day to hear of their<br />striking in some quarter. It is lamentable to see the mul-<br />titudes of poor people that are hourly running down the<br />country; such of them as stay are building forts. God<br />knows how it will turn out with them. We intend, as<br />soon as we hear of any damage being done, to erect for-<br />tifications here. The Shawanese themselves day that<br />they have nothing against Pennsylvania, but only Virgi-<br />nia; ‘though we may depend as soon as they strike Vir-<br />ginia, they will also fall on us.”</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, June 23.</p>
<p>An address of thanks to the reverend Mr. William<br />McKay, rector of Northampton parish, in the county of<br />Richmond.</p>
<p>REVEREND SIR,</p>
<p>WE his majesty’s most dutiful and loyal subjects, the<br />inhabitants of Northampton parish, deeply im-<br />pressed with the highest sentiments of gratitude, humbly<br />beg leave thus publicly to return you our sincere and<br />unfeigned acknowledgements, for the truly spirited and<br />patriotic sermon you was pleased this day to deliver<br />from your pulpit.</p>
<p>The Neptune, Punderson, is arrived in York river.</p>
<p>We have likely received several pieces and would<br />most willingly oblige their different authors; but the<br />very great length of some of them will, we hope, apolo-<br />gize for our not giving them a speedy publication.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, June 20, 1774.</p>
<p>LOST, a WARRANT, under the hand and seal of<br />his excellency the earl of Dunmore, granted to<br />Edward Wilkinson, and by him assigned to me, for 200<br />acres of land in Augusta, on the western waters, directed<br />to the surveyor of that county. Any person that will<br />deliver the same to Mr. James Southall, of this city, or<br />to me, in Berkeley county, shall have 20s. The public<br />are hereby warned against taking a conveyance of the<br />said warrant; and the several surveyors are requested to<br />observe this advertisement. 2+ R. RUTHERFORD.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>To be SOLD, at public auction, at Westmoreland court-<br />house, on Tuesday the 27th day of September, being<br />Westmoreland court day,</p>
<p>TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born SLAVES.<br />Credit will be allowed until the 10th of November<br />following, on giving bond and good security. The<br />bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually<br />discharged. tdf RICHARD PARKER.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, by execution, for ready money, at<br />Ayett’s warehouse, on Wednesday the 13th of July,<br />TWENTY seven likely VIRGINIA born NEGROES,<br />consisting of men, women, boys, and girls, the<br />estate of col. James Quarles, deceased, to satisfy three<br />judgments, obtained in York court by the executors of<br />Philip W. Claiborne, deceased.<br />2 GOODRICH CRUMP, S. Sheriff.</p>
<p>ON Friday the 15th of August next will be SOLD,<br />at Chesterfield courthouse, to the highest bidder,<br />for ready money, by virtue of a deed of trust, from<br />Thomas Branch, deceased, to John Pankey, Bernard<br />Markham, and Robert Goode, a tract of LAND, in<br />Chesterfield county, about nine miles from Manchester<br />town, containing 150 acres. 3 JOHN PANKEY.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,</p>
<p>A TRACT of LAND in Gloucester county,<br />Petsworth parish, containing 1170 acres, lying<br />upon Poropotank river, and convenient to fish and<br />Oysters. The plantation is in good order for cropping<br />has a valuable dwelling house upon it, all necessary out-<br />houses, barns, orchards, &c. and a mill upon an excel-<br />lent stream of water. Also 2675 3/4 of land in the same<br />county and parish, which will be sold in lots to suit pur-<br />chasers. Application is to be made to the next general<br />assembly for an act to dock the intail of the above lands.<br />They will be shewn by Mr. Lewis Booker, of whom the<br />terms may be known.</p>
<p>TO BE SOLD,</p>
<p>A TRACT of LAND, containing 1600 acres,<br />in the county of Dunmore, on both sides the<br />North river Shanandoah, and in the forks of Smith’s<br />creek and the said river; about 400 acres are low grounds,<br />part of which cost the subscriber 3l. per acre; the rest is<br />level, and well calculated for farming. There is on the<br />premises a dwelling house, 38 by 32 feet, 5 rooms on<br />the lower floor, and 4 fire places, 3 rooms above, with<br />a good cellar, a storehouse, smith’s shop, kitchen, quarter,<br />a large barn, stables, and all other outhouses, with about<br />20 acres of good timothy meadow now in grass, and 100<br />acres more may be made. One half of the purchase<br />money will be expected when a title is made, and exten-<br />sive credit for the remainder.<br />3+ B. HARRISON.</p>
<p>AS I purpose giving up the charge of the store now<br />under my management at Petersburg, on account<br />of Mess. William Cuningham and company, of Glasgow,<br />to Mr. Alexander Hanburgh, on the 1st of September<br />next, I beg the favour of all those who have had dealings<br />with me on account of the above mentioned company,<br />to settle their accounts before that time, and grant bond,<br />or some other specialty, that no dispute may arise there-<br />after. The store will be supplied with goods, and carried<br />on to the same extent as usual, by Mr. Hanburgh.<br />3 THOMAS GORDON.</p>
<p>THE different creditors of the late Mr. Augustine<br />Smith, of Middlesex, deceased, by forthwith<br />sending states of their several accounts, either to J.<br />Ambler, esquire, in York, or to col. William Churchill,<br />in Middlesex, will much oblige their humble servant,<br />2 JOHN SMITH.</p>
<p>THE clearing the Seven Island falls, in James river,<br />will be let to the lowest bidder, on the 3d Thurs-<br />day in August next, at which time any person inclinable<br />to undertake the same may depend on meeting a sufficient<br />number of trustees at the place, who will pay down one<br />half of the money, upon the undertaker’s giving bond<br />and security for the performance of the same.</p>
<p>LANDED from Liverpool, four BALES, marked C I.<br />The owner may have them on paying the charges<br />to ISSAC YOUNGHUSBAND, who has for sale a parcel of<br />low priced Irish LINENS.</p>
<p>A SOBER, diligent young man, who can write a<br />tolerable good hand, would willingly engage with<br />any merchant as a clerk. Any one wanting such a per-<br />son may hear of him by applying to the printer hereof.</p>
<p>STRAYED, or stolen, from Mr. Edward Walker’s, in<br />Dinwiddie, on the 20th of April last, a small bay<br />horse, with a hanging mane and switch tail, shod before,<br />trots and gallops, and is branded on the near buttock S,<br />or a figure of 8; the under part of his mane, on the off<br />side, is cut, by reason of its thickness, on the near side<br />is a kind of a feather, beginning about half the root of<br />the mane, and continues to the ear; he is 6 or 7 years<br />old. Whoever conveys him to the said Mr. Walker<br />shall receive 5 dollars reward, and if to me, in Williams-<br />burg, ten dollars. 3 JOSEPH CRAWLEY.</p>
<p><em>We received</em> THREE SHILLINGS <em>with the following<br />advertisement, which is the principal reason for our insert-<br />ing it. In order that it may not lose any of its</em> merit, <em>the<br />reader has it</em> verbatim.<br />TUMBLING TOM</p>
<p>NOW Rising 8 years 13 hands and 1 Inch High<br />Stands This Season at Calloden & will Cover mares<br />at 5s. the leap and 3s. 9d. the Season his Coular nor pe-<br />digree ant Worth mentioning I will not be accountable<br />for any Mares that Shall be Lost for I have no pasteridge<br />(Some Gentlemens Cureosety may lead them So fare as<br />to be desirous of knowing What his Name derive from<br />Which may be done in a few Words that is when Rod<br />he often Tips all nice a& follows the bole.+ H. L{illegible; smudged) e</p>
<p>TO BE SOLD,</p>
<p>THE noted and well accustomed TAVERN, at pre-<br />sent occupied by the subscriber lying in James<br />City county, about 15 miles from Williamsburg, on the<br />main road leading to New Kent courthouse and Ruffin’s<br />ferry, with 500 acres of land in good order for cropping,<br />and 6 fields under good fence. The terms of payment<br />will be made easy by the subscriber.<br />THOMAS DONCASTLE.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p><em>For LIVERPOOL,</em></p>
<p>THE ship Greenwood, Mackey Reed, master. loads<br />at Norfolk, has two thirds of her cargo already<br />engaged, can take 200 hogsheads of tobacco, on liberty<br />of consignment. Any gentleman inclined to ship by her<br />will please to send their orders either to Mr. Richard<br />Taylor, of Petersburg, Mr. Richard Squire Taylor, in<br />King William, or to us, at Norfolk.<br />GREENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH.</p>
<p>THE debtors to Messieurs Perkins, Buchanan, and<br />Brown, late of London, merchants, having paid<br />no regard to a former advertisement I think it expedi-<br />ent to call on them in this manner once more to request<br />payment of their debts to me, as attorney of the assignees<br />under the commission of bankrupt. I am advised, that<br />under this commission, which issued the 5th of August,<br />1773, every interest Mess. Perkins and company then had<br />become vested in the assignees of their effects; that the<br />assignments to Mess. Barlow and company, and Mess.<br />Holland and company, of January and April 1773, be-<br />ing executed by Perkins and Brown alone, were for that<br />reason (without offering any other) incompleat and su-<br />perseded by the assignment, under the commission afore-<br />said; and that payments and engagements to pay to Mess.<br />Barlow and company, and Mess. Holland and company,<br />under colour of their respective assignments, are abso-<br />lutely void, and that the assignees under the commission<br />have yet a right at law to recover all the debts due to<br />Mess. Perkins ad company. But to remove all object-<br />ons, I will indemnify every person for what I shall re-<br />receive of them for debts contracted with Mess. Perkins,<br />Buchanan, and Brown. CHARLES YATES.<br />To be SOLD, and entered on the 1st of September next,</p>
<p>THE only <em>TAVERN</em> in the town of Manchester,<br />at the falls of James river, with every convenience<br />for a public house; several of the out houses are newly<br />finished. Besides the houses used for the tavern, there<br />is a good new house, well finished, with a room below,<br />and 2 above, where the family may live quite retired,<br />and a large garden newly paled in, with 5 or 6 acres of<br />land, which runs above 300 feet on the main street in a<br />valuable part of the town, and capable of improvements.<br />At this tavern are constantly boarded 20 gentlemen at 25l.<br />each per ann. Besides servants. Long credit will be given<br />for part of the purchase money, giving bond, with ap-<br />proved security. 3* BETTY TODD, junior,<br />To be sold, to the highest bidder, on the 1st day of Sep-<br />tember next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, and<br />entered upon at Christmas.</p>
<p>A PLEASANT seat upon Potowmack river, late the<br />property of Richard Foote, deceased. It lies in<br />the lower parish of Stafford county, contains 200 acres<br />of high level ground, and the same quantity of fine firm<br />marsh, has a convenient dwellinghouse of four rooms on<br />a floor, many necessary outhouses, and a good peach and<br />apple orchard, thereon. For fish and wild fowl, few<br />places, within many miles, are equal to it. The sale<br />will be on the premises, and twelve months credit will be<br />allowed, on giving bond, with approved security; the<br />bond to carry interest from the date, if not punctually<br />discharged. Five per cent. discount will be allowed for<br />ready money, and an indisputable title will be made by<br /><em>William Stuart,</em><br /><em>Richard Foote,,</em><br /><em>George Foote,</em></p>
<p>WANTED, as a clerk for the church of Richmond<br />town, a sober man, of a good character, that reads<br />and sings well, and understands teaching psalmody; he will<br />meet with great encouragement, besides what is allowed<br />by the vestry. For further particulars apply to the church-<br />wardens, or Samuel Du Val, near Richmond. 2+</p>
<p>I FIND it necessary to give this public notice, that<br />Jasper Mauduit Gidley was dismissed from being my<br />collector in September last, and that no receipts given<br />by the said Gidley for money on my account, since that<br />time, will be allowed by me; and I request the favour of<br />the gentlemen of the law, in the different counties, to<br />retain in their own hands any bonds or accounts of mine<br />delivered them by the said Gidley, either before or after<br />September last, and be kind enough to let me know, by<br />a line what steps they have taken on such bonds and<br />accounts. THOMSAS MASON.</p>
<p>THE subscriber begs leave to inform the public that<br />as soon as the courts proceed on their docket, he<br />proposed to practice as an attorney in the county courts<br />of York and James City, and in the court of Hustings at<br />Williamsburg, and to continue his practice in New Kent<br />and Charles City courts; and as his whole time and atten-<br />tion will be employed in this business, he thinks he can<br />safely promise the utmost diligence and punctuality in it.<br />He proposes to attend at his lodgings, at Mrs. Rind’s;<br />in Williamsburg, the day before the courts of York,<br />James City, and the Hustings, and in all public times,<br />to receive the commands of those that will employ him.<br />At other times, his clients letters left there will be for-<br />warded to him in New Kent by a careful hand, who<br />will receive and pay such money at Williamsburg as the<br />conveniency of his clients requires. Titles will be exa,<br />mined, and conveyances drawn, with care and dispatch,<br />by 4* B. DANDRIDGE.</p>
<p>PURSUSNT to a decree of the worshipful court of<br />Amherst, will be exposed to sale, at the courthouse<br />of the said county, on Monday the 4th of July next, be-<br />ing court day, to the highest bidder, for ready money, a<br />valuable tract of land in the said county, whereon Joseph<br />Magann now lives, situate on the main Carolina road,<br />about 10 miles from Lynch’s ferry, whereon is a good<br />plantation, with orchards, and all convenient and valu-<br />able houses, well calculated for carrying on the business<br />of ordinary keeping to advantage, also two valuable<br />slaves, of the estate of the said Magann, to satisfy a<br />judgement lately obtained by Daniel Gaines, gentleman,<br />against the said Joseph Magann, in the said county court<br />of Amherst. 3* GABRIEL PENN.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, June 13, 1774.</p>
<p>THE <em>subscribers have for</em> SALE MADEIRA <em>WINE,</em><br />BARBADOS <em>RUM, CANE, SPIRIT, and</em><br />MOSCOVADO <em>SUGAR.</em></p>
<p>PHRIPP and BOWDOIN.</p>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette. Number 424, Thursday June 23, 1774
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-06-23
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2022.9
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/bf4e4138584657b56aa26d0b2e18586e.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=IHjPS8YmdpzMnW2paBWyfHnN-w%7EpWAvmBwx73da%7EeuQnN113stDioftpG9N1Mrqzrlpo3wcQP8mqGG4xaXa1AEt1HyNfE5EXmHJXIjGYW9wapEsTq0ATsDcm%7EMsJ5hEhj3cbakEYwgW1Ck6IGiyVBZHxg5C9DmymeeKjHJIFFGOJPEvA7ytg2BmvJmcTugQppnSOu%7EKdToGCgiie4TtMsBsRpOtsdvKWa0QYku5Us4RqEz8WAswR2s4HYusl3ZP9EnqKK2p-HYsJCgZSyxY-E-ApZ5WyuNDtixMzuwomxG2-D-COBB4O50aJR9I0Tz9pBjDHCMp9oUpiuhpxumaBdQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
aaf75d24844d3589ae9e56968563fa0f
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/c38057da2140f4c650ece0556dd39ad1.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=F578PBp7iQAYMHMfohzsALsNrCu0f6IlLRIO1QWhYoaXwlpPONwZs8Dal1eojwI7kss1CuaAGIGV%7EMxI6QKZd5euw3yeyqnBAtzIC56xp6SQmrMGxkHVxQ1s4AsCbZRAiys3QmDBDdORR4b3x1UFQiHal6cJRvSTNpeHrla1TKMXsHq6UcJavYuyAHRpnedWmvGD2rOC2zo%7ExRE9aBYfkX1ErodIYZ6X5wHXy1jPplNatbupAcB7bDT-o5c0-%7EOmnBWXTSgkgONRyT%7EzR1Zttm9EEeYc%7EPJR82Jdy8lNNeO5l1351TD4S%7EdTkBCB9mHlshqdH4BiQ-6H-zdrZuErJw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
751c3414894f593fd7b9555bf89d9756
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/c0a568bf9e591e09a1f167db2fae60f6.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=qPrDNJ13zpT8X2kesZEaj8l-lAqHMCNOXCc7YsHHG%7Esu7JWrifmP9vaRssVBtjeED-XY4p6yS-D5RWMNWpdne2CkD0Ci3FqxumxNPVuK5Jr019xFptxYjI3ESiuAHmEu0dJwcBPNcuRKW74aBETmY859JKRXHlR52tW1r1qvI61FMgWGlHvWzGWZsd5nIHmPEln1gkpjJpoG%7ExQAKn3b2IjHXGsiGaUWu0ovsAhClnh6DovdB8vISUeD2nbJs5r136di%7EGrS1QLHw6YKDrbiGxv735nm44z-Dow6VjjMo4IfdlYgbZuZ0DiD%7EZ9-kkBT-ON0PG24wVH7wZsXzWWQ-A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
de64c2b62bbd20b42556950e15280610
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/0b25925c712a65254e79edf0b9e11bbe.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=J4dP0Q%7EUoj8PTEfrlpWfjzQ1eM9RPURJkLYNVnzhR9xZJUlRKGBMIBdZxICBZUXre8OzYARuEtzbSrI8REbZ1J2AkB7Zgo5iw3Xs6OVyCin1-MEg5FGIeLtY22gUu0ILwYkfZu7LuQmdnSpFK7fwoaSbJhz-WprCiXXgsjvJsof4EhW6shMUTZ-ziIMvP8ZadvVf77XkF6SqSsisOwOaoeFxWJPGV98oxYHzYamg6Age0JLh33SL018XVGEcECCjCm8%7EaaBE126WtvbGLHQpUWuDg462nMdU61nLiDQyLsSLNsTA1ReNyAq1tpiAm3K70dWG70LgYO3kI8TIKUh69Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
24304bb89155fd520b656cfad283f32e
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>THE VIRGINIA GAZETTE.<br /><br />THURSDAY, JUNE 30, 1774. NUMBER 425</p>
<p>OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG: PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.</p>
<p>All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12s. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3s. the first Week,<br />and 2s. each Time after; long ones in Proportion.----PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em> The</em> BRITISH AMERICAN.<br />NUMBER V.<br />FRIENDS, FELLOW CITIZENS, and COUNTRYMEN,</p>
<p>It is not my intention to inflame your minds, by pointing out the<br />many privileges you have already lost, but to rouze you to a steady<br />opposition to the measures now pursuing to deprive you of what<br />few still remain. I shall therefore, instead of entering minutely<br />into every branch of the old English constitution, whose sole<br />sole object is, or rather was, political liberty, confine myself to that<br />part of it which relates to legislation and taxation only. But in order<br />to be thoroughly understood, it will be necessary to premise, that in<br />ancient times, besides the palaces for the residence, there were particular<br />funds and lands set apart, whose yearly profits supplied the domestic<br />expences, and supported the splendor, of the kings of England. These<br />were called the ancient demesnes of the crown, and were not only<br />abundantly sufficient to answer those purposes, but sometimes enabled<br />our monarchs to repel, at their own private expence, any sudden or<br />unforeseen hostile attacks upon the kingdom. Thus the great queen<br />Elizabeth (under whose reign our ancestors first emigrated) instead of<br />asking supplies of her parliament, generally demanded reimbursements<br />only for what she had actually advanced for the general good. And even<br />these she often graciously remitted to her subjects.</p>
<p>The legislature of England consisted of three distinct branches. The<br />first was the monarch, whose ample hereditary revenues enabling him to<br />support the dignity of his rank, removed all temptation to oppress either<br />of the other two; because nobly provided for himself, he was under no<br />necessity of asking any supplies from his parliament, but such as were<br />necessary for the general good of the community. Independent of<br />any power upon earth, for the support of himself and family, he was<br />equally above the temptation of being corrupted himself, or of endeavour-<br />ing to corrupt the parliament. The second consisted of the house of<br />lords, a body of men, who on account of their great wealth or merit,<br />and generally both, were ennobled by the monarch; and as their titles<br />and power, when once created, were hereditary, they were not only<br />independent, but were equally interested, in preserving the legal prero-<br />gatives of the crown, and the just privileges of the people. The<br />prerogatives of the crown, because as they derived their very existence<br />from the monarch, if his legal power was annihilated, theirs must<br />necessarily be extinguished with it; as the stream will cease to flow<br />when the fountain from whence it sprung is dried up. As hereditary<br />guardians of the realm, it was equally their interest to preserve the<br />privileges of the people, because however distinguished by rank or title,<br />they themselves, as part of the community, must finally feel any<br />oppression exercised by the sovereign over their fellow subjects.</p>
<p>The third branch of the legislature consisted of the people at large,<br />in which every native had a right to vote; for in those days it was<br />thought unreasonable that the life, liberty, or property, of a free man,<br />should be affected by any law which he did not consent to, or at least<br />which he had not a right to oppose.</p>
<p>But these tumultuous assemblies of the people being found from<br />experience not only inconvenient but absolutely impracticable, as a ma-<br />jority of the whole kingdom could never meet at any one place to<br />deliberate upon the affairs of the kingdom, it became customary for the<br />inhabitants of different counties, and large cities and towns, to delegate<br />the wisest of their neighbours to represent them in the legislature, and<br />to speak the sentiments of their electors, on the general concerns of the<br />kingdom: These formed the house of commons. In process of time,<br />this right of delegation was confined to those who had a freehold in<br />lands, of a particular value, because, as I have observed in a former<br />letter, the owners of the soil were not only supposed to be the best<br />judges of what was for the benefit of the kingdom, but because they<br />were less liable to be corrupted, to prejudice a country in which they<br />themselves were permanently interested.</p>
<p>Happy had it been for England that this wise regulation had never<br />been altered; and happier still, if the right of voting for representatives<br />had been confined to the freeholders of counties only, and not extended to<br />cities and corporations, which, however populous and opulent formerly,<br />are now scarce the shadows of what they were. But to return to my<br />subject.</p>
<p>In the monarch was vested the power of convening the other two bodies<br />of the legislature, of laying before them the state of the kingdom, with<br />respect to foreign alliances, and of recommending to their consideration<br />any plans which he judged for the benefit of the nation; and after having<br />done this, he retired and left them to deliberate and to form what reso-<br />lutions they pleased, either upon the plans thus recommended, or upon<br />any others which they thought proper, and so far as related to legislation<br />only, the lords and commons had an equal right of proposing, and of<br />altering or amending, resolutions proposed by each other. The king had<br />no power of altering or amending, but, by with-holding his assent,<br />might reject any resolution of the other two branches altogether.</p>
<p>To have invested him with a power of altering would have been dan-<br />gerous to liberty; because of all laws respecting the subject, the lords,<br />who were the representatives of the higher, and the commons, who<br />represented the lower ranks of the people, were the properest judges;<br />because they would share in the advantages and disadvantages of those<br />laws. But as the king might receive the emoluments, but could not<br />share in the inconveniencies, if he had been allowed to have interfered<br />in altering or amending such, the nation might have been cruelly<br />oppressed; for as all honours flowed from the crown, a desire of acquiring<br />those honours might have induced the commons. Hope of enlarging<br />those already conferred might have influenced the lords to have shewn<br />such complaisance to the alterations of the crown as would have been<br />inconsistent with the good of the community. Wisdom, as well as<<br />delicacy, therefore, excluded the temptation. The king’s right or re-<br />jecting altogether was a sufficient barrier against all encroachments on<br />the rights of the sovereign, since no resolutions had the force of laws<br />till they received the concurrence of a majority of the lords and commons,<br />and were approved of and assented to by the king.</p>
<p>Taxation was fixed upon a very different foundation. The house of<br />commons claimed and excercised the sole right of proposing taxes, of<br />pointing out the ways and means, of levying supplies, and of framing<br />the bills, but the authority of which they were to be collected, and so<br />extremely jealous were they of this privilege, that they never would suffer<br />either of the other branches of the legislature to make the smallest<br />alteration, either in the form or substance of a supply bill.</p>
<p>This exclusive privilege was founded upon very just grounds. The<br />reasons I have already given, in treating of legislation. are doubly cogent<br />to restrain the king (who was to apply, or rather expend, the money<br />raised) from exercising any other power over a money bill than that of<br />rejecting; to which may be added another, that the representatives of a<br />people must ever be more capable than their prince of judging of the<br />abilities of their constituents, and of knowing how much, and what<br />species of their property, they can spare to preserve the remainder. Nor<br />are there wanting many and just reasons to exclude the lords from inter-<br />fering with this right exercised by the commons. In the first place, the<br />whole wealth of a nation arises from the farmer, the grazier, the me-<br />chanic, and the trader; and as they are the very creators of money they<br />alone ought to have the public disposition of it, because they know its<br />value, and have experienced the difficulty with which it is acquired. On<br />the other hand, the lords possessed of immense wealth, transmitted to<br />them by their ancestors, and born (if I may be allowed the expression)<br />with silver spoons in their mouths, might be lavish of the national</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
treasures, without duly considering with what anxiety difficulties, and<br />dangers, the bulk of the people have acquired the small share of it they<br />possess. Again, a supply granted to the crown, which, with respect to<br />the enormous fortunes of the nobility, would scarce deserve the name of<br />liberality, might amount almost to a confiscation of the estates of the<br />lower ranks of people, and reduce thousands of their fellow subjects to<br />distress, poverty, and ruin. On the other hand, it is difficult to suppose,<br />that the representatives of the labouring or trading part of the nation<br />would, or could, be so extravagant in their supplies, as to injure the<br />estates of the nobility; and if such an unnatural case should exist, the<br />house of lords, by exercising their right of rejecting, would effectually<br />ward off the blow. But if they had a power of even altering a money<br />bill, they might model it in such a manner as to exonerate, in a great<br />measure, their own estates, and lay the whole burthen upon the commons,<br />or at least it would be a constant source of feuds and dissentions between<br />the two houses, which would offer, to an enterprising monarch, such<br />opportunities of ingratiating himself occasionally with each as might<br />endanger the constitution.*
<p>From this state of the English constitution, it is obvious to the most<br />common observer, that if any one of its branches encroached upon the<br />rights of another, it became the interest of the other two to unite in<br />repelling the aggressor, since if either branches were annihilated, or even<br />weakened, the other must necessarily fall a prey to the victor. If the<br />commons attacked the lords, the crown necessarily interposed its autho-<br />rity to support the injured rights of the nobility; for if they succeeded<br />in destroying the rights of the nobility, such an acquisition of power, as<br />would then devolve on them, would soon enable them to weaken, if not<br />destroy the prerogatives of the crown. If the lords encroached upon<br />the privileges of the commons, our history afforded too many instances<br />of the dreadful consequences of the overgrown power of the barons to<br />suffer the king to be an idle spectator whilst his nobles, by crushing the<br />commons, would arrogate to themselves the power of petty princes, and<br />endanger the safety of the kingdom with internal commotions. If the<br />king attacked the privileges of either of the other branches, or either of<br />the others encroached upon the prerogatives of the crown, the third<br />branch was too much interested in the dispute to stand neuter, but<br />readily assisted the injured party, sensible that the only method of pre<br />serving the true equilibrium of government was to further neither branch<br />to oppress or even weaken the other.</p>
<p>Thus constituted, thus mutually interested, to support each other, the<br />king, lords, and commons, of England, formed the wisest system of<br />legislation that ever did, or perhaps ever will, exist; for the three fa-<br />vourite forms of government, viz. monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy,<br />possessed of their distinct powers, checked, tempered, and improved,<br />each other. Nor was this excellence confined to forms alone. The<br />characteristic principles of monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy, viz.<br />honour, moderation, and virtue, were here so happily blended, as totally<br />to exclude fear, that despicable slave of despotism and arbitrary sway.<br />The honour of monarchy tempered the impetuosity of democracy, the<br />moderation of aristocracy checked the ardent aspiring honour of mo-<br />narchy, and the virtue of democracy restrained the one, impelled the<br />other, and invigorated both. In short, no constitution ever bid so fair<br />for perpetual duration as that of England, and none ever half so well<br />deserved it, since political liberty was its aim, and the general good<br />of mankind the principal object of its attention. Had this happy state<br />but recurred a little oftener to its first principles, it would have remained<br />the envy, the admiration, of the whole world, and the delight of its<br />most distant dominions, till time shall be no more. But, alas! all<br />human institutions are subject to decay; the very vitals of this amiable<br />constitution are wounded, the glorious fabric already totters, and the<br />time is approaching when it may be said of this beautiful Byzantium:<br />That down the precipice of fate she goes,<br />And sinks in moments what in ages rose.</p>
<p>To trace the steps of this disorder, and point out what is likely to occa-<br />sion this ever to be lamented misfortune, shall be the subject of my next.</p>
<p>I shall conclude this with a word of advice to my fellow citizens of<br />Virginia: Since my last, the writs have issued for chusing your repre-<br />sentatives, returnable the 11th day of August next. Postpone your<br />meeting in Williamsburg till that day; so short a delay will be attended<br />with little inconvenience. If the governor should then meet you in<br />assembly, you will have a constitutional opportunity of declaring the<br />sentiments, and of vindicating the rights, of those you represent. But<br />be not deceived. It is to be feared, that the governor will not, <em>cannot,</em><br />call the assembly together, till he receives letters from the minister in<br />England and that it will be prorogued before the 11th of August. If<br />it should, still let the new representatives of the people meet at that<br />time; though they cannot as a legislative, yet they may as a collective<br />body, declare the sentiments of their constituents, and it is necessary,<br />not only that our sovereign but that the British parliament should know<br />those sentiments as soon as possible; otherwise an artful minister may<br />impose upon them, and induce them to believe you have actually sub-<br />mitted to a measure which I am convinced you never will submit to,<br />because you ought not. I am, my countrymen,<br />A BRITISH AMERICAN.</p>
<p>*I have read other arguments against the house of lords exercising a<br />right of altering money bills, but I confess they were not to me so<br />convincing as the above. For instance, one was, that the wealth of the<br />lords, compared so that of the commons of England, was but as a drop<br />of water to the ocean. Suppose this to be true (thought by the bye, it<br />is a very large drop, and which, by their intermarriages with the rich<br />heiresses of the commons, is constantly encreasing) yet a single drop,<br />when incorporated with, becomes as much a part of the ocean, and is as<br />much interested in the general welfare of that ocean, as any other drop,<br />and by the same purity of reasoning, the whole ocean might, drop by<br />drop, be excluded, till it ceased to be even a rivulet. I am induced to<br />make this remark, from having read a similar argument in a late<br />pamphlet of a reverend author, who after observing that each member<br />of the house of commons, when chosen, becomes the representative of<br />the whole kingdom, he has the following note: “Surely the nation<br />might have expelled Mr. Wilkes, or have struck his name out of the<br />list of the committee, had it been assembled, or had it thought proper<br />so to do. What then should hinder the deputies of the nation from<br />doing the same thing? And which ought to prevail in this case, the<br />nation in general or the county of Middlesex?” Let it be observed, that<br />if the whole body of the people had been assembled upon the national<br />councils, no such committee could have existed; the case supposed is<br />therefore a non-entity. But admitting it otherwise, even a committee<br />of the house of commons cannot exclude any member of that committee,<br />but must apply to the house who constituted them a committee to make<br />such exclusion; that the house of commons have a right, by expelling<br />any member, to appeal to the people who sent him, whether such member<br />is unworthy to represent them. There can be no doubt, but if after<br />such an appeal the people re-elect him, they are surely bound to receive<br />him. In such an assembly as the reverend author speaks of there can be no<br />doubt but a majority of the whole kingdom may exclude the inhabitants<br />of the county of Middlesex from any share in the national councils, but<br />from that instant they cannot exercise a constitutional right, either of<br />legislation or taxation, over the county of Middlesex; and just so great a<br />power as a majority of the nation can exercise over the inhabitants of a<br />single county, a majority of representatives of the nation, may exercise<br />over the representatives of a single county. But the consequence must be<br />the same in both cases.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>THE following is a true copy of the petition presented to the<br />house of commons, and signed by most of the gentlemen of<br />NORTH AMERICA, who are now in London, just before the <em>Boston<br />port bill</em> took place.</p>
<p><em>To the honourable the</em> COMMONS <em>of GREAT BRITAIN in<br />PARLIAMENT assembled.</em><br />THE HUMBLE PETITION of SEVERAL NATIVES AND<br />INHABITANTS of NORTH AMERICA,</p>
<p>SHEWETH,</p>
<p>”That your petitioners, being natives of his majesty’s dominions in<br />America, are deeply interested in every proceeding of this honourable<br />house, which touches the life, liberties, or property, of any person or<br />persons in the said dominions. That your petitioners conceive themselves<br />and their fellow subjects entitled to the rights of natural justice, and<br />to the common law of England, as their unalienable birthright; that<br />they apprehend it to be an inviolable rule of natural justice, that no<br />man shall be condemned unheard, and that according to law no person or<br />persons can be judged without being called upon to answer, and being<br />permitted to hear, the evidence against them, and to make their defence.<br />That it is therefore with the deepest sorrow they understand that this<br />honourable house is now about to pass a bill to punish, with unexampled<br />rigour, the town of Boston, for a trespass committed by some persons<br />unknown, upon the property of the East India company, without the said<br />town’s being apprized of any accusation brought against them, or having<br />been permitted to hear the evidence, or to make their defence. Your<br />petitioners conceive such proceedings to be directly repugnant to every<br />principle of law and justice, and that under such a precedent no man, or<br />body of men, in America, could enjoy a moment’s security; for if<br />judgement be immediately to follow an accusation against the people of<br />America, supported even by persons notoriously at enmity with them,<br />the accused, unacquainted with the charge, and from the nature of their<br />situation, utterly incapable of answering and defending themselves, every<br />sence against false accusation will be pulled down, justice will no longer<br />be their shield, nor innocence an exemption from punishment. Your pe-<br />titioners beg leave to represent, that law, in America, ministers redress<br />for any injury sustained there, and they can most truly affirm, that it is<br />executed in that country with as much impartiality as in any other<br />part of his majesty’s dominions. In proof of this, they appeal to an<br />instance of great notoriety, in which, under every circumstance that<br />could exasperate the people, and disturb the course of justice, captain<br />Preston and his soldiers had a fair trial, and a favourable verdict. While<br />the due course of law holds out redress for any injury sustained in America,<br />they apprehend the interposition of parliamentary power to be full of<br />danger, and without any precedent. If the persons who committed this<br />trespass are known, then the East India company have their remedy<br />against them at law; if they are unknown, your petitioners cannot<br />comprehend by what rule of justice the town can be punished for a civil<br />injury committed by persons not known to belong to them. Your pe-<br />titioners conceive that there is not an instance, even in the most arbi-<br />trary times, in which a city was punished by parliamentary authority<br />without being heard for a civil offence, not committed within their<br />jurisdiction, and without redress having been sought at common low.<br />The cases which they have heard adduced are directly against it. That<br />of the king against the city of London was for a murder committed within<br />its walls by its citizens in open day. But even then, arbitrary as the<br />times were, the trial was public in a court of common law, the party<br />heard, and the law laid down by the judges was, that it was an offence<br />at the common law to suffer such a crime to be committed in a walled<br />town, <em>tempore diruno,</em> and none of the offenders to be known, or indicted.<br />The case of Edinburgh, in which parliament did interpose, was the<br />commission of an atrocious murder within her gates, and aggravated<br />by an overt act of high treason, in executing, against the express will<br />of the crown, the king’s laws. It is observable, that these cities had<br />by charter the whole executive power within themselves, so that a<br />failure of justice necessarily ensued from their connivance. In both cases,<br />however, full time was allowed them to discharge their duty and they<br />were heard in their defence. But neither has time been allowed in this<br />case, nor is the accused heard, nor is Boston a walled town, nor was the<br />fact committed within it, nor is the executive power in their hands as<br />it is in those of London and Edinburgh; on the contrary, the governor<br />himself holds that power, and has been advised by his majesty’s council<br />to carry it into execution. If it has been neglected, he alone is answerable; <br />if it has been executed, perhaps at this instant, while punishment is in-<br />flicting here on those who have not been legally tried, the due course<br />of law is operating there to the discovery and prosecution of the real<br />offenders. Your petitioners think themselves bound to declare to this<br />honourable that they apprehend a proceeding of excessive rigour<br />and injustice will sink deep in the minds of their countrymen, and<br />tend to alienate their affections from this country. That the attach-<br />ment of America cannot survive the justice of Great Britain. That if<br />they see a different mode of trial established for them, and for the people<br />of this country, a mode which violates the sacred principles of natural<br />justice, it may be productive of national distrust, and extinguish those<br />filial feelings of respect and affection which have hitherto attached<br />them to the parent state. Urged, therefore, by every motive of affection<br />to both countries; by the most earnest desire, not only to preserve their<br />own rights, and those of their countrymen, but to prevent the dissoluti-<br />on of that love, harmony and confidence, between the two countries,<br />which was their mutual blessing and support, your petitioners do most<br />earnestly beseech this honourable house not to pass the said bill.”</p>
<p>WHAT Mrs. RIND, must astonished AMERICA think,<br />what dreadful abuses must not its inhabitants feel, should an act<br />of parliament be passed, “that as <em>no officer</em> in the service or the crown in<br />America shall be liable to any action or prosecution <em>whatever</em> there, but<br />to be amenable <em>only</em> to the courts of judicature in England?” Yet, a cor-<br />respondent says, “you may depend it has been agitated in the cabinet,<br />and it is determined to be carried into execution by an act of parliament!”<br /><em>Quere,</em> should such an act pass, removing crown officers from every restraint<br />of the society where they live, will it not be absolutely necessary that the<br />people among whom such officers reside consider themselves as in a state<br />of nature with respect to them, and execute speedy justice on every<br />transgression?</p>
<p><em>Mrs.</em> RIND,</p>
<p>BEING present at the patriotic meeting in WESTMORELAND, I<br />was much pleased to see the order and decorum with which their<br />business was conducted, and to find that they had desired their proceed-<br />ings to be published, because it seems quite proper that the generous<br />struggles of <em>each</em> for the common liberty may be known to <em>all.</em> From<br />hence most probably may result a system of defence, which no cunning<br />of a tyrant minister can overcome. The method of conquering by di-<br />viding has been so long known and practiced by every wicked politician,<br />from the greatest in Europe down to the small ones of our own nation,<br />the lords Bute, Mansfield, and their agent North, that the world must<br />be too well apprized of this system to be missed and deceived by so stale a<br />practice.</p>
<p>The minister gave himself unnecessary trouble when he declared the<br />plan was to compel submission to the American taxation by subduing one<br />colony at a time; the conduct of the ministry very sufficiently proves this.<br />All North America have repeatedly, but in vain, protested against this<br />invasion of their rights, protected as they are by natural justice, by<br />positive compact, and by immemorial usage; sanctions that have hitherto<br />been respected by good men in all ages. In pursuit of this plan of op-</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>position, founded on principles of self-preservation, many colonies have<br />with the tea ships repelled the revenue acts; but Boston, having been<br />with much pains and singular care designedly forced by its enemies to<br />go once small step farther than the rest, in order to furnish a pretext for<br />attacking one colony at a time, they not only destroy the trade of Boston,<br />and thereby ruin a great number of innocent people, but put it on the<br />power of the crown forever to deprive many persons in that town of the<br />most valuable property they possessed in wharfs and quays for landing and<br />shipping goods. But this was not enough. The long possessed charter<br />of Massachusetts Bay is by another act to be taken away, and their go-<br />vernor made more despotic than a Turkish bashaw. Nor has this been<br />thought sufficient to quench every spark of liberty there, but a third<br />act placed every crown officer above the reach of law in the country<br />where he lives, declaring him amendable only to the courts of justice in<br />England, at the same time that every person in the Massachusetts go-<br />vernment, who happens to be obnoxious to the ministry, that is, every<br />honest and intelligent friend to his country, is made liable to be tran-<br />sported to the King’s Bench in England for trial; a court that has for<br />some years past, it is said, been extremely unfavourable to Englishmen<br />and English law, and where, unhappily, for the prisoner, the prosecution<br />must be altogether persecution, there being no prospect of evidence but<br />on one side, and the chance of the accused for escaping, however inno-<br />cent, as small, as the act itself is certainly void of every particle of reason<br />and justice. Is it not in violation of truth and common sense to call<br />this act, which shakes the foundations of justice and that security which<br />is reasonably expected from civil society, “An act for the impartial<br />administration of justice in the cases of persons questioned for any acts<br />done by them in the execution of the law, or for the suppression of riots<br />and tumults in the province of Massachusetts Bay, in New England?<br />Would it not be much more properly entitled <em>An act to encourage every<br />species of crime, by placing the perpetrators beyond the reach of just punish-<br />ment, and to prevent every good man in the Massachusetts government from<br />opposing the ruin of his country, by the terrors of a mock trial before a par-<br />tial tribunal, three thousand miles removed from the residence of the accused?</em><br />It is surely impossible that any liberal mind can fail to flow with<br />resentment at these <em>Tarquin</em> strides to despotism in North America,<br />hitherto the happy seat of liberty, virtue, and growing science, In<br />vain did our brave and worthy ancestors, through infinite danger, ex-<br />pence, and toil, convert this savage wilderness into a civilized and culti<br />ted country, if their descendants have not sense and virtue enough to<br />defend it from the ravage and ruin of despotism; for what milder name<br />can be given to the new claim of taxation, set up by a parliament re-<br />moved from us a thousand leagues, whose members, nor their constituents,<br />would pay any part of the tax they impose on us? Who from their<br />distance and ignorance of our situation and circumstances, can never<br />judge rightly either of the quantity or quality of such tax, and who finally<br />would not be restrained by that constitutional check against abuse, the<br />being liable to be removed, by the people they injured, at a new electi-<br />on? Let not any person imagine that these unexplained abuses of Boston<br />are intended only for her. The rod of despotism is in turn to be ap-<br />plied for the punishment of every colony that moves in defence of liberty.<br />Let us therefore unite in time, never forgetting ”THAT SMALL<br />THINGS GROW GREAT BY CONCORD, AND THE GREATEST ARE<br />LOST BY DISUNION.” When the ministry practice the wicked advice<br />of Machiavel, and constantly endeavour to divide us, let us follow the wise<br />counsel of old Micipsa, and unite most firmly, Let us, on this great<br />occasion, recur to the first principles and practices of the constitution, by<br />informing the people in every county of their truly critical situation, and<br />take their sense of what is fittest to be done for the public security. The<br />representative body will thus be possessed of the opinions and desires of<br />their constituents, in pursuing which they need not fear to he bravely<br />and firmly supported.<br />A LOVER OF THE CONSTITUTION.</p>
<p>Mrs. RIND,</p>
<p><em>The enclosed</em> PAPER. <em>founded on true constitutional principles, was handed<br />about, much read, and much liked, at a late public meeting. You are re-<br />quested,</em> MADAM,<em>to give it a place in your useful paper.</em><br />HAMBDEN.<br />To the FREEHOLDERS and other INHABITANTS of the county of - - - - - - - - - - - -</p>
<p>FELLOW SUBJECTS,</p>
