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Dublin Core
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Title
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Holywell Hall Horticultural Papers
Date
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[about 1740]-1829
Text
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<p>[Page 1]</p>
<p>The properties which constitute<br />a good Auricula</p>
<p>The Auricula Flower, consists of a Bunch or<br />Truss of Petala by florists called Pipps sup-<br />ported by as many Pedicles, or little foot<br />stems, rising out of the top of one main<br />stalk. - The properties may<br />therefore be well distinguished, and divided<br />First Into those which respect the Pipps - 2<sup>dly</sup><br />those which respect the Bunch or Truss. and<br />3<sup>dly</sup> - those which belong to the main Stalk.</p>
<p>1<sup>st</sup>: Of the Pipps.</p>
<p>The Petals, or Pipps, of an Auricula have four<br />remarkable parts. - viz - the Disk or outer rim<br />the Eye, or inner rim. the Tube. or pipe. and the<br />Brush, or thrum, so termed in the Florists lan<br />guage but otherwise called Chives and<br />Apices, by Botanists.</p>
<p>Properties</p>
<p>[Pag 2]</p>
<p>2.</p>
<p>Properties belonging to the perfection<br />of the Pipps are.</p>
<p>First. The Disk. or rim, to be of a lively good Colour<br />such as may suddenly strike and captivate<br />the sight; for this is the foundation of <sup>all</sup> the<br />rest: it is that, which makes a flower valuable<br />at all, or to be preferred before the Grass, or<br />Foliage, of the plant. which bears it. If the<br />colours <sup>therefore</sup> make a faint, or dead appearance or<br />are of an inelegant and ordinary tinge, or<br />hue, the flower is good for nothing, even<br />tho' all its other properties are the most<br />excellent, because all the rest are not otherwise<br />of any account; but as they assist in the<br />more full & perfect display of this chief one<br />of the Colour.</p>
<p>2<sup>dly</sup> - The Colours (in all painted & brindled flowers)<br />ought to be so equally distributed over the<br />Rim or Disk, that there may be an agreeable</p>
<p>[Page 3]</p>
<p>uniformity amidst the variety; so that upon the whole<br />the sight may not be in the least offended with<br />any disproportion, or see-one side remarkably<br />of a lighter, or darker, hue than y<sup>e</sup> other.</p>
<p>3<sup>dly</sup> The out edge of the rime ought to be of a round<br />figure, or at least so near it, as that the inden-<br />-tures may bear but a small proportion to<br />the breadth of the Disk ; for when these are<br />deep and wide, and the points of the segments<br />stand in the star form, greatly divided, the<br />vacances will offend the sight with an obvius<br />deficiency and want. The case is still worse<br />in those Pipps which are subject to run out<br />into a greater breadth, on one side of the eye<br />than on the other this irregularity & disproportion<br />is very disagreeable.</p>
<p>4 - The eye (which is the Iris or Annulus that environs<br />the Tube or Pipe) ought to be formed like the<br />disk - either perfectly, or near round; and of<br />one entire clear Colour; of a strong and pure</p>
<p>[Page 4]</p>
<p>4.</p>
<p>white in all painted and brindled flowers<br />and either the same, or of a bright yellow or good<br />straw colour, in whole-coloured flowers.</p>
<p>5<sup>thly</sup>. The eye should be well defined from the Disk,<br />that is, it ought <sup>not</sup> to be mixed with, or shaded<br />into it, so as to occasion any indistinctness between<br />the edge of the one, and of the other.</p>
<p>In flowers, where these two properties of the eye<br />are imperfect, the lively contrast or opposition<br />betwixt the Rim and the Eye which otherwise<br />reciprocally shew one another off to advantage<br />is in great measure destroyed.</p>
<p>6<sup>ly</sup> the face of the whold pipp (disk, & eye) ought<br />to be so wel opened, as to lie exactly, or very<br />near flat; for when it either inclines inwards,<br />as a Martagon, both the true form of the Flower<br />and part of the colours, are thrown out of<br />sight, & the whold Truss is greatly disfigured.</p>
<p>7<sup>ly</sup> The</p>
<p>[Page 5]</p>
5
<p>7<sup>ly</sup> The Tube or Pipe should stand exactly in the<br />center of the Pipp, and be truly circular, or<br />round.</p>
<p>8<sup>ly</sup> The Tube should be well filled with Chives,<br />and their Apices, in the form of a Bush, generally<br />called the Thrum; arising even with the face<br />of the Pipp: for when only <span style="text-decoration:line-through;">the</span> the Style or<br />Pointal arises, like a pin, without being<br />encompassed, with the chives, to the same<br />hight, the flower is called pin-eyed; & shews<br />a c<sup>h</sup>asm, or vacancy, so very unpleasant to the<br />curious eye of a Florist. that such flowers tho'<br />they may otherwise have good properties, yet<br />failing in this central beauty, nothing<br />can attone for it. and they are held of very<br />small Account.</p>
<p>9<sup>ly</sup> The Thrum should be of a bright colour, and<br />the Chives, & Apices, of which it is composed,<br />clear & distinct; for when they seem clotted</p>
<p>[Page 6]</p>
<p>together or look battered or mis-shapen, or of<br />a dull colour the beauty of the flower is greatly<br />disturbed and impaired.</p>