<p>IN most countries of the world the bulk of the people indulge but little<br />in political difficulties; in some it is death to speak of state affairs,<br />and even in our mother country too frequent debates about government<br />matters are esteemed prejudicial to the industry and morals of the people.<br />If such a maxim is to be received here, without reservation, any attempts<br />to open the eyes of the people at this alarming crisis may be deemed im-<br />pertinent, if not criminal; nevertheless, when we hear of people who<br />condemn all manner of resistance to government, we find ourselves irre-<br />sistably impelled to throw our mite into the opposite scale. National<br />attachments and prejudices we despise, and we detest the sordid views of<br />self-interest, to which the slaves of conveniency have too strong a bias.<br />To such as on the authority of scripture incline to an implicit subjection<br />to the higher powers we would observe, in general, that many texts of<br />the scripture were widely adapted to the circumstances of the Jews<br />and primitive christians, should in our days be used rather in aid of gene-<br />ral principles than as particular rules of conduct. A British subject, who<br />knows his birthright, looks on the English constitution to be the foun<br />tain head and center of that higher power which commands his obedience.<br />This constitution is a system of laws reared, as it would seem, and often<br />favoured and protected by the hand of providence. The king at his<br />coronation is sworn to the maintenance and preservation of this system,<br />and may well be considered as the prime minister or first servant of the<br />constitution, to which, by a wrong use of the powers he is entrusted<br />with, he may become the most dangerous foe. The excellence of this<br />constitution, over any which exists in the known world, consists in the<br />just balance of al its parts, which may be endangered by one part en-<br />croaching on the rights and privileges of the other. It may be greatly<br />injured by the undue dependence of one, but it will be totally destroyed<br />by two of the parts yielding their independence to the corrupt influence<br />of the third. Whenever matters are arrived at this crisis, a wicked mi-<br />nister easily procures the consent of parliament to arbitrary acts, subvert-<br />sive of liberty, and diametrically opposite to the eternal laws of justice.<br />To pursue the train of consequences would engage too much time here;<br />be it sufficient, therefore, to observe, that power, thus exercised, is<br />tyranny, ever odious to a brave, virtuous, and free people, and often<br />opposed by our forefathers, in times less enlightened and informed than<br />the present. Opposition to measures subversive of the constitution is no<br />new doctrine in the history of England. It was on this principle that<br />many royal favourites paid the forfeit of their lives, that Richard the<br />second was deposed, Charles the first beheaded, and James the second<br />obliged to quite the throne. To come nigher to our own case (amidst the<br />distresses of the mother country, occasioned, in great measure, by the<br />selfish and arbitrary politics of weak, and wicked counsellors who surround<br />the throne, and the corrupt compliance of ministers and parliaments)<br />rapacity opens wide her mouth, and inspired with the rage of taxation,<br />has for nine of ten years past threatened to plunder all British America,<br />in contradiction to a true principle of the constitution, which considers<br />taxation as inseparable from representation. Different administrations,<br />disregarding all the unanswerable arguments urged by your friends, have<br />persisted in the favourite point of taxing you without your consent, and<br />the hand of power is now stretched to force you to the payment of taxes,<br />in the establishment of which your representatives had no part. Your<br />tax-masters are charged with having often betrayed the rights and interests<br />of <em>their constituents:</em> What then can <em>you,</em> on whom they have no de-<br />pendence, and with whom no communication of sentiments, expect from<br />them, but taxes without end, and unceasing oppression? For they will<br />lighten their own burthen in proportion as they increase yours; neither<br />themselves, or the people that chuse them, being to pay any part of the<br />taxes they impose on you. Will you put your fortune, your liberties,<br />and every thing that is held most dear among men, in their power, by<br />submitting to their unjust taxation; or will you undergo some inconve-<br />niencies to avert the impending evil, and frustrate the designs, of your<br />enemies, and the enemies of liberty and humanity? We mean only to<br />excite your attention to such wise measures as may this day be proposed<br />by the friends of their country’s just rights, and persuade you to consider<br />how shameful it will be if they alone, among so many people, are left to<br />struggle in the cause of liberty and virtue. Go on, then, and by your<br />unanimity and perseverance, strengthen the hearts and hands of those<br />you appoint your representatives; exhibit an example worthy of imitation<br />to other counties, nay, to whole provinces. Thus every liberal soul,<br />now oppressed with anguish for the degeneracy of the country from which<br />you sprung, and ardently wishing for its reformation, will receive com-<br />fort from your proceedings. When such a reformation is produced, we<br />may have a more grateful, though not a more important occasion, of<br />addressing you again. In the mean time, we wish you heartily farewell.<br />W.H.O.<br />WILLIAMSBURG, JUNE 30.</p>
<p>AT a <em>respectable meeting of</em> FREEHOLDERS <em>and other</em> INHABITANTS<br /><em>of the county of</em> WESTMORELAND, <em>assembled, on due notice, at<br />the courthouse of the said county, on Wednesday the 22d day of June, 1774,<br />the reverend Mr. THOMAS SMITH being first unanimously chosen moderator,</em></p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p><em>several papers, containing the proceedings of the late</em> HOUSE of BURGESSES<br /><em>of this colony, and the subsequent determinations of the late representatives,<br />after the house was dissolved, together with extracts of several resolves of the<br />provinces of Massachusetts Bay, Maryland, &c. being read, the meeting<br />proceeded seriously to consider the present dangerous and truly alarming crisis,<br />when ruin is threatened to the ancient constitutional rights of</em> NORTH AME-<br />RICA, <em>and came to the following resolves.</em></p>
<p>I.<em>That to be taxed solely in our provincial assemblies by representatives free-<br />ly chosen by the people, is a right that British subjects in America are entitled<br />to from natural justice, from the English constitution, from charters, and from<br />a confirmation of these by usage, since the first establishment of these colonies.</em></p>
<p>II. <em>That an endeavour to force submission from one colony, to the payment of<br />taxes not so imposed, is a dangerous attack on the liberty and property of British<br />America, and renders it indispensably necessary that all should firmly unite to<br />resist the common danger,</em></p>
<p>III. <em>It is the opinion of this meeting, that the town of</em> BOSTON, <em>in our<br />sister colony of Massachusetts Bay, is now suffering in the common cause of North<br />America, by having its harbour blocked up, its commerce destroyed, and the<br />property of many of its inhabitants violently taken from them, until they sub-<br />mit to taxes not imposed by their consent; and therefore this meeting resolve,</em></p>
<p>IV. <em>That the inhabitants of this county will most cordially and firmly join<br />with the other counties in this colony, and the other colonies on this continent, or<br />the majority of them, after a short day, hereafter to be agreed on, to stop all<br />exports to Great Britain and the West Indies, and all imports from thence,<br />until as well the act of parliament intituled “An act to discontinue, in such<br />manner and for such time as are therein mentioned, the landing and discharging,<br />lading or shipping of goods, wares, and merchandize, at the town and within<br />the harbour of Boston, in the province of Massachusetts Bay in North Ame-<br />rica,” as the several acts laying duties on America, for the purpose of raising<br />a revenue, and all the acts of the British legislature made against our brothers<br />of Massachusetts Bay, in consequence of their just opposition to the said revenue<br />acts, are repealed. And it is the opinion of this meeting, that such a nonim-<br />porting and nonexporting plan should be quickly entered upon, as well on the<br />evident principle of self-preservation as to relieving our suffering countrymen and<br />fellow subjects in Boston, and to restore between Great Britain and America<br />that harmony so beneficial to the whole empire, and so ardently desired by all<br />America,</em></p>
<p>V. <em>Resolved, it is the opinion of this meeting, that the gentlemen of the law<br />should not (so long as the nonexportation agreement subsists) bring any writ for<br />the recovery of debt, or push to a conclusion any such suit already brought, it<br />being utterly inconsistent with a nonexportation plan that judgement should be<br />given against those who are deprived of the means of paying.</em></p>
<p>VI. <em>It is resolved, that so soon as the nonexportation agreement begins, we<br />will, every one of us, keep our produce, whether tobacco, corn, wheat, or any<br />thing else, unsold, on our own respective plantations, and not carry, or suffer<br />them to be carried, to any public warehouse or landing place, except of grain,<br />where the same be so done, on each being first made that such grain is for the use<br />or consumption from the continent, whilst the said agreement subsists, And this is<br />the more necessary, to prevent a few designing persons from engrossing and<br />buying up our tobacco, grain, &amp.c. when they are low in value, in order to<br />avail themselves of the very high price that those articles must bear when the<br />ports are open, and foreign markets empty.</em></p>
<p>VII. <em>This meeting do heartily concur with the late representative body of<br />this county to disuse</em> TEA, <em>and no purchase any other commodities of the East<br />Indies,except </em>SALTPETRE, until the grievances of America are redressed.</p>
<p>VIII. <em>We do most heartily concur in these preceding resolves, and will, to<br />the utmost of our power, take care that they are carried into execution, and<br />that we will regard every man as infamous, who now agrees to, and shall<br />hereafter make a breach of, all or any of them, subject, however, to such<br />future alterations as shall be judged expedient at a general meeting of deputies<br />from the several parts of this colony, or a general congress of all the colonies.</em></p>
<p>IX. <em>We do appoint</em> RICHARD HENRY LEE, <em>and</em> RICHARD<br />LEE, <em>esquires, the late representatives of this county, to attend the general<br />meeting of deputies from all the counties, and we desire that they do exert their<br />best abilities to get these our earnest desires for the security of</em> PUBLIC<br />LIBERTY <em>assented to.</em></p>
<p>X. <em>And as it may happen that the assembly, now called to meet on the 11th<br />day of August, may be prorogued to a future day, and many of the deputies<br />appointed to meet on the 1st of August, trusting to the certainty of meeting in<br />assembly on the 11th, may fail to attend on the first, by which means decisive<br />injury may arise to the common cause of liberty, by the general sense of the<br />country not being early known at this dangerous crisis of American freedom,<br />we do therefore direct, that our deputies now chosen fail not to attend at Wil-<br />liamsburg on the said first day of August; and it is our earnest wish, that the<br />deputies from the other counties be directed to do the same for the reasons above<br />assigned.</em></p>
<p>XI. <em>Resolved, that the clerk do forthwith transmit the proceedings of this<br />day to the</em> PRESS, <em>and request the printer to publish them without delay.<br />By order of the meeting,</em><br />JAMES DAVENPORT, <em>Clerk</em></p>
<p><em>The business of the day being finished, the company repaired to the tavern,<br />where a dinner had been provided, and the following patriotic and loyal</em><br />TOASTS <em>were drank, viz.</em><br />1. GOD <em>bless the</em> KING: <em>May he long reign the king of a free and<br />happy people.<br /></em> 2. <em>The</em> QUEEN <em>and</em> ROYAL FAMILY.<br />3. <em>The</em> ENGLISH CONSTITUTION.<br />4. AMERICAN LIBERTY.<br />5. <em>May the brave and virtuous people of</em> BOSTON <em>be quickly re-<br />lieved from their present</em> DISTRESS.<br />6. UNION <em>of</em> GREAT BRITAIN <em>and the</em> COLONIES.<br />7. <em>Lord</em> CHATHAM.<br />8.<em>Lord</em> CAMBDEN.<br />9.<em>Marquis of</em> ROCKINGHAM.<br />10. <em>Lord</em> SHELBURNE.11. <em>Bishop of St.</em> ASOPH.<br />12. ALL FRIENDS OF AMERICA.</p>
<p>At a general meeting of the freeholders and inhabitants of PRINCE<br />GEORGE county the following RESOLVES were proposed and<br />unanimously agreed to.</p>
<p>RESOLVED, <em>that we will at all times, whenever we are called upon<br />for that purpose, maintain and defend, at the expence of our lives and<br />fortunes, his majesty’s right and title to the crown of Great Britain and his<br />dominions in America, to whose royal person and government we profess all<br />due obedience and fidelity.</em></p>
<p>Resolved, that the right to impose taxes to be paid by the inhabi-<br />tants within this dominion for any purpose whatsoever is peculiar and essential<br />to the general assembly, in whom the legislative authority of the colony is vested.</p>
<p><em>Resolved, that every attempt to impose such taxes or duties by any other au-<br />thority is an arbitrary exertion of power, and an infringement of the constitutional<br />rights and liberties of the colony.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that to impose a tax or duty upon tea by the British parliament,<br />in which the commons of the North American colonies can have no representation,<br />to be paid upon importation by the inhabitants of the said colonies, is an act of<br />power without right, it subversive of the liberties of the said colonies, deprives<br />them of their property without their own consent, and thereby reduces them to a<br />state of slavery.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the late cruel, unjust, and sanguinary acts of parliament, to<br />be executed by military force and ships of war upon our sister colony of the<br />Massachusetts Bay, and town of</em> BOSTON, <em>is a strong evidence of the<br />corrupt influence obtained by the British ministry in parliament, and a convincing<br />proof of their fixed intention to deprive the colonies of their constitutional rights<br />and liberties.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the cause of the town of Boston is the common cause of all the<br />American colonies.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that if is the duty and interest of all American colonies firmly to<br />unite in a indissoluble union and association to oppose, by every just and proper<br />means, the infringement of their common rights and liberties.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that a general association between all the American colonies not to<br />import from Great Britain any commodity whatsoever, except negroes cloaths<br />and tools, Irish linens, medicines and paper, ought to be entered into and not<br />dissolved till the just rights of the said colonies are restored to them, and the<br />cruel acts of the British parliament against the Massachusetts Bay and town of<br />Boston are repealed.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that no friend to the rights and liberties of America ought to pur-<br />chase any commodity whatsoever, except as is before excepted, which shall be<br />imported from Great Britain after the general association shall be agreed upon.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that every kind of luxury, dissipation, and extravagance, ought<br />to be banished from amongst us</em>.</p>
<p><em>Resolved, that manufactures ought to be encouraged by opening subscriptions<br />for that purpose, or by any other proper means.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the African trade is injurious to this colony, obstructs the<br />population of it by freeman, prevents manufacturers and other useful emigrants<br />from Europe form settling amongst us, and occasions an annual encrease of the<br />balance of trade against this colony.</em></p>
<p<em>Resolved, that the raising sheep, hemp, and flax, ought to be encouraged.</em>
<p><em>Resolved, that to be cloathed in manufactures fabricated in the colonies ought<br />to be considered as a badge and distinction of respect and true patriotism.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the dissolution of the general assembly, by order of the<br />British ministry, whenever they enter upon the consideration of the rights and<br />liberties of the subject against attempts to destroy them, is an evidence of the<br />fixed intention of the said ministry to reduce the colonies to a state of slavery.</em></p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p><em>Resolved, that the people of this colony, being by such dissolution deprived<br />of a legal representation, ought to nominate and appoint for every county proper<br />deputies, to meet upon the 1st day of August, in the city of Williamsburg, then<br />and there to consult and agree upon the best and most proper means for carrying<br />into execution these, or any other resolutions, which shall be judged more expe-<br />dient for the purposes aforesaid.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that</em> RICHARD BLAND, <em> and</em> PETER POYTHRESS,<br /><em>esquires, our late worthy representatives, be and they are hereby nominated<br />and appointed deputies, upon the part of the freeholders and inhabitants of this<br />county, to meet such deputies as shall be appointed by the other counties and<br />corporations within the colony, in the city of Williamsburg, upon the 1st day<br />of August next, or at any other time or place for the purposes aforesaid.</em></p>
<p><em> Resolved, that at this important and alarming conjuncture, it be earnestly<br />recommended to the said deputies at the said general convention that they nomi-<br />nate and appoint fit and proper persons, upon the part of this colony, to meet<br />such deputies in a general congress as shall be appointed upon the part of the<br />other continental colonies in America, to consult and agree upon a firm and in-<br />dissoluble union and association for preserving, by the best and most proper<br />means, their common rights and liberties.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that this colony ought not to trade with any colony which shall<br />refuse to join in any union and association that shall be agreed upon by the greater<br />part of the other colonies upon this continent for preserving their common rights<br />and liberties.</em></p>
<p><em>Resolved, that the clerk of this meeting transmit to the printers of both<br />gazettes copies of these resolutions, with the earnest of this county that<br />the other counties and corporations within the colony will appoint deputies to<br />meet at the time and place, and for the purpose of aforesaid.</em><br />THEODORICK BLAND, <em>Clerk of the meeting.</em></p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from a correspondent in</em> Fredericksburg, <em>dated</em> June 2.</p>
<p>Since my return from Williamsburg last Saturday, I have examined<br />the neighboring fields of wheat, and am certain that there will be very<br />little damage sustained by the late frost. As some of the fields were in-<br />jured as much as any in this colony could be, I have hopes that the crops<br />in general must be nearly equal with what was ever expected. I have seen<br />persons from Dunmore, Orange, and Loudoun, who say the wheat in<br />these counties is exceeding fine. The season has been dry, but the con-<br />sequences have been favorable; for a wet season would probably have<br />brought on the rust.”</p>
<p>An express, which arrived at the PALACE last night from colonel<br />Andrew Lewis and colonel Preston, reports, that three or four families<br />have been lately cut off by the Indians, and that upwards of 300 of those<br />barbarians were discovered, about 10 days ago, by the scoutinb parties<br />sent out by colonel Lewis, fortifying themselves just beyond Green Briar.<br />It appears that they were well supplied with guns and ammunition of every<br />kind, and that they are very vigorous in getting themselves in as complete<br />readiness as possible. Six hundred of the frontier inhabitants are already<br />raised, and the number is daily increasing; so that from the activity,<br />prudence, and courage, of colonel Lewis and colonel Preston, and the<br />willingness of the back people to do every thing in their power to serve<br />the country, our case may not be so deplorable as was at first imagined.<br />Another express is hourly expected.</p>
<p>Last Friday Mr. GEORGE ABYVON was elected mayor of the<br />borough of Norfolk.</p>
<p>ACADEMICUS <em>is received, and will be attended to in our next.</em></p>
<p>**As the MEMBERS of the late HOUSE of BURGESSES have<br />referred the consideration of the important matters recommended to<br />them by some of the northern colonies to the first date of August next,<br />it is expected the members who may be chosen at the ensuing election will<br />not fail to meet at the time appointed. There is no necessity to repre-<br />sent to the public what an appearance it would have to keep them longer<br />in suspence about our determination.<br />THE MODERATOR.</p>
<p><em>A</em> BILL <em>for the better regulating the government of the province of the</em><br />MASSACHUSETTS BAY, <em>in</em> NORTH AMERICA.</p>
<p>WHEREAS by letters patent under the great seal of England,<br />made in the 3d year of the reign of their late majesties king<br />William and queen Mary, for uniting, erecting, and incorporating, the<br />several colonies, territories, and tracts of land, therein mentioned, into<br />one real province should from thenceforth be appointed and com-<br />missioned by their majesties, their heirs and successors, it was however<br />granted and ordained, that from the expiration of the term, for and<br />during which the eight and twenty persons named in the said letters<br />patent were appointed to be the first counsellors or assistants to the go-<br />vernor of the said province for the time being, the aforesaid number of<br />28 counsellors or assistants should yearly once every year, for ever there-<br />after, be, by the general court or assembly, newly chosen. And whereas<br />the said method of electing such counsellors or assistants, to be vested<br />with the several powers, authorities, and privileges, therein mentioned,<br />although comfortable to the practice heretofore used, in such of the co-<br />lonies thereby united, in which the appointment of the respective gover-<br />nors had been vested in the general courts or assemblies of the said colonies,<br />hath by repeated experience been found to be extremely ill adapted to the<br />plan of government established in the province of the Massachusetts Bay,<br />by the said letters patent herein before mentioned, and hath been so far<br />from contributing to the attainment of the good ends and purposes there-<br />by intended, and to the promoting of the internal welfare, peace, and<br />good government or to the maintenance of that just subordination to,<br />and conformity with, the laws of Great Britain, that the manner of ex-<br />ercising the power, authorities, and privileges aforesaid, by the persons<br />so annually elected, hath for some time past been such as had the most<br />manifest tendency to obstruct, and in great measure to defeat the execution<br />of the laws, to weaken the attachment of his majesty’s well disposed sub-<br />jects, in the said province, to his Majesty’s government, and to encourage<br />the ill disposed among them to proceed even to acts of direct resistance to,<br />and defiance of, his majesty’s authority; and it hath accordingly happened,<br />that an open resistance to the execution of the laws hath actually taken<br />place in the town of Boston, and the neighborhood thereof, within the<br />said province. And whereas it is, under these circumstances, become<br />absolutely necessary, in order to the preservation of the peace and good<br />order of the said province, the protection of his majesty’s well disposed<br />subjects therein resident, the continuance of the mutual benefits arising<br />from the commerce and correspondence between this kingdom and the<br />said province, and the maintaining of the just dependence of the said pro-<br />vince upon the crown and parliament of Great Britain, that the said<br />method of annually electing the counsellors or assistants of the said pro-<br />vince should no longer be suffered to continue, but that the appointment<br />of the said counsellors or assistants should henceforth be put upon the like<br />footing as is established in such other of his majesty’s colonies or plantati-<br />ions in America, the governors whereof are appointed by his majesty’s<br />commission under the great seal of Great Britain. Be it therefore e-<br />nacted, by the king’s most excellent majesty, by and with the advice and<br />consent of the lords spiritual and temporal, and commons, in this present<br />parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, that from and<br />after the so much of the charter granted by their majesties king<br />William and queen Mary, to the inhabitants of the said province of the<br />Massachusetts Bay, in New England, and all and every clause, matter,<br />and thing, therein contained, which relates to the time and manner of<br />electing the assistants, or counsellors, for the said province, and all elec-<br />tions and appointments of such counsellors and assistants made in pursuance<br />thereof, shall and that from and after the said the<br />council or court of assistants of the said province for the time being shall<br />be composed of such of the inhabitants or proprietors of lands within the<br />same, as shall be heretofore nominated and appointed by his majesty, his<br />heirs and successors, by warrant under his or their signet or sign, manual,<br />and with the advice of the privy council, agreeable to the practice now<br />used in respect to the appointment of counsellors in such of his majesty’s<br />other colonies in America, the governors whereof are appointed by com-<br />mission under the great seal of Great Britain; provided that the number<br />of the said assistants or counsellors shall not at any one time exceed<br />nor be less than And it is hereby further enacted, that the said<br />assistants or counsellors so to be appointed as aforesaid, shall hold their<br />offices respectively, for and during his majesty’s pleasure, his heirs or<br />successors, and shall have and enjoy all the powers, privileges, and immu-<br />nities, at present held, exercised, and enjoyed, by the assistants or coun-<br />sellors of the said province, constituted and elected from time to time,<br />under the said charter, except as herein after excepted; and shall also,<br />upon their admission into the said, council, and before they enter upon the<br />execution of their offices, respectively, take the oaths, and make, repeat,<br />and subscribe, the declaration required, as well by the said charter as by<br />any law or laws of said province now in force, to be taken by the assistants<br />or counsellors, which have been so elected and constituted as aforesaid.<br />And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that from and after,<br />the it shall and may be lawful for his majesty’s governor for the<br />time being, of the said province, or in his absence, for the lieutenant<br />governor to nominate and appoint, under the seal of the province, from<br />time to time, the judges of the interior courts of common pleas, commis-<br />sioners of oyer and terrminer, the attorney general, sheriffs, provosts mar-<br />shals, justices of the peace, and other officers to the council or courts of<br />justice belonging, and to remove the same without the consent of the<br />council; and that all judges of the inferior courts of common pleas, com-<br />missioners of oyer and terminer, the attorney general, sheriff, provosts</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 3</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>marshals, justices, and other officers so appointed by the governor, or in<br />his absence, by the lieutenant governor alone, shall and may have, hold,<br />and exercise, their said offices, powers, and authorities as fully and com-<br />pletely, to all intents and purposes, as any judges of the inferior courts<br />of common pleas, commissioners of oyer and terminer, attorney general,<br />sheriffs, provosts marshals, or other officers, have or might have done<br />heretofore under the letters patent, in the third year of the reign of<br />their late majesties king William and queen Mary, any law, statue, or<br />usage, to the contrary notwithstanding. Provided always, and be it<br />enacted, that nothing herein contained shall extend, or be construed to<br />extend to annul or make void the commission granted before the <br />to any judges of the inferior courts of common pleas, commissioners of<br />oyer and terminer, the attorney general, sheriffs, provosts marshals,<br />justices of the peace, or other officers; but that they may hold and ex-<br />ercise the same, as if this act had never been made, until the same shall<br />be determined by death, removal by the governor, or other avoidance,<br />as the case may happen. And be it further enacted by the authority<br />aforesaid , that upon ever vacancy of the offices of chief justice and judges<br />of th e superior court of the said province, from and after the <br />the governor for the time being, or in his absence the lieutenant go-<br />vernor, without the consent of the council, shall have full power and<br />authority to nominate and appoint the persons to succeed to the said<br />offices, who shall hold their commissions during the pleasure of his ma-<br />jesty his heirs and successors; and that neither the chief justice and<br />judges appointed before the said nor those who shall hereafter be<br />appointed pursuant to this act, shall be removed, unless by order of his<br />majesty, his heirs or successors, under his or their sign manual. And be<br />it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that the governor, lieute-<br />nant governor, chief justice, the judges of the superior court, and the<br />secretary of the said province, for the time being, shall be, and they are<br />hereby appointed, during their continuance in their respective offices,<br />justices of the peace in and for every county of the said province, and shall<br />and may have, hold, and enjoy, all the powers and authorities given to<br />the justices of the peace by virtue of their commission, or by any act of<br />the general court of the said province. And whereas by an act of the<br />general court of the said province, made in the fourth year of the reign<br />of their late majesties king William and queen Mary, intituled ”an act<br />for regulating of townships, choice of town officers, and setting forth<br />their power,” the freeholders and inhabitants of the several townships,<br />rateable at twenty pounds estate, are authorized to assemble together, in<br />the month of March in every year, upon notice given by the constable,<br />or such other as the select men of the town shall appoint, for the choice<br />of select men, constables and other officers; and the freeholders and inha-<br />bitants are also impowered to make and agree upon such necessary rules,<br />orders, and bye-laws, for the directing, managing, and ordering, the<br />prudential affairs, and to annex penalties for the non observance of the<br />same, not exceeding twenty shillings for one offence; provided they be<br />not repugnant to the general laws of the said province. And whereas a<br />great abuse has been made of the power of such meetings, and the inha-<br />bitants have, contrary to the design of their institution, been misled to<br />treat upon matters of the most general concern, and to pass many danger-<br />ours and unwarrantable resolves; for remedy whereof, be it enacted, that<br />from and after the no town meeting shall be called by the select<br />men, or at the request of any number of freeholders, without the leave<br />of the governor in writing, expressing the special business of the said<br />meeting, first had and obtained, except the annual meeting, in the<br />month of March, for the choice of select men, constables, and other<br />officers; and that no other matter shall be treated of at such meeting<br />except the election of their aforesaid officers, nor at any other meeting,<br />except the business expressed in the leave given by the governor. And<br />whereas, in pursuance of an act of assembly of the said province, made<br />in the 7th year of the reign of William the third, and three other acts<br />of assembly made in the eleventh year of the same reign, jurors, as well<br />grand as petty, have been usually summoned and returned by the con-<br />stables of the several towns, by virtue of writs or warrants directed to<br />them by the clerks of the several courts, requiring them to assemble the<br />inhabitants of the said towns, to chuse fit persons to serve as jurors for<br />such towns, and to summon and return such persons so chosen; which<br />practice of chusing jurors, and returning them, without the intervention<br />of the sheriff, has been found to be detrimental to the administration of<br />justice; be it therefore enacted by the authority aforesaid, that from and<br />after the next ensuing, so much of the said acts of assembly, and<br />of all other laws now in force, withing the said province, as directs the re-<br />turns of juries to be made by the constables, by an election of the inha-<br />bitants of the several towns, shall and all jurors, as well grand<br />as petty , shall be returned by the sheriffs of the several counties, and no<br />otherwise; and the justices of the superior court of the said province, at<br />a convenient time before the sitting of the superior court in every county,<br />and the justices of the peace for every county in the said province, at a<br />convenient time before the sitting of the quarter session of such county,<br />shall issue their precepts or warrants to the sheriff of such county, for<br />such several courts respectively to summon, out of the freeholders and<br />inhabitants of such county qualified to serve upon juries, such a number<br />of good and lawful men as such precept or warrant shall direct, to serve<br />upon the grand jury at such respective court; and such persons so sum-<br />moned and returned by the said sheriff, or such of them as shall appear,<br />shall be impannelled and sworn the grand inquest for the body of the<br />county, and shall continue as such during the sitting of such respective<br />court, and until they shall be dismissed by the same; and in all indict-<br />ments, information, actions, and causes depending before the superior<br />court, or any court of quarter session, or court of common pleas, in the<br />said province, which shall be at issue, and ordered for trial, the juries<br />shall be summoned, impannelled, and returned, by the sheriff of the<br />country, out of the freeholders and inhabitants of the said county qualified<br />to serve upon juries, and shall be chosen and arrayed in such manner and<br />form, and by and with such regulations and restrictions, as is directed<br />and ordered in and by an act of parliament, made in the seventh and<br />eighth years of the reign of his late majesty king William the third, in<br />tituled “an act for the ease of jurors, and better regulating of juries;”<br />and one other act, made in the eighth and ninth years of the same reign,<br />intituled “an act to enable the returns of juries as formerly, until the<br />first day of November, one thousand six hundred and ninety seven;” and<br />one other act of parliament, ,made in the third year of the reign of his<br />late majesty king George the second, intitled “an act for the better<br />regulation of juries; and one other act, made in the twenty fourth year<br />of the same reign, intituled “an act for the better regulation of trials by<br />jury, and for enlarging the time for trials by nisi prius, iin the country of<br />Middlesex.” And be it further enacted, by the authority aforesaid, that<br />lists of the freeholders and inhabitants of the several towns, qualified<br />to serve upon juries, shall be returned to, and recoded at, the quarter<br />sessions of the several counties, and shall be delivered to the several<br />sheriffs in manner and form as directed by the said acts of parliament, or<br />any of them; and until such lists of such freeholders and inhabitants shall<br />be delivered as aforesaid, the sheriff of any county shall and may summon<br />and return fit persons to serve upon juries as aforesaid, out of the body of<br />the freeholders and inhabitants of the county, qualified to serve upon<br />juries, according to his judgment and discretion; and whenever the<br />judges of the superior court shall award a special jury to be struck (which<br />they are hereby authorized and impowered to do in such manner as special<br />juries have been usually struck in the court at Westminster at trials at bar)<br />and if the sheriff of the county in which such jury shall be awarded shall<br />not have received lists of the freeholders and inhabitants qualified to serve<br />upon juries, as herein before ordered and directed, such sheriff shall attend<br />the proper office of the said court with a list of of the principal<br />freeholders and inhabitants of the said county qualified to serve upon<br />juries, and the said special jury shall be struck out of the said list; and<br />it shall and may be lawful for the justices of the said superior court, and<br />they are hereby authorized and empowered upon the motion of either of<br />the parties, in any cause or action which shall be brought to issue, to order<br />the said cause or action to be tried in any county, other than the county<br />in which the said cause or action which shall have been brought or laid, by a<br />jury of such other county, as they shall judge fit and proper, any act of<br />assembly or provincial law to the contrary notwithstanding. And be it<br />further enacted, by the authority aforesaid, that all clerks of courts,<br />sheriffs , constables, and other persons within the said province, to whom<br />the ordering, making, delivering, or recording the lists of the freeholders<br />and inhabitants qualified to serve upon juries aforesaid, shall belong or<br />appertain, according to the true intent and meaning of this present act,<br />and the aid acts hereby referred to, who shall be guilty of any willful<br />neglect, default or misfeasance, in carrying into execution this act,<br />according to its true intent and meaning, shall incur and suffer such fines<br />and penalties as are severally mentioned in the said acts of parliament<br />hereby referred to; and all persons who being duly qualified as aforesaid,<br />shall be dully summoned to serve upon juries in manner aforesaid, and<br />shall not attend such service, shall incur and suffer such fines and penalties<br />as by the laws of the said province, jurors making default are now subject<br />to. And be it further enacted, by the authority aforesaid, that if any<br />action shall be brought against any sheriff, for what he shall do in execu-<br />tion, or by virtue of this act, he may plead the general issue, and give<br />the special matter in evidence; and if a verdict shall be found for him,<br />he shall recover costs.</p>
<p>FRIDAY, JULY 1.</p>
<p>This afternoon, at 4 o’clock, the northern post arrived; but as he has<br />brought nothing of very great moment, and as our paper is already chiefly</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>filled with the proceedings of this colony, and some interesting pieces<br />relative thereto, we shall select only a few articles, which we think the<br />most material that have occurred since our last.</p>
<p>The number of governor Hutchinson’s addressers, consisting of <em>mer-<br />chants, shopkeepers, pedlars, pettifoggers,</em> &amp.c. amounted to ONE HUNDRED<br />AND FORTY; and, it is said, great pains were taken throughout Boston,<br />and many other towns, to procure that number, which must certainly<br />appear very contemptible, when it is considered, that there are full <em>four<br />hundred thousand</em> inhabitants in that province.</p>
<p>The house of representatives of the English colony of Connecticut have<br />come into very spirited resolves; they acknowledge all due obedience<br />and loyalty to their sovereign, that they are ever willing to support him<br />to the utmost of their power; but, they say, “that the late act of par-<br />liament, inflicting pains and penalties on the town of Boston, by blocking<br />up their harbour, is a precedent justly alarming to the British colonies in<br />America, and wholly inconsistent with, and subversive of, their constitu-<br />tional rights and liberties.”</p>
<p>General Gage has been addressed by a great number of the principal<br />people of Boston, imploring his kind endeavours to assist them as far as<br />possible in procuring redress with respect to the Boston port bill, and,<br />with his usual benevolence, promises every thing to effect so desirable a<br />purpose; but as his excellency mentions in his answer that he has re-<br />ceived particular commands for holding the general court at Salem,<br />”from the 1st day of June until his majesty shall have signified his royal<br />will and pleasure for holding it again at Boston,” they have remonstrated<br />against it in the most express terms, and declare they are entirely at a loss<br />for the cause of this command, and cannot conceive any public utility<br />arising from it, more especially as they and their constituents are now<br />suffering the greatest inconveniences in consequence of the same.-----And<br />here follow the resolves of the house of representatives, before they pro-<br />ceded to business in Salem, on Wednesday last, which were ordered to<br />be entered on their journals:</p>
<p>Resolved, that by the royal charter of this province, the power of con-<br />vening, proroguing, and adjourning, the great and general court or<br />assembly, from time to time, is vetted in the governor, to be exercised<br />as he shall judge necessary, and for the good of the people; therefore</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is clearly the opinion of this house, that whensoever<br />the governor of the province doth convene or hold the general assembly<br />at any time or place unnecessarily, or merely in obedience to an instructi-<br />on, and without exercising that judgement and discretion of his own,<br />with which by charter he is specially vested for the good of the province,<br />it is manifestly inconsistent with the letter, as well as the spirit and in-<br />tention, of the charter.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the town of Boston hath, from the earliest times of<br />this province, been judged, and still is, on various accounts, the most<br />convenient place for holding the general assembly, and accordingly ample<br />provision is there made for the accommodation of the said general assem-<br />bly, at a very great expence to the people of this province.</p>
<p>Resolved, as the clear opinion of this house, that the general assem-<br />ly cannot be removed from its ancient seat, the courthouse in Boston<br />and held in any other place, without great and manifold inconveniencies<br />to the members thereof, and injury and damage to those who have ne-<br />cessary business to transact with the said general assembly; may of<br />which in inconveniencies have been clearly stated, and expressed by former<br />house of representatives, as appear by their journals.</p>
<p>Resolved, tha this house can see no necessity for the removal of the<br />general assembly from its ancient, and only convenient place, the court-<br />house in Boston to the town of Salem; and the removal of the said<br />assembly from the courthouse in Boston, without necessity, is at all times<br />to be considered a very great grievance.</p>
<p>Last Wednesday his excellency governor Wentworth, of Newhampshite,<br />sent the following message to the honourable house of representatives,<br />then sitting at Portsmouth:</p>
<p><em>Mr.</em> SPEAKERS, <em>and</em> GENTLEMEN <em>of the</em> ASSEMBLY,</p>
<p>”As I look upon the measures entered upon by the house of assembly<br />to be inconsistent with his majesty’s service, and the good of this govern-<br />ment, it is my duty, as far as in me lies, to prevent any detriment that<br />might arise from such proceedings, I do therefore hereby dissolve the<br />general assembly of this province, and it is dissolved accordingly.”</p>
<p>It has been lately proposed, by some writers in England, to have an<br />American LAND TAX, equal to what it is in Great Britain.</p>
<p>The public are hereby assured that a paragraph lately published in Mr.<br />Holt’s paper, intimating that Dr. Franklin’s successor in the general<br />postoffice has power to open all letters from the committees of corre-<br />spondence in this country is an atrocious falsehood.</p>
<p>The port of Boston was on Tuesday last cleared of every vessel intended<br />for sea, it being the sdy on which the late act of parliament prescribes<br />that no vessel, except in his majesty’s service, shall be allowed to depart<br />from that port until the king in council may be pleased to suspend its<br />operation</p>
<p><em>To Mr.</em> BOLLING STARK.<br />SIR,</p>
<p>IN answer to your advertisement in Mrs. <em>Rind’s</em> paper of the 16th<br />instant, I can inform you that <em>James Young,</em> therein mentioned, died<br />in <em>Westmoreland</em> county, at the house of Mr. <em>Edward Sanford,</em> near the<br />courthouse, in <em>February</em> 1765; that Mr. <em>Sanford,</em> in the same month,<br />administered on his estate, which amounted to no more than 7l. 19s.<br />as appears by the inventory returned in <em>May</em> following, and consisted of<br />little or nothing but his joiners tools. He died unmarried, and without<br />issue. I <em>am,</em> SIR, <em>your humble servant,</em><br />JAMES DAVENPORT.<br />WESTMORELAND,<br /><em>June</em> 24, 1774.</p>
<p>PURSUSNT to a decree of the honourable the general court, and by<br />letter of attorney from Colonel <em>George Mercer,</em> of <br />Virginia, now<br />in <em>London</em>, will be sold, at public auction, about 3500 ACRES of<br />LAND, in the county of <em>Loudoun,</em> near <em>West’s</em> ordinary, about 12<br />miles from <em>Leesburg,</em> 40 from <em>Alexandria,</em> and 35 from <em>Dumfries,</em> on<br /><em>Potowmack.</em> This LAND is well known by the description of the<br />BULL RUN MOUNTAINS, and is very fertile. Also 6500 acres on<br /><em>Shanandoah</em> river, in the county of <em>Frederick,</em> opposite to <em>Snicker’s</em> ordi<br />nary, and binding on the river about 7 miles. As this tract is part of a <br />survey, one of the first in that part of the colony, its quality cannot be<br />questioned; it is well watered, will admit of 2 mills on land streams,<br />and others on the river. There are now in it 6 plantations, well im-<br />proved for cropping, 110 slaves, and very large and choice stocks of<br />horses (some of the dray breed) black cattle, hogs, and sheep, which,<br />together with the crops of corn and wheat now growing (expected to be<br />upwards of 2000 barrels, and 5000 bushels) will be sold, on the pre-<br />mises , on the 24th of <em>November</em> next, or next fair day. The <em>Loudoun</em><br />lands will be sold at <em>West’s</em> ordinary on the 31st day of the same month,<br />and both tracts laid off in lots to suit every kind of purchaser, who may<br />see them by applying to Mr. <em>Francis Peyton,</em> living near the <em>Loudoun</em> <br />lands, and Mr. <em>William Dawson,</em> who resides on the <em>Shanandoah</em> tract.<br />Among the slaves are two good blacksmiths, two carpenters, and an ex-<br />ceeding trusty and skilful waggoner. The aged black cattle and grown<br />hogs will be fattened for slaughter. Purchasers above 25 pound will be<br />allowed credit for 12 months, on giving bond and security to the sub-<br />cribers, who will be prepared to make conveyances.<br />JOHN TAYLOE<br />GEORGE WASHONGTON.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, <em>June</em> 20, 1774.</p>
<p>WHEREAS the concern of <em>Hector Mac Alester</em> and company was<br />dissolved on the first instant, the partners thereof, from a desire<br />of bringing their affairs to a speedy conclusion, once more request all per-<br />sons indebted to them to make immediate payment, either to <em>Robert Do-<br />nald,</em> of <em>Warwick,</em> or the subscriber, in <em>Norfolk;</em> and as it is not in their<br />power to extend father the indulgence which, for a long time, has been<br />granted to many, they hope that due regard will be paid to this applica-<br />tion. Those who have any demands against the said concern are desired<br />to make them known, that they may be adjusted and paid. The sub-<br />scriber will continue to do business int his place on his own account, and<br />solicits the favours of his friends.<br />HECTOR MAC ALESTER.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,</p>
<p>TWO thousand six hundred and seventy five ACRES of LAND<br />in <em>Gloucester</em> county, lying in <em>Petworth</em> parish, upon which there<br />is a very good mill on an excellent stream of water. It will be laid off<br />in lots for the convenience of purchasers; and as it is entailed land, ap-<br />plication will be made to the next general assembly for an act to dock the<br />entail. Mr.<em>Lewis Booker</em> will shew the land, and make known the<br />terms. WILSON M. CARY</p>
<p>TO BE SOLD, UPON LONG CREDIT,</p>
<p>NINE hundred ACRES of good corn LAND, lying withing three<br />miles of <em>Suffolk</em> courthouse; it is well timbered, &amp.c, Also five<br />hundred and eighty two ACRES of very valuable LAND, lying in<br /><em>Brunswick</em> county, near <em>Sword’s Bridge.</em> On it is a good dwellinghouse,<br />and several necessary out houses; the planation is in good order for<br />cropping, with six or eight hands. Those inclined to purchase may know<br />the terms by applying to the subscriber, living on the last mentioned<br />premises. W, MASON.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>To be SOLD, on Thursday the 1st of September, at<br />Hanover courthouse,<br />A TRACT of LAND in Hanover county, containing<br />795 acres, adjoining the lands of Mr. Trueheart<br />and Mr. Geddes Winston, is about 14 miles from Page’s<br />warehouse, and about twelve from the town of Rich-<br />mond. There is a large quantity of excellent pine tim-<br />ber upon it, the soil is good for wheat and Indian corn,<br />and the whole is divided into lots of 265 acres each, for<br />the convenience of purchasers. Credit will be allowed<br />until October 1775, the purchasers giving bond and se-<br />curity; and the bonds to carry interest from the date,<br />if not discharged when they become due.<br />LEWIS BURWELL,<br />LEWIS BURWELL, junior,<br />ANNECAMPBELL.<br />KINGSMILL,<br />JUNE 22, 1774.<br />3</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>on</em> Thursday <em>the</em> 7th <em>of</em> July, <em>at the house wherein Mrs</em><br />Mary Singleton <em>lives, in</em> Williamsburg,</p>
<p>THE HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE <em>of the late</em> Mr. <em>Richard<br />Hunt Singleton.</em> Credit will be allowed till <em>November</em> next for all<br />sums above TWENTY SIX SHILLINGS, the purchaser giving bond<br />and approved security.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />TWO thousand ACRES of exceeding fine LAND for tobacco,<br />wheat, or <em>Indian</em> corn, lying on both sides of <em>Bull Run,</em> in <em>Loudoun</em><br />and <em>Prince William,</em> about 300 acres of which are rich low ground and<br />about ten miles of two other merchant mills in <em>Loudoun;</em> thirty miles<br />from <em>Colchester, Alexandria,</em> and <em>Dumfries.</em> If any person or persons in-<br />cline to purchase the whole, or any part of the said lands, they may be<br />shewn them, and know the terms, by applying to captain <em>Francis Peyton,</em><br />in <em>Loudoun</em> county, who has full power to treat for the same, or to the<br />subscriber. It is laid off in lots of two, three, and four hundred acres,<br />with an equal quantity of low ground and meadow land to each lot.<br />1 m tf) ROBERT BURWELL.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, about a fortnight ago, a mulatto<br />fellow named CORNELIUS, who is well known in <em>York,<br />Gloucester,</em> and most counties in <em>Virginia,</em> having travelled with me for<br />several years though different parts of the colony. When he first<br />eloped it was imagined he would have gone to <em>Carolina;</em> but within these<br />ten days he was met about 3 miles from <em>Gloucester</em>town, in company<br />with a mulatto woman of Mr. <em>Dedman’s, of York,</em> who is said to be his<br />wife. Whoever apprehends the above mentioned fellow, and will de-<br />liver him to me, shall receive THREE POUNDS reward, over and<br />above what is allowed by act of assembly.<br />’3’ J. H. NORTON.</p>
<p>RUN away on the 16th instant <em>(June)</em> from the subscriber in <em>Au-<br />gusta,</em> a negro man named BACCHUS, a thick, strong, well<br />made fellow about 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, 30 years of age; took<br />with him two white ruffia drill coats, one turned up with blue, the<br />other is quite new, plain made, with white figured metal buttons; also<br />a pair of blue plush breeches, a fine cloth pompadour waistcoat, two or<br />three thin or summer jackets, sundry pair of white thread stockings, 5<br />or 6 white shirts, two of them pretty fine, neat shoes, silver buckles,<br />a fine hat, cut and cocked in the macaroni figure, a double milled drab<br />great coat, and sundry other wearing apparel. He formerly belonged to<br />Doctor <em>George Pitt,</em> in <em>Williamsburg,</em> and I imagine is gone there, under<br />pretence of my sending him upon business as I have frequently heretofore<br />done. He is cunning, artful, and sensible, and very capable of forging<br />a tale to impose on the unwary, is well acquainted with the lower parts of<br />the country, having constantly rode with me for some years past, and has<br />been used to waiting from his infancy. He was seen a few days before<br />he went off with a purse of dollars, and had just changed a 5l. bill; most<br />or all of which, I suppose he must have robbed me of, which he might<br />easily have done, as I trusted him much, and placed too great a confi-<br />dence in his fidelity. It is probable he may endeavour to pass as a free<br />man, by the name of <em>John Christian,</em> and endeavour to get on board<br />some vessel bound for <em>Great Britain,</em> from a knowledge he has of the late<br />determination of <em>Somerset’s</em> café. Whoever takes up the said slave, and<br />delivers him to me, shall receive FIVE POUNDS.<br />’4’ GABRIEL JONES.</p>
<p>TEN POUND REWARD.<br />RUN away from the subscriber, near the fourth branch of <em>Meherrin</em><br />river, in <em>Mecklenburg</em> county, a negro man named BOB, about 5<br />fee 9 inches high, 26 years old, <br />Virginia born, is very sensible, has bad<br />teeth, speaks very hoarse, and has a small mark on his upper lip; his<br />forehead, which is fleshy, hangs much over his eyes, and makes a dent<br />in his nose joining his forehead. He is a little bow-legged, and his feet<br />are large; can make shoes, play on the fiddle, and is fond of signing with<br />it; he passes as a free man, and calls himself ROBERT CHAVER S.<br />He broke <em>Norfolk</em> goal in <em>May</em> last, was seen at <em>Craney Island,</em> and is sup-<br />posed to be gone towards <em>Hampton.</em> Whoever delivers him to me shall<br />have the above reward, or FIVE POUNDS to secure him in any goal,<br />so that I get him again. I forewarn all masters of vessels from taking<br />him out of the colony at their peril.<br />(2) RICHARD WITTON.</p>
<p>STRAYED from the subscriber, in <em>Hanover</em> county, some time in<br /><em>April</em> last, a black horse colt, 2 years old last spring, about 4 feet 2<br />or 3 inches high, neither cut, docked, or branded, and is rather slender<br />made. I imagine he is up the country, as he was seen that way, in<br />company with a black beast. Whoever will deliver him to me shall have<br />TWENTY SHILLINGS, besides what the law allows.<br />’3’ AUGUSTINE LONGAN.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, near <em>Naylor’s Hole,</em> an old roan sorrel horse, about 4 feet<br />7 inches high, with a large star in his forehead, both hind feet white,<br />has a lump a little below the hock of his left hind leg, which occasions<br />him to limp, a short sprig tail, and small thin mane, but no perceivable<br />brand. Posted, and appraised to 3l. 10s.<br />FAUNTELROY DYE.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Essex,</em> a middle fixed grey horse, about four feet seven<br />or right inches high, paces and trots, is rather dull, and branded on<br />the near buttock ***. Posted, and appraised to 11l.<br />JOHN EDMONDSON, junior.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Goochland,</em> a white mare, 4 feet 7 inches high, about<br />10 years old, branded on the near buttock T A, is a little fleabitten,<br />has a hanging mane and switch tale, and is in good order. Posted, and<br />appraised to 12l.<br />() RICHARD WADE.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, ikkkn the fork of <em>Robinson</em> river, <em>Culpepper</em> county, a dark<br />bay horse, about 4 feet, 9 inches high, branded on the near shoulder<br />I, and on the near buttock G, has a small star in his forehead, and ap-<br />peears to be old. Posted, and appraised to 5l.<br />() JOHN JACKSON.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, June 20, 1774.<br />LOST, a WARRANT, under the hand and seal of<br />his excellency the earl of Dunmore, granted to<br />Edward Wilkinson, and by him assigned to me, for 200<br />acres of land in Augusta, on the western waters, directed<br />to the surveyor of that county. Any person that will<br />deliver the same to Mr. James Southall, of this city, or<br />to me, in Berkely county, shall have 20s. The public<br />are hereby warned against taking a conveyance of the<br />said warrant; and the several surveyors are requested to<br />observe this advertisement. 2+ R. RUTHERFORD.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, June 13, 1774.<br />THE <em>subscribers have for</em> SALE MADERIRA <em>WINE,</em><br />BARBADOS <em>RUM, CANE, SPIRIT, and</em><br />MUSCADO <em>SUGAR.</em><br />PHRIPP and BOWDOIN.</p>
<p>To be SOLD cheap, for ready money,<br />A FOUR WHEELED SULKEY,<br /><em>for a single horse; also a horse for<br />the saddle or chaise, but would best suit a<br />lady’s riding. Enquire of the printer.</em></p>
<p><em>Warwick,</em> June 15, 1774.<br />INTEND to leave the colony soon.<br />JAMES RIDDELL.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>TO BE SOLD.<br />A TRACT of LAND in Berkley and Frederick<br />counties, containing 12,076 acres; it lies 7 miles<br />on each side of Shenando river, the quantity on the east<br />side, being only a slip of low ground, is inconsiderable;<br />the quality of the land is remarkably good, and the con-<br />veniencies attending it great. There are two plentiful<br />streams of water running through marshes three miles in<br />length, some of which are already reclaimed meadows,<br />and the rest, at a very small expence, might soon be re-<br />duced to the like state. On each side of the streams mills<br />might be erected and furnaces, the land affording stone,<br />lime, iron, and lead ore. On one of the streams I have<br />already erected a complete merchant mill, with a pair of<br />the best French burrs for grinding of wheat, and a pair of<br />common stones for grinding of Indian corn; besides<br />this, there is near the dwelling house a tub mill, and on<br />the other stream there is a valuable saw mill. There <br />are five settled and improved plantations; on one of<br />them is a good stone house, 2 stories high, with 2 rooms<br />on a floor, a kitchen, dairy, and all other convenient out-<br />houses; on another plantation, where Michael Pike lived,<br />there is a good stone house; and at the other plantations<br />there are overseers houses, negro quarters, barns, stables,<br />tobacco houses, &c. The above tract shall be either par-<br />tioned off in lots of 1000 or 500 acres, or sold bodily to<br />one purchaser. Belonging to this estate there are 112<br />negroes to be disposed of, together with all the stocks of<br />cattle, equal to any in the colony, horses, mares, colts,<br />hogs, &c. likewise all the necessary implements for the<br />planter or farmer. Any person or persons inclinable to<br />purchase are desired to make their proposals to me at<br />Rosegill, on Rappahannoch river, or to leave them with<br />the overseer, who lives at the house plantation, and will<br />shew the land. In November I shall be on the premises,<br />and may then be personally treated with. Part of this<br />land, and some of the negroes, belong to my eldest son,<br />who leaves to me the disposition thereof, and will confirm<br />any engagement I enter into on his part.<br />6 RALPH WORMELEY.</p>
<p>NOTICE is hereby given that there are now remain-<br />ing in Osborne’s warehouse, in Chesterfield county,<br />ten hogsheads of tobacco (numbers, weights, and names,<br />as follow) which have been inspected upwards of 3 years.<br />No. Gr. Ta. Nett. Planters names.<br />541 1300 143 1157 Joseph Friend, a note out.<br />701 1213 128 1085 James R. Bradby.<br />1270 1170 132 1038 John Hill (P. Edward) a note out.<br />1864 1063 121 942 Hen. Cox (Charlotte) a note out.<br />2147 1000 141 859 John Noel (AB) stem. hogshead.<br />2159 1028 107 921 Mrs. Anne Booker (Wentenham)<br />2828 1263 127 1136 John Pleasant.<br />2842 1007 120 887 Drury Thompson.<br />2921 1157 114 1043 Hen. Cox (Charlotte) a note out.<br />2963 1300 113 1187 Lewis Shelton.<br /><em>Edwards &c. Graves.</em></p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />A TRACT of LAND containing 456 acres,<br />lying in the upper end of Hanover country, on the<br />main road that leads from Hanover town to the moun-<br />tains, on which is a good dwelling house, and several<br />out houses. The plantation is in good order, and suffici-<br />ent to work 5 or 6 hands. The terms may be known by<br />applying to Mr. David Anderson, of Hanover, who will<br />shew the land, or to the subscriber, in Albemarle.<br />RICHARD ANDERSON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />A WELL accustomed ORDINARY in the town of<br />Blandford, which has always rented for 75. A<br />year, it having many valuable improvements and con-<br />veniencies. Any person inclining to view the premises,<br />and to be acquainted with the terms, ,may apply to the<br />subscriber near said town; who will also dispose of the<br />household and kitchen furniture, if it suits the purchaser.<br />JOHN BUTLER, senior.</p>
<p>YORK TOWN, June 16, 1774.<br />RUN away last night from the ship London, at an-<br />chor before this town, William Beckly, and Ned,<br />or Margate, two young seamen belonging to the said<br />ship, who also stole the jolly boat, and some provisions;<br />the boat has the ship’s name on some part of her and on<br />the oars, is painted white, has a white bottom, and is<br />very small. A reward of 20s. will be given for the sailors<br />and the same for the boat, besides, what the laws allows’<br />upon their being brought to the shop. ‘<br />MOSES ROBERTSON.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, about the 20th of<br />April last, a mulatto fellow named Peter Brown, a<br />painter by trade, but can do carpenter’s work; he is 35<br />or 40 years of age, of a dark complexion, five feet eight<br />or nine inches high, slim made, and has a thin visage,<br />has lost several of his upper foreteeth, is fond of singing.<br />and can sing well. The said fellow has several suits of<br />clothes, therefore I cannot describe his dress. He was<br />some years past tried for a robbery, but obtained the<br />governor’s pardon on suffering one year’s imprisonment;<br />after that he was sold to Mr. John Fox, of Gloucester,<br />with whom he lived one or two years; he then run away,<br />and passed for a free man in the counties of King Wil-<br />liam, Caroline, and Hanover, where he was taken up<br />and brought home. As he has a wife at Mr. Benjamin<br />Hubbard’s, it is likely he may be lurking in that neigh-<br />bourhood, and as he was raised in Petersburg, it is very<br />probable he may be in those parts. Whoever will take<br />up the said runaway, and deliver him to me, at Osborne’s,<br />shall receive FORTY SHILLINGS reward.<br />PETERFIELD TRENT.<br />***All persons are forbid harbouring or carrying<br />him out of the colony. 3</p>
<p>As I purpose giving up the charge of the store now<br />under my management at Petersburg, on account<br />of Mess. William Cuningham and company, of Glasgow,<br />to Mr. Alexander Hanburgh, on the 1st of September<br />next, I beg the favour of all those who have had dealings<br />with me on account of the above mentioned company,<br />to settle their accounts before that time, and grant bond,<br />or some other specialty, that no dispute may arise there-<br />after. The store will be supplied with goods, and carried<br />on to the same extent as usual by Mr. Hanburgh.<br />3 THOMSAS GORDON.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>TAKEN up, in Bedford, a small dark bay, or black<br />horse, about 9 or 10 years old, about 4 feet 10<br />inches high, branded on the near shoulder W P, and on<br />the near buttock W, trots and paces, has a hanging<br />mane and switch tail, is shod all round, and has some<br />saddle spots. JOHN CLARK.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Pittsylvania, a dark bay gelding, 5<br />years old, 14 hands high, branded X on the near<br />shoulder, and something resembling the same mark on<br />the near buttock, but is scarcely perceivable, and is shod<br />before with shoes remarkably broad, has a small star in<br />his forehead, and a saddle spot on each side. Posted,<br />and appraised to 10l. Also a brindle cow, 10 yeasr old,<br />marked with a crop in the left ear, and appraised to 2l.<br />Likewise a red heifer, with a white face, about 3 years<br />old, unmarked, appraised to 1l. 10s.<br />PETER COPLAND.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Pittsylvania, a dark grey gelding,<br />branded S H on the near shoulder, and H S on<br />the near buttock, about 7 years old, 4 feet 5 inches<br />high, and had on a bell and collar. Appraised to 7l.<br />10s. AMBROSE JONES.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Hanover county, near the Fork<br />Church, a black heifer, with a mealy nose, about<br />three years old, not marked. Posted, and appraised<br />to 1l. JOHN HENDRICK.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Bedford, a mouse coloured mare,<br />about 2 year old, 4 feet 4 inches high, one half<br />of her off hind foot white, docked, but not branded.<br />Appraised to 8l. <em>Alexander Butler.</em></p>
<p>Top be SOLD, at BELVOIR,<br />THE seat of the honourable George William Fair-<br />fax, esquire, in Fairfax county, on Monday the<br />15th of August next (pursuant to his direction) all his<br />HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE of<br />every kind, consisting of beds and their furniture, tables<br />and chairs, and every other necessary article, mostly new,<br />and very elegant. Ready money will be expected from<br />every purchaser under five pounds, and twelve months<br />credit allowed those who exceed that sum, upon their<br />giving bond, with approved security; to carry interest<br />from the date if the money is not paid within forty days<br />after it becomes due.<br />6 FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.</p>
<p><em>To be RENTED</em><br />FROM YEAR TO YEAR, OR FOR A TERM OF YEARS,<br />B E L V O I R,<br />THE beautiful seat of the honourable George William<br />Fairfax, esquire, lying upon Potowmack river, in<br />Fairfax county, about 14 miles below Alexandria. The<br />mansion house is of brick, two story high, with four con-<br />venient rooms and a large passage upon the lower floor,<br />five rooms and a passage on the second, and a servants<br />hall and cellars below; convenient offices, stables, and<br />coach house, adjoining, as also a large and well furnish-<br />ed garden, stored with great variety of valuable fruits, in<br />good order. Appertaining to the tract on which these<br />improvements are, and which contains near 2000 acres<br />(surrounded, in a manner, by navigable water) are se-<br />veral valuable fisheries, and a good deal of cleared land<br />in different parts, which may be let altogether, or sepa-<br />rately, as shall be found most convenient. The terms<br />may be known of Colonel Washington, who lives near<br />the premises, or of me, in Berkeley county.<br />tf FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, pursuant to an act of assembly, on Mon-<br />dny the 1st of August next, being Prince William<br />court day,<br />THE glebe lands of Dettingen parish, in the said<br />county, adjoining the lands of the present incum-<br />bent the reverend James Scott, situate on Quantico Run,<br />about 9 miles from Dumfries, and containing about 400<br />acres. The soil is good for wheat or tobacco, and there<br />may be got a considerable quantity on the same.<br />3 HENRY LEE,<br />LEWIS RENO, churchwardens.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, at Goochland court-<br />house, on Monday the 18th of July, being court day,<br />A TRACT of rich, well timbered LAND, lyng<br />opposite to Elk Island, in Goochland county, be-<br />longing to the estate of Mr. John Smith, deceased, con-<br />taining 2000 acres, which will be put up in four separate<br />lots. Likewise a tract containing between 3 and 400<br />acres, lying on both sides of the Little Bird creek, near<br />the head thereof, in the aforesaid county. Those lands<br />having been fully described in a former advertisement<br />renders it unnecessary here. Then time of payment will<br />be made known on the day of sale, and bonds, with good<br />security, required of the purchasers.<br />9 WILLIAM ANDERSON, executor.<br />+++The meeting of the merchants in Williamsburg,<br />having prevented me from attending on the 20th of<br />June, it may be necessary to assure the public that the<br />above mentioned land will certainly be sold on the day<br />now appointed. The purchasers at the different sales of<br />the slaves and personal estates of Joseph and John Smith,<br />deceased, are desired to take notice, that their bonds<br />will carry interest from the date, if not paid by the 1st<br />of July, which, added to the distressed situation of those<br />estates, I hope, will induce them to make immediate<br />payment.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.<br />NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels<br />will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000<br />tons of stone from Mr. Brooke’s quarry, on Rappahan-<br />nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light-<br />house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work<br />are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Loyall,<br />and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors<br />of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or<br />two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burthen.<br />tf BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>THE clearing the Seven Island falls, in James river,<br />will be let to the lowest bidder, on the 3d Thurs-<br />day in August next, at which time any person inclinable<br />to undertake the same may depend on meeting a sufficient<br />number of trustees at the place, who will pay down one<br />half of the money, upon the undertaker’s giving bond<br />and security for the performance of the same.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p><em>For S A L E,</em><br />A TRACT of land, on Charles river, York county,<br />containing about 600 acres, part of which is marsh,<br />that may be drained with very little expence. The situ-<br />ation of this places is very convenient for a family, as it<br />lies upon a river that abounds with oysters and fine fish,<br />particularly sheepsheads; it is within 200 yards of a mill,<br />and 2 miles of the church. My reason for selling it is<br />my having bought a tract of land more convenient to me.<br />Whoever inclines to purchase may know the terms by<br />applying to the subscriber, in York town.<br />THOMAS NELSON, junior.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />And to be ENTERED upon at CHRISTMAS next,<br />A VERY valuable tract of LAND in King William<br />county, on Pamunkey river, adjoining the land of<br />the late Mr. John Smith, of Hanover county, deceased,<br />containing 800 acres, more or less, the soil is very rich,<br />and exceedingly well adapted for wheat, corn, or tobacco,<br />particularly the first and second, being on low grounds;<br />and there is a considerable quantity of high grounds.<br />It has plenty of good pine and oak timber upon it, con-<br />venient houses, and is in good order for cropping, is<br />about two miles from Hanover town, and very convenient<br />to church and two mills. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may be shewn the land by applying to Mr. Christo-<br />pher Taliaferro, or Mr. William Jones, who resides near<br />the same, and the terms may be also known by applying<br />to these gentlemen, or to the subscriber.<br />t f THOMAS JONES.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, on the premises, on the third Thursday<br />in June next,<br />THE very profitable ORDINARY, belonging to the<br />subscriber, at King William courthouse, with 600<br />acres of very valuable LAND adjoining to it. The place<br />is so well known that it is unnecessary to describe it, or<br />to point out the advantage of its situation, which is so<br />central that it is daily resorted by travellers from all<br />parts; so that it has constant custom. The ordinary,<br />and some small tenements on the land, have rented for<br />170. A year, and are now well worth 200l. a year, or<br />more. The purchaser may have possession the first day<br />of November next, and is to pay one fifth annually after,<br />until the whole is satisfied. Bond, with good security,<br />for the payment thereof, must be given to the subscriber,<br />who will treat privately with any person inclined to pur-<br />chase before the day of sale.<br />JOHN QUARLES.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, together or in parcels,<br />lying in Princess Anne county, known by the name<br />of GIBB’S WOODS, whereon are several settlements,<br />and whereof Jeremiah Tinker, esquire, grandson of the<br />late governor Gibbs now stands seized, under the deed<br />of gift of his mother, the daughter and heiress of the<br />said governor Gibbs. Person inclining to purchase may<br />be informed of the terms by applying to Mr. James<br />Parker, merchant in Norfolk, or to Edward Foy, in<br />Williamsburg, who will give an undoubted title. tf</p>
<p>To be SOLD, and entered upon immediately,<br />A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more<br />or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county.<br />It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I<br />advertised last year and then gave a full account of it,<br />since then I sold it to John Attway Clarke of Maryland,<br />but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more<br />to offer it to the public. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chase may know the terms by applying to me in Mid-<br />dlesex. I want part of the money at the meeting of the<br />merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable<br />credit, tf AUGUSTINE SMITH.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,<br />A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none<br />of the land having been cleared above six years,<br />with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500<br />acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good<br />that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with-<br />out dung. I have made on this plantation above three<br />thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very<br />healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies<br />in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-<br />mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and Mayo<br />creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near<br />to Petersburg by water, and last month, in the dry wea-<br />ther, two canoe loads of wheat were carried near to<br />Petersburg, and the canoes brought back; they were<br />loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt<br />but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the<br />expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &amp.c. will be trifling,<br />Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce<br />of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not<br />know any better high land in the colony. This tract of<br />land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it, I<br />do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on<br />Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat<br />in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage-<br />ous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 826<br />acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles<br />from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the<br />quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small<br />planation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is<br />good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any<br />person who viewed either of the above tracts of land<br />would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither<br />of these tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever.<br />A reasonable time of payment will be allowed.<br />tf ANTHONY WINSTON.</p>
<p>I FIND it necessary to give this place this public notice, that<br />Jasper Mauduit Gidley was dismissed from being my<br />collector in September last, and that no receipts given<br />by the said Gidley for money on my account, since that<br />time, will be allowed by me; and I request the favour of<br />the gentlemen of the law, in the different counties, to<br />retain in their own hands any bonds or accounts of mine<br />delivered them by the said Gidley either before or after<br />September last, and be kind enough to let me know, by<br />a line, what steps they gave taken on such bonds and<br />accounts. THOMSIN MASON.</p>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette. Number 425, Thursday June 30, 1774
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-06-30
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2022.10
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/caa30aa2f32ca1a6881ea9fa1f38358f.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=MmGjyaOcZrOYC6JJ-NDBEKdeXSjwWmF8r%7EECBB9ockOc3voC4eh2Qp3CZ3jE4sKtF9yAVxzsFT-A2VHQaFU8S1nrHIgSnFp1Lmm87fgdHfQ5eQRbLlYjAhLHTW0uCbCX2tEcYgcHMUcazReoB8d06m%7ElN6nknqk2vHUrTY4YEgoxwJuuMxxfkFH0t-PHriEXdW97zHI6rKg8xrok79pbzcDjb0WWapJ3dOUVtfpp%7EcB1Da825dvvfUkdAlDMiyBhiMe8wyhkHwIAOapy0K5RZcM2jT-kWzD0Hao3%7EGD4Vk3sJqN05GXbvp8KP55BRi%7EV7ONdx1bYgFNsuD2uEYNfyA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
66457a1b13528bd43e4b7bd2b19a9acc
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/f8a10b0acda7b0f3f2807bdee1e11473.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=pknFyUb02fUseABN3za9Sd%7E9yJ%7EArqKQFNXUBdVVSZuGwVvOJAqgyz1gHB7SZBJVA%7Ef848f8wEKGIoAwVelKl1B%7EGMvrFWn3%7E463QlTXTo6T2mPSoyeU9P-vT6nxJLWytO0totLa3oy-GMb8W5EsfHnSA%7EPrgFPJL6AdmJS-kUEYraYkTWYRIPQ9CF26I9dSwqP6pMr5QH7QDX1OWtxTNkcviihVFTGxrA%7Ex38pVlmz7OiYHWzpVOPqcXBunu230V%7Enr1H3RTYU2MpymUmHAnoUr72Co3c6VhJKUCXYrknXLUhAU45Lf2GcznEZx6T0ou%7EkrTtr2TOoV9pv8UPT3pA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
0014fecec8d2454f7f7fec6ce5f2f579
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/6f81a72ef209c891a62648a009a061f7.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=PqZL%7EHN%7E9hvPzFRt5PZ%7E8bkuavNSG1mlCm%7E6R2e4Ws%7ESGB7BggFW5OufhfL3VH9MxZRJkxa5FSYTlUtUfuP1bHCdoPVkthoNhME1Gt3Vn3oRn70-ykxhCEszg5xItgDuOuBkTQ2dgBZ1ETBLcs1s39-yFg8iRDMrKIMbOK-Cah35D4DDRJlOyQ4wwhjQUvtWBr9Bq0BTtrO%7EQ0XeHtkE1V0bG9vZswWJT162PYR1N4S%7EzgBV2x-s-a6k75DbRbol1aZEQrKgAR81800xpuNbM9gn%7EH%7EyBUMguTIn2BiZwifpdy%7ED1uPan8nkd%7ECOc2DqCA%7EUYXDc7JXb5-Xh6SCjZA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
eabc6a34420affe178ec73ff88cd8dd0
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/13aed956654b296c98ced6beae85213f.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=nkwRw2gV%7EfYG3qKAeq-GO0%7EQP9ubV7THtzgNoFIsOi9YJKdJ90ofvlWWvJeIZroRVRU9TZjZ-BRda47U5UcNZshNQ87OOM1HXaGteGHailM%7ED9Mma34ve8xah6oTSao38IsGz68MYJkzbZfj7YbfppXk2rP78eOTVEoSicTaZlUeo9JDrqwIa91w7NYyCyE3BGDeWLrS69gcKq9HNNbrSHUHA5oPe-yDTcquhB%7E3hVTN9mP5mX-Ecqgn3oPg0eiEVuTLd6%7Et8IOTnFcgYnzUJvalnBwrvupxBeIt0qjqc8Uw1Ej2rSQxM7BJfYSv5DJ4RaLEiJpVOe74hhWlwYtqdw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
1e5460c40f92060b229eb532e3a9d8ff
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>THE<br />VIRGINIA GAZETTE.<br />THURSDAY, AUGUST 4, 1774. NUMBER 430.</p>
<p>OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG: PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.</p>
<p>All Persons may be supplied with the GAZETTE at 12 <em>s</em>. 6<em>d.</em> a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3 <em>s.</em> the first Week,<br />and 2 <em>s.</em> each Time after; long ones in Proportion.-----PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<p>Mrs. RIND,<br />T<sup>HE</sup> time is at length arrived when American liberty must <br />either be settled on a firm basis by the virtue and public<br />spirit of her sons, or sink under the arm of despotism now<br />suspended over her. The colonies will no doubt look upon<br />the violent and arbitrary proceedings of the British parliam-<br />ment, with regard to the Bostonians, as leveled at the<br />liberty of America in general, and unite their utmost endeavours by all<br />means in their power to prevent the ruin they are threatened with. We<br />shall deceive ourselves if we think Great Britain (as the present ministry<br />call themselves) will easily be brought to recede from her clams of do-<br />mination over us. The parliamentary farce will not be ended till the<br />virtue of America, and the cries of the British merchants and manu-<br />facturers, drive the present actors off the stage.</p>
<p>In this contention we must expect our courage and fortitude will be<br />put to a severe trial, and if they are not genuine, will not stand the test.<br />But as our ancestors have liberally shed their blood to secure to us the<br />rights we now contend for, surely every poser of manhood will be ex-<br />erted by us to deliver the deposition sacred and inviolate to our posterity.<br />Let no man despair of success in so just a cause. Situated as we are, if<br />we be united, and dare be free, no power on earth can make us slaves.</p>
<p>That our adversaries are powerful we fatally know; but, in a measure<br />so wickedly destructive of the constitutional rights of British subjects,<br />they cannot be united. But should they be so, are they more powerful<br />than the Spaniards, or we less so than the united provinces were at the<br />time the contest arose between those two nations on the subject of liber-<br />ty? Philip the second, at the head of the most powerful empire in<br />Europe, with the best disciplined troops, headed by one of the ablest<br />generals then known in the world, and supported by the riches of Ame-<br />rica, after a bloody war, which lasted half a century, was not able to<br />subvert the liberty of the poor, and till then inconsiderable, but virtuous<br />Hollanders. The history of our ancestors, in the last century, affords a <br />noble proof of firmness and patriotic virtue. In the reign of the first<br />Charles they evidently demonstrated, that though Englishmen may bear<br />much, yet when they find a determined resolution in administration to<br />persevere in measures totally destructive to their dearest rights, they will <br />rouze at last, and when that period arrives no force can withstand, no<br />chicanery elude, their fury; and the more they have suffered, the greater<br />will be the sacrifice they demand. The posterity of James the second,<br />fugitives in a strange land, still lament the dire effects of his encroach-<br />ments on English liberty.</p>
<p>The spirit of liberty, when conducted by public virtue, is invincible.<br />It may be cramped and kept down by external violence, but so long as<br />the morals of a people remain uncorrupted, it cannot be totally ex-<br />tinguished. Oppression will only increase its elastic force, and when<br />roused to action by some daring chief, some great good man, it will<br />burst forth, like fired gunpowder, and destroy all before it. Of this truth<br />the English history affords the clearest demonstrations, through many of<br />its brightest periods. We are the sons of those brave men, and let us<br />now prove ourselves worthy of our glorious ancestors. Britain herself<br />will applaud our virtue. The friends of liberty there will rejoice to ac-<br />knowledge us their brethren and fellow subjects; for it cannot be possible<br />that a race of heroes and patriots should in so short a time degenerate into<br />a band of robbers.</p>
<p>We need not, on the present occasion, shed our blood to secure our<br />rights, though if necessary, let us not spare it; the purchase is more<br />than equal to the price. Let us not buy their commodities; let us stop<br />all exports from this country to that till they do us justice. We have<br />the means of subsistence within ourselves. Nature’s wants are but few;<br />our imaginary ones have their foundation in luxury. Let us encourage<br />our own manufactures by proper subscriptions in each county; and by<br />wearing them ourselves, convince our enemies (for so I must call those<br />who endeavour to enslave us) that we can and will subsist without them.<br />Let gentlemen of the first rank and fortune amongst us set the example;<br />they will be cheerfully and eagerly followed by the inferior classes. This<br />will give weight to our remonstrances; and when the great disposer of all<br />things, the ruler of princes, shall in his mercery open the eyes of our<br />oppressors, and direct their councils to the pursuit of equity and right<br />reason, then, and not till then, let us meet and embrace them with open<br />arms: We will again be their children when they will deign to be our<br />parents. B. D.</p>
<p>FURTHER PROCEEDINGS of VIRGINIA.<br />At a meeting of the freeholders and other inhabitants of the county of<br />Princess Anne, on due notice given by one of the late representatives,<br />held at the courthouse of the aid county, on Wednesday the 27th<br />day of July, 1774, they, after chusing ANTHONY LAWSON, esquire,<br />moderator, came to the following resolutions viz.<<br />R<sup>ESOLVED,</sup> that it is the opinion of this meeting, that it is an<br />absolute right inherent in every British American subject to have<br />and enjoy such freedoms and privileges as belong to the free people of<br />England, and that he cannot be taxed but by his own consent or repre<br />sentative.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that every attempt<br />to impose taxes by any other authority is a tyrannic exertion of power,<br />and a violation of the constitutional and just rights and liberties of the<br />subject; and that the acts for blocking up the harbour of Boston, for<br />altering the chartered constitution of the Massachusetts Bay, and for the<br />suppression of riots and tumults are cruel and oppressive, invasions of the<br />natural rights of the people of the said province as men, and of their<br />constitutional rights as English subjects.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the town of Boston and province of Massachusetts Bay<br />are now suffering in the common cause of America, as the said acts would<br />lay a foundation for the utter destruction of the rights and liberties of the<br />subjects of British America.</p>
<p>Resolved, that our burgesses be hereby instructed to use their utmost en-<br />deavours at the ensuing congress at Williamsburg to procure a general<br />allocation for stopping all importation from, and exportation to, Great<br />Britain, except such articles as shall be then agreed upon, as the most<br />effectual means to obtain redress; the non-importation and non-exportat-<br />tion to take place on such future day as may be agreed on by the general<br />congress of deputies from the several colonies.</p>
<p>Resolved, that our burgesses be hereby instructed to vote against every motion<br />or proposal for stopping the usual imports from, and exports to, the West<br />Indies.</p>
<p>Resolved, that our burgesses be instructed to oppose the importation of<br />slaves and convicts, as injurious to this colony, by preventing the pop-<br />ulations of freemen and useful manufactures.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it be recommended to our burgesses to vote for the en-<br />couragement of raising sheep, hemp, flax, and cotton.</p>
<p>Resolved, that our burgesses be hereby instructed to endeavour to pro-<br />cure a general association against trading and dealing with every colony,<br />province, county, or town, that shall refuse to come into the general<br />plan which may be adopted by the several colonies and provinces on the<br />continent.</p>
<p>Resolved, that our burgesses be hereby instructed to use their utmost<br />endeavours that subscriptions be opened in the several counties of this</p>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>colony, for the relief of the cruelly oppressed and distressed inhabitants of<br />the town of Boston.</p>
<p>Resolved, that our burgesses do meet the first day of August in Willi-<br />amsburg, to consult upon the most proper means for carrying these, or<br />any other resolves which may be judged more expedient, into execution.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that the general plan<br />adopted at the ensuing congress ought to be strictly adhered to by the<br />whole colony; and that this meeting will faithfully adopt such measures<br />as may be then agreed upon.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the above resolutions be printed for the perusal of the<br />freeholders and inhabitants of the county.<br />THOMAS ABBOTT, Clerk.</p>
<p>The above resolutions being unanimously agreed to, and signed by the<br />several members then present, they then repaired to a place prepared for<br />the occasion, and there drank the following TOASTS: 1. The king.<br />2. The queen and royal family. 3. A speedy and permanent reconcilia-<br />tion between Great Britain and her colonies. 4. A perfect union and<br />harmony among all the British colonies. 5. May our brethren of Boston<br />support themselves under their present unmerited sufferings with that<br />magnanimity which becomes freemen, preferring death to slavery. 6. A<br />speedy export to all the enemies of British America without a drawback.<br />7. May all enemies of America meet with a retribution due to their<br />demerits. 8. Lord Chatham. 9. Lord Cambden. 10. The marquis<br />of Rockingham. 11 Colonel Barre. 12. Mr. Edmund Burke. 13.<br />The bishop of St. Asoph. 14. Lord Shelburne. 15. American liberty,<br />16. Prosperity of Virginia.</p>
<p>At a meeting of the freeholders of the county of Albemarle, assem-<br />bled in their collective body, at the courthouse of the said county, on<br />the 26th day of July, 1774,</p>
<p>RESOLVED, that the inhabitants of the several states of British<br />America are subject to the laws which they adopted at their first settle-<br />ment, and to such others as have been since made by their respective<br />legislatures, duly constituted and appointed with their own consent; that<br />no other legislature whatever may rightfully exercise authority over them,<br />and that these privileges they hold as the common rights of mankind,<br />confirmed by the political constitutions they have respectively assumed<br />and also by several charters of compact from the crown.</p>
<p>Resolved, that these their natural and legal rights have in frequent<br />instances been invaded by the parliament of Great Britain, and particu-<br />larly that they were so by an act lately passed to take away the trade of<br />the inhabitants of the town of Boston, in the province of Massachusetts<br />Bay, that all such assumptions of unlawful power are dangerous to the<br />rights of the British empire in general, and should be considered as its<br />common cause, and that we will ever be ready to join with our fellow<br />subjects, in every part of the same in exerting all those rightful powers,<br />which God has given us, for the re-establishing and guaranteeing such<br />their constitutional rights, when, where, and by whomsoever invaded.</p>
<p>It is the opinion of this meeting, that the most eligible means of effect-<br />ing these purposes will be to put an immediate stop to all imports from<br />Great Britain (cotton, oznabrigs, striped duffil, medicines, gunpowder,<br />lead, books and printed papers, the necessary tools and implements for the<br />handicraft arts and manufactures excepted for a limited time) and to all<br />exports thereto after the 1st day of October, which shall be in the year<br />of our Lord, 1775; and immediately to discontinue all commercial inter-<br />course with every part of the British empire which shall not in like<br />manner break off their commerce with Great Britain.</p>
<p>It is the opinion of this meeting, that we immediately cease to import<br />all commodities from every part of the world which are subjected by the<br />British parliament to the payment of duties in America.</p>
<p>It is the opinion of this meeting, that these measures should be pur-<br />sued until a repeal be obtained of the act for blocking up the harbour of<br />Boston, of the acts prohibiting or restraining internal manufacturers in<br />America, of the acts imposing on any commodities duties to be paid in<br />America, and of the acts laying restrictions on the American trade; and<br />that on such repeal it will be reasonable to grant to our brethren of Great<br />Britain such privileges in commerce as may amply compensate their fra-<br />ternal assistance, past and future.</p>
<p>Resolved, however, that this meeting do submit their opinions<br />to the convention of deputies from the several counties of this colony,<br />appointed to be held at Williamsburg on the 1st day of August next, and<br />also to the general congress of deputies from the several American states<br />when and wheresoever held; and that they will concur in these or any<br />other measures which such convention or such congress shall adopt as most<br />expedient for the American good. And we do appoint THOMAS<br />JEFFERSON and JOHN WALKER our deputies to act for this county at<br />the said convention, and instruct them to conform themselves to these<br />our resolutions and opinions.</p>
<p>At a meeting for the freeholders and other inhabitants of the county of<br />Buckingham, at the courthouse, the 28th of July, 1774, they took<br />under their consideration the truly alarming state of the several British<br />colonies from sundry acts of parliament, which if carried into execution<br />must reduce the whole to an abject state of slavery, at which time they<br />came to the following RESOLUTIONS:</p>
<p>RESOLVED, that we will, at the risk of our lives and fortunes,<br />defend his majesty’s right and title to the crown of Great Britain and his<br />American dominions, against all and every person whatsoever, and that<br />we do acknowledge and profess all due obedience to him.</p>
<p>Resolved, that we will not pay any tax that is or may be laid on any<br />commodity whatsoever, which shall be laid by the parliament of Great<br />Britain for the purpose of raising a revenue in America, our own legis-<br />lature, with the consent of his majesty, being only legally vested with<br />a power of laying taxes on the inhabitants of this colony.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the act of parliament for blocking up the harbour of<br />Boston; also one other act for carrying persons to Great Britain or else-<br />where to be tried for sundry offences; as also the act for depriving our<br />sister colony of Massachusetts Bay of their charter, are unjust, arbitrary,<br />and unconstitutional; and that we consider an attack on the liberties of<br />one of our sister colonies as an attack on the whole British America.</p>
<p>Resolved, that manufactories ought to be encouraged in this and every<br />other colony, and that after a short time all importations from Great<br />Britain ought to be prohibited, unless the several acts of parliament,<br />depriving our sister colony of Massachusetts Bay of their liberties be re-<br />pealed; as also all such other acts of the British parliament as are or may<br />be intended for laying any tax on articles imported into this or any of<br />the colonies for the purpose of raising a revenue in America, be likewise<br />repealed.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the representatives for this county be directed to meet<br />the representatives of the other counties in this colony, in Williamsburg,<br />the first day of August next, to consult and advise on the best and most<br />effectual means for preserving American liberty, and that they use their<br />best endeavours that proper persons be appointed, on the part of this co-<br />lony, to meet such persons as may be appointed by the other colonies,<br />to consult and advise on proper measures for the good of the whole, with<br />all and every of which our desire is, a strict union may be established, as<br />the only sure and effectual means of defeating the evil intentions of a<br />corrupt majority in the house of commons.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>Resolved, that these resolutions be sent to the public printer, and that<br />she be requested to publish the same.<br />JOHN NICHOLAS, Moderator.</p>
<p>At a general meeting of the freeholders of the county of Fauquier, in<br />Virginia, on the 9th of July, 1774, at the courthouse of the said county,<br />Mr. WHARTON RANSDELL being chosen moderator, the following<br />RESOLUTIONS were unanimously agreed to:</p>
<p>RESOLVED, that it is an undoubted right of British subjects, and<br />without which freedom cannot exist, to be taxed only by their own free<br />consent, either personally given, or by their representatives legally<br />assembled.</p>
<p>Resolved, that as the British subjects in America are not, and from<br />their situation cannot ever be, represented in the British parliament, any<br />act of parliament laying a tax on them is subversive of their natural<br />rights, and contrary to the first principles of our free constitution.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the act of parliament laying a duty on tea, &c. ex-<br />ported from Great Britain to these colonies, for the avowed purpose of<br />raising a revenue in America, will, if submitted to, fix a precedent,<br />whereby the parliamentary claim of taxing America may be established,<br />arbitrary power introduced, and the liberty of the British colonies laid<br />at the feet of a despotic and execrable minister.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the hostile invasion of the town and port of Boston in<br />New England is a dangerous attack on the liberty of the British colo-<br />nies in America in general, strongly tending to a dissolution of govern-<br />ment, and totally to alienate the affection of the colonies from the<br />mother country, and as our humble petitions, memorials, and remon-<br />strances, have hitherto failed to procure us that redress which the op-<br />pressions we suffer, and the justice of our cause entitles us to,</p>
<p>Resolved, and it is the unanimous opinion of this meeting, that till the<br />said act of parliament shall be repealed, and till the ships of war and troops<br />be withdrawn from the said town and port of Boston, and the rights<br />and freedom of the same be restored, all exports whatsoever from this<br />colony to Great Britain, and imports from thence be stopped, and that the<br />courts of justice ought to decline the trial of civil causes, except attach-<br />ments, where the attached goods are perishable, and motions against the<br />collectors and sheriffs for money actually in their hands.</p>
<p>Resolved, that any person who, contrary to the general sense of the<br />country, expressed by their late representative, shall purchase, vend,<br />of make use of tea, till such time as the act of parliament laying a duty<br />on that article for the purpose of raising a revenue in American shall be<br />repealed, shall be deemed an enemy to American liberty and the common<br />right of mankind, and ought to be publicly stigmatized as such.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the town of Boston aforesaid is now suffering in the<br />common cause of American liberty, and ought to be supplied with such<br />articles as are necessary for their support by the voluntary contribution of<br />the colonies in general.</p>
<p>Resolved, that these our sentiments be, by the moderator of this<br />meeting, delivered to our later representatives, who, notwithstanding they<br />were, by the sudden intervention of the executive power of this colony,<br />deprived of their legislative capacity, are still possessed of our confidence,<br />and desired to appear at the general meeting, at Williamsburg, on the first<br />day of August next, and that they be assured, in the most solemn manner,<br />of our hearty concurrence in, and firm support of, all such measures as<br />by a majority of the late representatives of this colony, then and there<br />to be convened, shall be thought proper and necessary for the security of<br />our liberty, the improvement of our manufactures, and to procure a re-<br />dress of American grievances. PETER GRANT, Clerk.</p>
<p>At a meeting of the freeholder and other inhabitants of the county<br />of Dunmore, held at the town of Woodstock the 16th day of June,<br />1774, to consider the best mode to be fallen upon to secure their liberties<br />and properties, and also to prevent the dangerous tendency of an act of<br />parliament, passed in the 14th year of his present majesty’s reign, in-<br />tituled an act to discontinue in such manner and for such time as are<br />therein mentioned the landing and discharging, lading or shipping of<br />goods, wares, and merchandise, at the town and within the harbour of<br />Boston, in the province of Massachusetts Bay, in North America, evi-<br />dently has to invade and deprive us of the same, the reverend Peter<br />Mechlenberg being voted moderator, a committee of the following gen-<br />tlemen, viz. the reverend Peter Mecklenberg, Francis Slaughter, Abra-<br />ham Bird, Taverner Beale, John Tipton, and Abraham Bowman, were<br />appointed to draw up resolves suitable to the same occasion, who with-<br />drawing, for a short time, returned with the following VOTES,<br />which had been previously agreed to and voted by the freeholders and in-<br />habitants of the country of Frederick:</p>
<p>I. THAT we will always chearfully pay due submission to such acts<br />of government as his majesty has a right, by law, to exercise over his<br />subjects, as sovereign to the British dominions, and to such only.</p>
<p>II. That it is the inherent right of British subjects and to be governed and<br />taxed by representative chosen by themselves only, and that every act of<br />the British parliament respecting the internal policy of North America<br />is a dangerous and unconstitutional invasion of our rights and privileges.</p>
<p>III. That the act of parliament above mentioned is not only itself re-<br />pugnant to the fundamental laws of natural justice in condemning per-<br />sons for a supposed crime unheard but also a despotic exertion of uncon-<br />stitutional power, calculated to enslave a free and loyal people.</p>
<p>IV> That the enforcing the execution of the said act of parliament by<br />a military power will have a necessary tendency to raise a civil war, there-<br />by dissolving that union which as so long happily subsisted between the<br />mother country and her colonies, and that we will most heartily and<br />unanimously concur with our suffering brethren of Boston, and every<br />other port of North America that may be the immediate victims of<br />tyranny, in promoting all proper measures to avert such dreadful cala-<br />mities, to procure a redress of our grievances, and to secure our common<br />liberties.</p>
<p>V. It is the unanimous opinion of this meeting, that a joint resolution<br />of all the colonies to stop all importations from Great Britain, and ex-<br />portations to it, till the said act be repealed, will prove the salvation of<br />North America and her liberties; on the other hand, if they continue<br />their imports and exports there is the greatest reason to fear the power<br />and the most odious oppression will rise triumphant over right, justice,<br />social happiness, and freedom.</p>
<p>VI. That the East India company, those servile tools of arbitrary power,<br />have justly forfeited the esteem and regard of all honest men, and that<br />the better to manifest our abhorrence of such abject compliances with the<br />will of a venal ministry, in ministering all in their power an encrease of<br />the fund of peculation, we will not purchase tea, or any other kind of<br />East Indian commodities, either imported now, or hereafter to be imported,<br />except saltpetre, spices, and medicinal drugs.</p>