<p>10<sup>ly</sup> The Rim the Eye and the Pipe ought all to bear<br />an agreeable proportion to one another; for<br />where any one of these is beheld either too<br />large or small with respect to the other<br />two, it will give the sight of a florest great<br />offence : thus if the Rim is too large, <span style="text-decoration:line-through;">and</span> the<br />whole Pipp will look heavy and clumsey and<br />the Eye will appear narrow and mean; if<br />the rims is too small it will looke abortive<br />and the eye monstrous: also if the Pipe is too<br />wide the Thrum cannot fill it duly, and it<br />will look vacant if the pipe be too small or<br />narrow it will seem pinched and the Thrum<br />will not have room, so that there will be an<br />apparent want of due grace, air and freedom.</p>
<p>Perhaps</p>
<p>[Page 7]</p>
<p>Perhaps the best proportion may be observed<br />where the semidiameter of the Pipe is one<br />the Breadth of the annulus of the Eye one<br />& the breadth of the Disk or Rim one & a half.</p>
<p>2<sup>ly</sup> Of the Bunch or Truss.</p>
<p>11<sup>ly</sup> It is excellent properly of an Auricula to be a<br />good Trusser; that is one which generally puts<br />forth a great number of Pipps from the main<br />stalk. for by that means the beauties of the<br />flower are vastly multiplied and make in<br />the whole a most noble & delightfull appearanc[e]</p>
<p>12<sup>ly</sup> The length of the pedicles which support the<br />Pipps in the Truss should be proportioned to<br />the number and size of the Pipps that they<br />sustain; for if the pedicles are very long &<br />the Pipps few and small there will be unsi=<br />ghtly vacances in the Truss or if they are<br />short, and the Pipps maney and large, they<br />will</p>
<p>[Page 8]</p>
<p>8</p>
<p>will be too much crowded to gether ; so that<br />neither the colours can be fully viewed nor the<br />other properties of the Pipps duly displayed.</p>
<p>13<sup>th</sup> the Pedicles should be sufficiently strong and<br />firm that they may not droop with the weight<br />of the Pipps nor fall loose and jangle in a<br />disorderly manner but support the Truss entire<br />and close without either vacancy or crowding<br />so as to form one compleat free blown flower</p>
<p>14<sup>ly</sup> The Pedicles ought to be near all of the same<br />lenght so that the pipps may stand together<br />at the like hight and form a regular Umbel<br />or rather Corymmbus which is the formal<br />perfection of the Truss.</p>
<p>15<sup>ley</sup> The Pipps should be all similar; <sup>yt is</sup> so near of<br />the same size & colour as not to be easily<br />distinguished from one another; for otherwise<br />the <span style="text-decoration:line-through;">uniformity</span> unity and Harmony of the<br />Truss will be distroyed and tho' ever so perfectly</p>
<p>[Page 9]</p>
<p>9.</p>
<p>perfectly formed, it will appear as if it were<br />made up of Pipps, taken from different<br />sorts of Ariculas.</p>
<p>16<sup>ley</sup> It is and exceeding good property of an Auricula<br />to blow freely, and expand all its pipps nearly<br />at one time; for by this means, the colours<br />in them all will appear equally fresh &<br />lively, where as in those which do not blow<br />some of their Pipps, till others have passed<br />their prime, the whole appearance of the<br />Truss falls much short of that beauty<br />which would otherwise be seen.</p>
<p>3<sup>ley</sup> Of the main Stalk.</p>
<p>17<sup>ley</sup> The Stalk, which supports the Truss, ought to<br />be streight, & sufficiently strong to bear it up<br />without drooping.</p>
<p>18<sup>ley</sup> It is an excellence of the Stalk, to be lofty as<br />as well as erect; for thereby the Truss and -</p>
<p>[Page 10]</p>
<p>and consequently the whold flower will make<br />a more stately appearance.</p>
<p>To these eighteen properties, which comple<span style="text-decoration:line-through;">a</span>te the<br />Florists idea of a beautifull Auricula ought<br />to be added the gracefull display of a good<br />plant covering the top of the flower-pot with<br />fresh verdure or foliage of luxurious growth<br />& an agreeable green colour; such as is express<br />ive of the most perfect health & vigour: this<br />vastly enriches the whole view of the flower &<br />plant taken together Moreover tho' every<br />Auricula that has the above mentioned<br />properties cannot fail of pleasing the most<br />curious & critical Florists, yet as upon one hand<br />as an Auricula may be somewhat deficient<br />in several particulars, of small consideration,<br />and yet be justly esteemed a fine and valuable<br />flower; so on the other hand it will be a farther</p>
<p>[Page 11]</p>
<p>11.</p>
<p>addition to the excellence of an Auricula,<br />which has all the properties, that it naturally<br />stands long in Bloom, & wears its colours with<br />out fading, or Alteration ; and also when<br />the flower begins to decay (as decay it must<br />like all other terrestrial beauty) if the<br />colours fade equally, slowly and gradually,<br />the Florists think it an addition to its character,<br />& is by them termed Dying-well.</p>
Original Format
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Ink on paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
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MS1977.2.13
Title
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The properties which constitute a good Auricula
Date
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[18th-century]
Subject
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Primroses
Description
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A detailed account of the properties which make for a good auricula. The text is taken from an entry in John Dicks's <em>A New Gardener's Dictionary ...</em> London : 1769.