<p>VII. That it is the opinion of this meeting, that committee ought to<br />be appointed for the purpose of effecting a general association, that the<br />same measures may be pursued through the whole continent, that the<br />committees ought to correspond with each other, and to meet at such<br />places an times as shall be agreed on, in order to form such general<br />association, and that when the same shall be formed and agreed on by<br />the several committees, we will strictly adhere to, and till the general<br />sense of the continent shall be know, we do pledge ourselves to each</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class=""column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>other, and to our country, that we will inviolaably adhere to the votes<br />of this day.</p>
<p>Voted, thatt he reverend Peter Mecklenburg, Francis Slaughter,<br />Abraham Bird, Taverner Beale, John Tipton, and Abraham Bowman<br />be appointed a committee for the purpose aforesaid, and chat they or any<br />three of them are hereby fully empowered to act.</p>
<p>At a general meeting of the freeholders and inhabitants of the county<br />of Fairfax, at the courthouse in the town of Alexandria, on Monday the<br />18th day of July, 1774 GEORGE WASHINGTON esquire, chairman,<br />and ROBERT HARRISON, gentleman, clerk of the said meeting;</p>
<p>RESOLVED, that this colony and dominion of Virginia cannot be<br />considered a conquered country, and if it was, that the present inha-<br />bitants are the descendants not of the conquered, but of the conqueror;<br />that the same was not settled at the national expence of England, but<br />at the private expence of the adventurers, our ancestors, by solemn com-<br />pact, with and under the auspices and protection of the British crown,<br />upon which we ae, in every respect, as dependent as the people of Great<br />Britain, and in the same manner subject to all his majesty’s just, legal,<br />and constitutional prerogatives; that our ancestors, when they left their<br />native land, and settled in America, brought with them, even if the<br />same had not been conferred by charters, the civil constitution, and<br />form of government, they came from, and were by the laws of nature<br />and nations entitled to all its privileges, immunities, and advantages,<br />which have been descended to us, their posterity, and ought, of right, to be as<br />fully enjoyed, as if we had still continued within the realm of England.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the most important and valuable part of the British con-<br />stitution, upon which its very existence depends, is the fundamental<br />principle of the people’s being governed by no law to which they have<br />not given their consent, by representatives freely chosen by themselves,<br />who are affected by the laws they enact equally with their constituents,<br />to whom they are accountable, and whose burthens they share, in which<br />consists the safety and happiness of the community; for if this part of<br />the constitution was taken away, or materially altered, the government<br />must degenerate, either into an absolute and despotic monarchy, or a<br />tyrannical aristocracy, and the freedom of the people be annihilated.</p>
<p>Resolved, therefore, as the inhabitants of the American colonies are<br />not, and from their situation cannot, be represented in the British par-<br />liament, that the legislative power here can, of right, be exercised only<br />by our provincial assemblies, or parliaments, subject to the assent and<br />negative of he British crown, to be declared within some proper, limited<br />time; but as it was thought just and reasonable that the people of Great<br />Britain should reap advantages from the colonies adequate to the pro-<br />tection they afforded them, the British parliament have claimed and ex-<br />ercised the power of regulating our trade and commerce, so as to restrain<br />our importing from foreign countries such articles as they should furnish<br />us with, of their own growth and manufacture, or exporting to foreign<br />countries such articles and portions of our produce as Great Britain stood<br />in need of, for her own consumption or manufacture; such a power<br />directed with wisdom and moderation, seems necessary for the general good<br />of that great body politic, of which we are a part, although in some<br />degree repugnant to the principles of the constitution. Under this idea,<br />our ancestors submitted to it. The experience of more than a century,<br />during the government of his majesty’s royal predecessors, hath proved<br />its utility, and the reciprocal benefits flowing form it produced mutual,<br />uninterrupted harmony, and good will, between the inhabitants of Great<br />Britain and her colonies, who during that long period always considered<br />themselves as one and the same people, and though such a power is<br />capable of abuse and in some instances hath been stretched beyond the<br />original design and institution, yet to avoid strife and contention with<br />our fellow subjects, and strongly impressed with the experience of mutual<br />benefits, we always cheerfully acquiesced in it, while the entire regula-<br />tion of our internal policy, and giving and granting our own money<br />, were preserved to our own provincial legislatures.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the duty of these colonies, on all emergencies, to<br />contribute in proportion to their abilities, situation, and circumstances, to<br />the necessary charge of supporting and defending the British empire, of<br />which they are a part; that while we are treated upon an equal footing<br />with our fellow subjects, the motives of self interest and preservation<br />will be a sufficient obligation, as was evident through the course of the<br />last war, and that no argument can be fairly applied to the British par-<br />liament’s taxing us, upon a presumption that we should refuse a just and<br />reasonable contribution, but will equally operate in justification of the<br />executive power’s taxing the people of England, upon a supposition of<br />their representatives refusing to grant the necessary supplies.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the claim lately assumed and exercised by the British<br />parliament for making such laws as they think fit to govern the people<br />of these colonies, and to extort from us our money without our consent,<br />is not only diametrically contrary to the first principles of the constituti-<br />on, and the original compacts, by which we are dependent upon the British<br />crown and government, but is totally incompatible with the privileges of<br />a free people, and the natural rights of mankind will render our own<br />legislatures merely nominal and negatory, and is calculated to reduce us<br />from a state of freedom and happiness to slavery and misery.</p>
<p>Resolved, that taxation and representation are in their nature insepa-<br />rable; that the right of withholding, or of giving and granting their<br />own money, is the only effectual security to a free people against the<br />encroachments of despotism and tyranny; and that whenever they yield<br />the one, they must quickly fall a prey to the other.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the powers over the people of America, now claimed<br />by the British house of commons, in whose election we have no share,<br />in whose determinations we have no influence, whose information must<br />be always defective, and often false, who in many instances may have <br />separate, and in some an opposite interest to ours, and who are removed<br />from these impressions of tenderness and compassion, arising from per-<br />sonal intercourse and connection, which soften the rigours of the most<br />despotic governments, must, if continued, establish the most grievous and<br />intolerable species of tyranny and oppression that ever was inflicted upon<br />mankind.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is our greatest wish and inclination, as well as inter-<br />est, forever to continue our connection with, and dependence upon, the<br />British government; but though we are its subjects, we will use every<br />means which Heaven hath given us to prevent our becoming its slaves.</p>
<p>Resolved, that there is a premeditated design and system formed and<br />pursued by the British ministry to introduce an arbitrary government into<br />his majesty’s American dominions, to which end they are artfully pre-<br />judicing our sovereign, and enflaming the minds of our fellow subjects in<br />Great Britain, by propagating the most malevolent falsehoods; particularly,<br />that there is an intention in the American colonies to set up for inde-<br />pendent states, endeavoring, at the same time, by various acts of vio-<br />lence and oppression, by sudden and repeated dissolutions of our assem<br />blies, whenever they presume to examine the illegality of ministerial<br />mandates, or deliberate on the violated rights of their constituents, and<br />by breaking in upon the American charters, to reduce us to a state of<br />desperation, and dissolve the original compact, by which our ancestors<br />bound themselves and their posterity to remain dependent upon the<br />British crown; which measures, unless effectually counteracted will<br />end in the ruin, both of Great Britain and her colonies.</p>
<p>Resolved, that the several acts of parliament for raising a revenue upon<br />the people of America without their consent, the erecting new and<br />dangerous jurisdiction here, the taking away our trials by juries, the<br />ordinary persons, upon criminal accusations, to be tried in another<br />country than that in which the fact is charged to have been committed,<br />the act inflicting ministerial vengeance upon the town of Boston, and the<br />two bills lately brought into parliament for abrogating the charter of the <br />province of Massachusetts Bay, and for the protection and encouragement<br />of murderers in the said province, are part of the above mentioned ini-<br />quitious system; that the inhabitants of the town of Boston are now<br />suffering in the common cause of all British America, and are justly en-<br />titled to its support and assistance, and therefore that a subscription ought<br />immediately to be opened, and proper persons appointed, in every county<br />in this colony, to purchase provisions, and consign them to some gentle-<br />ment of character in Boston, to be distributed among the poorer sort of<br />people there.</p>
<p>Resolved, that we will cordially join with our friends and brethren of<br />this and the other colonies in such measures as shall be judged most effect-<br />tual for procuring redress of our grievances, and that, upon obtaining<br />such redress, if the destruction of tea at Boston be regarded as an in-<br />vasion of private property, we shall be willing to contribute towards<br />paying the East India company the value; bust as we consider the said<br />company as the tools and instruments of oppression, in the hands of go-<br />vernment, and the cause of the present distress, it is the opinion of this<br />meeting, that the people of the colonies should forbear all further dealings<br />with them, by refusing to purchase any of their merchandise, until that<br />peace, safety, and good order, which they have disturbed, be perfectly<br />restored; and that all tea now in the colony, or which shall be imported<br />into it, shipped before the first day of September next, should be<br />deposited in some storehouse, to be appointed by the respective commit-<br />tees for each county, until a sufficient sum of money be raised, by sub-<br />scription, to reimburse the owners the value, and then to be publicly<br />burnt and destroyed; and if the same shall not be paid for, and destroyed<br />as aforesaid, that it remain in the custody of the said committees, at the<br />risk of the owners, until the act of parliament imposing a duty upon</p>
</div>
<div class=""column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>it for raising a revenue in America be repealed, and immediately after-<br />wards be delivered unto the several proprietors thereof, their agents, or<br />attornies.</p>
<p>Resolved, that nothing will so much contribute to defeat the pernicious<br />designs of the common enemies of Great Britain and her colonies as a <br />firm union of the latter, who ought to regard every act of valence or<br />oppression inflicted upon any one of them as aimed at all; and to effect<br />this desirable purpose, that a congress should be appointed, to consist of<br />deputies from all the colonies, to concert a general and uniform plan<br />for the defence and preservation of our common rights, and continuing<br />the connections and dependence of the said colonies upon Great Britain,<br />under a just, lenient, permanent, and constitutional form of government.</p>
<p>Resolved, that our most sincere and cordial thanks be given to the<br />patrons and friends of liberty in Great Britain for their spirited and<br />patriotic conduct, in support of our constitutional rights and privileges,<br />and their generous efforts to prevent distress and calamity of<br />America.</p>
<p>Resolved, that every little jarring interest and dispute which hath ever<br />happened between these colonies should be buried in eternal oblivion;<br />that all manner of luxury and extravagance ought immediately to be laid<br />aside, as totally inconsistent with the threatening and gloomy prospect<br />before us; that it is the indispensable duty of all the gentlemen and men<br />of fortune to set examples of temperance, fortitude frugality, and in-<br />dustry, and give every encouragement in their power, particularly by<br />subscriptions and premiums, to the improvement of arts and manufactures<br />in America; that great care and attention should be had to the cultivation<br />of flax, cotton, and other manufacturers; and we recommend it to such<br />of the inhabitants, who have large flocks of sheep to sell to their neigh-<br />bours at a moderate price, as the most certain means of speedily increasing<br />our breed of sheep, and quantity of wool.</p>
<p>Resolved, that until American grievances be redressed by restoration of<br />our just rights and privileges, no goods or merchandise whatsoever ought<br />to be imported into this colony which shall be shipped from Great Britain<br />after the first day of September next, except linens and exceeding fifteen<br />pence per yard, nails, wire and wire cars, needles and pins, paper, salt-<br />petre, and medicines, which may be imported until the first day of Sep-<br />tember, 1776; and if any goods or merchandise, other than those here-<br />by excepted, should be shipped by Great Britain, after the time afore-<br />said, to this colony, that the same, immediately upon the arrival, should<br />be either sent back again by the owners, their agents, or attornies, or<br />stored and deposited in some warehouse to be appointed by the committee<br />for each respective e county, and there kept at the risk and charge of the<br />owners, to be delivered to them when a free importation of goods hither<br />shall again take place; and that the merchants and venders of goods<br />and merchandise within this colony ought not to take advantage of our<br />present distress, but continue to sell the goods and merchandize which<br />they now have, or which may be shipped to them before the first day of<br />September next, at the same rates and prices they have been accustomed<br />to do, within one year last past, and if any person shall sell such goods on<br />any other terms then the above expressed, that no inhabitants of this<br />colony should at any time forever hereafter deal with him, his agent,<br />factor, or storekeeper, for any commodity whatsoever.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that the merchants<br />and venders of goods and merchandise within this colony should take an<br />oath not to sell or dispose of any goods or merchandise whatsoever which<br />may be shipped from Great Britain after the first day of September next,<br />as aforesaid, except the articles before excepted, and that they will,<br />upon the receipt of such prohibited goods, either send the same back<br />again by the first opportunity, or deliver them to the committees of the<br />respective counties, to be deposited in some warehouse, at the risk and<br />charge of the owners, until they, their agents or factors, shall be per-<br />mitted to take them away by the said committees; and that the names<br />of those who shall refuse to take such oath be advertised by the respective<br />committees, in the several counties wherein they reside. And to the<br />end that the inhabitants of this colony may know what merchants and<br />venders of goods and merchandize shall have taken such oath, that the<br />respective committees should grant a certificate thereof to every such<br />person who shall take the same.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that during our pre-<br />sent difficulties and distress no slaves ought to be imported into the<br />British colonies on this continent; and we take this opportunity of de-<br />claring our most earnest wishes to see an entire stop forever put to such a <br />wicked, cruel, and unnatural trade.</p>
<p>Resolved, that no kind of lumber should be exported from this colony<br />to the West Indies until America be restored to her constitutional rights<br />and liberties, if the other colonies will accede to a like resolution, and<br />that it be recommended to the general congress to appoint as early as<br />day as possible for stopping such exports.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, if American griev-<br />ances be not redressed before the first day of September, 1775, that all<br />exports of produce from the several colonies to Great Britain should cease;<br />and to carry the said resolution more effectually into execution, that we<br />will not plant or cultivate any tobacco after the crop now growing, pro-<br />vided the same measures shall be adopted by the other colonies on the<br />on the continent, as well those who have made tobacco heretofore as those who<br />have not; and it is our opinion, also, if the congress of deputies from<br />the several colonies shall adopt the measure of not-exportation to Great-<br />Britain, as the people will be thereby disabled from paying their debts,<br />that no judgment should be rendered by the courts in the said colonies for<br />any debt after information of the said measures being determined upon.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that a solemn covenant<br />and association should be entered into by the inhabitants of all the colonies<br />upon oath that they will not, after the time which shall be respectively<br />agreed on at the general congress, export any manner of lumber to the<br />West Indies, nor any of their produce to Great Britain, or sell or dispose<br />of the same to any person who shall not have entered into the said cove-<br />nant and association, and also that they will not import or receive any<br />goods or merchandize which shall be shipped from Great Britain after the<br />first day of September next, other then the before enumerated articles,<br />or buy or purchase any goods, except as before excepted of any person<br />whatsoever, who shall not have taken the oath herein before recom-<br />mended to be taken by the merchants and vender of goods, nor buy or<br />purchase any slaves hereafter imported into any part of this continent,<br />until a free exportation and importation be again resolved on by a ma-<br />jortiy of the representatives or deputies of the colonies, and that the re-<br />pective committees of the counties in each colony, so soon as the cove-<br />nant and association shall become general, publish by advertisement, in<br />their several counties, a list of the names of these (if any such there shall<br />be) who will not accede to, that such traitors to their country may be<br />publicly known and detested</p>
<p>Resolved that It is the option of this meeting, that this and the other<br />associating colonies should break off all trade, intercourse, and dealings,<br />with that colony, province, or town, which shall decline or refuse to<br />agree to the plan which shall be adopted by the general congress.</p>
<p>Resolved, that should the town of Boston be forced to submit to the<br />late cruel and oppressive measures of government, that we shall not hold<br />the same to be binding upon us, but will notwithstanding, religiously<br />maintain, and inviolably adhere to, such measure as shall be concerted<br />by the general congress, for the preservation of our lives, liberties, and<br />fortunes.</p>
<p>Resolved, that it be recommended to the deputies of the general con-<br />gress, to draw up and transmit an humble and dutiful petition and re-<br />monstrance to his majesty, asserting, in decent firmness, our just and con-<br />stitutional rights and privileges, lamenting the fatal necessity of being<br />compelled to enter into measures disgusting to his majesty and his par-<br />liament, or injurious to our fellow subjects in Great Britain, declaring,<br />in the strongest terms, our duty and affection to his majesty’s person,<br />family, and government, and our desire forever to continue our depend-<br />ence upon Great Britain, and most humbly conjuring and beseeching his<br />majesty not to reduce his faithful subject of America to a state of despe-<br />ration, and to reflect, that from our sovereign there can be but one<br />appeal; and it is the opinion of this meeting, that after such petition<br />and remonstrance shall have been presented to his majesty, the same<br />should be printed in the public papers in all the principal towns in Great<br />Britain.</p>
<p>Resolved, that GEORGE WASHINGTON, esquire, and CHARLES<br />BROADWATER, gentleman, lately elected our representatives to serve in<br />the general assembly, attend the convention at Williamsburg on the first<br />day of August next, and present these resolves, as the sense of the people<br />of this county upon the measures proper to be taken in the present<br />alarming and dangerous situation of America.</p>
<p>Resolved, that George Washington, esquire, John West, George<br />Mason, William Rumney, William Ramsay, George Gilpton, Robert<br />Hanson Harrison, John Carlyle, Robert Adam, John Dalton, Philip<br />Payne, Martin Cockburne, Lee Massey, William Harthorne, Thomas<br />Triplett, Charles Alexander, Thomas Pollord, Townsend Dade, junior,<br />Edward Payne, Henry Gunnell, and Thomas Lewis, be a committee for<br />this county; that they, or a majority of them, on any emergency, have<br />power to call a general meeting, and to concert and adopt such measures<br />as may be thought most expedient and necessary.</p>
Resolved, that a copy of these proceedings be transmitted to the printer<br />at Williamsburg, to be published.</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>MRS. RIND,<br />Please to insert in your free and impartial paper the following para<br />graph. Yours, &c. A LOVER OF JUSTICE.</p>
<p>THE public may be assured that the <em>anonymous</em> letters from <em>Philadel-<br />phia</em> (inserted in Mrs. <em>Rind’s</em> gazette of <em>April</em> 21, and <em>July</em> 28,<br />1774) respecting the establishment of a new <em>American</em> POSTOFFICE,<br />wherein Mr. <em>Goddard’s</em> character is <em>maliciously</em> and <em>wantonly</em> aspersed,<br />contain the <em>grossest misrepresentations</em> in some parts, and the <em>most palpable</em><br />and <em>impudent falsehoods</em> in others, which will be made fully to appear,<br />whenever the <em>writer,</em> or his <em>correspondent,</em> shall have the <em>spirit</em> to step<br />forth from their <em>dark retreat,</em> and avow those insidious and inhuman<br />attempts to injure the reputation of a person who is a stranger in this<br />province; provided their <em>names</em> and <em>characters</em> shall appear sufficient to<br />gain their publications the <em>smallest</em> degree of credit with the candid and<br />virtuous part of the community; THE CONTRARY OF WHICH IS<br />SHREWDLY SUSPECTED.</p>
<p>BOSTON, AUGUST 1, 1774.<br />A PROCLAMATION.<br />AMERICA! Thou fractious nation,<br />Attend thy master’s proclamation!<br />Tremble! For know, I, Thomas G—ge,<br />Determin’d came, the war to wage;<br />With the united powers sent forth,<br />Of <em>Bute,</em> of <em>Mansfield.</em> and of <em>North;</em><br />To scourge your insolence, my choice,<br />Whilst <em>England</em> mourns, and <em>Scots</em> rejoice!<br />BOSTONIA first shall feel my pow’r,<br />And, gasping midst the dreadful show’r<br />Of ministerial rage, shall cry,<br />”O save me Bute---I yield!”---and die---<br />Then shall my thund’ring cannon’s rattle,<br />My hardy vet’rans march to battle,<br />Against Virginia’s hostile land,<br />To humble that rebellious band.<br />At my approach her trembling swains<br />Shall quit well cultivated plains,<br />To seek th’ inhospitable wood,<br />Or try, like swine of old, the flood;<br />The hardy sons of Socia’s race<br />Shall ready fill each vacant place.<br />Rejoice, ye happy Scots, rejoice,<br />Your voice lift up, a mighty voice<br />The voice of gladness---On each tongue<br />The mighty praise of Bute be sung,<br />The praise of Mansfield, and of North,<br />Let next your hymns of joy set forth;<br />Nor shall the rapt’rous strain asswage,<br />Till sung’s your own proclaiming G—g.<br />Whilst ye pipes---ye drones, drone on,<br />Ye bellows blow! VIRGINIA’s won!<br />Your G—e has won VIRGINIA’S shore,<br />And Scocia’s sons shall mourn no more.<br />Hail Middlesex! O happy county!<br />Thou too shall share thy master’s bounty;<br />Thy sons obedient nought shall fear,<br />Thy wives and widows drop no tear;<br />Thy happy people ne’er shall feel<br />The force of unrelenting steel:<br />What brute wou’d give the cx a stroke<br />Who bends his next to meet the yoke?<br />To W------y bend the humble knee,<br />He shall protect you under me;<br />His gen’rous pen shall not be mute,<br />But sound your praise thro’ F-x to Bute.<br />By Scotchmen lov’d, by Scotchmen taught;<br />Fear Bute, fear Mansfield, North, and me,<br />And be as blest as <em>slaves</em> can be!</p>
<p>Mr. EDMUND BURKE’S SPEECH at the last reading of the Boston<br />port bill.</p>
<p>I TROUBLE <em>you, sir, in the last stage of this bill, because I would<br />not appear purulent when my objections run to the whole of the bill. I<br />never knew any thing that has given me a more heart-felt sorrow than the<br />present measure. This bill is attempted to be hastened through the house in<br />such a manner that I can by no means assent to it; it is to be carried by force<br />and threats into execution, and you have ever refused to hear Mr. BOLLAN,<br />their agent, declaring him to be no agent for Massachusetts Bay, or properly<br />authorized to present such petition. You have not now one left in England to<br />be heard in behalf of the colonies; the only objection that this bill has had<br />has been owing to its vis intertiae; but persons who oppose this bill are imme-<br />diately put to the same kind of punishment in the public papers which offenders<br />in America are. Look, sir, into the public papers, you will see Cinna, and<br />a thousand other Roman names, throwing out their invectives, and tarring<br />and feathering all those who dare oppose the bill. I I suppose I shall reap my<br />share for such opposition; but, sir, at all events, I will enter my reasons and<br />protest against this bill, and will mount my little palfrey, and speak of the<br />injustice which the bill contains, with the greatest confidence. The grievance<br />that is stated in the papers before you on the table appear to be an universal<br />resistance from all America against any goods or merchandize that shall be<br />loaded with taxes. [He desired that part of general Haldimand’s letter,<br />declaring the resolution of the Americans not to submit to receive goods with<br />duty upon them, be read, which was done.] He said the whole meeting in<br />the town of Boston consisted of six or seven men of the first rank and<br />opulent fortune in the place, and that the proceedings were conducted with the<br />utmost decency. He said this was not a meeting of mean persons, but that<br />the acts of resistance were all countenanced by universal consent. Observe,<br />says he, that the disturbances are general. Shew me one port in all America<br />where the goods have been landed and vended; the distemper is general, but<br />the punishment is local, by way of exchange. Whether it will be effectual<br />or not, I do not know; but, sir, let me paint to this house the impropriety of<br />a measure like this: It is a remedy of the most uncertain operation. View<br />but the consequences, and you will repent the measure. Give orders at once to<br />your admirals to burn and destroy the town; that will be both effectual, pro-<br />per, and moderate, and of a piece with the rest of your proceedings, eventus<br />tristis. One town in proscription, the rest in rebellion, can never be a remedial<br />measure for general disturbances. Have you considered, says he, whether<br />you have troops and ships sufficient to enforce an universal proscription to the<br />trade of the whole continent of America? If you have not, the attempt is<br />childish, and the operation fruitless. Only, sir, see the consequence of blocking<br />up one port; for instance, that of Virginia Bay; which if you do, you will<br />destroy the tobacco trade, and thereby bring, as it were, a certain ruin on your<br />own merchants as Glasgow and Edinburgh. This bill has been thought a vigorous<br />but not a rigorous punishment. It is my opinion that you might even punish the<br />individuals who committed the violence without involving the innocent. I<br />should approve of that; but, sir, to take away the trade from the town<br />of Boston, is surely a severe punishment. Would it not be a rigorous measure<br />to take away the trade of the Thames, for instance, and direct the merchandize<br />to be landed at Gravesend? I call this bill very unjust that is now to be adopt-<br />ed. Is it not fundamentally unjust to prevent the parties who have offended<br />beign hears in their defence? Justice, sir is not to be measured by geographi-<br />cal lines nor distance. Every man, sir is authorized to be a magistrate, to<br />put a stop to disturbances which he perceives to be committed against his ma-<br />jesty’s peace; but did you expect that the people who were not present at such<br />disturbances should be equally punished for not aiding and assisting in putting an<br />end to those riots which they never saw or heard of? This, sir, says he, is<br />surely a doctrine of Devils, to require men to be present in every part of Ame-<br />rica wherever a riot happens; but this bill involves those who have never<br />in the least been guilty. And then, you again say, that the disturbances which<br />did happen ought to have been immediately put a stop to by the people of Bo-<br />ston, and that they were bound to preserve the good order of the town. But,<br />sir, I have too much reverence for the image of God to conceive that the be-<br />nourable gentleman (Mr. Welbore Ellis) does really and truly imbibe such<br />doctrine. [He then read part of colonel Leslie’s letter, No 45, wherein the<br />colonel said that neither the governor nor the council, nor any of the custom-<br />house officers, have ever yet applied to me for any assistance; if they had, I<br />could almost certainly have put a stop to all their riots and violences, but not<br />without some bloodshed, and firing upon their town, and killing many inno-<br />cent people.] Why, sir, says he, did not the governor at once send for this<br />assistance? Was it contrary to, or do you think he would have broken through,<br />the public peace, and prevent violences from being committed? The<br />fault of this governor ought not to be the means of punishment for the innocent.<br />You have found that there was no government there. Why did not the go-<br />vernor exercise his authority? Why did not the ships execute their duty? What<br />was the reason they did not act? Why is not Mr. Hancock, and the chief<br />people who are known, punished, and not involve the innocent with the guilty<br />in one universal calamity? You, surely, sir, cannot have power to take<br />away the trade of a port, and call it privilege! Why was not your force<br />that was present applied to quell the disturbances? How come they to be so<br />feeble and inactive? How are you sure that the orders and frigates which you<br />now send will act better? I cannot think this, by any means, a prudent [faded, illegible]</em></p>
</div>
<h5>Page3</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em>sure, to be blocking up one port after another. The consequence will be<br />dreadful, and, I am afraid, destructive. You will draw a foreign force<br />upon you, perhaps at a time when you little suspect it. I will not say where<br />that will end; I will be silent on that head, and go no farther, but think of<br />the consequence. Again, sir, in one of the clauses of the bill, you proscribe<br />the property of the people, to be governed and measured by the will of the<br />crown. This is a ruinous and dangerous principle to adopt. There is an uni-<br />versal discontent throughout all America, from an internal bad government.<br />There are but two ways to govern America, either to make it subservient to<br />all your laws, or to let it govern itself by its own internal policy. I abhor<br />the measure of taxation, where it is only for a quarrel, and not for a revenue;<br />a measure that is teasing and irritating without any good effect; but a revi-<br />sion of this question will one day or other come, wherein I hope to give my opi-<br />nion. But this is the day that you wish to go to war with all America, in<br />order to conciliate that country to this, and to say that America shall be obedient<br />to all the laws of this country. I wish to see a new regulation and plan of a<br />new legislation in that country, not founded on your laws and statues here,<br />but grounded upon the vital principles of English liberty.</em></p>
<p>FREDERICK county <em>July</em> 23, 1774.<br />YESTERDAY being the day appointed by our sheriff for the<br />election of burgesses, a great part of the county assembled at<br />Winchester, amongst whom it was unanimously agreed, to shew their<br />detestation to the presumption of the g-----r of Massachusetts Bay,<br />that his effigy should be first hanged, and then suffer the flames, accom-<br />panied by his darling proclamation. An image was fabricated truly like<br />him, as he must appear to the mind’s eye of every American, grim as<br />Pluto, and deformed as Vulcan. It was decorated with a soldier’s coat,<br />a grenadier’s cap, and a wooden sword; emblems I need not explain.<br />Thus accosted, with a rope round his neck, in the fatal cart, support-<br />ed by an African (for the general’s spirits were so depressed, that it was<br />with difficulty he could hold up his head) he was conducted through the<br />town, attended by a rejoicing multitude, and then suspended on the<br />highest gallows an American g------r was ever yet honored with. The<br />proclamation was read by Mr. A. White, attorney at law, who made a<br />very spirted and handsome speech to the people, exhorting them to be<br />unanimous, as the certain means to preserve their liberties. The torch<br />was then applied, and the flame, as if pleased to destroy the base destroy-<br />er of liberty, embraced him with uncommon ardour, and devoured him<br />in an instant.</p>
<p>BOSTON, JULY 18.<br />THE inhabitants of Charlestown, South Carolina, have sent about<br />200 tierces of rice for the poor of this town, who are sufferers by<br />the Boston port bill, which arrived at Salem last Monday.</p>
<p>Captain William Davis, arrived at Plymouth from St. Ubes, in a short<br />passage, informs, that advice was received there of the death of the<br />French king, and also of the kind of Prussia, and that a French fleet had<br />sailed from Brest to assist the Turks against the Russians.</p>
<p>Friday last a number of public spirited gentlemen at Marblehead, raised<br />subscriptions for 207 quintals of cod fish, about 50 jars of oyl, and 40l.<br />lawful in specie, for the use of the industrious poor of this town, at this<br />critical conjuncture of our public affairs, which is to be forwarded to-<br />morrow if the weather permits.</p>
<p>By accounts from the north and south, east and west, of this province,<br />the non-consumption agreement is come into scarce a dissentient in<br />many towns.</p>
<p>Large orders for fall goods have been countermanded, occasioned by the<br />non-consumption agreements.</p>
<p>It is with the greatest pleasure we can inform the public, that the<br />honourable John Hancock has so far recovered his health as to be able to<br />walk abroad, and yesterday attended divine service at the reverend doctor<br />Cooper’s church.<br />By his excellency the honourable THOMAS GAGE, general and com-<br />mander in chief or all his majesty’s forces in North America, &c &c.</p>
<p>WHEREAS some soldiers have deserted his majesty’s service, be-<br />longing to the regiments lately arrived from Great Britain and Ireland,<br />this is to give notice, that all soldiers who deserted from the said corps,<br />previous to the 10th day of this instant (July) shall receive their pardons,<br />upon surrendering themselves before or on the tenth day of August next<br />ensuing; and on failure of so doing, they are not to expect mercy.<br />GIVEN under my hand, at Head Quarters, at Boston this 15th day of<br />July, 1774. T .GAGE.</p>
<p>By his excellency’s command, GAB. MATURIN, secretary.</p>
<p>Thursday last three transports arrived here from Boston; they are now<br />taking in ordinance, and a proportion of military stores, among which are<br />500 barrels of gunpowder, and, we hear, the Royal Welch Fuzileers,<br />now here, are to embark this week.</p>
<p>Captain Maitland, of the ship Magna Charta, has brought over a<br />quantity of tea to Charlestown, South Carolina; but as the persons to<br />whom it was consigned refused to receive it, the captain, we are in-<br />formed, proposed to carry it back with him to London. From the same<br />place we are informed that a second present of rice from the gentlemen<br />of that province to the indigent sufferers at Boston is preparing to be sent<br />to that port.</p>
<p>PHILADELPHIA, JULY 26.<br /><sup>A</sup>T a provincial meeting of deputies chosen by the several counties<br />in Pennsylvania, held at Philadelphia, July 15, 1774, and con-<br />tinued by adjournments from day to day; agreed, that in case of any<br />difference in sentiment, the question be determined by the deputies voting<br />by counties. The letters from Boston of the 13th of May were then<br />read, and a short account given of the steps taken in consequence thereof,<br />and the measures now pursuing in this and the neighboring provinces;<br />after which the following resolves were passed:</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> I. THAT we acknowledge ourselves, and the inhabitants of<br />this province, liege subjects of his majesty king George the third, to<br />whom they and we owe and will bear true and faithful allegiance.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> II. That as the idea of an unconstitutional independence on<br />the parent state is utterly abhorrent to our principles, we view the un-<br />happy differences between Great Britain and the colonies with the deep-<br />est distress and anxiety of mind, as fruitless to her, grievous to us, and<br />destructive of the best interest of both</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> III, That it is therefore the ardent desire that our antient<br />harmony with the mother country should be restored, and a perpetual<br />love and union subsist between us, on the principles of the constitution,<br />and an interchange of good offices, without the least infraction of our<br />mutual rights,</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> IV. That the inhabitants of these colonies are entitled to the<br />same rights and liberties within these colonies, that the subjects born<br />in England are entitled to within that realm.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> V. That the power assumed by the parliament of Great Bri-<br />tain to bind the people of these colonies, “by statues in all cases what-<br />soever,” is unconstitutional, and therefore the source of these unhappy<br />differences.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> VI. That the act of parliament for shutting up the port of<br />Boston is unconstitutional, oppressive to the inhabitants of that town,<br />dangerous to the liberties of the British colonies, and therefore, that we<br />consider our brethren at Boston as suffering in the common cause of these<br />colonies.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> VII. That the bill for altering the administration of justice in<br />certain criminal cases within the province of Massachusetts Bay, if passed<br />into an act of parliament, will be as unconstitutional, oppressive, and<br />dangerous, as the act above mentioned,</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> VIII. That the bill for changing the constitution of the pro-<br />vince of Massachusetts Bay, established by charter, and enjoyed since the<br />grant of that charter, is passed into an act of parliament, will be uncon-<br />stitutional and dangerous in it is consequences to the American colonies.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> IX. That there is an absolute necessity that a congress of depu-<br />ties from the several colonies be immediately assembled, to consult to-<br />gether, and form a general plan of conduct to be observed by all the col-<br />lonies, for the purposes of procuring relief for our suffering brethren,<br />obtaining redress of our grievances, preventing future dissentions, firmly<br />establishing our rights, and restoring harmony between Great Britain and<br />her colonies on a constitutional foundation.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> X. That although a suspension of the commerce of this large<br />trading province with Great Britain would greatly distress multitudes of<br />our industrious inhabitants, yet that sacrifice, and a much greater, we<br />are ready to offer for the preservation of our liberties; but, in tenderness<br />to the people of Great Britain, as well as of this country, and in hopes<br />that our just remonstrances will, at length, reach the ears of our gracious<br />sovereign, and be no longer treated with contempt by any of our fellow<br />subjects in England, it is our earnest desire that the congress should first<br />try the gentler mode of stating our grievances, and making a firm and<br />decent claim of redress.</p>
<p>XI. <em>Resolved,</em> by a great majority, that yet, notwithstanding, as an<br />unanimity of councils and measures is indispensably necessary for the com-<br />mon welfare, if the congress shall judge agreements of non-importation<br />and non-exportation expedient, the people of this province will join with<br />the other principal and neighbouring colonies in such an association of<br />non-importation from and non-exportation to Great Britain, as shall be<br />agreed on at the congress.</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">Column 2
<p>XII.<em>Resol.</em> by a majority, that if any proceedings of the parliament, of<br />which notice shall be received on this continent, before or at the general<br />congress, shall render it necessary in the opinion of that congress, for the<br />colonies to take farther steps than are mentioned in the 11th resolve; in<br />such case the inhabitants of this province shall adopt such farther steps,<br />and do all in their power to carry them into execution.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> XIII. That the venders of merchandise of every kind, within<br />this province, ought not to take advantage of the resolves relating to<br />non-importation in this province or else where; but that they ought to<br />sell their merchandise which they now have, or may hereafter import,<br />at the same rates they have been accustomed to do within three months<br />last past.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> XIV. That the people of this province will break off all trade,<br />commerce, and dealing , and will have no trade, or dealing of<br />any kind with any colony on this continent, or with any city or town,<br />which shall refuse, decline, or neglect to adopt, and carry into execution,<br />such general plan as shall be agreed to in in congress.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> XV. That it is the duty of every member of this committee<br />to promote, as much as he can, the subscription set on foot, in the seve-<br />ral counties of this province, for the relief of the distressed inhabitants<br />of Boston.</p>
<p><em>Unan.</em> XVI. That this committee give instructions on the present<br />situation of public affairs to their representatives, who are to meet next<br />week in assembly, and request them to appoint a proper number of persons<br />to attend a congress of deputies from the several colonies, at such time<br />and place as may be agreed on, to effect one general plan of conduct, for<br />attaining the great and important ends mentioned in the ninth resolve.</p>
<p>That John Dickinson, Doctor William Smith, Joseph Reed, John<br />Kidd, Elisha Price, William Atlee, James Smith, James Wilson,<br />Daniel Broadhead, John Okely, and William Scull, be appointed to<br />prepare and bring in a draught of instructions.</p>
<p><em>The remainder of the Philadelphia proceedings in our next; also those<br />of New Jersey, New York, and South Carolina.)</em></p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, AUGUST 4.</p>
<p></p>
<p>ON Monday last, agreeable to appointment, the general meeting of<br />the late representatives of this colony was held at the Capitol in<br />this city, to deliberate and consult upon the most effectual measures to<br />be taken to relieve American from her present distressed situation. But<br />as they still continue sitting, it is out of our power to oblige the public<br />with a particular relation of what has been done until next week,<br />when we hope to publish all their proceedings, which we doubt not will<br />be highly satisfactory to all the colonies.</p>
<p>A letter just received in this city from Boston, says, that the Bostoni-<br />ans have come into resolutions not to import or export any commodities<br />whatever after the 31st of this instant; and also, that they will not<br />purchase goods of any person without oath being first made that they<br />were engaged before this plan was adopted. This letter concludes, that<br />four regiments are now on the common, and more are daily expected.</p>
<p>The Northumberland, Orange, King George, Amelia, Frederick,<br />Lancaster, Mecklenburg, Lunenburg, Accomack, King William, War-<br />wick, and a few other resolves, we have received, but could not possibly<br />insert them. They promise the greatest loyalty and affection towards his<br />majesty, but at the same time, are spirited and determined in the pursuit<br />of their just rights and privileges.</p>
<p>Mr. Jacob Belcher, at Cabin Point, and Mr. Faulcon at Cobham, are<br />kind enough to provide store rooms for the reception of any commodities <br />for the use of Boston,</p>
<p>A few days ago a fire happened at the governor’s farm, near this city,<br />which entirely consumed a kitchen, and another out house; two or<br />three people narrowly escaped the flames.</p>
<p>Last Wednesday 300 stand of arms, with the proper accoutrements, were<br />sent from this city to his excellency lord Dunmore, now at Winchester,<br />agreeable to his order.</p>
<p>FRIDAY, <em>Agust</em> 5. This day Peyton Randolph, esquire, moderator,<br />of the present general meeting, Richard Henry Lee, George Washing-<br />ton, Patrick Henry, Richard Bland, Benjamin Harrison, and Edmund<br />Pendleton, esquires, were appointed to attend the general congress, on<br />behalf of this colony, on the 1st of next month, in Lancaster town, in<br />Pennsylvania,</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>at </em> Rockit’s <em>landing, near the </em> FALLS <em>of</em><br />JAMES RIVER,<br />ANY QUANTITY OF<br />PIT COAL,<br />For 10d. per bushel, ready money, or 12d (that being<br />the usual price) on credit, provided any good merchant,<br />in <em>Richmond</em> or <em>Manchester</em> towns will undertake to see<br />the money paid in a reasonable time.<br />3 SAMUEL DUVAL</p>
<p>SWAN’S POINT, <em>August</em> 3, 1774.<br />AGREEABLE to the wish of many gentlemen(my friends) I have<br />rented the houses, &c. at colonel <em>Blond’s</em> mill, in <em>Prince George,</em>,><br />and intend (God willing) to open TAVERN there on the 1st day of<br /><em>January</em> next. I have contracted, that the houses shall be in good re-<br />pair, and furnished with a good stable, &c. and I have an extensive ac-<br />quaintance with gentlemen that travel that way, I shall hope for small<br />favours, when convenient, and will endeavor to deserve them. Many<br />small debts are due me for ferriage, &amp.c. at this place, which would be<br />of infinite service in my present circumstances, and I hope they will be<br />discharged before my departure; nor shall I have inclination to keep such<br />accounts in future.<br />(2) THOMS FENNER,</p>
<p>PURSUANT to an order of <em>Amberst</em> court, will be let, to the lowest<br />bidder, at the courthouse of the said county, on the first <br /><em>Monday</em>in <em>November</em> next, being court day, the building of a PRISON, 37 by<br />22, the walls of which to be of brick and timber, 3 feet thick, to be<br />9 feet pitch in the clear, and to have a brick roof; a plan of which will<br />be shewn, and a more particular description given, on the day. Bond<br />and approved security will be required of the undertaker for his perform-<br />ance of the same.<br />WILLIAM CABELL,<br />COR. THOMAS,,<br />(3)AMROSE RUCKER.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, <em>July 30, 1774,</em><br />WANTED, for <em>Elizabeth River</em> parish, a CLERK. As the<br />emoluments arising from the said parish are very considerable,<br />none need apply unless he produces a recommendation of his good cha-<br />racter, who can read tolerably, and perform psalmody well.<br />(3) THOMAS DAVIS, MINISTER.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, <em>July</em> 30, 1774.<br />THE DUMFRIES JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of the 100 GUINEAS<br />is to be run for on <em>Tuesday</em> the 15th of <em>NOVEMBER</em> next, which is<br />fixed on for the first day of the <em>Dumfries</em> races for this year. NO person<br />will be allowed to start a horse, mare, or gelding, for this purse, but an<br />actual member of the club. There will be a SUBCRIPTION<br />PURSE run for the second day, and another the third day, of the<br />races. The particulars with regard to them will be advertised hereafter,<br />A premium of five GUINEAS will be given to the person or per-<br />sons that brings the six largest and fattest muttons; and a premium to<br />the person or persons that brings the two largest and fattest veals.<br />4 RICHARD GRAHAM, SECRETARY,</p>
<p>NORFOLK, <em>July</em> 30, 1774.<br />I SHALL leave this colony in a few weeks.<br />JOHN BRUCE.<br />**The school kept here for some years past by Mr. <em>Bruce</em> will be<br />continued, to its usual extent, by Mr. <em>Stevenson.</em> The debts that shall<br />become due to the said school in Mr. Bruce’s absence will be collected by<br />Mr. <em>James Ingram</em> his attorney, to whom such as intend to enter any<br />new, or withdraw any of the present members, will be pleased to make<br />known their intentions. (3)</p>
<p>THERE is now in my possession FOUR BALES of SAIL CANVAS,<br />marked G N I, NO, 114, shipped at <em>Liverpool</em> by one Mr. <em>Baines</em><br />and to be delivered to some gentleman in <em>Norfolk.</em> As no bill of lading<br />was signed for them, the gentleman who has a right to receive the four<br />bales must pay the craft hire, storage, and the expence of twice adver-<br />tising in this paper. 3 ISSAC YOUNGHUSBAND.</p>
<p>A STOCKING WEAVER, who understands his business well, and<br />is willing to carry it on in <em>Norfolk,<.em> may be supplied with a<br />LOOM for weaving coarse stockings, without any expence for the use of<br />it, and will meet with great encouragement from the inhabitants. For<br />the loom apply to (3) JAMES HOLT.</em></p>
<p>THE PURSE of FIFTY POUNDS, to be run for at <em>Aquia,</em> in<br /><em>Stafford</em>county, on the 2d <em>Thursdya</em> in <em>September,</em> is still conti-<br />ued. (2)</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>YORK county, to wit.<br />WHEREAS <em>Peter Pelham</em> hath informed me, one of his majesty’s<br />justices for the country aforesaid, that JOHN GORDON, WIL-<br />LIAM MOORE, and CHRISTOPHER WISECARVER, who were<br />committed on suspicion of felony, did, on the night of the 24th instant,<br />break out of and make their escape from the public gaol, I have there-<br />fore thought fit to issue this warrant, hereby, in his majesty’s name,<br />strictly commanding all sheriffs, constables, and other his majesty’s liege<br />subjects, to make diligent search and pursuit after the said felons, and<br />them, or either of them, having found, to convey them to the keeper<br />of the public gaol. <em>Gordon</em> is about 6 feet high, had on a light blue coat,<br />and striped waistcoat, has long hair tied behind, and is about 24 or 25<br />years old; from <em>Prince Edward,</em> for horsestealing. <em>Moore</em> is about 5<br />feet 6 inches high, had on a light coloured coat, has short red hair, ap-<br />pears to be about 22 years old, and has two biles upon one of his wrists;<br />from <em>Charlotte,</em> for robbery. <em>Wiseacre</em> is about 5 feet 5 or 6 inches high,<br />a young man, with short black hair, much pitted with the smallpox, and<br />dressed in oznabrigs; from <em>Dunmore,</em> for murder.</p>
<p>Given under my hand and seal, this 25th day of <em>July,</em> 1774.<br />JOSEPH HORNSBY.<br />**Those who are aiding and assisting in re-taking and conveying to<br />the public gaol the aforesaid <em>John Gordon, William Moore,</em> and <em>Christopher<br />Wiseacre,</em> shall be amply rewarded for their trouble.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>on Friday the 2d of September, as the late dwelling house of</em><br />Mr. Thomas Tinsley, <em>deceased, in</em> Hanover <em>towne,</em><br />NINE very valuable SLAVES, together with all his personal estate,<br />consisting of every kind of useful and fashionable HOUDSEHOLD<br />and KITCHEN FURNITURE, a valuable stock of CATTLE, HOGS,<br />HORSES, and SHEEP. At the same time will be rented, the LOT<br />and HOUSES thereon, being a dwellinghouse, smokehouse, dairy, kit-<br />chen, stable, billiard house, two very good shops, and garden well paled<br />in. The buildings are all in good repair, and remarkably well calculated<br />for keeping tavern. Twelve months credit will be allowed for all sums<br />above twenty five shillings, on giving bond, with approved security, to<br />the subscriber; who requests the favour of all persons indebted to the<br />estate to make speedy payments; and those who have any demands<br />against it are desired to make them known, without delay, to <em>Leighton<br />Wood,</em> junior, who is empowered to adjust the same. All debts not<br />punctually discharged are to carry interest from the date of the bonds.<br />AGNESS TINSLEY, Administratrix.</p>
<p><em>To be </em> SOLD, <em>by the subscriber, in</em> Brunswick <em>county,</em><br />A TRACT of LAND, containing 900 acres, on which are two<br />plantations in good order for cropping, with several valuable im-<br />provements thereon; the quality of the land is exceeding good for grain.<br />Credit will be given for one moiety of the sale of it for a considerable<br />time, the purchaser giving bond, with approved security. If the land<br />is not sold before the last <em>Friday</em> in <em>October</em> next at private sale, it will<br />then be exposed to public sale, in order to enable me to discharge my<br />engagements with my creditors. Any person, inclinable to treat for the<br />same may know the terms by applying to the subscriber on the premises.<br />3 CHRISTOPHER MASON.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>to the highest bidder, at </em> WESTBURY, <em>the seat of the late<br />colonel </em> Littlebury Cocke, <em>in</em> Charles City, <em>on</em> Thursday <em>the 25th of<br />August next, of fair, if not the next fair day,</em><br />TEN likely <em>Virginia</em> born SLAVES consisting of men, women, and<br />children, one of which is a very good HOUSECARPENTER;<br />also stocks of cattle, horses, hogs, and sheep, and sundry household and<br />kitchen furniture, belonging to the estate of the said <em>Littlebury Cocke.</em><br />One or two of the slaves will be sold for ready money, and six months<br />credit allowed for the remainder, on giving bond, with approved security,<br />to carry interest from the date, if not punctually paid. All persons hav-<br />ing demands against the said estate are desired to attend the sale with their<br />several claims, properly authenticated.<br />WILLIAM EDLOE,<br />tdf WILLIAM GREEN MUNFORD.</p>
<p>THE subscriber intends to leave <em>Petersburg</em> about the 1st of <em>September,</em><br />and as he has several WATCHES belonging to different people in<br />his custody, will be much obliged to the proprietors to call for them as<br />soon as possible, otherwise I propose taking them away with me.<br />(3) WILLIAM BATHGATE.</p>
<p>STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber’s plantation, near <em>WIilliams-<br />burg,</em> about 10 days ago, a roan mare, about 14 hands high, with<br />a switch tail, paces slow, and has the usual marks of a work beast; her<br />brand, if any, is forgot. Whoever brings her to the subscriber, or to<br />Mr. <em>William Douglas,</em> at <em>Providence</em> forge, (where she belongs,) shall have<br />TWENTY SHILLINGS reward, and if stolen, FIVE POUNDS, on<br />conviction of the thief. 3 WILLIAM HOLT.</p>
<p>TEN POUNDS REWARD.<br />RUN away, from <em>Baltimore,</em> SAMUEL POWIS, a tailor and stay-<br />maker, born in the west of <em>England,</em> speaks broad, is a small man,<br />about 40 years of age, and wears short brown hair; had on a white<br /><em>Welch</em> cotton coat with a falling collar and short skirts, a dark wilton<br />jacket, linen breeches, and small old shoes, with nails in the heels. His<br />other cloaths unknown. He took with him a country made sickle,<br />stamped Hews. EDWARD WILLIAMS, a stout, down looking fel-<br />low, of a brown complexion, born in <em>Wales,</em> and speaks on the <em>Welch</em><br />dialect, has short brown hair, and is about 30 years of age; he took with<br />him a new bed tick, a light coloured superfine broadcloth coat, which is<br />too small for him, a dark coloured cloth coat trimmed with brass but-<br />tons and brown binding, a brown broadcloth jacket, a green birdeyed<br />ditto, several pair of coarse grey stockings, a new felt hat, sundry knives,<br />buckles, buttons, &c. some store goods, unknown, and a silver watch,<br />the winding chain of which is broke. Whoever secures the said servants<br />shall have 40s. for each or either of them, and if taken up 50 miles off<br />and brought home 5l. for each, and all reasonable charges paid. All<br />persons are forewarned taking them out of the colony,<br />* ABRAHAM JARRETT,</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, in <em>Faquier</em> county, near the court-<br />house, two servant men, born in <em>England;</em> one of them is<br />named THOMAS BOYCE, between 30 and 40 years of age, of a dark<br />complexion, black hair, black eyes, and much pitted with the smallpox,<br />about 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, and middling well made; had on,<br />and took with him, a brown shirt, brown linen trowsers, a fine hat half<br />worn, check shirt, old brown coat, the skirts of which not hemmed, and<br />has an indenture of <em>John Steel’s,</em> with a discharge on the back of it<br />and signed by me; therefore, in all probability, will endeavour to pass<br />as a free man. The other is named THOMAS GOODE, an indentured<br />servant, who has, I understand, forged himself a discharge in captain<br /><em>Robinson’s</em> name, about 20 years of age, middling tall, has a pleasant<br />countenance, dark eyes and hair, and has a very clumsy way of walking;<br />had on a brown lined shirt and trousers, <em>English</em> made shoes, an old<br />coarse hat trimmed round the brim, and a short striped jacket with sleeves.<br />Whoever will deliver me both the above mentioned servants shall have<br />FIVE POUNDS, or FIFTY SHILLINGS for either, if taken in the<br />colony, and if in any other, reasonable satisfaction shall be made. I<br />forewarn all masters of vessels and others from taking them on board<br />their vessels, or carrying them out of the colony.<br />WILLIAM SETTLE.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, in <em>Amherst,</em> the 10th of <em>July,</em> a<br />mulatto woman slave named SALL, though commonly goes by the<br />name of SALLY GREY; she is of the middle size, well shaped, <em>Vir-<br />ginia</em> born, about 25 years old, and had on a brown linen jacket and pet-<br />ticoat; I cannot learn that she carried any other clothes with her, She<br />is of a numerous family of mulattoes, and formerly belonged to a gen-<br />tleman of the name of <em>Howard,</em> in <em>York</em> county, from whence I pur-<br />chased her a few years ago, and where probably she may attempt to go<br />again, or perhaps into <em>Cumberland</em> or<em>Amelia,</em>, where, I am informed,<br />many of her kindred live. I shall esteem it as a particular favour of those<br />gentlemen who have of her relations in their possession to have her ap-<br />prehended, should she be lurking about their plantations; and I will give<br />a handsome reward, besides what the law allows, to any person who shall<br />deliver her to me. 6 GABRIEL PENN.</p>
<p>COMMITTED to the gaol of <em>Middlesex</em> a negro man slave, who says<br />he belongs to Mr. <em>Benjamin Grymes,</em> of <em>Spotsylvania;</em> he appears to<br />be between 30 and 40 years of age, and is about 5 feet 6 inches high.<br />The owner is desired to take him away, and pay charges.<br />JOHN CRAINE, Gaoler.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Cumberland,</em> a dark bay horse, about 4 feet 6 inches<br />high, with a star in his forehead, branded on the near shoulder EM,<br />and on the near buttock D, has a large scar under his tail, about 23<br />years old, and had a bell on. Posted, and appraised to 4l.<br />() JOSEPH HARRIS.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Albermarle,</em> near the <em>Piney</em> mountains, a SORREL<br />MARE, much mixed with white hairs, paces and trots, has a<br />star in her forehead, a snip on her nose, some saddle spots, and branded<br />on the rear shoulder IP; also a sorrel horse colt, supposed to be four<br />months old, paces and trots, has a star in his forehead, and a snip on<br />his nose. They are posted, and appraised to 7l. 10s.<br />() WILLIAM DOWELL.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Culpepper,</em> a chestnut sorrel mare, about 10 years old,<br />4 feet 7 inches and a half high, branded on the near shoulder IP, has<br />a star in her forehead, a small snip on her nose, some white hairs on the<br />root of her tail, and some saddle spots on her back. Posted, and ap-<br />raised to 10l. () AMBROSE POWELL.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Louisa,</em> a bay horse, about 4 feet 7 inches high, 4<br />years old, docked and branded on the near buttock. D. Posted, and<br />appraised to 12l. () JOHN LIPSCOMB.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Culpepper,</em> a bay mare, 4 feet 3 inches and a half high,<br />branded on the near shoulder N. and on the near buttock with a <br />blotch, paces slow, and appears to be about 8 or 9 years old. Posted,<br />and appraised to 7l. () ZACHARIAH GIBBS,</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Orange,</em> a large red and white steer, is old, and ap-<br />pears to have been worked, marked with a slit and underkeel in his<br />right ear, and there appears to have been a hole at the bottom of the<br />slip, and has an overkeel in the left. Posted, and appraised to 4l. 10s.<br />() WILLIAM CAVE.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Orange,</em> a black horse, about 15 years old, branded<br />on the near buttock ), and on the far shoulder with a W and a V<br />joined in each other, about 4 feet 7 or 8 inches high, has several saddle<br />spots, and a small star in his forehead. Posted, and appraised to 8l.<br />() JOHN SNELL, junior.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in the lower end of <em>Amelia,</em> a middle sized pale red cow,<br />about 7 or 8years old, marked with a crop and underkeel in the<br />left ear, and a slit in the right; she has a calf with her. Posted, and<br />appraised to 2l. 10s. () LAWRENCE WILLS.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Amerlia</em>, on <em>Sandy Creek,<.em> near <em>Appamattox</em>river, a<br />dark red steer rather inclined to a brindle, with a white face, and<br />a white streak along his back, 4 feet 2 inches high, a crop and two un-<br />derkeels in the left ear, and a crop and one underkeel in the right; he<br />appears as if he had been worked. Pasted, and appraised to 4l.<br />() JOHN CHAPMAN.</em></p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Elizabeth City,</em> a small bay mare colt, neither docked<br />nor branded. Posted, and appraised to 1l. 10s.<br />() WILLIAM POOL.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Amherst,</em> a black mare, about 4 feet 4 inches high,<br />8 or 9 years old, with a star in her forehead, some saddle spots on<br />her back, and had on a large bell. Posted, and appraised to 6l.<br />() JOHN SANDIDGE.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Mecklenburg,</em> a grey mare, about 4 or 5 inches high,<br />docked, but not branded, has a saddle spot on the off side, and<br />about 5 years old. () THOMAS MOORE.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Culpepper,</em> a red cow, with a white face, not marked,<br />and about 7 years old; also a steer, about 3 years old, with an un-<br />derkeel in the right ear, and crop, slit, and underkeel, in the left.<br />Posted, and appraised, the cow to 2l. 10s. and the steer to 1l. 5s.<br />() JACOB RIFFY.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Culpepper,<.em> a dark bay horse, 14 hands and a half high,<br />branded on the near buttock IG, has a ridged mane, some saddle<br />spots on the back, paces and is about 12 years old. Posted, and ap-<br />praised to 12l. () JOHN WHITESIDES.</em></p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Halifax</em> on <em>Staunton</em> river, a chestnut sorrel horse,<br />with a blaze in his face, two of his fore, and one of his hind legs<br />white, as high as his knees, branded on the near shoulder MG, has a <br />hanging mane and switch tail, and appears to ne about 8 or 9 years old.<br />Posted, an appraised to 1l. () WILLIAM EMBRY</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Caroline,</em> an unmarked heifer; she has some white<br />under her belly. Posted, and appraised to 1l.<br />() WILLIAM KIDD,</p>
<p>FOR SALE.<br />TWO thousand ACRES of exceeding fine LAND for tobacco,<br />wheat, or <em>Indian</em> corn, lying on both sides of <em>Bull Run,</em> in <em>Loudoun</em><br />and <em>Prince William,</em> about 300 acres of which are rich low ground and<br />meadow land. It lies within four miles of two merchant mills, and<br />about ten miles of two other merchant mills in <em>Loudoun</em>; thirty miles<br />from <em>Colchester, Alexandria,</em> and <em>Dumfries.</em> If any person or persons in-<br />cline to purchase the whole, or any part of the said lands, they may be<br />shewn them, and know the terms, by applying to captain <em>Francis Peyton,</em><br />in <em>Loudoun</em> county, who has full power to treat for the same, or to the<br />subscriber. It is laid off in lots of two, three, and four hundred acres,<br />with an equal quantity of low ground and meadow land to each lot.<br />1 m tf) ROBERT BURWELL.</p>
<p>PORTSMOUTH, <em>July</em> 5, 1774.<br />A PURSE of 100 guineas to be run for by any horse, mare, or<br />gelding, over the two mile course at this place, the best two heats<br />in three, on <em>Tuesday</em> the 20th of <em>September,</em> carrying weight for age,<br />agreeable to the articles of the said purse, which are to be seen in the<br />hands of Mr. <em>Richard Nestor,</em> merchant there, with whom all horses<br />starting for the said purse are to be entered, the day before the race at<br />farthest. The money to be paid to the winner immediately after the<br />race, It is also proposed to have two more races, one on the <em>Wednesday</em><br />following for 50l. the other on <em>Thursday,</em> for 30l. which will be adver-<br />tised particularly, as soon as the subscriptions are full.</p>
<p>YORK TOWN, <em>July</em> 27, 1774,<br />MY mulatto fellow CORNELIUS ran away from this town about<br />5 weeks ago; he was apprehended at <em>Fredericksburg,</em> brought<br />here and imprisoned, and last night broke gaol. While he continued at<br /><em>Fredericksburg</em> unmolested, he passed for a free man. His wife, a mulatto,<br />was in company with him; both were considered as free people, and<br />hired in the harvest by some planters. Their scheme was to get money,<br />and to proceed back upon the frontiers of <em>Virginia.</em> Whoever apprehends<br />the mulatto fellow in this colony, and delivers him tot me, will be en-<br />titled to a reward of FIVE POUNDS, and if take in another colony, and secured<br />in any of the county gaols here, SIX POUNDS.<br />JOHN H. NORTON.<br />**The fellow is middle sized; he carried with him a russia drill<br />postilion coat and waistcoat, and an old blue livery cloth suit.</p>
<p>RUN away on the 10th instant <em>(July)<em> from the subscriber, living<br />at <em>Aquia,</em> in <em>Stafford,</em> a convict servant man named ROBERT<br />RIVERS, about 5 feet 4 or 5 inches high, has black hair, and a swarthy<br />complexion; had on a felt hat almost new, a brown <em>Newmarket</em> coat and<br />waistcoat, check shirt, brown linen trowsers, cotton breeches, and old<br />shoes. He is by trade a shoemaker. Whoever takes up the said servant,<br />and secures him so that I get him again, shall have TEN DOLLARS<br />reward, and reasonable charges allowed. JAMES HOLLAWAY.</em></em></p>
<p>COMMITTED to the gaol of <em>Prince George</em> a negro man who says<br />he belongs to one <em>Gibson</em> in <em>Suffolk,</em>and was sent up the river to<br />be sold, at which time he run away. He appears to be about 35 years<br />of age, is well made, and has on an oznabrig shirt and towsers; he is<br />about 5 feet 10 inches high. Whoever owns the said negro is desired to<br />apply for him, and take him away, after proving his property, and pay-<br />ing charges. () HENRY BATTE,</p>
<p>COMMITTEED to <em>Dinwiddie</em> gaol, two negro men, who cannot, or<br />will not, tell their masters names. They have on oxnabrig shirts,<br />sailors jackets, and cotton breeches; one has a short petticoat over his<br />breeches, the other calls himself JEMMY, is very black, and much<br />pitted with the smallpox. The owners are desired to apply for them.<br />() MATTHEW MAYES.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, in <em>Orange,</em> a convict man named<br />HENRY HURST, about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, of a fair<br />complexion, and a little pitted with the smallpox, has black hair, grey<br />eyes, and stammers much when frightened; had on a check shirt, with<br />a brown one over it, a white dimity waistcoat, and oznabrig trowsers.<br />I will give FORTY SHILLINGS, besides what the law allows, to<br />whoever will secure him in any gaol, so that I may get him; and if<br />brought home, will allow all reasonable charges. All matters of vessels<br />are forewarned from carrying him out of the colony.<br />(1) THOMAS ROBINS.</p>
<p>STRAYED from the subscriber the 12th of May last a yellowish bay<br />mare, with a blaze face, near 11 hands high, and had a star on her off<br />side. As she was bred in <em>Prince Edward</em> county, she will probably en-<br />deavour to return there. Whoever brings the said mare to me, in <em>Rich-<br />mond</em> town, shall be well rewarded. 2 JAMES BUCHANAN.</p>
<p>TO BE RENTED,<br /><em>From year to year, or for a term of years, and entered upon the first day of<br /></em> September <em>next,</em><br />A CONVENIENT TENEMENT in the town of <em>Petersburg,</em><br />at present in the possession of Mr. <em>Andrew Johnston,</em> whereon is a <br />commodious storehouse, with a large counting room, and lodging rooms<br />under the same roof, lumber houses of different sizes and for different<br />purposes, stable, charthouse, and a garden well paled in. Any useful<br />repairs may be made by the tenant, and the expence deducted out of the<br />rent. The terms, which are extremely low, may be known by applying<br />to 3 BOLLING [damaged, illegible].</p>
</div>
<div class="”column”">
<h6>Column 2>/h6></h6>
<p>TO BE SOLD,<br />THE noted and well accustomed TAVERN, at present occupied by<br />the subscriber, lying in <em>James City</em> county, about 15 miles from<br /><em>Williamsburg,</em> on the main road leading to <em>New Kent</em> courthouse and<br /><em>Ruffin’s</em> ferry, with 500 acres of LAND in good order for cropping, and<br />6 fields under good fence. The terms of payment will be made easy by<br />the subscriber. THOMAS DONCASTLE.</p>
<p>THE ship TRIUMPH will certainly sail for <em>London</em> in six weeks,<br />agreeable to charter, and will take in tobacco, on liberty of con-<br />signnment, at 8l. sterling per ton. Any person inclinable to ship tobacco<br />in her will be pleased to send their orders to Mr. <em>James Donald</em> at <em>Man-<br />chester,</em> to Mr. <em>Charles Duncan,</em> at <em>Blanford,</em> to captain <em>Rogers</em> at <em>Ber-<br />muda Hundred,</em> to the subscriber at <em>Curle’s,</em> who will be extremely<br />obliged by the assistance of his friends.<br />3 PHILIP MAZZEI.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land, lying<br />on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa, with<br />those plantations thereon, two of which has sufficient<br />houses for overseers and negroes; the other is improved<br />with all necessary buildings, and orchards of all kinds,<br />fit for the reception of a gentleman, the houses being<br />finished in the best manner. This tract is well timbered<br />and watered, lies within 32 miles of Fredericksburg, and<br />43 of Page’s warehouse; there are at least 400 acres of<br />low grounds, of the best soil, 300 of which are now to<br />cut. The three plantations are under good fences, and<br />in good order to work 12 or 15 hands. Robert Flem-<br />ing, John Massey, and John Lain, are now in possession<br />of the plantations, who will shew the land to any person<br />inclinable to purchase, and Major Thomas Johnson will<br />agree with them for the price. The above tract is esteem-<br />ed the most valuable in Louisa for growing corn, wheat,<br />or tobacco, and situated in the best range for stock of any<br />below the great mountains. (tf 1*)</p>
<p>RUN away, from Neabsco furnace, the 16th of<br />March a light coloured mulatto man named<br />BILLY, or WILL, the property of the honourable<br />John Tayloe, esquire. When I tell the public that he<br />is the same boy who for many years used to wait on me,<br />in my travels through this and the neigbouring pro-<br />vince, and by his pertness, or rathe impudence, was<br />well known to all my acquaintances, there is the less<br />occasion for a particular description of him. However,<br />as he is now grown to the size of a man, and has not at-<br />tended me for some time past, I think it not amiss to say<br />that he is a very likely young fellow, about 20 years<br />old, 5 feet 9 inches high, stout and strong made, has a<br />remarkable swing in his walk, but is much more so by a<br />surpriziing knack he has of gaining the good graces of<br />almost every body who will listen to his bewitching and<br />deceitful tongue, which seldom or ever speaks the truth.<br />He has a small scar on the right side of his forehead, and<br />the little finger of his right hand is quite straight by a<br />hurt he got when a child. Had on, when he went away,<br />a blue fearnought jacket, and an under one of green<br />baize, cotton breeches, oznabrig shirt, mixed blue sale<br />stockings, country made shoes, and yellow buckles.<br />From his ingenuity, he is capable of doing almost any<br />sort of business, and for some years past, has been chiefly<br />employed as a founder, a stone mason, and a miller, as<br />occasion required; one of which trades, I imagine, he<br />will, in the character of a free man, profess. I have<br />some reason to suspect his travelling towards James river,<br />under the pretence of being sent by me on business.<br />Whoever apprehends the said fellow, and brings him to<br />me, or to his master, the honourable John Taylor, at<br />Mountairy, or secure him so as to be had again, shall<br />have treble what the law allows, and all reasonable<br />charges paid. tf<br />THOMAS LAWSON.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich<br />TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst county, whereon<br />are several plantations and improvements sufficient to<br />work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale<br />a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately bult with a<br />stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILL-<br />STONES, which mill has for two years past got up-<br />wards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a<br />never failing stream. The land will be shewn by William<br />Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the<br />prices of the land made known by him. One or two<br />years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the<br />second year, and also for the first, if the money is not<br />paid agreeable to contract. The land is to be laid off<br />and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence<br />of the purchaser. Deeds will be made, upon bond and<br />approved security being given, either to Call, William<br />Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent, discount will be<br />allowed for ready money, or good merchants notes. If<br />any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower<br />part of the country, on or near some navigable river,<br />that are good, it is more than probable we should agree.<br />CARTER BRAXTON.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, and entered upon immediately,<br />A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more<br />or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county.<br />It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I<br />advertised last year and then gave a full account of it,<br />since then I sold it to John Attway Clarke, of Maryland,<br />but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more<br />to offer it to he public. Any person inclinable to pur-<br />chse may know the terms by applying to me in Mid-<br />dlesex. I want part of the money at the meeting of the<br />merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable<br />credit. tf AUGUSTINE SMITH.</p>
<p>YORK town, June 9, 1773.<br />THE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with<br />the will of their testator, the late Honourable<br />William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted<br />to him will endeavour to make as speedy payments as<br />possible. Those who have accounts open on his books,<br />and who cannot immediately discharge the balances,<br />are desired to give their bonds. This request is the<br />more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by<br />the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has<br />directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed<br />out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it<br />can be done. Those who have any demands are desired<br />to make them immediately known.<br />THOMAS NELSON, HUGH NELSON,<br />THOMAS NELSON, jun. Ro. C. NICHOLAS.</p>
<div class=""column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>To be SOLD, at public auction, at Westmoreland court-<br />house, on Tuesday the 27th day of September, being<br />Westmoreland court day,,<br />TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born SLAVES.<br />Credit will be allowed until the 10th of November<br />following, on giving bond and good security. The<br />bonds to bear interest from the date if not punctually<br />discharged. tdf RICHARD PARKER.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />FIVE hundred acres of land, lying on Deep Creek, in<br />Louisa, about 45 miles of Richmond town, and is<br />exceeding good land, well watered by Deep Creek, and<br />a large branch thereof, which runs though the middle<br />of the land, and affords a large quantity of rich meadow<br />ground. Any person inclinable to purchase may see the<br />the land, and know the terms, by applying to the subscriber,<br />living near it. tf 1* GEORGE MERIWEATHER.</p>
<p>TO BE RENTED,<br />FROM YEAR TO YEAR, OR FOR A TERM OF YEARS,<br />BELVOIR,<br />THE beautiful seat of the honourable George William<br />Fairfax, esquire, lying upon Potowmack river, in<br />FAIRFAX county, about 14 miles below Alexandria. The<br />mansion house is of brick, two story high, with four con-<br />venient rooms and a large passage upon the lower floor,<br />five rooms and a passage on the second, and a servants<br />hall and cellars below; convenient offices, stables, and<br />coach house adjoining, as also a large and well furnish-<br />ed garden, stored with great variety of valuable fruits, in<br />good order. Appertaining to the tract on which these<br />improvements are, and which contains near 2000 acres<br />(surrounded in a manner, by navigable water) are se-<br />veral valuable fisheries, and a good deal of cleared land<br />in different parts, which may be let altogether, or sepa-<br />rately, as shall be found most convenient. The terms<br />may be known of Colonel Washington, who lives near<br />the premises, or of me, in Berkely county.<br />tf FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.<br />NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels<br />will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000<br />tons of stone from Mr. Brook’s quarry, on Rappahan-<br />nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light-<br />house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work<br />are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Loyall,<br />and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors<br />of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or<br />two flat bottomed vessels form 80 to 120 tons burthen.<br />tf BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p><em>For SALE,</em><br />A TRACT of land, on Charles river, York county,<br />containing about 600 acres, part of which is marsh,<br />that may be drained with very little expence. The situ-<br />ation of this place is very convenient for a family, as it<br />lies upon a river that abounds with oysters and fine fish,<br />particularly sheepsheads; it is within 200 yards of a mill,<br />and 2 miles of the church. My reason for selling it is,<br />my having bought a tract of land more convenient to me.<br />Whoever inclines to purchase may know the terms by<br />applying to the subscriber, in York town.<br />THOMAS NELSON, junior.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, together or in parcels,<br />THAT fertile and well timbered tract of LAND,<br />lying in Princess Anne county, known by the name<br />of GIBB’S WOODS, whereon are several settlements,<br />and whereof Jeremiah Tinker, esquire, grandson of the<br />late governor Gibbs now stand seized, under the deed<br />of gift of his mother, the daughter and heiress of the<br />said governor Gibbs. Persons inclining to purchase may<br />be informed of the terms by applying to Mr. James<br />Parker, merchant in Norfolk, or to Edward Foy, in<br />Williamsburg, who will give an undoubted title. tf</p>
<p>WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second-<br />hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight<br />each. Any person having such for sale are desired to<br />make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk.<br />t.f. BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>KING HEROD<br />STANDS at Rosegill, and will cover mares at FOUR<br />POUNDS the season. Those who send mares must<br />send the money, otherwise they shall not be left. The<br />valuable qualities, and the pedigree, of this horse, are<br />sufficiently notorious. RALPH WORMELEY, junior.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,<br />A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none<br />of the land having been cleared above six years,<br />with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500<br />acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good<br />that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with-<br />out dung. I have made on this plantation above three<br />thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very<br />healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies<br />in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-<br />mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and Mayo<br />creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near<br />to Petersburg, and the canoes brought back; they were<br />loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt<br />but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the<br />expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &c. will be trifling.<br />Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce<br />of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not><br />know any better high land in the colony. This tract of<br />land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I<br />do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on<br />Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat<br />in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage-<br />ous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 826<br />acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles<br />from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the<br />quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small<br />plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is<br />good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any<br />person who viewed either of the above tracts of land<br />would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither<br />of these tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever.<br />A reasonable time of payment will be allowed.<br />tf ANTHONY WINSTON.</p>
</div>
</div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2022.11
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette. Number 430, Thursday August 4, 1774
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-08-04
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/b6367c727aeb9e338db3a3de7619490d.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=cLxK0zmSUGxQyHY4OEsF1KeyWhNRcKX45gD3a5RPb3SRkDO2tJb9oNfg4GwEnBexMwFj2JCvzW-UvbgCaA2PqpmrToRihdOumyv9c-OxvJgRIpwffXMwqQsuqWg7RpA8TreFRS8K%7E1hBNT4GdGQBn2mRu-Ycx4EKgZGWfthde1OvzxmQbSGbimeQw5nhErth10SSqL1gkGXCVPRqcB%7EwZNTHl-vK%7Eru%7EYPvqVX9W1ZTRKykh53Hr-QuzQY9zZtf6%7EF8n5W7nEF6QyBvwqM6c4oWpQoeVtVxNspuOv2oDPewW72NWJBMJKiMLJ7c45TOWxYU5jojvvy1n-Qu%7E3X898g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
845fe2ad3b63319657fc04fbf79fcf90
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/e20df59e8618850b41960478af3972f0.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=jzZnNVqdNsiD676Mt1cMxlJqM0WkVLEzDtcmPhmfuW%7ENR4j2rqm%7EbZ9gEzbt26ctPRQdWoex4Ola0tbt8r53bpbhWvnLlmCPE1jtL7vEutpCgfm%7E3SKF5eCtmxouTAseOUCGU0cDnenYpbP-Y5W8UNLMW7-7esNzWDsApUBAlvpXoQUj3DCUFc11n7JrZEacmB5MzZwyV7LFrCyRZpjf0gmf1v199%7E6oIxqGafSqv5GJPt1ipXmP%7EwerB9NpYkZSb5DT9bNGePtqjDQGO7KAH-Ras4Eq6zhHqius4X%7EVrJwCE2%7EjbkwQxIPTHrqIcbGi6dcaDyb5RpbvZ8BhgHTDwQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
4b9900bc1cd7007af2b38cdc7a350268
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/2c84f2443c363676d85fef124f079d8c.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=q1EJwhTmRSdeW-l11WfSlc7xpcwDV8DkJ052vbOLpDU5s7VQB37ga3g-yJRv51nrpS%7EQNbLfulIXWbehNBqTDpWH4IVeQ7nbpoEm4PAyxXf67TSPK9Kv8AmiNlAJWtg6Asi7T7GfRvumQQY%7EINkOCZQzUTlL%7EQngzliM4FBuW6u%7EXScSvaFpveILPMqS-AJL-UY0lQKnCEJZuIRm3lTUGTjgfJC92eRqpLNjyF%7E2WfXllrVMZGw4gGbjEbgkr1uXR1CNJdmqjU6MAAmTtuIrDrGJ5sU045pgxqNaHD7iE3wMZDeUQm35R7JWEc3lVKqSlh8fb93yVf9D6XPHOpxtuQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
4dd9105ad7d7e475df7ae54ad10da3e5
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/4b1fffbc46bb4fbebe48a48957e6d3a7.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=aaUigas7ep8dElYuCJ1Jhk1aHoftwbBflZ%7E8N-7Boi1mrTujZysXJ2klV7Tnyjz2z43rgSKMjllNCuRNSrYQacCtGVqX6bVNp8aoMbbex%7EHttAnA9GvGZL0NXggNKMD6u2FnwJte-Fp8y2sKTtzJlWv4mjdNXCScm8qvoSknq5CDfgODkCvs6f28UOpLrWGM7OBS0GmVbrwTWW7H0SiXOMgT0fig6P-hbATtXNjfDVh0Lg4ZInqeY%7EiBvF9aI0h8Gk5yWz0JvidBK%7EktadRhWrjUV0414QcWaZSg3FR9eDi48Rhdu8N3kotG6N99%7EaND9fYhxn968BjisDUax3wpyA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
bf53c9593f517d51caa9e6ef812a3e1c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
<h5>Page 1</h5>
<p>Thursday, September 22, 1774. NUMBER 437.<br />THE<br />VIRGINIA GAZETTE.</p>
<p>Open To ALL PARTIES, But influenced by NONE.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG: PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND.< /p></p>
<p>All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12 s. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3 s. the first Week,<br />and 2 s. each Time after; long ones in Proportion.——PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.</p>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>To the GENTLEMEN of the VESTRIES in VIRGINIA.<br />Cessat decursus donorum si assat recursus graciarum.<br />Withhold your favours when they meet with no returns of gratitude.</p>
<p>GENTLEMEN,<br />I LATELY took the freedom to give some advice and reprehension<br />to the clergy, though not more with a view to their reformation<br />than with some expectation that it would put my countrymen on<br />their guard against imposition. If there was as much reason for<br />complaint, and the people have been as much injured, as was<br />represented, it behoves all who love LIBERTY and JUSTICE<br />to exert themselves in their behalf; but this will especially be expected<br />from you, as their representatives in ecclesiastical matters, and the<br />guardians of their spiritual privileges. It is to be lamented, that your<br />authority and power is so little adequate to the importance of your trust<br />and your opportunities for usefulness, and still more to be lamented, that<br />so much power and liberty is lodged in the clergy, who shew so great<br />a propensity to change their power into oppression, and their liberty into<br />licentiousness. Nevertheless, small as your authority is, a discreet and<br />circumspect use of it may produce beneficial effects, and independent as<b<br />the clergy are, their peace and comfort may appear to hang, in some<br />measure, on your favour and indulgence.</p>
<p>That you may be the more ready to listen to an address to you on this<br />occasion, much might be said on the dignity of your office, both as agents<br />for the people and assistants in governing the church of Christ, and also<br />on the importance of different points that come under your decision.<br />Instead of this, I shall content myself with taking notice of the single<br />act of setting a pastor over a congregation, as of sufficient consequence to<br />gain your attention to every rational argument and advice that may urge<br />you to, or assist you in, the performance of your duty. How inconsider-<br />able soever this business may be thought by men who undervalue every<br />thing that does not appear conspicuous in this world, yet in the final day<br />of accounts, when every article of human life will be rated according to<br />its real worth, it will be found that the election of a christian teacher<br />will have a higher value set upon it than many transactions which are<br />alluded to with greater solicitude, and looked upon to be far more interest-<br />ing, by the generality of mankind. It is evident, from scripture, that<br />preaching is the stated method of proclaiming the doctrines of salvation<br />to men, and also that its efficacy depends almost wholly on the manner<br />of its being performed and the example that accompanies it, so that the<br />character and ability of the minister are according to the plan of provi-<br />dence and system of grace, of nearly the same importance with christianity<br />itself. What a serious thought is this, that the eternal state of many<br />fellow creatures should so much depend on the conduct of one man, and<br /><em>that one</em> man should depend on your appointment! With what deliberation<br />and enquiry, with what anxiety and circumspection, must a truly con-<br />scientious man, warmed with benevolence, and softened with humanity,<br />proceed to an act of such everlasting consequence to his countrymen, to<br />his friends, to his neighbours, to his relations, when the social tie is the<br />strongest, and the union the most intimate! If the competition for a<br />parish lay between two clergymen of such equal parts and piety that the<br />difference would affect the future state of but a single person, would it not<br />demand your utmost care and study to make the happy choice? Nay, if<br />the difference between two candidates were so small as to affect only the<br />degree of future happiness in one individual, and that individual were the<br />most inconsiderable person you represent, certainly his pains could be<br />reckoned too great to find out the superior of the two; for the smallest<br />and seemingly most trivial circumstance, when it comes to be cloathed<br />with infinite duration, acquires a value that sets it above the most prized<br />possessions that have but a temporary existence. But where there is all<br />the reason in the world to think there is a very great inequality among<br />ministers of the gospel, and that while some by their knowledge, their<br />zeal, and exemplary lives, shall <em>turn many unto righteousness,</em> there are<br />others, who by their ignorance, their indolence, or unchristian practices,<br />shall lead men into error and perdition, what words can express the pre-<br />caution and scrutiny that should be employed in distinguishing the one sort<br />from the other?</p>
<p>No more, I presume, need be urged to procure the attention of every<br />considerate vestryman to whatever may be offered in regard to the dis-<br />charge of his great trust, as well as that particular part of it that relates<br />to the choice of a pastor. It must be owned that the time allowed for<br />your determination is so soon elapsed, and those who solicit are often so<br />little known, and have so great interest in disguising, that you must<br />sometimes be unavoidably deceived. What encreases your difficulty in<br />this matter, too, is, the great liberty many gentlemen take in recom-<br />mending clergymen to vacant parishes when they know very little of<br />them, and many times when what they do know affords no reason to<br />think them fit to teach or govern a christian society. Setting aside the<br />iniquity of this custom, with respect to its hurtful influence on religion,<br />it is really astonishing that men of sense and reputation, who in other<br />things adhere punctually to honour and truth, should in this case so<br />shamefully violate truth, honour, and fidelity. I dare say there are at<br />this time not a few clergymen who have been of signal disadvantage to<br />the people that have procured a reception into their parishes merely by<br />carrying vouchers for their merit from gentlemen of character. What a<br />pity it is, that any man should make use of his credit to do so great an<br />injury to his fellow men, and to those, too, who rely most on his veracity<br />and judgment! Nor is it less strange that this practice should bring so<br />little reproach on persons who would have been justly disgraced had they<br />been as culpably accessary to the temporal damage of mankind; an in-<br />contestable evidence this of the little regard that has been paid among<br />us to religion, and the purity of the church of England.</p>
<p>But let not these difficulties discourage you, but rather incite you to<br />greater prudence, integrity, and diligence, in the discharge of your<br />weighty trust; and the less confidence you find there is to be put in the<br />intercession of others, the more sedulous should you be in taking the ad-<br />vantage of personal interviews with the candidates for your parishes, by<br />carefully examining their principles and inspecting their conduct. To do<br />this, you must see how necessary it is that you yourselves should be well<br />acquainted with the laws, tenets, and government, of the church to<br />which you have solemnly subscribed to be conformable, and without the <br />knowledge of which you cannot act the part of faithful vestrymen. You<br />must be convinced of this, when it is considered that your office plainly<br />requires you to interrogate candidates freely and particularly about the<br />plan they intend to proceed on in their ministerial exercises, the doctrines<br />they intend to preach, the interpretations they put on the articles of the<br />church, the duties they think incumbent on clergymen as to private<br />labours among their parishioners, the discipline they intend to practise,<br />and to put such other questions as may sound their religious notions and<br />give you an insight into their real characters. It will be requisite, more-<br />over, to observe whether they be well versed in the scriptures, and are<br />fond of discoursing on divine subjects, whether they try most to learn the<br />state of religion and the most likely means of promoting it among the<br />people, or are most inquisitive about the value of their salaries and the<br />fertility and improvements of the glebes. You must expect that the more<br />wary and strict you are with them the more artful and industrious impostors<br />will be at dissimulation. But it is extremely hard for an ignorant man to<br />appear knowing, or for a knave to personate the honest man, under the<br />eye and examination of a discerning judge. If the mask does not drop<br />quite off, it will slip aside sometimes and let you have a glance at their</p>
</div>
<div class="“column">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>faces, which will embolden you to go on in your search, till you can,<br />in a becoming manner, tear it off and expose the full visage of the wolf.</p>
<p>I cannot help giving you some caution, particularly against those gentle-<br />men who come from the north part of Britain. The church of England<br />has been greatly prejudiced by adopting the discarded sons of the kirk of<br />Scotland, and we have reason to regret that deposition in that church has<br />not hindered some form enjoying a benefice in this province. Besides<br />these, we have suffered much from others, who despairing of admission<br />into the ministry of their national church, through insufficiency far im-<br />morality, and being pressed with poverty and hunger, post up to London,<br />crying to the bishop, each on in the language of the generation of Eli,<br /><em>put me, I pray thee, into one of the priest’s offices, that I may eat a piece of<br />bread.</em> We are likewise in danger from another class of persons that re-<br />volt from that communion, who are captivated by good living and allured<br />by the superior secular advantages of the priesthood in our establishment.<br />They come from their native country over into this in the character of<br />private tutors, and by residing in gentlemens families, where they get<br />more meat at one meal than they used to do in half a year, and drink<br />more wine than in their whole lives before, grow fat, lazy, and proud,<br />and losing in point of religion and conscience, as they gain in flesh, apply<br />for holy orders in the church of England, that they may be at once perpe-<br />tuate their good face and get rid of the trouble of earning it. This is<br />not spoken from the least prejudice against a nation renowned for learning,<br />industry, and frugality, nor against a church that has been often applauded<br />for orthodoxy and purity, nor against converts to episcopacy from rational<br />conviction and the desire of doing good, who ought to be held in the<br />highest esteem, but from a regard to the interests of religion, and disdain<br />at those mercenary and voluptuous wretches <em>who fell their birthright for a<br />mess of pottage,</em> and become a burden to our society and a scandal to the<br />established church. If their lives may be a testimony in favour of my<br />allegations, I believe it might be shewn that the clergy from that quarter<br />are, and have been, by far the most worthless of any among us, the old<br />ones commonly turning out to be sots or misers, and the young ones paltry<br />coxcombs or ignorant clowns.</p>
<p>Let us now consider the clergy as possessed of the living and the care of<br />the people, and see what treatment is due to them: If they are zealous<br />and active in the duties of their function, preaching constantly and fer-<br />vently, visiting and watching over their flocks, practising and promoting<br />all public, domestic, and private duties; if they faithfully declare the<br />doctrines of christianity, and by example, exhortation, and reproof, en-<br />deavour to bring men to obey its precepts; if they shew themselves more<br />anxious about the salvation of sinners than the collection of their salaries,<br />and seem more ambitious of <em>adding to the church such as are to be saved</em><br />than of augmenting their worldly possessions and rising to worldly ho-<br />nours; if they give these proofs of their integrity and soundness in the<br />faith; no respect or encouragement can exceed their desert. But it is<br />needless to urge you to this; there is no danger of your being defective<br />in rewarding the meritorious. A faithful laborious minister, acquires<br />the greatest influence imaginable over his congregation, and is sure of<br />almost every favour he thinks fit to ask. This is so true that it may be<br />safely averred that the comfortable situation of unworthy clergymen in all<br />countries is owing, in great measure, to the zeal and merit of their pre-<br />decessors, who procured so much confidence, and were so much in the<br />affections of the laity, that they were indulged with powers and privileges<br />which descended, without their good qualities, to those that succeeded<br />them. No one, I fancy, can think it probable, if the legislature were<br />now to fix the maintenance of ministers, with their eyes on the present<br />set, that one fourth of what they now receive would be thought due to<br />them.</p>
<p>Leaving, therefore, those worthy divines, who are sure of having justice<br />done them, and cannot be treated with too much kindness and reverence,<br />let us turn to those of the opposite column, and see what they deserve at<br />your hands: It is too commonly thought that unfaithful clergymen are<br />entitle to esteem and respect from the sanctity of their office, and that<br />their faults should be overlooked to keep up the dignity and usefulness of<br />the priesthood. This is a mistaken and pernicious notion; the sacred<br />function is dishonoured by the ill conduct of those who occupy it, not by<br />the contempt and punishment of that ill conduct, and the dignity of the<br />priesthood can be preserved only by shewing such men to be unworthy of<br />it. If you have clergymen fixed upon you, who preach as seldom and as<br />short as they well can, <em>when they should be instant in season,</em> out of season,<br />who are shy of conversing on religious topics <em>when they should be examples<br />of believers in word and conversation,</em> who do not visit and inspect their<br />flock when <em>they should teach from house to house, and reprove, rebuke, and<br />exhort with all long suffering and doctrine, who</em> omit the orderly and pious<br />government of their families, and do not direct their parishioners to the<br />use of domestic duties, when <em>they should rule well their own houses,</em> and<br />ought <em>to pray for the families that call not on the name of God,</em> whilst they<br />abstain from the most gross immoralities; if they are chargeable with<br />these, or such like deficiencies, do they deserve the name of evangelical<br />pastors, or are they entitled to the favour and esteem of honest christians?<br />Do they not rather challenge your indignation and contempt? When they<br />thus disgrace the church they belong to, defraud the people of the in-<br />struction due to them, and disregard the vows they have made to God at<br />their assumption of holy orders, and the covenant they solemnly though<br />secretly formed with yourselves at their induction, when they betray so<br />much unfaithfulness, injustice, and impiety, are you not bound in duty<br />to your Maker, to your constituents, and to yourselves, to withhold<br />every discretionary advantage and emolument? Is it generous, is it just,<br />to levy unnecessary taxes on the people to gratify men who plainly shew<br />they care nothing for them; to buy new glebes, build and repair houses,<br />and run the people to other costs, for the ease and conveniency of un-<br />grateful men, who will grow more negligent as they grow more inde-<br />pendent, and more vicious or griping as they grow more wealthy?</p>
<p>I am persuaded that many of you, gentlemen, have been lavish in your<br />bounties to the clergy purely from a principle of liberality and humanity;<br />but it has been a mistaken or misapplied principle; it has been exercised<br />towards a few, to the detriment of many; towards a few who had no<br />claim to your favour, on the score of merit, to the detriment of many,<br />who have given up part of their property to be disposed of by you, and<br />entrusted you with the management of their most important concerns.<br />I would not insinuate that the clergy, because they neglect duty, have no<br />right to justice; but that the people have an equal right to it. And does<br />justice require that the clergy should have all the reward, when they per-<br />form but part of the labour? Or does it allow that the people should pay<br />the whole stipend, when they receive but part of the instruction? As the<br />purchasing, and building on glebes, is what lies most at your discretion,<br />in rewarding the clergy, you ought to manage that matter with all the<br />art and oeconomy possible, and with a steady regard to the interest of the<br />people; it should, like the last piece of gold in the purse, be husbanded<br />to the best advantage. So long as you have this in reserve, you will pro-<br />bably be treated by your incumbents with good manners, and civility, at<br />least; as gamesters are complaisant and courteous to those who have any<br />thing more to lost; but as soon as they have got the whole booty, flight<br />and laugh at the unfortunate. For your own sakes, then, I would advise<br />you never to put yourselves into such a state, that you have no favour to<br />bestow, or the minister has none to ask. You will take notice, I am<br />speaking all along of those clergymen who are deficient in the duties I<br />have specified. Such shew so little conscientiousness in the discharge of</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>their office, that no charity can oblige a man to think a principle of con-<br />science carried them into the ministry. It is too plain they were moved<br />by a prospect of the living; and therefore you must not expect to mend<br />them, or make them more conscientious, by feeding their lucrative ap-<br />petites. Indeed, it is hard to say what good end can be served by giving<br />fruitful glebes, and fine buildings to undeserving clergymen. If any of<br />you have one that is imperious and assuming, can you think you will<br />abate his pride by encreasing his independence? If you have one that is<br />sordid and covetous, do you imagine you will lessen his avarice by enlarging<br />his stock, and giving him greater means of enriching himself? If you<br />have one that is lazy, and likes not to turn out to attend his church,<br />and go among his parishioners to instruct them, is it to be supposed you will<br />make him more willing to go abroad by granting him such land, build-<br />ings, and conveniencies, as will render his situation more commodious<br />and comfortable at home? Besides these considerations, the interest of<br />the laity is to be carefully regarded. Prudence does not more forbid un-<br />necessary grants to idle clergymen that justice forbids unnecessary taxes on<br />the injured laity. It would seem, by the conduct of many of the clergy,<br />as if they thought, like some absolute monarchs, that their function was<br />instituted merely for the benefit and support of such persons as themselves,<br />and not for the good and happiness of the society they live upon. But I<br />hope, gentlemen, the more they neglect and undervalue the people, the<br />more tender you will be of their rights and possessions; and the more slow<br />they are to communicate instruction, the more solicious you will be to<br />keep back the reward.</p>
<p>The salaries settled by law, with the glebes and perquisites annexed,<br />were deemed both a genteel living, and competent reward, for worthy<br />men, who should perform all the duties, and answer all the purposes, the<br />legislature had in view when they were making provision for the clergy.<br />It was thought that the laity could well spare a part of their commodities<br />for the great benefits of a christian ministry, and that the clergy, thus dis-<br />entangled from the cares of the world, might <em>give themselves wholly</em>to<br />the proper business of their station; and if matters had so turned out, if<br />the laity had received all the services due to them, and if the clergy had<br />taken occasion, from their happy circumstances, to shake off worldly<br />concerns, and to employ all their time and abilities in serving <em>the flock<br />over which the Holy Ghost had made them overseers,</em>it would have been<br />reasonable and right they should have had their full allowance. But as<br />the clergy make so light of their obligations, and so pervert and misapply<br />their stipends, their time, and their talents, and as the laity are de-<br />prived of so great a share of the expected advantages, it may justly be<br />expected that you should give all the redress in your power to the suffer-<br />ers. I do not mean that you should break through the bounds of the<br />law, but that you should act so cautiously and scrupulously as to do the<br />most strict justice, and make all possible savings to the people. This<br />would be prudent and laudable if you acted only for yourselves; but when<br />you act for others, it is your indispensable duty. If your bestowing every<br />thing you legally can world be a <em>full</em> compensation to the clergy for the<br />performance of all their duties, I am sure it is not in your power to bring<br />down their emoluments so low as to make them no more than a <em>just</em><br />compensation for what they actually perform. If 16,000 pounds of to-<br />bacco, marriage and funeral-serman-fees, with the best glebe and<br />improvements in the colony, are an adequate satisfaction for the dis-<br />charge of every parochial duty, to what a mere pittance would strict<br />equity reduce the income of those who content themselves with barely<br />preaching a short sermon once a week?</p>
<p>After what has been said, may I not apply to those of you, who have<br />it now, or may hereafter have it, in contemplation, to purchase new,<br />or add to or repair, old glebes, with this reasonable entreaty, that you<br />would consider whether you have the concurrence and approbation of the<br />people, and whether the minister you now have acquits himself so faith-<br />fully as to deserve it. If these enquiries result in favour of your intenti-<br />ons, and to the honour of your pastor, I congratulate both you and him<br />on your mutual felicity. May you reward and revere him, and may it<br />provoke his gratitude, and encrease his usefulness. But if the sentiments<br />of the people, and the character of the incumbent, are found to militate<br />against such a measure, I must say, that honour and fidelity, reason,<br />conscience, and religion, forbid the prosecution of it, and that no con-<br />sideration whatever can justify you in giving away the property of the<br />people to support an unprofitable minister in indolence and ease. <em>Con-<br />sider what I have said, and the Lord give you understanding in all things.</em></p>
<p>I am, GENTLEMEN, your’s, &c.<br />A CATHOLIC CHRISTIAN.</p>
<p>LONDON, <em>July</em> I.</p>
<p>By the last vessels from Boston, in New England, very satisfactory<br />advices of the peaceable disposition of that long distracted town have<br />been received by the merchants here. The invoices that were thrown<br />aside immediately on the receipt of Hancock’s frantic oration have been<br />taken up again; goods are shipping, and several vessels will, in the space<br />of a few weeks, sail for Boston. Yet still it is thought that bills, to a<br />considerable amount, drawn by merchants in Boston on their correspond-<br />ents in London, will remain unanswered; for our men of business have<br />begun to be cautious how the advance money for people whose payments<br />are very precarious and insecure. It is also imagined, that if Boston<br />continues quiet, and passes the expected compensation bills, that the port<br />will not only be opened, but that thee will be no restriction laid on any<br />of the wharfs, as to shipping or landing of goods.</p>
<p>It is much reported that the Americans have at last come to a resolu-<br />tion of soliciting the assistance of some power, which is not yet known.<br />This report, it is said, has indeed very much embarrassed the premier,<br />who, it is thought, is now really in a wood, and does not know which<br />way to proceed.</p>
<p>The artificers of several of the dockyards, it is said, now work double<br />days, which looks as if lord North did not confide so much in French<br />protestations as the world says he does.</p>
<p>Early on Saturday morning a whole length etching of a first lord of the<br />treasury, suspended by a <em>cord de cou,</em> was found hanging to the knocker<br />of a certain house in <em>Downing Street,</em>with the following inscription:<br />”May such be the fate of all reformers of the religion of their country!”</p>
<p>A gentlemen wondering to Charles Fox, the other day, why lord<br />North was not afraid of going through such an unconstitutional measure<br />as the late Quebec bill, “You may depend on it, says the other, he has<br />got an <em>absolution</em> for it.”</p>
<p>Lord North being asked on day if he thought it now possible to re-<br />move the young cub’s inveteracy against the ministry, “O yes (replied<br />his lordship) a bolus made of gold and silver will as easily purge him of<br />that as a vomit will his foul stomach.”</p>
<p>The Algerines have a this time a dispute with the Dutch and Spa-<br />niards as well as our court. The latter have given orders for the Dutch<br />admiral to go down immediately with a proper force to demand an expli-<br />cit answer for their conduct.</p>
<p>The Olive, Cranley, from Sierraleone to Philadelphia, with 170<br />slaves on board, has been blown off the capes of Virginia in a hard gale<br />of wind, and obliged to bear away for Bermudas; but before she reached<br />the latter place, the ship unfortunately took fire by some accident, and<br />was burnt down to the water’s edge, when she sunk, and the captain,<br />together with the crew and slaves, were either drowned or perished in<br />the flames.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 2</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p>The late rains and fine weather have brought the grass so very forward<br />in the country that they are now in several places busy mowing, which is<br />sooner than has been known for many years past. It is almost incredible<br />what crops there are; therefore the monopolizers of hay last year now<br />begin to carry woful countenances, as they have overstood their markets,<br />it being generally thought that hay will be twenty shillings a ton lower<br />than it has been this last winter.</p>
<p>By a letter from a gentleman of veracity at Cadiz we are informed,<br />that after a council of war held at that place, orders were given for fit-<br />ting out ten ships of the line with the utmost expedition.</p>
<p>A letter from Amsterdam mentions, that the forces of Spain, accord-<br />ing to the list lately published, amount to 156,000 men; in former reigns<br />they did not exceed 80,000 men.</p>
<p>The Blundell, Dawson, of Liverpool, is lost on the bar of Bonny,<br />with 300 slaves.</p>
<p>We are informed that the service for the 5th of November is to be entirely<br />new modelled; that celebrated investigator of historical facts, Sir J. D.<br />having undertaken to prove that the horrid scheme, intended to have<br />been executed on that day, was not a catholic, but a protestant con-<br />trivance.</p>
<p><em>July</em> 4. Private letters from Boston give us rather an unfavourable ac-<br />count of the state of that town, in a mercantile view. The generality<br />of the faction have little trading intercourse with England, being mostly<br />composed of men who are engaged in smuggling companies, or mechanics;<br />yet there are some merchants among them, but these merchants are<br />mostly indebted in England, are violent party men, and attribute the<br />non-payment of their debts to the threepenny duty on tea, and to the<br />exercise of the just rights of the British legislature over them; therefore<br />the merchants who either will not, or cannot, make remittances, the<br />smugglers, the mechanics, and those who are fascinated with the extra-<br />vagant notion of independency, all join to counteract the majority of<br />the merchants, and the lovers of peace and good order. Seditious com-<br />mittees have been appointed, who have endeavoured to influence the <br />other colonies to shut up their ports, to ruin themselves, and to starve<br />the West Indies, in order to enable the herd of faction at Boston to con-<br />quer ungrateful England. In this extraordinary scheme, the unsuccess<br />of the Boston rebels has been adequate to the folly of the proposal. Some<br />of the other colonies have publicly declared that they will not enter into<br />any non-importation agreement with the people of Boston, because the<br />faction of that town had most infamously deceived them in a former<br />agreement of the same kind. What the Boston faction themselves have<br />published, concerning the colonies of Rhode Island and New Hampshire<br />joining in their frantic scheme, is partly true. These colonies have ver-<br />bally joined the Bostonians; but, if we can credit private letters from<br />Boston itself, it is not expected that those colonies will observe in prac-<br />tice what they have promised in writing; and there are also letters in<br />town, from merchants who constitute part of the faction (that is to say,<br />the honest and the misled part, whose eyes are now partly opened) and<br />they declare, amidst their asseverations of defending what they call their<br />rights and privileges, that they will take proper care not to be cheated<br />by their brother confederates, as they were in the last non-importation<br />agreement. From this intelligence we may readily conceive that no<br />consistent, permanent, or vigorous measures, will be adopted by the<br />Boston rebels; for where there exists a suspicion, in the minds of men<br />acting together, of a want of faith among themselves, or, to speak in<br />plainer terms, where one party of them expects to be cheated by the<br />other, in such an association, unanimity cannot long subsist, more espe-<br />cially as their confederacy is fundamentally wrong and unwarrantable; a<br />house built upon a fancy foundation, and divided against itself, cannot<br />stand. Such are the contents of many letters from Boston by the two<br />last vessels, and such advices have had a proper effect, or at least, it is<br />supposed, will have, on the merchants here, as several vessels, that were<br />expected to sail in a few weeks for the Massachusetts, will either be<br />obliged to remain here, or to sail in ballast. Private letters also menti-<br />on, that some owners of vessels have laid up their ships, on the supposition<br />that the English merchants will not ship any goods till the faction has<br />submitted, and till the blockade is withdrawn. Other letters hint, that<br />some who are called merchants have in contemplation a removal to the<br />banks of the Ohio and the Missisippi, as in such remote regions they will<br />have little chance of hearing from their friends in England. In general,<br />the private accounts bear the complexion of the writers; some, who wish<br />for the opening of the port, are nevertheless, well pleased that such an<br />effectual measure has been taken, as the most seditious now begin to feel<br />their own littleness, and have also drawn upon themselves the reproaches<br />of the more moderate; and as some of the heads of the faction have no<br />concerns in lawful trade, the majority of the merchants complain much<br />against them for involving the town in such distress. It is likewise said,<br />that if the act had been conditional, and if, upon their voting the com-<br />pensation for the tea, its operation would have been prevented, that the<br />money would have been instantly granted, for the real cause of all the<br />rebellious insolence committed at Boston was, the continued assurances<br />sent to Boston by their agent that Britain was too enfeebled, and admi-<br />nistration too timorous, for to take any spirited measures to repress them.<br />The fatal effects of listening to such insidious advices are now clearly seen<br />by every person possessed of common sense. The public accounts, which<br />the faction have published from their friends (as they mistakenly call<br />them) in London, give us the strongest evidence of the base falshoods<br />employed to mislead the ignorant people of Boston. Amongst these many<br />pages of falshoods, we shall only select one article, which is, “that when<br />the regiments were ordered to embark for Boston, many of the officers<br />resigned their commissions, refusing to be the instruments of oppression.”<br />This may serve as a specimen of the encouragement which the factious<br />miscreants here infuse into the Bostonians on purpose to seduce them.<br />Another piece of admirable advice given them, by some knave here, is,<br />”that as their port was to be blocked up, it would be wise in them not to<br />pay any of their debts to this country.” Thinking men now will not be<br />surprized that there have been the most unjustifiable commotions and in-<br />surrections in Boston, as they find that the peeple whom the Bostonians<br />confide in, and entrust with the management of their affairs here, have<br />written their correspondents the <em>well established truth</em> of the officers re-<br />signing their commissions, and also sent them the honest advice not to<br />pay their just debts!</p>
<p><em>July 7.</em> The captain of a ship arrived from Kirkwall, in the Orkneys,<br />brings an account, that on the 10th of last month upwards of 150 sail of<br />Dutch vessels rendezvoused in Braffa Sound, and from thence proceeded<br />on the herring fishery.</p>
<p>A correspondent says he wishes the framers and advisers of the Quebec<br />bill were obliged to walk from Whitechapel to Hyde Park Corner naked,<br />tarred, and feathered, if so <em>small</em> a punishment was equal to their crime;<br />and it must be droll, he says, to frame to one’s self the thane and Jef-<br />feries waling in procession among the <em>feathered race.</em></p>
<p>Plenty (says sir William Temple) begets wantonness and pride; wan-<br />tonness is apt to invent, and pride scorns to imitate. Liberty begets<br />stomach or heart, and stomach will not be constrained. Thus we come<br />to have more originals, and more that appear what they are; we have<br />more humour, because every man follows his own, and takes a pleasure,<br />perhaps a pride, to shew it. This pride and wantonness, resulting from<br />plenty, now reside only in high life.</p>
<p>What was said by the greatest writer of his time in the year 1692 may,<br />it is feared, bear an application to our own. There are no where so<br />many disputes upon religion, so many reasoners upon government, so<br />many refiners in politics, so many curious inquisitors, so many pretend-<br />ers to business, and state employments, greater porers upon books, nor<br />plodders after wealth, and yet, no where more abandoned libertines, more <br />refined luxurists, extravagant debauchees, conceited gallants, more dab-<br />blers in poetry, as well as in politics, philosophy, and chymistry.</p>
<p>A great foreign physicians called our country, almost a century ago, the<br />region of spleen. This may arise a good deal from the great uncertainty<br />and sudden changes of our weather in all seasons of the year; and how<br />much these affect the heads and hearts, especially of the finest tempers,<br />is hard to be believed by men whose thoughts are not turned to such<br />speculations. This makes us unequal in our humours, inconstant in our<br />passions, uncertain in our ends, and even in our desires.</p>
<p>A correspondent, who has the best intelligence from the colonies, as-<br />sures the publlic that the people there will most undoubtedly suppress all<br />trade which can in any shape have benefited this country. He remarks,<br />that this must go deeper towards destroying our national security, and<br />strike deeper at national credit, than any warlike declaration from France<br />or Spain could do; that with the aid of America we might bear our pre-<br />sent burthens, and many more; without them we must sink with a mill-<br />stone about our necks, even without a contention with any European<br />neighbour; nor can we hope the spirit of Choiseul will be at rest when<br />we give him so certain an opportunity to compleat our ruin.</p>
<p><em>July 9.</em>Friday se’nnight, at Boroughbridge fair, in Yorkshire, two<br />clothiers, from the West Riding, were prevailed on to make an exchange<br />with a sharper, or smuggler, by giving him cloth to the amount of ten<br />pounds, for which they were to receive three bags of tea and three half-<br />anchors of geneva; but how great was their mortification to find about<br />a quarter of a pound of tea, at the top of each bag, and underneath, chopped<br />hay, sand, and bran. Each of the half-anchors had a thin tube fixed within<br />the bunghole, which contained a sample of good geneva, of near a pint<br />in quantity, the rest pure element.</p>
<p>The late spirited resolutions of the Americans hath thrown the king<br />and minister into a dreadful quandary.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>A correspondent, in the Public Advertiser, addresses himself to Mr.<br />Grieve in the following manner, on account of his late attempt to be<br />sheriff of London: “And so, Mr. Grieve, you really had no other mo-<br />tive in the world for desiring to be sheriff but to relieve the modest livery<br />of London from the cruel tyranny of a wicked minister!<br />My good Mr. Grieve,<br />How could you conceive<br />That you could be shrieve?<br />Or can we believe<br />That you could relieve,<br />Except with good beeves,<br />Such a parcel of thieves!”</p>
<p>Yesterday lieutenant governor Robert Eden, esquire, governor of Ma-<br />ryland, who arrived from thence on Tuesday evening for a few weeks, in<br />order to take over his lady and family, waited on his majesty at the levee,<br />being introduced by the master of the ceremonies, and was very graciously<br />received.</p>
<p>As a proof that the king of Prussia is greatly in the interest of Great<br />Britain, it is positively said that a great sum of money has within these<br />few days been sent him from hence, in order to enable him to compleat<br />some scheme he has long been concerting, and that, if found necessary,<br />it will be followed by more.</p>
<p>The principal reason assigned for the king of Prussia’s professing him-<br />self a friend to England is, because we gave him no interruption in his<br />late proceedings in Poland, which, at one time, he very little expected<br />from us.</p>
<p>A rider to a wholesale tradesmen, lately arrived in town, says, that<br />in the several counties and corporate towns he has lately been in, ex-<br />ecuting his commissions in the course of this summer, he finds that tar<br />and feathers will bear a good price next spring, and be a good commodity;<br />as the inhabitants of the several corporate towns, where he has been<br />in the west, are determined to tar and feather every wight who voted for<br />the Quebec bill, if they presume to come and offer themselves as candi-<br />dates at the next general election, as a mark of their detestation, and<br />while they can do no more, they think to shew that it will, at least,<br />they say, prevent the number of macaroni gentry, who at present com-<br />pose the house, and who voted for it, to offer themselves, as the smell<br />of tar will be worse than death to their delicate constitutions.</p>
<p>On Saturday afternoon a countryman was inveigled into a public house<br />in Chancery Lane by two fellows, who pretended an acquaintance with<br />him, and said they would treat him with share of a pot of beer. While<br />they were drinking, one of them produced cards, and offered to cut for<br />a shilling, on which the countryman suspecting them, got up to go<br />away, but they insisted he should pay for the liquor, and on his refusal,<br />they began to threaten him; on which he gave them both a severe drub-<br />bing, and then left them to pay the reckoning.</p>
<p>Early on Sunday, the 26th of June, John Upson, of Woodbridge, in<br />the county of Suffolk, glover, who was committed to the castle for felony<br />a few days before, hanged himself in his own room with his garter. The<br />coroner’s inquest sat on the body, and brought in their verdict <em>non compas<br />mentis.</em> The following verses were found wrote in a prayer book lying<br />by him:<br />Farewell, vain world, I’ve had enough of thee,<br />And now am careless what thou say’st of me;<br />Thy smiles I court not, nor thy frowns I fear,<br />My cares are past, my heart lies easy here;<br />What faults they find in me take care to shun,<br />And look at home; enough is to be done.</p>
<p>A gentleman at Lambeth having repeatedly had his greenhouse robbed<br />of different plants, was resolved at last to find out the thief, for which<br />purpose he put a small man-trap against one of the windows, which he<br />supposed the rogue came in at, but to his great surprize, the next morn-<br />ing, he found his own son dead in it, being caught by the neck.</p>
<p>We are assured that the Active frigate, which arrived at Portsmouth<br />about 3 weeks ago from Boston, brought orders to several merchants in<br />Bristol for goods to a considerable amount; the principal people of that<br />place being sincerely disposed to continue on an amicable footing with<br />Great Britain, and using their utmost endeavours to keep the factious<br />rabble in order. Four of the ringleaders, it is said, are ordered to Eng-<br />land in irons. There is great reason to believe, therefore, that the port<br />will soon be opened, and that trade will again flourish in that quarter of<br />the world.</p>
<p>Tuesday morning a squeamish journeyman tailor, in the neighbour-<br />hood of Lincoln’s Inn Fields, for a trifling wager, eat seven buttered<br />roles, and drank one pennyworth of beer. He was allowed one hour to<br />do it in, but, like a true son of liberty, erected on his exalted throne, he<br />valiantly performed the arduous task, and became master of the roles in<br />exactly forty five minutes.</p>
<p>Famine in masquerade, behold thy portrait here,<br />Seven mighty butter’d roles, one pennyworth of beer,<br />Devour’d he, nor seem’d he yet to thrive,<br />Tho all cramm’d down in minutes forty five.<br />Amaz’d the standers by! Time cry’d, as ambling on,<br />Phantom, I dread thee, thou art famine’s son!</p>
<p>July 11. <em>The late affair at Plymouth, which ended so unfortunately, and<br />so contrary to expectation, having occasioned much discussion, and given rise to<br />a contrariety of opinion s upon the subject, it is thought proper to give a detail<br />of the transaction; the public may be assured that it comes form the best autho-<br />rity: Mr. Day (the sole projector of the scheme, and, as matters have<br />turned out, the unhappy sacrifice of his own ingenuity) employed his thoughts<br />for some years past in planning a method of sinking a vessel under water, with<br />a man in it, who should live therein for a certain time, and then, by his own<br />means only, bring himself up to the surface. After much study, he conceived<br />that his plan could be reduced into practice; he communicated his idea in the<br />part of the country where he lived, and had the most sanguine hopes of success.<br />He went so far as to try his project in the broads near Yarmouth; he fitted a<br />Norwich market-boat for his purpose, sunk himself 30 feet under water,<br />where he continued during the space of 24 hours, and executed his design to<br />his own entire satisfaction. Elate with this success, he then wanted to avail<br />himself of his invention. He conversed with his friends, perfectly convinced<br />that he had brought his undertaking to a certainty, but how to reap the ad-<br />vantage of it was the difficulty that remained. The person in whom he con-<br />fided suggested to him that if he acquainted the sporting gentlemen with the<br />discovery, and the certainty of the performance, considerable bets would take<br />place as soon as the project should be mentioned in company. The sporting<br />calendar was immediately looked into, and the name of Mr. Blake soon occurred.<br />That gentleman was fixed upon as the person to whom Mr. Day ought to ad-<br />dress himself; acordingly Mr. Blake, in the month of November last, re-<br />ceived the following letter:</em></p>
<p>SIR<br /><em>I found out an affair, by which means thousands may be won; it is of<br />a paradoxical nature, but can be performed with ease; therefore, sir, if you<br />chuse to be informed of it, and give me one hundred pounds out of every thou-<br />sand you shall win by it, I will very readily wait upon you and inform you<br />of it. I am myself but a poor mechanic, and not able to make any thing by it<br />myself without your assistance. Your’s, &c.</em> J. DAY.</p>
<p><em>Mr. Blake had no conception of Mr. Day’s design, nor was he sure that<br />the letter was serious. To clear the matter up, he returned for answer, that<br />if Mr. Day would come to town and explain himself, Mr. Blake would con-<br />sider of the proposal; if he approved of it, Mr. Day should have the re-<br />compence he desired, if, on the other hand, the plan should be rejected, Mr.<br />Blake would make him a present to defray the expences of his journey. In<br />a short time after Mr. Day came to town; Mr. Blake saw him, and desired<br />to know what secret he was possessed of: The man replied that he could sink<br />a ship one hundred yards deep in the sea, with himself in it, and remain<br />therein for the space of twenty four hours, without communication with any<br />thing above, and at the expiration of the time rise up again in the vessel. The<br />proposal, in all its parts, was new to Mr. Blake; he took down the particulars,<br />and after considering the matter, desired some kind of proof of the practicability:<br />The man added, that if Mr. Blake would furnish him with the materials ne-<br />cessary, he would give him ocular demonstration. A model of the vessel in<br />which he was to perform the experiment was then required, and in three or<br />four weeks accomplished, so as to give a perfect idea of the principle upon<br />which the scheme was to be executed, and indeed a very plausible promise of<br />success, not to Mr. Blake only, but many other gentlemen who were consulted<br />upon the occasion. The consequence was, that Mr. Blake, agreeably to the<br />man’s desire, advanced money for the construction of a vessel fit for the pur-<br />pose. Mr. Day, thus assisted, went to Plymouth with his model, and set the<br />men at the place to work upon it. The pressure of the water, at 100 feet<br />deep, was a circumstance of which Mr. Blake was advised, and touching<br />that article, he gave the strongest precautions to Mr. Day, telling him at any<br />expence to fortify the chamber in which he was to subsist against the weight<br />of such a body of water. Mr. Day set off in great spirits for Plymouth,<br />and seemed so confident, that Mr. Blake made a bet that the project would<br />succeed, reducing, however, the depth of water from one hundred yards to<br />one hundred feet, and the time from twenty four to twelve hours. By the<br />terms of the wager, the experiment was to be made within three months from<br />the date; but so much time was necessary for due preparation, that on the<br />appointed day things were not in readiness, and Mr. Blake lost the bet. In<br />some short time afterwards the vessel was finished, and Mr. Day still con-<br />tinued eager for the carrying of his plan into execution; he was uneasy at the<br />idea of dropping the scheme, and wished for an opportunity to convince Mr.<br />Blake that he could perform what he had undertaken; he writ from Plymouth<br />that every thing was in readiness, and should be executed the moment Mr.</em></p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p><em>Blake arrived. Induced by this promise, Mr. Blake set out for Plymouth:<br />Upon his arrival a trial was made in Catwater, where Mr Day lay during<br />the flow of the tide for six hours, and six more during the tide of ebb, con-<br />fined all the time in the room appropriated for his use. A day for the final<br />determination was then fixed, the vessel was towed to the place agreed upon,<br />Mr. Day provide himself with whatever he thought necessary, went into the<br />vessel, let the water into her, and with great composure retired to the room<br />constructed for him, and shut up the valve. The ship went gradually down,<br />in twenty two fathom water, at two o’clock on Tuesday in the afternoon, being<br />to return at two the next morning. He had three buoys, or messengers, which<br />he could send to the surface at option, to announce his situation below, but none<br />appearing, Mr. Blake, who was near at hand in a barge, began to entertain<br />some suspicion; he kept a strict look out, and at the time appointed neither the<br />buoys nor the vessel coming up, he applied to the Orpheus frigate, which lay<br />just off the barge for assistance. The captain, with the most ready benevolence,<br />supplied him with every thing in his power to sweep for the ship. Mr. Blake,<br />in this alarming situation, was not content with the help of the Orpheus only;<br />he made immediate application to lord Sandwich, who happened to be at Ply-<br />mouth, for further relief: His lordship, with great humanity, ordered a<br />number of hands from the dockyard, who went with the utmost alacrity and<br />tried every effort to regain the ship, bat unhappily without effect. Thus<br />ended this unfortunate affair. Mr. Blake had not experience enough to judge<br />of all possible contingencies, and has only now to lament the credulity with<br />which he listened to a projector fond of his own scheme, but certainly not<br />possessed of skill enough to guard against the variety of accidents to which he<br />was liable. The poor man has unfortunately shortened his days; he was not,<br />however tempted or influenced by any body; he confided in his own judgment,<br />and put his life to the hazard upon his own mistaken notions.</em></p>
<p>A letter from Paris, dated July 1, says: “As an instance of his ma-<br />jesty’s justice and care of his subjects, the following is related. As his<br />majesty was walking a few days ago in his gardens at Marli, he met some<br />poor women who had been weeding in the garden. The day being hot,<br />he was moved with compassion for these poor labourers, and asked them<br />how much they earned a day. The women, not knowing the king, an-<br />swered him, “Alas, sir, but six sols a day, and that, too, when the<br />price of bread is so very high.” The king, to whom it appeared very<br />suspicious, sent immediately for the head gardener, desiring to see how<br />much expence he was at in the course of the year. The expence was<br />brought in, when it was found that twenty sols per day was charged for<br />each labourer. Monster! said the king, how can you behave so cruelly<br />to your fellow creatures? And ordered him to be brought to justice before<br />the police.”</p>
<p>It is thought that the death of a late nobleman will occasion many<br />chancery suits, as the reversions which were granted by his children, on<br />his death, to several of the sons of Levi, are most of them subject to be<br />set aside in a court of equity.</p>
<p><em>July 12.</em> By a vessel just arrived in the river, from Lisbon, we learn<br />that the Portuguese troops are all in motion, and that 11 ships of war<br />were sitting out in the Tagus when she left that place.</p>
<p>Since the troops arrived in Boston, there have been great desertions<br />amongst the soldiery, which the Americans greatly encourage, being the<br />surest method to weaken us, and strengthen themselves.</p>
<p>Since the Quebec bill passed, our two august houses, by the accounts<br />received from Dover and Harwich, there are no less than 7000 Jesuits<br />arrived in this kingdom.</p>
<p>A CHARACTER by lord Chesterfield.———There is a man, whose<br />moral character, deep learning, and superior parts, I acknowledge, ad-<br />mire, and respect; but whom it is so impossible for me to love, that I<br />am almost in a fever whenever I am in his company. His figure (with-<br />out being deformed) seems made to disgrace or ridicule the common<br />structure of the human body. His legs and arms are never in the positi-<br />on, which, according to the situation of his body, they ought to be in;<br />but constantly employed in committing hostilities upon the graces. He<br />throws any where, but down his throat, whatever he means to drink<br />and only mangles what he means to carve. Inattentive to all the re-<br />gards of social life, he mis-tunes or mis-places every thing. He dis-<br />putes with heat, and indiscriminately. Mindless of the rank, character,<br />and situation, of those with whom he disputes, and absolutely ignorant<br />of the several gradations of familiarity or respect, he is exactly the same<br />to his superiors, his equals, and his inferiors, and therefore, by a ne-<br />cessary consequence, absurd to two of the three. Is it possible to love<br />such a man? No. The utmost I can do for him is to consider him as<br />a respectable Hottentot!</p>
<p>An address of a very singular nature is said to have been presented to a<br />great personage on Friday last, by a person of some eminence from the<br />other side of Tweed.</p>
<p>By authentic intelligence from the Cape of Good Hope, where one of<br />the ships are arrived which sailed with captain Cook to the South Ssas,<br />we are informed, that they explored in vain to the southward, in search<br />of a continent, and therefore bore up for New Zealand, where they had<br />landed, but had lost a lieutenant and two men, who by venturing too<br />far into the country, had been cut off by the Cannibals, and devoured;<br />that in consequence of this loss, they had dispatched a second boat, and<br />the whole crew were massacred, roasted, and eat, by the savages; the<br />next boat having only a miserable spectacle of their bones, after the in-<br />human repast. From thence they sailed to the Cape of Good Hope, and<br />speedily will pursue their voyage home. No very material circumstances<br />further passed in the course of their expedition.</p>
<p>Nothing, says a correspondent, but a speedy war, and change of mi-<br />nistry, can possibly save this country; for it is better, says he, to stand a<br />chance of war, plundering or being plundered by the enemy, as the fate<br />of war may happen, than of being plundered at home by a Scotch and<br />popish ministry, laughing, at the same time, as a weak and impotent<br />minority.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from a very respectable member of the</em> Virginia <em>assembly to<br />his correspondent in</em> London, <em>dated</em> Williamsburg, May 20.</p>
<p>”Infinite astonishment, and equal resentment, has seized every one<br />here, on account of the <em>war</em> sent to Boston. It is the universal deter-<br />mination to stop the exportation of tobacco, pitch, tar, lumber, &c. and<br />to stop all importation from Britain, while this act of <em>hostility</em> continues.<br />We every day expect an express from Boston, and it appears to me in-<br />contestibly certain that the above measures will be universally adopted.<br />We see, with concern, that this plan will be most extensively hurtful<br />to our fellow subjects in Britain; nor would be have adopted it if <em>Heaven</em><br />had left us any other way to secure our <em>liberty,</em> and prevent the total ruin<br />of ourselves and our posterity to endless ages. A wicked ministry must<br />answer for all the consequences. I hope the <em>wise</em> and <em>good</em> on your side<br />will pity and forgive us. The house is now pushing on the public busi-<br />ness for which we were called here at this time; but before we depart,<br />our measures will be settled and agreed on. The plan proposed is exten-<br />sive; it is wise, and I hope, under God, it will not fail of success.<br />America possesses <em>virtue</em> unknown and unfelt by the abominable sons of<br />corruption, who planned this <em>weak</em> and <em>wicked</em> enterprize.</p>
<p>July 13. <em>Letters from Lisbon, dated the 18th of June last, mention that<br />within a fortnight upwards of forty sail of ships from America, all laden<br />with corn, had arrived there, which they were in hopes would greatly lower<br />the markets.</em></p>
<p><em>In a private letter from Holland is the following passage: “From all the<br />manoeuvres of the king of Prussia, our politicians prognosticate, that the theatre<br />of war will be changed, that the war which is looked on to be extinguished<br />between the Russians and the porte will embroil other powers, and kindle ano-<br />ther war, which may possibly be more general and prove more fatal than the<br />present.</em></p>
<p><em>A few days since a cause was tried at Guidhall upon the strength and justice<br />of a policy of insurance upon the life of the last Mr. H———-, the member<br />for M———n. Among other evidence, a foreigner, who knew Mr. H———<br />abroad, was asked what he thought of his health: He answered he thought<br />him ver bad, going, going. Being asked more particularly as to his state a<br />month or three weeks previous, he replied he thought him quite dead. A<br />question was then put to him by the counsel to know if Mr. H——— eat heartily<br />of English roast beef: He said no, he chiefly lived on English soup. An<br />explanation being demanded, he said, “by English soup, I mean vat you call<br />ponch which Mr. H——— took in very great quantity.”</em></p>
<p>July 14. <em>A person at Paris is said to have a timepiece, which by the use<br />of a particular spring will go without winding up.</em></p>
<p><em>Two new French men of war of the line were launched at St. Maloes the<br />21st of the last month, five feet longer in keel than any ships of the same rate in<br />their navy, with an additional breadth of beam proportioned, in order to<br />carry a superior weight of metal.</em></p>
<p><em>They write from Jamaica that two Spanish men of war, one of 64 and<br />the other of 50 guns, together with a ship belonging to New England, are<br />lost in a gale of wind in the Gulph of Florida, and their crews perished.</em></p>
<p><em>It was on Wednesday night reported, at the west end of the town, that<br />orders were the same day sent from the admiralty for four sail of men of war<br />of the line and two frigates, to be fitted out immediately for the West<br />Indies.</em></p>
<p><em>What a strange opinion, says a correspondent, must foreign nations conceive<br />of the English from what they read in our public prints! At one time they<br />read that there are men so mad that they will suffer themselves to be bit by<br />vipers, and be viewed in all the agonies of death, another swallows stones as<br />big as swan’s eggs, a third eats a mess of boiling pitch and tar for the enter-<br />tainment of his curious countrymen, and what is still more strange, they read<br />that these wretches have had the honour of performing before the nobility and<br />gentry, to the astonishment and entertainment of all beholders; another paper</em></p>
</div>
<h5>Page3</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6>
<p><em>publishes dreams of a crazy boatman, who persuades himself he can sink a<br />vessel in a hundred feet water, and remain with her at the bottom of the sea<br />for 12 hours, and then rise with her to the top alive and merry, and the won-<br />der of the jockey club; the next paper informs the reader, the nobility, and<br />gentry, that is to say the catalogue in the sporting calendar, are divided about<br />the feasibility of the undertaking, that many thousands are laid on the success<br />of it, and the most knowing man in the calendar has expended fifteen hundred<br />pounds in building a wooden egg to enclose this addle-pated adventurer; in a<br />few days the censorious Frenchman reads an account of the vessel’s being sunk<br />with a man in it as merry as a chirping chicken just going to be hatched, that<br />hundreds waited with impatience for 24 hours in expectation of his rising again,<br />and the great spectator from the admirably, as well as the whole town of<br />Plymouth, were astonished that the project should miscarry!</em></p>
<p>Last summer as the late William Hawke, the highwayman, was riding<br />along the Kentish road, he met a likely woman, with whom, after some<br />conversation, he retired to an adjacent corn field, where they had not<br />long been before they were disturbed by the appearance of the avaricious<br />farmer, who, in a great rage, insisted on 5s. damage for their beating<br />down his corn: Hawke, after some hesitation, put his hand in his<br />pocket, and taking out a guinea, desired the latter to give him change,<br />when the farmer eagerly seized the guinea, and at the same time pulled<br />a bag out of his pockets, in which was upwards of 20£. in gold and silver,<br />which Hawke no sooner perceived than he presented a pistol, and after<br />robbing him of the whole sum, mounted his horse, and rode off with his<br />booty.</p>
<p>Saturday night a man in Oldstreet Road undertook to eat a shoulder of<br />lamb of five pounds, and five cauliflowers, for a wager of two guineas,<br />besides bets to the amount of more than forty pounds. The glutton won<br />his wager.</p>
<p>A plan is now in agitation for the better establishment and protection<br />of the trade on the African and Guiney coasts; and we hear a greater<br />naval force is intended in future to be kept in that quarter for that pur-<br />pose.</p>
<p>We hear that one of the vacant blue ribbands, and the lieutenancy of<br />a neighbouring kingdom, have been separately offered to two noble dukes,<br />who are near relations, which were both peremptorily refused, the first<br />with a loud observation “that his honour was not low enough to be bound<br />by a garter.”</p>
<p>It is said that a noble lord, lately deceased, two hours before his death,<br />called up his second son, and made it his last request that he would re-<br />nounce gaming, concluding with these words: “Permit a dying, affecti-<br />onate father, Charles, to advise you in this; in every thing else you are<br />very capable of advising yourself.”</p>
<p>A great personage assisted by some of the most eminent chiefs of the<br />law, is now absolutely making a revision of the penal laws of this king-<br />dom, which are to be laid before parliament at their next meeting.</p>
<p><em>July 15.</em> In our proceedings against the Americans we should consider<br />that arbitrary taxation is plunder, authorized by law, and the support<br />and essence of tyranny. To conceive what misery this right of taxation<br />is capable of producing in a provincial government, we need only recol-<br />lect, that our countrymen in India have, in the space of five or six years,<br />by virtue of this right, destroyed, starved, and driven away, more inha-<br />bitants from Bengal than are to be found at present in all our American<br />colonies. This is not exaggeration, but a plain, absolute matter of fact,<br />collected from the accounts sent over by governor Hastings.</p>
<p>It is lamented by every man capable of feeling for the honour of his<br />countrymen that a general emulation prevails among our young nobility<br />to violate morality, insult justice, oppress virtue, and degrade the cha-<br />racters of Britons.</p>
<p>On Sunday a dreadful fray began, and continued Monday and Tuesday,<br />between the English and Irish haymakers employed in the neighbourhood<br />of Hyde, Mill Hill, Hendon, and other places adjacent to the Edgward<br />road. The quarrel is said to have arisen from the circumstance of the<br />Irish working under the usual wages, and dangerously wounding an<br />English haymaker, which being resented by his countrymen, who assem-<br />bled in great numbers, unanimously drove the Irish every where before<br />them. Several on both sides have ben dangerously wounded, and a man,<br />woman, and child, are said to have lost their lives in the confusion.</p>
<p>BOSTON, <em>August 29.</em></p>
<p>The spirit of the people was never known to be so great since the<br />first settlement of the colonies as at this time. People in the<br />country, for hundreds of miles, are prepared and determined to DIE or<br />be FREE!</p>
<p>A letter from Brookfield, dated August 24, says: “This day met in<br />this town 26 commissioned officers, in colonel Murray’s regiment, under<br />their hands respectively,</p>
<p>WITH GREAT SECRECY, this morning, half after 4, about 260<br />troops embarked on board 13 boats at the long wharf, and proceeded up<br />Mystic river to Temple’s farm, where they landed, and went to the<br />powderhouse in Cambridge, whence, they have taken 250 half barrels of<br />powder (the whole store there) which is to be brought to Boston, and<br />deposited in the magazine here. A grand manoeuvre this! It is said they<br />have also seized the powder belonging to the town of Charlestown.</p>
<p>A fire broke out at Salem yesterday morning, about 2 o’clock, which<br />consumed 4 or 5 shops, occupied by coopers, a blacksmith, &c. together<br />with a large warehouse, belonging to captain George Dodge, containing<br />a quantity of molasses, about 500 bushels of corn, &c. a great part of<br />which were destroyed. Three valuable distil houses, besides other large<br />buildings, were in imminent danger, but by the vigilance of the inha-<br />bitants, with a supply of water, they were happily preserved.</p>
<p>Yesterday arrived at Marblehead captain Perkins, from Baltimore, with<br />3000 bushels of Indian corn, 20 barrels of rye meal, and 21 barrels of<br />bread, sent by the inhabitants of that place for the benefit of the poor of<br />Boston, together with 1000 bushels of corn from Annapolis sent in the<br />same vessel, and for the same benevolent purpose.</p>
<p>We learn from Worcester, that on Saturday morning last there assem-<br />bled on the common, in the town, 1500 people, and made choice of 5<br />of their number as a committee, viz. Messieurs Joseph Gilbert, John<br />Goulding, Edward Rawson, Thomas Dennie, and Joshua Biglow, to<br />wait on the honourable Timothy Paine, esquire, lately appointed coun-<br />cellor by mandamus from his majesty, to demand of him satisfaction to<br />the people for having qualified himself for said office; and having waited<br />on Mr. Paine accordingly, he asked them what satisfaction they wanted:<br />They answered, a total resignation of his office, and desired him to write<br />it. Upon which he withdrew, and in a few minutes retuned to them<br />with what he had wrote, which was a total resignation of his office, and<br />a promise never to sit again as councellor, unless agreeable to charter;<br />he then asked if that was satisfactory? They replied that he must wait<br />upon the people, which he thought unreasonable, after he had complied<br />with their demand; but they said it was in vain; unless he made his<br />personal appearance, the people would not be satisfied; and after their<br />promising to protect him from insult, he waited on them to the body of<br />the people, where Mr. Dennie’s resignation was read, with which num-<br />bers were dissatisfied, requiring that Mr. Paine should read it himself,<br />and that with his hat off. He then told the committee that he had<br />complied with all they required, on their promising him protection, and<br />that he then called upon them for it; but they gave him to understand<br />the people would not be satisfied till he complied with their demand,<br />which he did, and was then conducted near to his own house by the<br />committee, and dismissed. The people then drew off, those of each<br />town forming a company, and marched for Rutland, the town in which<br />the honourable John Murray, esquire (another new councellor) resides.<br />Our informant could give us no farther information how they proceeded.</p>
<p>A correspondent says the province will never rest while one man, who<br />has accepted any office under the sanction of the new acts of parliament,<br />is possessed of any one post of power or profit in the country, and until<br />every one of them, by great penitance, obtain forgiveness, or leave Ame-<br />rica, and until all your addressers to Hutchenson have, by humbling<br />themselves regained the good-will of the country, and the city of Boston<br />in particular, or else are removed off the continent.</p>
<p>A PROPOSAL from different parts of the country. It is proposed<br />that an estimate should be formed by indifferent people of the value of all<br />the real estates in Boston, that so if the estates in it should be sunk in<br />their value by the port bill’s continuing to be enforced, or should other-<br />wise be ruined by the rage of our common enemies, the country might<br />be able to form a judgment of the retribution that should be made to the<br />sufferers.———This does honour to the public virtue of our country.</p>
<p>We hear from Dartmouth, that when brigadier Ruggles passed through<br />that town last week, he was waited upon at colonel Toby’s, where he<br />put up, by a number of people, who desired him forthwith to depart,<br />which he promised he would do; but before he departed, they left marks<br />of resentment upon his horse, whose mane and tail they cut off, and<br />painted him in a curious manner.</p>
<p>SALEM, <em>August 26.</em></p>
<p>ON the 20th of this instant printed notifications were posted up in<br />this town, desiring the merchants, freeholders, and other inhabi-<br />tants, to meet at the townhouse chamber last Wednesday at 9 o’clock in<br />the morning, to appoint deputies to meet at Ipswich on the 6th of Sep-<br />tember next, with the deputies of the other towns in the county, to<br />consider of, and determine on, such measures as the late act of parlia-<br />ment, and our other grievances, render necessary and expedient. These</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 2</h6>
<p>notifications purported that it was the desire of the committee of corre-<br />spondence that the inhabitants should thus assemble. On Wednesday<br />morning, at 8 o’clock, the governor sent a request to the committee,<br />that they would meet him at 9 o’clock, telling them he had something<br />of importance to communicate to them. They waited upon him accord-<br />ingly, and were asked by him if they avowed those notifications: Being<br />answered, that it was known they were posted by order of the committee,<br />he then desired them to disperse the inhabitants, who being assembled<br />by them, they must abide all the consequences. It was answered, that<br />the habitants being met together, would do what they thought fit,<br />and that the committee could not oblige them to disperse. His excel-<br />lency declared it was an unlawful, seditious meeting. It was replied,<br />neither the committee nor the inhabitants supposed the meeting was con-<br />trary even to the act of parliament, much less to the laws of the pro-<br />vince. The governor returned, I am not going to conversation on the<br />matter; I came to execute the laws, not to dispute them, and I am<br />determined to execute them; if the people do not disperse, the sheriff<br />will go first; if he is disobeyed, and needs support, I will support him.<br />The governor had ordered troops to be in readiness; they prepared accord-<br />ingly, as if for battle, left their encampment, and marched to the en-<br />trance of the town, there halted and loaded, and then about 80 advanced<br />within an eighth of a mile from the town house; but before this move-<br />ment of the troops was known to the inhabitants, and while the com-<br />mittee were in conferrence with the governor, the whole business of the<br />meeting was transacted, being merely to chuse delegates for the county<br />meeting. After the meeting was over, news came that the troops were <br />on the march; but they were now ordered to return to the camp.<br />Yesterday Peter Frye, esquire (by express orders from the governor, as<br />he declared to the committee) issued a warrant for arresting the com-<br />mittee of correspondence, for unlawfully and seditiously causing the people<br />to assemble by that notification, without leave from the governor, in<br />open contempt of the laws, against the peace, and the statute in that<br />case made and provided. Two of the committee, who were first arrest-<br />ed, recognized, each in one hundred pounds, without sureties, to appear<br />at the next superior court at Salem, to answer to the above mentioned<br />charge. The rest of the committee, who were arrested some time after,<br />have refused to recognize.</p>
<p>NEW YORK, <em>September 5.</em></p>
<p>EARLY on Monday morning last JOHN JAY, esquire (without the<br />inhabitants being apprized of his departure) set out from this city,<br />to attend the congress at Philadelphia; and on Thursday the 1st instant<br />the other four delegates took their departure for the like laudable purpose.</p>
<p>ISAAC LOW, esquire, being under the necessity of going by way of<br />Powles Hook, was escorted to the Ferry Stairs by a considerable number<br />of respectable inhabitants, with colours flying, music playing, and loud<br />huzzas at the end of each street. When they got down to the river, he,<br />in a very polite manner, took leave of the inhabitants, six of whom<br />accompanied him and his lady over, with music, playing <em>God save the<br />King.</em> The inhabitants then returned to the coffeehouse, in order to<br />testify the like respect to the other three gentlemen viz. JAMES<br />DUANE, PHILIP LIVINGSTON, and JOHN ALSOP, esquires.<br />About half past nine the procession began, and was conducted in like<br />manner as above. When they arrived at the Royal Exchange (at which<br />place they embarked) James Duane, esquire, in a very affectionate and<br />moving manner, thanked the worthy inhabitants for the honour they<br />had conferred upon them, declaring for his own part, and he had it in<br />command from the whole of his brother delegates, to acquaint them that<br />nothing in their power should be wanting to relieve this once happy, but<br />now aggrieved country. When the gentlemen got under way, they were<br />saluted by several pieces of cannon, mounted on this joyous occasion,<br />which was answered by a greater number from St. George’s ferry; these<br />testimonials, and three huzzas, bid them go and proclaim to all nations,<br />that they, and the virtuous people they represent, <em>dare defend their rights<br />as</em> PROTESTANT ENGLISHMEN! After the gentlemen had got a<br />little distance from town, a considerable number went to St. George’s<br />Ferry, to celebrate their departure, dating the salvation of the colonies<br />from that hour; well knowing in whom they have placed the <em>greatest<br />confidence</em> that ever men were entrusted with. There were many loyal,<br />constitutional, and spirited toasts drank, sealed with frequent discharges<br />of cannon, and attended with this declaration, <em>that each and every of<br />them solemnly avowed they would support at the risk of every thing sacred<br />and dear, such resolutions as our delegates, in conjunction with those worthy<br />gentlemen of the other colonies, should think necessary to adopt for the good of<br />the common cause.</em> The day was concluded with, <em>God save the King.</em></p>
<p><em>September 8.</em> We learn from Morris county, in New Jersey, that a<br />farmer in that neighbourhood lately voided a worm that measured 21<br />feet, and that it was supposed it had not all come away.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from</em> East Haddam, <em>dated</em> September 5.<br />GENTLEMEN,<br />”We have just now received intelligence, by the return of an express,<br />which was sent on purpose, who informs us that he met several compa-<br />nies returning, but he still proceeded as far as Lebanon, where he saw<br />and received certain intelligence from governor Trumbull’s sons, who<br />went from here, and marched as far as Pomfret, where they had the<br />pleasure to find that the alarm of an engagement having happened was<br />premature. We rejoice with you, and the rest of your brethren, on<br />this joyful occasion. HUMPHREY LYON, for self,<br />and the committee of correspondence.</p>
<p><em>To captain James Hazelton, and the rest of the inhabitants of the town of</em><br />HADDAM.<br />Yesterday, by a gentleman just arrived from Boston, we received the<br />following intelligence in a printed hand bill.</p>
<p>The following is a copy of a LETTER said to be wrote by general<br />Brattle to the commander in chief, viz.<br />CAMBRIDGE, <em>August</em> 26, 1774.<br />”MR. Brattle presents his duty to his excellency governor Gage; he<br />apprehends it is his duty to acquaint his excellency from time to time of<br />every thing he hears and knows to be true and is of importance in these<br />troublesome times, which is the apology Mr. Brattle makes for troubling<br />the general with this letter. Captain Minot, of Concord, a very worthy<br />man, this minute informed Mr. Brattle that there had been repeatedly<br />made pressing applications to him to warn his company to meet at one<br />minute’s warning, equipped with arms and ammunition, according to<br />law; he had constantly denied them, adding, if he did not gratify them<br />he should be constrained to quit his farms and town. Mr. Brattle told<br />him he had better do that than lose his life and be hanged for a rebel.<br />He observed that many captains had done it, though not in the regiment<br />to which he belongs, which was and is under colonel Elisha Jones, but<br />in a neighbouring regiment.</p>
<p>Mr. Brattle begs leave humbly to quere, whether that it would not<br />be best that there should not be one commission officer of the militia in<br />the province.</p>
<p>This morning the select men of Medford came and received their town<br />stock of powder, which was in the arsenal on Quarry Hill, so that there<br />is now therein the king’s powder only, which shall remain there as a<br />sacred depositum till ordered out by the captain general.</p>
<p>To his excellency general Gage, &c. &c.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from</em> Boston, <em>dated</em> September 2.<br />”In consequence of the foregoing letter a party of 250 regulars set out<br />early yesterday morning to secure and bring away the powder alluded to,<br />which was effected without loss or damage. At the same time a party of<br />30 are said to have seized two field pieces belonging to the Cambridge re-<br />giment of militia. The report of this manoeuvre, exaggerated no doubt<br />in the country, brought this morning, on Cambridge common, at least<br />3000 people from different parts of the country, in order to learn the<br />truth of the matter. They were unarmed, and demanded the public<br />resignation of two counsellors, inhabitants of Cambridge, which was<br />complied with; and after chusing several persons to stop the great num-<br />bers coming in from the distant parts, said to be many thousands, and<br />being satisfied that the governor had seized only the king’s powder, they<br />peaceably dispersed. You cannot conceive what an uneasy day we have<br />had, from the different reports circulated in this town, some of which<br />were of the most alarming nature, and by credulous people easily swallow-<br />ed. But I can find nothing new, unless it be the strengthening the<br />guards at the entrance of the town. It is said the governor is deter-<br />mined not to risk any troops in the country till he is reinforced, being<br />apprehensive of their loss from the amazing number and fury of our<br />people, who are all provided with arms and ammunition, &c.”</p>
<p>We learn from the Boston papers that the gentlemen summoned to<br />serve on the grand and petty juries under the parliamentary establishment<br />have unanimously refused to be sworn, and that after many difficulties,<br />the court received, read, and returned to them, the papers which they<br />had brought and signed, containing the reasons of their refusal, grounded<br />on the impeachment of the chief justice by the assembly of this province,<br />and the act of parliament for the dissolution of their charter.</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from</em> London, <em>dated</em> July 16.<br />”I received your’s, and it afforded me great satisfaction to hear that<br />you are so well determined in all the colonies; but a report prevails in<br />London that New York will not assist Boston, for they consider them as<br />a set of refractory rebels, &c. The lord mayor, high sheriff, and com-<br />mon council, have done all in their power to save themselves and you,<br />but their only hopes are now that you will save them by preserving your-</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>selves. As the honour and safety of all America are at stake, I hope in<br />God that you may act with fidelity to each other, by which means you will<br />convince the world that you are worthy the privileges you enjoy. America<br />seems to be the only place where public honesty and public virtue are to be<br />found on earth; all other places are sunk into a state of abject destress<br />and bondage. The very thoughts of your congress alarm your enemies<br />more than every thing else. It is expected that they will remonstrate<br />against the Canada bill, &c. Captain B———— wrote a letter to his<br />friend in London that has alarmed them considerably. The king has seen<br />it; and it is intended to buy him off. They hope to silence every body<br />of any influence by such vile means; but I trust they will be disap-<br />pointed.”</p>
<p>PHILADELPHIA, <em>September 12.</em></p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from a very respectable character in</em> London <em>to a gentle-<br />man in this city, dated</em> July 5, 1774.<br />THE present state of political affairs furnishes nothing less disagree-<br />able than my last informed. The Quebec bill, we apprehend,<br />will produce the most distressing jealousies among the protestant inhabi-<br />tants of that country, and, indeed, of all America. With us the<br />staunchest friends to the Hanoverian succession have not scrupled publicly<br />to pronounce it the most daring stretch of the prerogative of the crown,<br />and the most sinful violation of the rights of a free people, that the an-<br />nals of Britain, or any other nation in the world, register! Enclosed<br />you have the address and petition of the lord mayor, aldermen, and com-<br />mons, of this city, to his majesty, which is considered one of the grandest<br />and most spirited addresses ever handed to a throne, insomuch that many<br />hundreds of them, elegantly framed and glazed have been purchased as<br />household pictures by the nobility, gentry, &c. to transmit to future ages<br />the virtuous sincerity, and honest boldness, of so respectable a body of<br />men. The coin of prophecies is now become current here, and we have<br />too much reason to fear that some presage, of dreadful import, will, ere<br />long be realized. Very much, all, indeed, depend on the hardihood<br />and public virtue of the Americans. If the brave Bostonians maintain<br />theirs, at this trying juncture, all will be well; for <em>their conduct</em> will<br />furnish a criterion whereby to regulate government here, in a judgment<br />of the success of the iniquitous measures they purpose adopting through-<br />out America. It is strongly imagined that many presses, I mean printing<br />presses, in the colonies, are at present fettered by <em>golden chains,</em> sent over<br />by the ministry for that purpose. One or two to the northward of you<br />have been publicly mentioned; but as a little time must discover the truth<br />or falsity of this suspicion, I shall forbear entering into particulars. The<br />public prints from your city, as well as those from Virginia, are in<br />admired request with all ranks of people, except the tools of despotism;<br />but should the ministry succeed in the enterprizes they have already under-<br />taken, with respect to the colonies, you will assuredly be robbed of that<br />darling privilege, the freedom of the press; for effecting which, a scheme,<br />I am well informed, is now agitating in cabinet, upon a new plan, lately<br />hatched by a certain lord, whose name is always opposite to the sun in<br />its meridian, and who has publicly declared that he is determined strenu-<br />ously to oppose the meridian of your glory in the western world.”</p>
<p><em>Extract of another letter from</em> London.<br />”As to news, we are daily execting it from your side the water. The<br />measures pursued here make every friend of liberty tremble; for what<br />has been done with regard to the colonies is only a specimen of what pro-<br />bably will be enforced at <em>home,</em> and, indeed, there have been too many<br />similar instances. It is truly astonishing that the nobility and gentry of<br />England should concur in them as they have done. The setting aside<br />antient establishments and charters, which were held sacred, taxing and<br />levying subsidies, forcing money from the pockets of a people without<br />their consent, authorizing the civil or French laws and trials without<br />jury, judgment resting wholly in the capricious breast of the judge, the<br />creature of the tyrant, robing men of the <em>personal</em> rights by taking<br />away the <em>habeus corpus,</em> fitting their consciences by establishing a priestly<br />popish religion, giving the whole nomination, choices, rule, management,<br />and power, into the arbitrary, despotic hands, of the crown, could never<br />have been conceived, and ought never to have been established by Eng-<br />lishmen. See the influences of offices, places, and pensions! How totally<br />dependent on the crown are those who ought to be the guardians of the<br />peoples liberties! I cannot omit saying, that however violent and abusive<br />some may be against the Americans, you find there are others who think<br />differently. The Bostonians, and the whole colony of the Massachusetts<br />Bay, are cruelly used, deprived of their natural rights and liberties. The<br />revenue to be established is only a provision for myrmidons, placemen,<br />and pensioners, despotically disposed of among tools and dependents, as<br /><em>here</em> where continual steps advance, and encrease the power of the ministry,<br />and influence of the crown and prerogative. Witness what is done in<br />Iceland with their stamp act; our East India company also, which is now<br />wholly under the thumb of administration, their charter broke in upon;<br />witness the refusal of the reasonable request of the petitioning clergy,<br />and continuing the cruel, unjust penal laws, against the dissenters; West-<br />minster special jurors under undue influence in all crown causes; for every<br />independent man will endeavour to edge off, and get himself excused if<br />possible, to prevent being shut up with a majority of determined courtiers,<br />inflexible biassed on the crown side. Thus the edges of our liberty are<br />paring away, and the foundations sapping, and we are going the way of<br />other nations.</p>
<p>”The independent man, who is at ease, quietly enjoying the repose<br />his circumstances entitle him to, cannot but be apprehensive of danger,<br />when such measures are perpetrated; he cannot help fearing that the<br />lawless power of court and time serving parasites should overbear and<br />oppress him by inequitable and unjust laws and arbitrary mandates, whilst<br />the cruel hand of military force despoil and rob him both of his property<br />and his freedom; see the recent instances of Sweden, Poland, Dantzick,<br />&c. May a noble and generous courage inspire the friends of liberty,<br />in support of the natural rights of mankind, as well here as with you!”</p>
<p><em>Extract of a letter from</em> New York, <em>dated</em> September 7.<br />”Captain Webster is just now arrived from Newport. With him came<br />passenger a gentleman from Boston, which place he left on Saturday last,<br />and declares that every thing was peaceable and quiet.”</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG.<br />FRIDAY, <em>September 23.</em><br />THE northern post, who arrived this afternoon, has brought nothing<br />material more than what we before received by a private hand,<br />which we have given our readers pretty fully. Lord Chatham’s speech is<br />at last published, and, as we before suggested, he has proved himself still<br />that able and earnest advocate for the rights of America which he formerly<br />did, notwithstanding the <em>paltry insinuations</em> of a few, who would injure<br />the most perfect character under Heaven to answer a private end.</p>
<p>The Peter, captain Land, in seven weeks from Glasgow, in arrived in<br />James river.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>at the seat of the late Mrs.</em> Tate, <em>in</em> Jockey’s Neck,, <em>on</em><br />Thursday <em>the 29th of</em> September,<br />ALL the HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, with the<br />stock of CATTLE, HORSES, HOGS, and SHEEP. The<br />houshold furniture consists of valuable beds well furnished, neat chairs,<br />tables, and desks, with many other articles too tedious to mention.<br />There are among the cattle several yoke of work steers, and many extra-<br />ordinary milch cow. Also will be sold, at the same time, a CHARIOT.<br />Credit will be allowed till the 25th of <em>April</em> 1775, for all sums above<br />twenty shillings, on giving bond, with approved security; all debts that<br />are not discharged at the above mentioned time, to carry interest from the<br />date of the bonds. The sale will begin at 10 o’clock in the morning.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, <em>September</em> 13, 1774.<br />I DO hereby give notice that the partnership of <em>Hargraves</em> and <em>Orange</em><br />is dissolved by mutual agreement, Mr. <em>Hargraves</em> having purchased<br />my part of the stock, and has taken the whole on himself. Those who<br />have any demands against the said concern are desired to apply to Mr.<br /><em>Hargraves.</em> (3) WILLIAM ORANGE.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, lying on <em>Byrd Creek,</em> in <em>Goochland</em><br />county, on <em>Saturday</em> the 9th of <em>July,</em> SAMUEL GREGORY,<br />alias NAILING, an apprentice, about 18 years of age, swarthy com-<br />plexion, thin visage, grey eyes, a down, inoffensive look, shews his teeth<br />much when he laughs, his short sandy coloured hair, round shouldered,<br />and stoops in his walk; had on an oznabrig shirt and trowsers. I have<br />been credibly informed he sent to <em>Loudoun</em> county, or some of the coun-<br />ties adjacent. I expect he will employ himself in the carpenter’s busi-<br />ness, as he has been in that branch for 3 years past. Whoever brings<br />him to me shall have FIVE POUNDS.<br />t f TURNER ANDER SON</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, living in <em>Nansemond</em> county, near<br /><em>Suffolk</em> town, a negro woman named MILLA, who has been absent<br />ever since the year 1768; she has a scar upon the back part of each of<br />her hands, near her little fingers, and another on the top of one of her<br />feet, is about 4 feet 6 inches high, and about 20 years old. I am told<br />she has been in <em>Norfolk;</em> and I am also informed that at the house of Mr.<br /><em>Thomas Husk,</em> between <em>Rappahannock</em> and <em>Potowmack</em> rivers, there is a<br />wench that calls herself free <em>Milla,</em> who may probably be the same.<br />TEN POUNDS will be given to the person who will bring her to<br />JOHN HARRISON, junior.</p>
</div>
<h5>Page 4</h5>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 1</h6</h6>
<p>TAKEN up, in Southampton, a black horse, about 4 feet 4 inches<br />high, near 12 years old, branded on the near buttock in the form of<br />a heart, and has the scar of a fistula. Posted, and appraised to SIX<br />POUNDS.<br />LUCY TAYLOR.</p>
<p>THERE is remaining in <em>Byrd’s</em> warehouse, <em>Henrico</em> county, a<br />hogshead of TOBACCO, marked M W G, No. I, weighing<br />912 gross, 107 tare, 805 neat. The owner’s name is not known. It<br />was inspected <em>July 1,</em> in the year 1771, and will be sold according to<br />law, if no owner claims it within the limited time.<br />4 SAMUEL and ROBERT PRICE.</p>
<p>ALL persons are hereby forewarned from HAWKING or FOWLING<br />upon <em>Martin’s Swamp,</em> in <em>Chesterfield</em> county; as also from FISH-<br />ING therein. 5 RICHARD RANDOLPH.</p>
<p>RUN away from the subscriber, about the 20th of <em>April</em> last, a mu-<br />latto fellow named PETER BROWN, a painter by trade, but can<br />do carpenter’s work; he is 35 or 40 years of age, of a dark complexion,<br />5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, slim made, has a thin visage, several of his<br />upper foreteeth are out, is fond of singing, which he can do very well,<br />and is a remarkable fine whistler. The said fellow has several suits of<br />cloaths, therefore I cannot describe his dress. He was some years past<br />tried for a robbery, but obtained the governor’s pardon, on suffering one<br />year’s imprisonment; after that he was sold to Mr. <em>John Fox,</em> of <em>Glon-<br />cester, with whom he lived one or two years; he then run away, and<br />passed for a free man in the counties of <em>King William, Caroline, </em> and <em>Ha-<br />nover,</em> where he was taken up and brought home. As he has a wife at<br />Mr. <em>Benjamin Hubbard</em>’s, it is likely he may be lurking in that neigh-<br />bourhood; and as he was raised in <em>Petersburg,</em> it is probable he may be<br />about there. Whoever will take up the said runaway, and deliver him<br />to me, at <em>Osborne’</em>s, shall receive FORTY SHILLINGS reward. All<br />persons are forbid harbouring or carrying him out of the colony.<br />PETERFIELD TRENT.</em></p>
<p>STAYED from the subscriber, the 10th of <em>May</em> last, a dark bay mare,<br />about 4 feet 6 inches high, not branded, has a mealy nose, thick<br />mane, and long switch tail, strong made, has good courage, paces, trots,<br />and gallops. THIRTY SHILLINGS will be given to any person that<br />will deliver her to the subscriber, in <em>King & Queen,</em> or to Mr. <em>David<br />Anderson,</em> junior, merchant in <em>Louisa,</em> where she was bred.<br />3 MATTHEW ANDERSON, junior.</p>
<p>COMMITTED to <em>Spotsylvania</em> gaol a negro man, about 30 years of<br />age, named MOSES, says he is a free man, and that he served part<br />of his time with one <em>John Arnold,</em> in <em>Hanover</em> county, against whom he<br />commenced suit for his freedom, but before it was determined, he was<br />attached by <em>Garland Anderson</em> and <em>Samuel Temple,</em> of the same county,<br />and then made his elopement from them. Any person proving his pro-<br />perty, and paying charges, may have him, otherwise I shall proceed as<br />the law directs. JACOB WHITLER, gaoler.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in <em>Chesterfield,</em> a bay mare, about 10 years old, 4 feet 5<br />inches high, a large star in her forehead, and has a white streak<br />leading towards her nose, two of her feet white, has some saddle spots,<br />and branded on the near buttock I C. Posted, and appraised to 8£.<br />WILLIAM AKIN.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, in Spotsylvania, a black steer, with two crops and an<br />underkeel in the right ear, and a hole in the left. Posted, and ap-<br />praised to 1 £. 15s. () MARY PENN.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, <em>September</em> 6, 1774.<br />I BEG leave to inform the public, and particularly those gentlemen<br />who were pleased to take my subscription papers to their respective<br />counties, to raise a small sum of money for the encouragement of making<br />SALT, that after viewing many places on this and the other side of the<br />bay, and on the sea coast of the <em>Eastern Shore,</em> I have now fixed on a<br />convenient spot, on that coast, for erecting proper works; and as nothing<br />more can be done on my part without money, I must beg the favour of<br />them to forward such sums, as they may be able to collect, to <em>Robert<br />Carter Nicholas,</em> esquire, who is so kind as to take the trouble of receiving<br />and paying the money out to me. Proper security shall be lodged in his<br />hands for any sum that I may draw. The certainty of being able to make<br />salt as good as any whatever is hardly to be doubted, from the several<br />experiments which I have made, and which are pretty fully certified by<br />gentlemen of veracity, whose certificates will be lodged in the hands of<br />Mr. <em>Nicholas.</em> The gentlemen will readily see the necessity I am under<br />of requesting speedy assistance, when I inform them that I have for some<br />time past devoted my whole attention to this business, and given over<br />every pursuit from whence my family might have derived any advantage,<br />and that, in order to put the works in as great a forwardness as it was in<br />my power, I have incurred a considerable expence, and been obliged to<br />contract for some of the necessary materials.<br />JAMES TAIT.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, <em>September</em> 6, 1774.<br />MR. TAIT having produced to me a sample of salt made on the<br /><em>Eastern Shore,</em> together with a certificate of a gentleman of un-<br />questionable credit, I have no doubt, with proper encouragement, of his<br />succeeding in his proposed scheme, from which it seems highly probable<br />that this country will reap the greatest advantage: I shall, therefore,<br />most chearfully comply with his request, and take great pleasure in con-<br />tributing every thing in my power towards carrying it into execution.<br />RO. C. NICHOLAS.</p>
<p>WILLIAMSBURG, <em>September</em> 2, 1774.<br />THE subscriber, who is immediately going for <em>England,</em> desires all<br />persons indebted to him, by bond or otherwise, to pay what they<br />owe to Mr. <em>Robert Prentis,</em> of this city, who is properly empowered as<br />attorney for (3) GEORGE PITT.</p>
<p>TAKEN up, near <em>Occoquon,</em> in <em>Fairfax,</em> a bay mare colt, about 3 or<br />4 years old, about 13 hands high, trots and paces, and has neither<br />mark or brand. Posted, and appraised to 8 £. 10 s.<br />GILBERT ROWLAND.</p>
<p>THE subscriber has now for sale, at the falls called <em>Ellison</em>’s, or at<br /><em>Warwick,</em> on <em>James</em> river, a large quantity of PIT COAL, very<br />fine either for grates or smiths work, and shall be glad to supply any per-<br />son, at either place, at the usual prices, which are 10d. per bushel at<br /><em>Warwick,</em> and 6d. at the pits, ready cash; however, a few months cre-<br />dit will make but little difference, provided good merchants notes are<br />given, punctually to be settled at the time agreed on. Those gentlemen<br />from below, who may favour me with their orders, are desired to lodge<br />them with Mr. <em>Daniel Weisiger,</em> who lives at the spot, and, as formerly,<br />will be punctual in complying with them.<br />3 FRANCIS SMITH, junior.</p>
<p>WARWICK, <em>September</em> 1, 1774.<br />THE store here, of late kept by me on account of Messieurs <em>Dreg-<br />born, Murdock,</em> and company, of <em>Glasgow,</em> is now in the charge<br />of my brother <em>David Leitch,</em>and the said company’s store in <em>Prince Ed-<br />ward</em> county, hitherto managed by Mr. <em>Henry Benskin Lightfoot,</em> is under<br />the direction of Mr. <em>John Graham.</em,> The business of the stores will, on<br />the same account, be prosecuted so far to their usual extent as the situ-<br />ation of public affairs will admit. The debts due to this store I continue<br />to collect, and those contracted with Mr. <em>Lightfoot</em> will remain with<br />him for the some purpose. It will be deemed obliging in those whose<br />accounts are open, and inconvenient to discharge, immediately to close<br />them by bond, or such specialty as may be approved of.<br />(3) JOHN LEITCH.</em></p>
<p>JAMES HALDANE,<br />COPPERSMITH AND BRASSFOUNDER,<br /><em>in</em> CHURCH STREET, <em>near the</em> CHURCH, NORFOLK,<br />CONTINUES TO CARRY ON HIS BUSINESS AS USUAL,<br />MAKES and sells all sorts of COPPER WORK, viz. stills,<br />brewing coppers, sugar boilers, fullers and hatters coppers, brass<br />mill work, capuchin plate warmers, tea kitchins, all sorts of ship, fish,<br />and wash kettles, stew pans, <em>Dutch</em> ovens, tea kettles, sauce pans, coffee<br />and chocolate pots, &c. at the most reasonable rates. He gives the best<br />prices for old copper, brass, pewter, or lead.<br />*<sup>*</sup>* Those who are so obliging as to favour m e with their employ in<br />the mending or tinning old work, may depend on having them soon<br />done, and in the neatest and compleatest manner.</p>
<p><em>To be</em> SOLD, <em>to the highest bidder, on</em> Thursday <em>the 29th of</em> September,<br /><em>if fair, otherwise the next fair day, on the premises,<br />A VALUABLE TRACT of LAND in the lower end of <em>Bgunswick</em><br />county at <em>Taylor</em>’s bridge, containing by estimation 8 or 900 acres,<br />but which shall be surveyed before the day of sale, and the exact quantity<br />ascertained. There are 4 or 500 acres of this tract fine rich low grounds<br />on <em>Meherrin</em> river, and exceedingly well adapted for <em>Indian</em> corn, wheat,<br />or tobacco, as also for raising of hogs, there having been considerable<br />quantities of pork sold from this plantation for several years past. It<br />has plenty of timber upon it, with land enough cleared to work 10 or<br />12 hands, and is convenient to church and mill. One half the purchase<br />money to be paid next <em>April,</em> and a reasonable credit will be allowed for<br />the remainder, on giving bond, and approved security, to<br />SAMUEL S. M’CROSKEY.<br /><sup>*</sup>*<sup>*</sup>The greatest part of the stock, utensils, &c. belonging to the<br />said plantation, will be sold at the same time and place.</em></p>
</div>
<div class="“column">
<h6>Column 2;</h6>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />A TRACT of LAND, containing upwards of 3000 acres, in the<br />county of <em>Richmond,</em> upon <em>Rappahannock</em> river, opposite to the seat<br />of <em>Robert Beverley,</em> esquire, extending more than 2 miles upon the river;<br />the land is extremely well timbered, a great part of it lies well, and is<br />equal to any in that part of the country. There are also, beside the<br />quantity of dry land above mentioned, between 4 and 500 acres of valua-<br />ble marsh, which may easily be reclaimed; a large water course running<br />through the greatest part of the tract affords a considerable quantity of<br />rich, valuable meadow land, and a good mill seat. There are also several<br />delightful situations for a gentleman’s seat, commanding extensive pros-<br />pects up and down the river, where the greatest plenty of fish and fowl<br />are to be had. A part of the tract is in possession of several tenants at<br />will, some of whom pay from 20£ to 25£. annual rent for 100 acres. It<br />will be sold (and may be entered upon next Christmas) either together,<br />or in parcels, by private bargain, at any time before the 10th of <em>October,</em><br />and if not disposed of before that time (of which notice shall be published<br />in this gazette) it will then be offered for public sale, upon the premises,<br />on the 3d <em>Monday</em> in <em>November.</em> Twelve of 15 months credit will be<br />allowed, upon giving bond, with good security; to bear interest from the<br />25th of <em>December.</em> if the purchase money is not paid agreeable to the<br />contract. The terms will be made known to those who incline to pur-<br />chase privately, and the lands shewn, if required, and an undoubted title<br />made, by the subscriber, living in <em>Westmoreland</em> county.<br />10|| c 10 <em>oct.</em> WILLIAM BERNARD.</p>
<p>FREDERICKSBURG, <em>August</em> 9, 1774.<br />A PERSON of the name of <em>William Foster Crosby</em> having procurred a<br />recommendation to me, I lent him, the 19th of last month, my<br />SINGLE CHAIR and a MARE to visit captain <em>John Lee,</em> on <em>Rappa-<br />hannock,</em> to whom he said he was recommended, to return in four days<br />at the most; but not hearing of him since, except that he had mistaken<br />his way, and got to <em>Richmond,</em> on <em>James</em> river, and colonel <em>William<br />Fleming</em>’s, in <em>Cumberland</em> county, I am obliged to take this method of<br />recommending him to honest men, as a profound knave. Such a<br />flagrant act of injustice, accompanied with such ingratitude to me, will<br />no doubt engage every gentleman to endeavour to strip him of the price<br />of his villainy: But I will gladly pay FORTY SHILLINGS to have my<br />mare and chair detained till I can send for them, or FIVE POUNDS to<br />be delivered here. As the knave is young, I <em>had rather he should turn<br />from his wickedness and live!</em></p>
<p>He is about twenty, of slim and genteel make, and fair complexion,<br />rather pale and foul skin, black hair, very long, and clubbed like<br />a <em>macaroni!</em> He is exceeding vain, boasts much of his learning, particu-<br />larly of geography, and professes teaching the classics, music, dancing,<br />and fencing; he grins much when he laughs, which he often does at his<br />own wit. His dress was shabby; I believe, one only coat, formerly a<br />pale blue, or sea green, the cuffs of which have been lately let down,<br />and the original colour makes a remarkable ring round his arm. He<br />passed on my friend, as from <em>New England,</em>and said he intended to visit<br /><em>Virginia,</em> in his way to <em>Charlestown, South Carolina,</em> in ooder from <em>New<br />England</em> to see the country; expecting here some supplies he had ordered<br />from <em>New England.</em></p>
<p>I cannot recollect whether the mare has any brand or flesh marks; she<br />is about 14 hands and a half high, half blooded, well made, rather round,<br />a chesnut bay, with a full long bob tail, and hog mane, very small feet,<br />and shod before, trots very nimbly, and remarkably low. The carriage<br />of the chair is new, the springs and axletree are iron, the body is<br />painted green, with the initials of my name on the back, in a double<br />cypher, in blue letters, in a gilt ground; it has been new lined, and has<br />now a carpet bottom; but I suspect he will quit the chair for a saddle.</p>
<p>He borrowed a SILVER WATCH, quite new, made by <em>Thomas<br />Walker,</em> of <em>Fredericksburg,</em> who will, I presume, give something to re.<br />cover it. tf JAMES MERCER.</p>
<p>COMMITTED to the gaol of <em>Charles City,</em> on the 29th of <em>August,</em> a<br />likely fellow, about 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high, denies he has any<br />master, and has passed for several years as a free man, under the name of<br /><em>Doctor Dick.</em> The owner, if any, is desired to take him away, and pay<br />charges. 3 STITH GREGORY.</p>
<p>NEW YORK, <em>July</em> 27, 1774.<br />FIFTY POUNDS REWARD.<br />WHEREAS on the 19th of <em>June</em> last past a certain JOSEPH<br />THORP was entrusted with a considerable sum in half jo-<br />hannes, of nine penny weight, to be delivered by him at <em>Quebec,</em> and as<br />he has not yet made his appearance there, with other suspicious circum-<br />stances, it is apprehended he is gone off with the money. He is a native<br />of <em>England,</em> and about 6 feet high, swarthy complexion, very dark, keen<br />eyes, and pitted with the smallpox, of a slender make, stoops as he walks,<br />talks rather slow, and has some small impediment in his speech. He<br />lived some time in <em>Boston,</em> from whence he removed to <em>Quebec,</em> assuming<br />the character of a merchant in both places; he was also once in trade<br />in <em>Newcastle, Virginia,</em> and has a brother settled there. It is believed<br />he went on board captain <em>John F. Pruym,</em> for <em>Albany,</em> and took with<br />him a blue casmir, and a dark brown cloth suit of clothes. Whoever se-<br />cures the said <em>Joseph Thorp</em> in any of his majesty’s gaols on this continent<br />shall be entitled to ten <em>per cent.</em> on the sum recovered, and the above<br />reward of 50£. when convicted. Apply to <em>Cuson</em> and <em>Seton</em> of <em>New York,</em><br /><em>Joseph Wharton,</em> junior, of <em>Philadelphia, Robert Christie</em> of <em>Baltimore,<br />James Gibson</em> and company of <em>Virginia, John Bondfield</em> of <em>Quebec, Me-<br />latiah Bourne,</em> or <em>John Rowe,</em> of <em>Boston.</em> It is requested of those who<br />may have seen this <em>Joseph Thorp</em> since the 19th of <em>June</em> last past, or<br />know any thing of the rout he has taken, that they convey the most<br />early intelligence thereof to any of the above persons, or <em>Greenwood, Rit<br />son,</em> and <em>Marsh,</em> in <em>Norfolk,</em> or to Mr. <em>Robert Pleasants</em> and company, at<br /><em>Four Mile</em> creek, <em>Henrico</em> county; the favour will be gratefully acknow-<br />ledged. All masters of vessels are forewarned from taking him off the<br />continent.</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land, lying<br />on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa, with<br />three plantations thereon, two of which has sufficient<br />houses for overseers and negroes; the other is improved<br />with all necessary buildings, and orchards of all kinds,<br />fit for the reception of a gentleman, the houses being<br />finished in the best manner. This tract is well timbered<br />and watered, lies within 32 miles of Fredericksburg, and<br />43 of Page’s warehouse; there are at least 400 acres of<br />low grounds, of the best soil, 300 of which are now to<br />cut. The three plantations are under good fences, and<br />in good order to work 12 or 15 hands. Robert Flem-<br />ing, John Massey, and John Lain, are now in possession<br />of the plantations, who will shew the land to any person<br />inclinable to purchase, and Major Thomas Johnson will<br />agree with them for the price. The above tract is esteem-<br />ed the most valuable in Louisa for growing corn, wheat,<br />or tobacco, and situated in the best range for stock of any<br />below the great mountains. ( tf I * )</p>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich<br />TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst county, whereon<br />are several plantations and improvements sufficient to<br />work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale<br />a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately bult, with a<br />stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILL-<br />STONES, which mill has for two years past got up-<br />wards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a<br />never failing stream. The land will be shewn by William<br />Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the<br />prices of the land made known by him. One or two<br />years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the<br />second year, and also for the first, if the money is not<br />paid agreeable to contract. The land is to be laid off<br />and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence<br />of the purchaser. Deeds will be made, upon bond and<br />approved security being given, either to Call, William<br />Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent. discount will be<br />allowed for ready money, or good merchants notes. If<br />any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower<br />part of the country, on or near some navigable river,<br />that are good, it is more than probably we should agree.<br />CARTER BRAXTON.</p>
</div>
<div class="“column”">
<h6>Column 3</h6>
<p>FOR SALE,<br />FIVE hundred acres of land, lying on Deep Creek, in<br />Louisa, about 45 miles of Richmond town, and is<br />exceeding good land, well watered by Deep Creek, and<br />a large branch thereof, which runs through the middle<br />of the land, and affords a large quantity of rich meadow<br />ground. Any person inclinable to purchase may see the<br />land, and know the terms, by applying to the subscriber,<br />living near it. tf I * GEORGE MERIWETHER.</p>
<p>To be SOLD, at public auction, at Westmoreland court-<br />house, on Tuesday the 27th day of September, being<br />Westmoreland court day,<br />TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born SLAVES.<br />Credit will be allowed until the 10th of November<br />following, on giving bond and good security. The<br />bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually<br />discharged.<br />tdf RICHARD PARKER.</p>
<p>TO BE RENTED,<br />FROM YEAR TO YEAR, OR FOR A TERM OF YEARS,<br />BELLVOIR,<br />THE beautiful seat of the honourable George William<br />Fairfax, esquire, lying upon Potowmack river, in<br />Fairfax county, about 14 miles below Alexandria. The<br />mansion house is of brick, two story high, with four con-<br />venient rooms and a large passage upon the lower floor,<br />five rooms and a passage on the second, and a servants<br />hall and cellars below; convenient offices, stables, and<br />coach house, adjoining, as also a large and well furnish-<br />ed garden, stored with great variety of valuable fruits, in<br />good order. Appertaining to the tract on which these<br />improvements are, and which contains near 2000 acres<br />(surrounded, in a manner, by navigable water) are se—<br />veral valuable fisheries, and a good deal of cleared land<br />in different parts, which may be let altogether, or sepa-<br />rately, as shall be found most convenient. The terms<br />may be known of Colonel Washington, who lives near<br />the premises, or of me, in Berkeley county,<br />tf FRACIS WILLIS, junior.</p>
<p>NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.<br />NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels<br />will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000<br />tons of stone from Mr. Brooke’s quarry, on Rappahan-<br />nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light-<br />house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work<br />are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Layall,<br />and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors<br />of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or<br />two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burthen.<br />tf BASSETT MOSELY.</p>
<p>FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,<br />A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none<br />of the land having been cleared above six years,<br />with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500<br />acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good<br />that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with-<br />out dung. I have made on this plantation above three<br />thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very<br />healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies<br />in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-<br />mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and Mayo<br />creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near<br />to Petersburg by water, and last month, in the dry wea-<br />ther, two canoe loads of wheat were carried near to<br />Petersburg, and the canoes brought back; they were<br />loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt<br />but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the<br />expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &c. will be trifling.<br />Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce<br />of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not<br />know any better high land in the colony. This tract of<br />land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I<br />do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on<br />Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat<br />in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage-<br />ous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 826<br />acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles<br />from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the<br />quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small<br />plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is<br />good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any<br />person who viewed either of the above tracts of land<br />would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither<br />of these tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever.<br />A reasonable time of payment will be allowed.<br />tf ANTHONY WINSTON.</p>
<p<em>>For SALE,</em><br />A TRACT of land, on Charles river, York county,<br />containing about 600 acres, part of which is marsh,<br />that may be drained with very little expence. The situ-<br />ation of this place is very convenient for a family, as it<br />lies upon a river that abounds with oysters and fine fish,<br />particularly sheepsheads; it is within 200 yards of a mill,<br />and 2 miles of the church. My reason for selling it is,<br />my having bought a tract of land more convenient to me.<br />Whoever inclines to purchase may know the terms by<br />applying to the subscriber, in York town.<br />THOMAS NELSON, junior.
<p>WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second-<br />hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight<br />each. Any person having such for sale are desired to<br />make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk.<br />t. f. BASSETT MOSELEY.</p>
<p>YORK town, June 9, 1773.<br />THE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with<br />the will of their testator, the late Honourable<br />William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted<br />to him will endeavour to make as speedy payments as<br />possible. Those who have accounts open on his books,<br />and who cannot immediately discharge the balances,<br />are desired to give their bonds. This request is the<br />more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by<br />the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has<br />directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed<br />out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it<br />can be done. Those who have any demands are desired<br />to make them immediately known.</p>
<table><tbody><tr><td>THOMAS NELSON,</td>
<td>|</td>
<td>HUGH NELSON,</td>
</tr><tr><td>THOMAS NELSON, jun.</td>
<td>|</td>
<td>Ro. C. NICHOLAS.</td>
</tr></tbody></table></div>
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette. Number 437, Thursday September 22, 1774
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1774-09-22
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP2022.13
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/860079a38d1858a6544005a0432ca56e.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=S6rA0IdNUpIhQb7MUi39K5dYy5neC7b3udeDWWAtscS6px5EIx92tkhkdJO-zcYzO9jV1PdH1mCakjR%7En1eAXZucjmJ5%7EQyMTbgLroLArkFnKYfhEcAdXIc6rmKLGV0od4s-qmUirt7IptmwaZCgjWCSy0JFnj%7ElbUB%7EI5RBe5M-WXCJcvwceJTeN%7EjCKxakV1Axa-6NeO9Qm7qcbprKjRqWOxVFOnk5ylZR61tjvmv-cKU7BnAleKCXMbezc56JN02cTWjGJojY51DWx%7ER-C020Y1NZNQP7vlEZWBpXrwLeAj3n0JI4ODrZGSZzUGLuqUpS%7EEY65H7-c4yC2DF7aw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
9c472c687f439102592ff8fcbc591369
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/dee73e71461bc11ce472ecf74b710028.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=OCUSuC%7EJnnq88JqwL%7E6vcwS69GUW8JhuX8wELofFeVK0Doq5rwEKCuwcgPrXHomt7E6c-6-PVHa5%7E00SsEfOlsjqNloCq7jcNJHXbzx%7EkbFf8RZROWp-BUsyWJIlwFoAXnVEkyl0dLE-T-XRv-fnG-xi1quiHczTw04XaTkB8b4k8JOxlTCI-romy2K0nuf4MpmKoHehhPohUIg-ZqrOow58KJxNfnhVOoK-6Bl1EkzX98NommagGes0SouBNmercGlQodngqDhsiyPlGg15o4P0POiWlOr-lOPD0cMa1OZCm-NpDj6%7E3sT6E80ae%7ElDk69x3cYNibF14cXCZ%7EHKeQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
22d686bd76fd7c277596173aecc05eb4
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/17cfb99e57cb89219bb494cbffa0c427.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=ngAmoWttmXUTLYXCz-kkLJ2mFjOWW7RfYgDA0tFJwtAAAojlWObKGdNjzTHSbF820Go-kxCLVdKeNigXvOpkKrU18edZTHY83LVP9rjYO8GA0wNJFRzO4PYbEgdsIuMz31tu5JznVvOProh57TgeLO8AOUs4luLQSV%7EbZCWxHzUmJQQ5-VensVmgTkkaRqD2-3XOow1PBe4NsNwYhBjSzajEo89lbmpd99fnVnxw7hWI-D0Cv78f-7Vkzu6-FIY7D5qIeFrDECd2Tv8ru1hC3YDVHKVsKW2HO7alVYdYQlmY970eh1VyNEHazNMr7sy0ajpjhV511BdwvkvY--Mf9g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c2da871fd8b7648315f9b5730d59a281
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/61d7cf6a3902337555cd16b8d8bfae8a.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=DwOLIzceUlPKVZzG5yxGxSaw7UgSx6PSI24XPwnNZjBhlD7xV6zBwAsrQmIyyb1-egEt5yVM%7ExVdNK9NM6jxkbTJGM7otMUIHMxeMzt0t1PZozhxdLtwkeCZXg1fUrwcyJG3i4%7E9yUK36wgWP7Lw6fHXHQS3s7i%7ElXqO8zKaAFc%7Eum%7EZgsYKhmSgtO594xDqZhcmAwI9KGruh3pqy3XR%7EzpXo66lU5pC7IB1-5NLrXSRz1I-vT-2dNTA%7EquTk8RfiHmO-6dU3QFfjqELIdPEKRrrRRknu0c0XSm1aWRzeTr6M9LcEK4eawl3pS1qdrGI-RAfQEDJN0fG4glXVzeI9g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
8aebc880fdae43c8da3379d61d2f5ea4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette Number 381, Thursday August 26, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-08-26
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.54
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/4c360afb0b6a82853d2c679027a088a8.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=jeWmaRkoVoo6tqOvlaRdpipBNRIEYpLYtL8idlKn0w-voae1K2yVWM1Xa5plVLmxRoEMQ2ebDQ-sUFNppS0R0HScFNzkzkU4qI4api-%7EwVYGHwlhsH6VMpQIWdnX75D9PjA66We2JeZztcxbDaa-Yaf6LgZXwbFDlaWnEwMWsGC749JkPciw5v5Z0IKgHqYfMip9F0QLBbIcp5fTq0qguhoIKihXtpcl8OHWUe9y5QKyTkxqVYZcY%7EfHzuBXCeOPveUnf0plOMmiO2JqqJZDEn2Bm1%7Ecggrt%7E1OZ3MvKc7xrujEEr21Yaawp3scuzo75uH1emlvr6ZuynlILsSK4jg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
95b009efb1aff14be9871d4d1b2cb983
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/a01bbb286f591ff8997683601745f9b1.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=jnuELBbhc4MGF5EfP9Yc4OJlN7txbjt4ma36yTU9XkN7MlKISkwP5uX0cwxkXM60ImrHHu0t213u%7EJA5xCj%7EU8qP64nVmUNjEU3B8J8IKWVKa23aEzfi%7E2Vq5EnOJFDav03kIINQiO6gMLs5gymS6D8sxjadahcbx5ZPd%7EZkn2O%7ExJnSIeje57QilxzNgYs2pfMGOPUdu6hLfPgQzeegeJIZXmDinJVG4FzgnLmkdBhmf4e-7VtruV8rLkWSkjvNpJvS7SZWuvGVhzZT4Zs5jTRhc27SKlA2qiB8IfTvFLTi0UZoN8iMAeTV7lqZatWqG6RobfXKIlhbeTUf67sxyw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
674845470e1573bc7308b8c47266f927
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
Supplement to The Virginia Gazette, Thursday August 26, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-08-26
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[2] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.55
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/305b98226997142a81225d0a3bb51d60.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=IkixOSCv6dC5ftGN8upOdNFZo%7EiwjL9lIzyMJq-x6G-%7EzJhUpXybi64oXVXP4IQTlVPu4EXo2ukP0Khc81qhz8mF6ehy1i6wRda3RwRUq7r7qEEV5TDowYaFyzArXeaCpZvOz-sGyNxBBaZueaX9QGll60aGTCeIk3tgiSqc9NvNOeIJK6Ha3Ok30oe-1LapycaUUQHaPX5ilHfZ6Y1hldEMO4KVEjU-WbWgKe2scFtXX0FwyaLPnylJf%7EGvKJa9pSeP5Beiruvlwk7ilU%7E03GoER8J9pHT7PRik-UzKkuLLhmcIItSAIv1LswJ6nEIjIO8p3%7EL4hZghODYGBXMs5g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
70ff249a5e79e9b3d46c2db757095d09
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/ad55a91f39d61a97f9abe55fc32df7ef.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=sMIe4zirL8bSMmb3HC4B4ETUe1yGKhIYnDEF95%7EK974NiQm5cvl8MYeNAoChBSe%7EVHWkTkY-a-Cx7bIOYIXpli0WztAtwf4pogakAflPCIKKfJ-Mb%7Eanbz9AIAkbbhC%7E4XQlbt56Cs0zSMxXxUwGoVm2Ejvrn1GOeDiOKAl42D6-CsmjvWe-16H1Px35LfHb-u0knutR9-OZaXrtN3P9bu1zMYZgHocy538GjZQFDm2%7E%7E1pbgUO7jEcq7kcasltDgTf4pxX80xFxq2HWD1wVZ3IGja2CgUKeTu6X-XxjbgGf6-CNmBp3UU1HMWsFPC0IiN14h6LfdCQ5vMpP5%7E0%7Etg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
918c661f0cac90f2c37742504d61c0d1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
Supplement to The Virginia Gazette, Thursday September 2, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-09-02
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[2] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.56
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/507fa953c749cab489c0a4df4034df5b.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=J7fYTp-s-AaoLNGGHwttlflBObmdsp5z8FzgL2WMkDRCWCosEB6tTKpxpVeDQNzXEK9bu-Ciwk-DmhdZ3KFVn72RFDl-l0aM9bkPPTT02Dm3kxeLW4r3tLi1pAvODPrrr%7EuiBDUXohrJwZ0q-Sl%7Elj%7E88vIqXenAI8KXzMJFOqnDpmJc5V3-hI8LpSm6AIjrI%7Ei8E-m%7EBbUJKXn2l0ZK3V3H8LZiWe-lTgzwB-1mh-GVTmxvKKPMaZuzXB7NJipgRQcBU8oKcEK3PMhvpzEINsE2r2Y9lDpAgiRyFI%7ET9alRPjtbjEPEgDqHwXXBxGFY5pNk4P2qj0BiVs%7EeT4rrZQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
9bafcf026fbb428e03023fe29154dd88
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/85ea3e80025f37a775b9954e2610fb20.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=K%7EmbWiokpL7ZVCeJFvZReOH5-KO7aegACCUvcwV7BQtpIkPNj9cCI9hfmJ62FkT3HxCLIbxOq4xVFDpS610tvDzJHJ-TvwZ-XeDz3b1pLXNWoZyG4bjJOrcyd7%7EV5GpHjveAFQxQKYA%7ERcmnMHkztHv0gnilR7L1LP4T6JvtXLXTNN5HlPuRonoR4Xzl4gIP6Vy74PGJnj-jDlfRJpd6DTAm%7EsuLRZHeQXeEH4qXuuc4IL2eCkB7LJlPqzR%7Enzce4vgDLLxbKbR4Jj7RVN%7EX6rz73i-RSNfKigUBv-k7Y0gGpYcfvoECAXBR9WLMtgYKjJdgrMI9gPKzjuR4Uv2spg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
ea7b92d506a00d8894bf6d9fdfd196c7
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/67d7ae10b384731e58af44631b64fcf3.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=AobJat5-XuxchBIlhSOk3dFM%7EiEiq8ltta7PBHw4wRoHS4fwCBHpbjPkan%7EwVXVU7VyZf0MeKbcaSgN6xc4vz0Clq8l6L8L2wkWQkde-oV%7EonGHn0sbVOGSxd1y9isfio%7ExICMiEuWkvhuzugYbMOKqhNaF3Az21KHfh66VTkU0nfYv0dmbMs2PSAx4SfJyhTnjCuikiaQ1oJe1zhvRpkonmpF-ic7RNQ%7EM%7Eb6R5lLOKfa9Lo1byeelhwSyDcpR1TBlqu2SIxJPtPOUFYW7swEo7mH8B5eKD-LEy6mQm2vLAfcTix%7Ele3KMLT6XJ4YWLziQzAYkHN%7EZb2-kvvJNFeA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c3b9a9051fc87a1e722902b1d99dfb5e
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/45468b3538aae584501f50e73ddf80ee.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=k8TgU8gXhA-7cTIyOgs1oEYwFoavlpbiX3hrzZWbsiArzUxcrK2HUbokXodgHVfRkUQbVEscWPNQIO2Xg9C2HNAjWfx-WNXpGbbQG1RcLXu9Xf0M5-IHwn7Al3vwjt2HDjYBLZbksW7qsBVc94BiP4N2G2OSEpSxyrwMljCXABT%7EkhRQQdhvJfQ%7Er7bjVIUjQW7pobdJ7Hp4E45wxHFJmH03Amo8yCexJiJTKdpeWT1Hds%7EgbyKEAmD7Z-l2lYO411dMHpRRL5iLnTdYu6GyPaLCZJD5gKnwmiWrSx0ChGeIz-NiggTs1xApnG8CHDj4lEcvt0H3x-4Pyp-k20EViA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
51bb11f082519659859be38e7937d1a7
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette Number 383, Thursday September 9, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-09-09
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SNCP1996.3.57
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/75c93fc611008dbb036f0c894117d45c.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=k8-8D-Aj8jcAzGnV6ub%7EhYbRF9ojZ4q9-F4TjxT5IWc5MN%7E2YNj3mRaG73payQKi6EJBw3YS8sjXsLmj0VdYPkiehJyS4JuTUJay2h3ROV2gh8jzEi7HAAvCiThLWiAotoC35H6qEYGhf9Y6-7dYuM8NeRbsPSNpMKDMmDyouEKyQR8e0ZTxeL6GPwUB4jb846DotkgDz3uZdT2310bj-ss7KQfs1-xEA36NUAvJhuqQpVhYXOTUEWMKYWTGrRP0fuviUSugGKeW63Qa9pBhWMQiU6px89jkOWJTfVW879rA-mQ09fa4BJuFJRTMqsIcbdl8%7E5kDt8FdHyQZSFi2Uw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
a5a7c7b61601f39f438fae3598598757
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/449d61a941bfc03fe6d30dd89a82a157.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=oP2qzgt2Cdde9rzaEzn%7E2kocGmwDPs3nDUDyHFb9TACmAOia74iPu2oiHu-vzCV54xkaiXatULlYEIh-DM-2JxhLF9-3bRx68o0svImP8BsbbPCGQ3lKAqCyoKjmN5s-cgtJLVezx%7EqoS0apnmL-NgGRS5nHGHz6lV8r%7EGDlui5U%7EZK3NOd55-yM0Y5sXSdqtyHC0RPsfjj1GPrGBxH8KTICRqvAFrQA8j49%7EyurLed7DOmmAXZw52VJRQM3fEfdqaDgfwApxb7CjSLXaKoHa-iRAMVuoAbpwMxe7-3EQh5oRqA5-dU8Iio4pe8k73iTauETyHtzyB8Vt7Lspw8vVg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
4312a50af47795fb94efe7037cf4a26a
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/1abd881070b608197ea269933416ccd5.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=qRE3LoaBabn1MxfoJmOW0QgFNrRxO4f4Rud1NeYVbLPc2mLArmfLvpeetd7Y3QFGgbSKiV7pVwD5fppuZlPPluFZ8jyNezcTbWiJCSyoqWdlDQwLcwwr%7Eqg65pC708%7E8ypbaRcGWUGi3IfPYz0iLjZMG01DxEwtc6xH59puxM2Y4QdUW3lEtn59if07dmdUbG0bd0lJTvt0VtGTVN0Djl5ugkaJe2er%7EzLIYfayDinNeGAUbKStoQLV3FDpJq7NocZUUz72NnjNAimV1f%7E-UTvE41RuSaqO48fV1wZkOFSQFb-dJYew93aAL%7EU96QEvIOuUxQTjv0O0gQFuzV0FSWw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
4378d5a5b8d56ff6335e3c58b36251c4
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/633a0765477108b590fc356a41485c23.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=a8kaO9Goype2PxKNvdO8hY9VmwlXzi0URZcw2njzUKvGbm1ddBv56%7EV3SDluSgTSrqsEk65s9vRhWXMoAc0najNKlDsvMBnBqtsg4K%7Exwsr-G4gSMgCDXqamqy0lBG00Q1THY8Vg1Oh7G8Oji5Z3BptTfAS-E2umqGBhm%7EzeIb8P34t-dzzfo-bXxZRrKnjZsE%7E98IXUv12Ev-lD5lZG28oUIMU%7EQh1JmUqXREVsDnz8VLOO3TewsTWOoYpzCXz3sqportI3L8J0bayfFOaslsu4XzFrOqufRIoIrGUa6YxAehKhvr9bZsrO0zoMwhXpb09GtcSXEPEjZf-n0aSCiA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
c2b6c78a8ca004aed452b43ee11687ba
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette Number 385, Thursday September 23, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-09-23
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.59
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/a67f9085dbe7b8af123c9ca91c281fab.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=oYJ8Qnf99HwiHUyXrLaTrjktyJ2U1zEOol1icH2iGlj19647hYFy%7Ep8OylCZtwVd-bRR2IaM4rxU4NiDxkwdZLuRUnIlBAkfisI4tyYdqMunZ6z4OFrZWDSweXDXMILPZ0voImlS15NMzRSBAUo8g8b48FzWqIy3qkQmOPXNdyRVskVzlKkBg5rh%7EHMCVTcmpLO-8UI7FLR748kRUgCEA1dKJ9-6qcjjgwneEFe8WecsFdUYkXKN-KQ176lRkP1qGMMyaokCjtLXtboTl5u4UP0NER9k85o4wfGw0QqJhMNDjvCfHNasxvE%7EIE1hdGAIguAjlAfU7z5suoyfFS6-cA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
7d276d9599f744f2d153f73564e622d5
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/53f20e299510d0102e37704f761a1e8e.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=nhUOeI9ofyHmpIlgZZDZZPiRKaqt8McPzTW8XpGiWscp5UYKlJuULO7hIdyjQNMNkHL-C%7EeIgeAnakYQU9PorAaeCSc03dcKBapwGsgEmIFoRynUFWd5j4o%7EOq1qOXSnnpa5mbpKXNLzSCI9IEPYE7mwZsbB3hB7X%7EJFg0QpPzr4JGA5szqJT0zfHbxHBLFOtTZkD4zMovvvt26pA7ZVr29Z%7ECuNTsetzgKQTrnxZeR726jcv4k8C3bFNAhcZKP%7EnNxMq80oxbhWApcTURGYZfABYOK0hkSYaHX2p07f6bGHmDF3GycjlZ1J79B8-nX7XJN2qhCy2XJyT7L3Unekhw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
87a466ce103d0b4be0eb57f6ed32bfd5
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/850cc5f80e137b303803e839f0945584.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=BJd15n43q5YrzcFXIeuLz5CjRkR4ZeE9Xp4fuySWKzdD4fWUU8VMGlohd7yhJGprmuX6jFgCGHONJGoplib-wv4HlOLDDJjHUaKcI0184U%7EEAw4RbPCucdl-VNZgpQV%7EsROH%7EG38E%7E781PUXoPIMM8ILKdmI%7EijdktERcgrwRJrCYHJs%7EW%7Esba5fAcOOLp4T6WU1o77QJ2QxscsntdMzS%7E71J6yDwi033oSyeIHzTt0rAFAUeudT6XzQx0LiIlR3iZ7n32A4RG9v5a23-UfRSo05PCwQJ8G8F%7EUEe1dFEmO%7E30b5ShLN4BiK%7Eij7cBIFMxEvm1KeuYaI-lNCSxVRsA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
8295a2a458de310de5a85dc5be2583c8
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/7e1a3f11146e6a63b108c20f458d3161.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=kb6Li-MfGbruYZHMU%7EL67X3ugK%7EX4SosET-dgnKYISm8FtwDZ%7EghPHnFTFQerj76TqRyCJGnjo79e5Pjo1wVihKmPyd2jJFDxFoPv-I528WpzJrS3Hr-DTh8MNn97%7EEVOWpl6XN8YxwLgsbLJeZrXrXcj9Vl4Zho1fqgDV0mKFVbFJjr-WdT2%7EuNJbfdKmwAoHcIKNEiKnozje3rWSmfVKw7HoxNM6VSRt76a4yN0q6vMFx6cxzgQ3PVKsliD0LoXDfatw51X1WDkxlHiVDh9l6mT3GgaeZsHugsH9igVrO9%7Ey2mwklk8xEh60FHYDcSa0oelTUpZRGGAwZ59gds%7EA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
fb9e9832e103e3ab7cba07d7b07b34cc
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette Number 386, Thursday September 30, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-09-30
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.60
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/0cff03ef008621e76a7643f801f0a2c0.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=tjdIjCbxdOfNjxxbpq0xs-uOapdn2mYrZ3a-q36qj6Q1cOXhHYZjKaVA9G8o0cFhmRPa5Iekr5x2MEgOwucY1%7Eh-egMzDGvxdpVGavG6pKtOXXeyIa-JqLlw9ruMbBAyUWo9hDlT%7EN2TUEciDUEdw%7EheUvbacL154vP1mY%7EyvI5YZk6nCRMK1ra1vgivN8QiU1uEoMszMz7IYk2yL8w0lv6HLXUDiZRl6Fif%7EHU%7E%7EusqpWrpwLNEtJWeRzRuNdv6H4qnXT7-KUZdkI05B2VissKcz4RMiPu1Po3lw6jUMkoO0lMwKow5i6UbDbZvIO6U-SyAebW26Bmk11Oy5qHsOQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
626758efd846fd39bd0625c2a89b4f69
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/d4389bd3ef70487b02b00711e4619617.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=fAngB4Jp9NcqCQ5AGKbsgQwQwXVd0op3c5rYpr89yLc7iReEzMuXcNg8um9SXaveKu5JKclYpjA18U4lkV%7E3%7ExqFS--mtsVaB2SvN9qoAFuGdg-e4ZFGtGxv0fMkaK0h6QJRKizP1D7xkQO94FzxWP1qWbbIlVaENIqM55l8njMcbVJR92lRMzfbPjHET28eaM2JqBzgLSIJEb7m2XQuoaTb0zbyPobOD56o%7EqV1agFbcimTwYjZ4MyQCNOszR9GSMGkwYMmiIZDjmMzlB1QqtMi96gYk4wRnsbVOXg3vIzVaMYXPMGMnVEJ9itt8ydAB7fP7W4nNS4ptJNHQesfGg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
3488b0ed4f54d68846f4c6c2c0821999
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
Supplement to The Virginia Gazette, Thursday September 30, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-09-30
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[2] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.61
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/7ebefd45fb10920cd58d23da44d562db.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=H6fAcvjdw7p5-A-QlUxGBmrc4NhdnST%7EHpxNZO1%7E2kSCJ2AiwnQ8S9GDKROOaWLBLnSRhwlg3JnPXT%7E2eMo9WM7gVhtIpDilTZ3Tzq1bCIDctZbzQ7Xhb1Gi3SuUgyliSzuqeAFcDSYSfUJ5WGAyrapXk5JajXen7Yr%7E0l-eZpHj7DWQMqPqs4RgNnF3DUwY6%7E05S4G%7EvdSFDXKo11msXiqd8yxGVYJ%7EEEbWulK49mqAxsa40pqJbRN1lviqaHgOErn5vAEKFWMklsVAdzySS5FHQhgoWbrfR3N8DA5theq51DGzAqWEOJXX9upjmoqYerqMhKd75TMjmuEEyHfHxg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
93381bc1c6ad626ec91c955607e01c54
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/52bcaf18015fe55b6b435ede162ec41d.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=FbuzgXUdbe0V1ZViUn0zNtc8XeZlwyHTYuMjGTEZNGLyzSdPm8d7MUTzGa0SS8Nmb7rRR-ovjEhyM1Kzi84I%7EHfV7ppiuIFLWT7f5a3jll978fBS8Ac0W85D2%7EhdWWRH0--h012dHqBc-uJK3f5ENWJxceRl4YU5YuMQyupCLQ6HAz-170UBpO0hPwix8rsCog%7EdfKhpzoYm130kqmoE4%7EIcsw30EXiu540K5eq8SYZPwg%7E93thxub-accocTkv6lzWPEpL%7EUkPLNX25IF9H9L2DwqmV0DQO5ewwEJ1wvEqaObrFyJsXRHzoJ1bsR0GLCeMCjdwNYeDGLYRbxj8VnQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
baec6d56ae8f04dc32b5bc5ec8971365
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/e4337f245c815a1f79f97b5c96fe3254.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=kcqZtpWbX0XnAWfW-ZLoZWCxsUQRHYXF7UPh6PySoG8I4PVXim3mjT4RskjKc6bISHNox%7E3CefSvZGpm-vpxradrggDrzDBHHyYMQNFHEIVEkYZS4LtcxC%7EFMr4xU3S4-7midwyMjWxFhWkDcCTTc7qU3JRAO3Rn3URC6RI4E6EjQJtBq%7EQapWMtQsIvqtQuMRTZPXQ3V-lOCJzNg5AdPlKX4I47oobXc1vw6YVD-VIGIyzr53TEVBmbwcbRIZj0B9E4vybywFUDZTDAV-ZIgdmI5DtEtHBv0aWgMD%7EHe-a-50iQL5CUG4alFr03YCPNLPHXN1ynb-lE-Mdm9k5xpA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
7c33e7c2d995b62f054b8078824b0a08
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/4781d6f628cc690f28c9322ed13941e4.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=bupG2-NIYJJO9ik7hBsyG-YjXRaLzM3QT46Zh-NR08Wh7jOnCErAQ%7ErcMpmX88g9QdL%7EkZ3vrM83ABY9MUvtmkZz0RSOo22NrL0RKY2f11l0aI0wtI7YBwSs0WObiDCo25v7swZPhHtwrrQ%7E1ODUSPvIoy%7ExmU1DuOgeHQG5Igf4UeZT6Q2WkrZp9oZJVkmaXaz44-Uj7LYhflU3YKEbrhTh2pTSNocczw52pQoM3QjaonUVqJoLwxE6c-eI3KD8RvdOoixR11IQuwKv8xFFpZj7VTuNT3H5BTl0wuixQ31SJ29P9ES2%7EXqzvZxb2DZA7bdTtcbQwBJl3dbxZJJXSQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
a92054533248b7858fe153daeec64a55
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette Number 387, Thursday October 7, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-10-07
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.62
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/eb33dcde54fd7ab9ef8b77a0deadab34.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=R6zcgtH3INjJYR8NjJwCDthLMHTa1pH1Xb4OFAD1MjYLNU83qpCRLeGAyQuFMjWWMEnzXKJLcML%7EYJXvkkdKziOjV4OanRajmubat%7E1FMuXSUr1co2tb4RNfFSt0pKtHS9YapK1x6TzBuRO87sx8JNNjCV2ctjUN01TVwTfuYovupAhQMbcS-aXJlMh7VLDUG6irBbbZWUuCcreQmnI3O9mbuZl1O9SQU96JiuXbeEXgUT7N0Z7OQHPFh3UwLISCx4o-gd0RmqX16XxUxDUvIjHrH27TsrTcVscMndLEtwX7gI71Sg4gRjjXrBdCoTI9i9cRyfpfKN6LRlR2FsBx1w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
1fad05fc642b6d7de3b65f816af2f18f
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/862693d9077d8699b3b89b31d043652d.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=ukK8jaOef8f1189W54YS-yHRW0bYeIUU0%7EWB2rycMM58o%7E%7EGr51KIdi7cMiY5OW5h%7E2kR2bBKEI3gHDpU74pnybJr6grN-NhILTJPIBEFSd73bfYVVIWu0zq7s%7E1AFK3pX0lrGEMIqs183Lf-V%7EfQhAOcB3WOrAphKdnlk1jBjv9zR-XL7EbyMf1m8uZE4xWxbvl5%7ERlUZBx6v3nKchy6LH8ZWIcC1FeU6Iz3CdQvrmJ7QXRsbU-FdvUz07EAwnxdCbvU07tapQVB02MXxvw3mchRxpdM0flgjMmtuWyFZoorTijX60ZMZXYU-KvFgosRNlGqaIsv9WCcMdMA1fwPA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
6530422504118e204fd50185cbb4c31f
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/61fa67faaacb4a8d114467a43271a053.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=JtrddugPMR8hNYsdLvjtbQCKlI%7EMpzdYTbREBBtBQFKa3vEyuraKYfCJFn1HO8V-C-H9q-dzZPio%7ENF-NPkbdvAUz1ZwmCtki6chaXC7umAWqEygr9mrSNcvWCjBHqLF4JvGdtQZp5PIHD7paDg5ivLZW6GSrXcbiN7DP7GyJPDujdqVjy6yNrwPiL6OMcNcjypFj2hA1MQ6TYeBYLOwLG5MDN7MuLR7aY9kFl3KMjEA1zN3LtajU6fk8vO1ot-LF9Ntwoz8xHBfnjMjsXh4Ej9FFHZv9Rbdp8gfkRTbJSkRK2YnPsjUzxfv83vNB7TFmvsz-eWt%7ESmmjUNNjIciEg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
9958bae077bef7c35fff362635d7759d
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/8bf219a6eda859e3cc40370f2de91e11.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=TpM-SbzKiU7G0T%7EyVhdbuhJMzsa9qUDYcSmB7CTsrimWiB7fvpFTGipRYe5vInZjgiuxstr1uj1TV-f%7E8IAbiCo7rLuFFRBaZYcZ9N0A9N276vGRmTbtvFJJU4R3x%7EA1GL3C32otH8Hvxl6txTA5K4sBB8cWyBxWU7Sa2DCoQy0xOJH3J6DAAtv4GweN1vXXaQiQGksw7EMpDypNoVKIOCJVh3BRozkFdr6o79IM2nYwYjSRutm1C97tLWEcJLIa2Zd9rcL3qcom6U%7E5UpFkkBPwKOVDigelkW6%7EzXlehE5BXlEpI-qK%7EQag2s87zl-d25wsSsTNDXTMS%7E0-PXplqw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
123c7239e3c27f7734fdbd7dd0f728f8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette Number 388, Thursday October 14, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-10-14
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.63
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/daa0cd56b84b5d10f14a6e629c01a42e.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=gktcqU%7ElUFwSQDxOgQHitnagb3YcbuI7WRDxrFMmR%7E3N-tFbX-TTcauo0hGBxsRzaA1Gy3J4Es-lpSlvUeojD0ZI7XV9jQKxhVlUkmuNUydqYPAYle4n9s0R6ZSlmHcwOjLMT4LePWx1rLgJFhQidq3a5LScUke2hjgZlXddZe-RWl9aWnMhpy9KVyGqe71s1DBWrMPSi6f%7EKKLyxtVoXa4rUEIr5IXEtQUTGMz5pD3DWMNkw4u4-iMu-PpzfIXznweuKFvgtjWtJeCbhCsLuBioXKaRD4p2QypA7IgPWMP5iu95sMibQoQTkg7odROzqkV-%7EI99PSFQI38TdCPc4Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
dddc789f6b967392efba7538ad9a78e9
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/9aa54ec826398faf6c37355f9474d02e.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=g8rw-LIROVOCF6cDPN0-E49XFjiSL%7E27HCMBuCTZeRdu%7EVydQjslLJdkhac5CWXvhEaCdQwKh83KJAPEqjNh9LBUxEO22M7IogeubHTEJO6UbGIGkyO8UxqYrW8nWVxR-k6EfPx2PjzcjODnhPKh61vQxVUQTwnXt6rabrapJVRa7Fq4IWbYfIjggoVmDiyV4ApYQoLzy7X7GOmMMZXDzfRLum9r4vPEeNoqUL%7EpAZq6d06cutBKIX5LfhoIQvCLho-EiuMig9tvCekuGbgJgNqaFtdPlKbuX9wYt3xHPuvKYfgnHDy04AGic5M%7EmC3yyNqcJy2VA4w1lqCGYkBcbQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
2d2e2fcafebd695a39cee7d42b0aa54d
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/bb7b4d13e56bbb1636df31ecff54094d.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=I6GQFbsyQleG9y%7EOXB%7EZUHnwF3JSsWBD%7Er-69NiFTe8qaXj76pn%7Eoh1qOG2FI3UT-pohVCMcN%7EkZAm4Boi-HkauZ-ch6J2ZHMa-1suWFqpH46k1hnOptF%7EBDecZa0KIVyAt-v62mKm07IgOm%7E8IkrkZdFLv1ZyAW51m5XFAcHWGzr7N5t-O2p4VyjB8bafkydL0upCd8k5ln7J9njY7DFGvhR65rrCGW9V-9PoU8VQY0RyNzhmeTjBT3tZfZYdjq3z7KIGOYMj0-XWVvd4yu%7EvtWwVxPUM8cCdPPM-0HkTrJEAa6BkgBcHuGmCzbbaXTNQI2JUsc38AORSPkBOSFdg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
9ec71bad3dd8edef438d51be5a84d5ff
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/be61f170a8f469886a377a45724c68be.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=evhicdHLlbUdpQQX%7EIgHeVnfvcf5E6wgSg%7Eb2I6wd-dajjs%7ElGxnxe4LbqlucZdLCAvLfZKtJtlcZjVExNYWTXe8fFnR2p7Y98tAQ1-bggLagjVwC5UF8wFhz-k5RZPX4OYWheDuNJKbiQaIS5qRol2OjuocJxHQhYf4-aLm2zgTd0mxRDsjqXyFwjtuxW%7Ew%7ELzcjHGnNGUKi-m8M3dl7CpXYl6Jj15b8rcLIgUPslgbojkPpPmvO73AgNee-Xxn3jAdAaDR0Z18wdT2dU6Y0ImmePbpLRKw5TpCr9cli8VextMhg8%7EzfdjwLPc4fF%7Eh0bZSvHBBWvaA1ximKCRykg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
0ebcf03d3b6561069acd25a91332b210
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette Number 389, Thursday October 21, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-10-21
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.64
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/23058ce457f86dfebba58be196484ab3.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=qcS9BwWteyLd8o4hl3ljIirCed9eaoQXgA71aSML3Y8v2Pfx-VyvsaAoXAtEA6jErsNZl6gnSQJRo1tUsOCDEMe-azGQerGbUTN0Vp6FqoXyFWI6Wp3eibcm4ebHFN8F9RX8N%7Ey9IB0jZ6Nz4koCe1WfVpP3x0tNnAENuVcJHbAs81k1ZWScPcqiOF-GN23kLXMs6DHfOsjVpkkyZe6OqOZDbjQz2rqMiITiZOynwAy2v%7EpbD7TH-sTc3DrxR5FO-V7nw%7E174BuK-UrIhw5vR04G-6RyI4m2Kd7UVZxh8THz4CO6aGECEtDCUuz5gaP7u5-ceO3H3jP7UzZKmKfdZg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
cf6f2b7fe3af9835599a80d6c47be83d
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/844c5a6899ed6e2366ee17b9f236f53f.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=Inh%7EDQBkZjEOeM1y9pZNkrupNnADiumvOWrX9Ba%7EkGhRc-YVhaj2Ob3B73kBnBqJZWa4mYjkXeYLrOvPZhMO7FS6jG6YZIm-1Mf5kZ3g57MuH5NDFGjvT0LzFdnfFgHAwjpFHzGWTKj0KNQKUjmjbcswqo4nNEfdjnkFq0ZwYAE1FzVCTNPrXBtqskpRDJLmVkkPuWgUANhswWf8-jrveCekYNHAiRDOzOj2ec1zNRh19wCGVfYDUpKHDTqfXldhI5TE820XY5P8ExVRJ5Y4s%7Epm8DJIvsBn7Z%7EvP2IUqJf%7E8UYWqvGxKIHRHGj2mQIDDHzqWXeFafvU45ACeM7BMg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
7b6abbe373c1ef9eaeab04cd51b09420
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/ad9ec215e86c3eda3a0d66e1522e6933.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=cJGX1wJcLqoTRKTojIdfgRXW6ymEV8CFHjcje%7EXX009el%7EE0LL%7ErJNDg8mVgiNBatboTLTYOUU1SewvE8RkVr2TFBCzWMMQa2U-LCkryaD5zm0wihmpSuG-a7cjCpouded1WmMxjHuiZ4FeGFtN6zejEjdoQHJ5f%7ER4zILCdyEykJweHfrLoQ%7E1CpFAXuhjy45e3AWEIWoLgxwVxTeDQ7fzprvtq5w%7Ew9Z3u7XjZO33225t0fzbypCLxtVnzymG8pUMveKgJXStUEGbAsuTbZhHHzcDA%7Exumz6P1dRkJwFRjbyVm48dmWLZMu-bwiFwLJVEr2hg-Img%7Ex--T%7E4vrfQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
85f3cf065ff75206e6470797773b951a
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/c85ed56cb09ed67e0a8fb6d719741b1b.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=fDWd837vradn1bEH2caQenTIcy5GeEl1nWOaOOYKsD4f3Bi5wJnW4%7EfVBh22E0dFfeznlhYrwJbkmq03RqiZa-eO-PV4KD%7ER%7EpZ3bEvufX-kybgj8ZGOZrv98jUGPCia%7EVd1cIKfLYdmi9hBWfJ8owWUWO9xUQD3mFW5TysREK08-uRfLyYK8O2r7plwUkiOtzuUlvIZbzE3fsAwoL3bSYbAcgOZpJLzMjOemUSkzLt6bkrkTUTDxjAfOXhHSKLNF1ndjN%7EWCz4BfYC0KJDltzCJHocLGQR1TMmBn0SMb9XoAWAECzT8UVQU5sDf63OK%7EyhXAgWilTENaMCLYfWUVg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
f6ba337fa8ac9b1b94356ab08b80dd1e
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette Number 390, Thursday October 28, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-10-28
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4 pages]
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.65
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/6b7b21c8fd3d0d17d58b7a804628daf2.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=hLaUMm0Mde4EXN-IjXPQkhNQApsPYKgbrIZDU5sb6NS%7ErlQ11fSky1krUHGE2VLMiYzojdyAUPDpm7ZWHpxrI2eLn2aPzwpchKDfjMJSaQ2ZY0RZKCioyAYVcRoTLf20%7ErBVtCGdymwrpat3mYFM6KR4Kan7o8FhIoYYfwmUmRqMXHGTZabcQTvnOI07Wc6i-C6-C-GujgKFcR18Q-A-v7n0O3Tnhl%7EsI9YKLcGLXg6vrjY2k-NbRYL10PKzsVuwKrkfM6ZcbficHGA6YIrwhX8arTLCIWkZ4FFGRtDR-bK8f4RThzdi47tVMIdnOhQlS-XRP3vCW2gGGZXqqSFYqw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
f9d70efcce57b54a3232b17d83b303c6
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/fe9071909745c3abd48d0feff553f65c.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=uFQpG0r4RTJWbY%7EkoXfILSdK3cf9fO-Rs4MSK0eetxV9feceoKi49Pk%7E-GYNP31VHPiNBxJLGyqZDSC%7E2cNPIyNCzsrgt6tRDNV3nGGWBLX1%7E0DFIbPrMSkIlbxVDfOpREeAKSii8zxIi7uADA3S6dPK4mYnuQgRFagzYNjQxmYt7Rf3qgkUMjxCPU4OI0ZWkb-UYxlcgp5GRaNOjVW2jKF78bhz2xlFYX-3GzAm30%7EIsDZPWoQzepJSWNy9y396NnW5R3%7EYi5siNAgwJbJFmWJvjNF9gaWz6NXd41dbNJJmWDxtk0IrTlEZdQa3wdtvmczgyl00agx-j1VD40GzoA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
d6eff65a3b5ad66e7dc13a5427ef4bb9
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/95dd81d13fb1f4aa719974c5c94d27df.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=VELtDwUsDHvQ%7EO-yK85vnCP39gxCmWT5C35cLTWxsa90nlFKrOVciW%7Ek0i1DlgbDd9bc4298D4J5hfJQ9oHnJrX7L2IYc5NftAGyqsZzz3f5-ZPNVdP5akZqA-1qlqm2cJNkZGCGOM89S6AzP1sq67vS8UayRj9nkg2ygyz3e0fL8Ftei%7EAcJrCTV-a50V8HM0dLW1tBJmPQLt2VJwA9SQr8CqTmUv7l6bWZhKIKDJU8xPWZhwmeQPk27TAFmK8tpN7p00HCu7Vs7MwqQ%7ETw44VNCDwCv58f896j0Jrp%7E5XJceAm01IcUpPfRDInVNzsW0Do49swXhcR4%7EBSc1tEcQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
9e91eed7eb88ea7fb1850a2352dce2df
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/65018b08cf760bcd2f4f6a470ca3dee4.jpg?Expires=1712793600&Signature=OHBE6h47KC6kV%7EwPoPs8MWJuXPTANsmX1aNKpfhf22haycTZluWMrtwkrc4keXfU%7Em654jOGQCruCVoB-aFiQVFNPf5yvIfv1Ki11MQX7SghiNstyyE31wDDoEwzhE%7ErS1khx7avgqCEIXp9z0t4-o9AIXWJVtom-wfiqy10sfv1VKujOz5NTcBRlneeIxNeE4SJ-qXbZR535YPdKXrqDDNZAuV9YuvsNZtk1sKUo%7EJofdMMSEWRT--z4THtYUslrZQ9-umfLSuRz4TzJDPhqfw8yQA8rfES97%7Evy9Pjr2x0xy9boeiuI9AdjHYr2iQVR6ogHZ39tInFLzGGWO-YJg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
b54576207b88b7bad97ef6f7559040bc
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Newspapers
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of issues of <em>The Virginia Gazette </em>printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer
Title
A name given to the resource
The Virginia Gazette Number 391, Thursday November 4, 1773
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1773-11-04
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
[4] pages
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SCNP1996.3.66
Language
A language of the resource
English
Subject
The topic of the resource
Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg