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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource This collection consists of issues of The Virginia Gazette printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Virginia Gazette Number 1189, July 21, 1774 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Purdie and Dixon Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1774-07-21 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SCNP2023.12 Language A language of the resource English Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Purdie and Dixon, printer Extent The size or duration of the resource. [4] pages ; 45.2 x 28.1 cm Description An account of the resource Rockefeller Library copy torn affecting the text in the lower outer corner of pages [3]-[4]. https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/f90c05d67472350094ee866b413045dd.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=eD2T9dyw8ypaZyS2pmCsIO4nXI%7ErjIBaJbfwZNlrf%7E-reyIGEOKShrX8C9AcTm6VcXo5fqazZ-XWV25Dlopv1OrSirx7zdFh48pDWbDEdU59UUp6TG0t9gB1IzgcC4mi6-OYKY9-nN2woJmk%7E%7EZJmNnM7bl1wZj7usu35F4%7EeCMyrzg2Q5k1QJkKSqeaAMcPh-lo%7EcQAwNwnSquVnndaJ%7ENKgqWg9SN8U6D7IJSqyiuA-SexdHqKVtFu%7Ef1bx32CiBY1boUc9bEng9ig0rwGV2SkjT01reDGU9d8XLSyA7TwySsjie94ocugmWCmEvmiUVKaQLetA37vhIdVDTSDog__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM cb9f65ab2100d00f71ba18c0b82a8f05 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/1f54e3f916ceb6a811fee6ac4afeaea5.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=fwkmIrjzy4BKaz1LhoJ3VESvqEK3mdTOWsvIMxye8Ae2AYmQ%7ERpdI%7EFLJjuiIDU2jWSG5j%7EFIBUgqEhbzj9yNZqFGwLGLlQQbIZp3sFO%7EVzqfglOU6ei3ix3%7Et6banKWiYZTithlqJs8Xs28pIjo4idmtWSFzfSR1fv2pTXN-hq5omF%7EuKoCB7K2SHHaicwbCnitUIPrtvPUGd3q%7E8D369hJRPchGL0Tmmru7XTsz2lmG-oQL%7EGDeV3q6RWteBqwHP4IN5SfETXIsqtu%7E4Yi7PNxWnjWtR9jMjHh9y4HSuE7-mgbYqX%7Eq0JmyoBXXI-PtuIe4ZtHqGRA4UTmXVx%7ENA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 76e77cdf2649bc27db7e1ae69058a9bd https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/fb114be44e61bdc50fe9248fb0302957.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=cjl3vqYc-q3yShqSNuJaa3BC8eUmvqf-aZ3nHVtZE8Ek9Sih5XBPiHi2TZaOfW0g6Rgzc05WpRVMAzVJlXSgoYZKNKXfSnbtRfC64sJXsCkV%7EIoo67XwAExIpDRc9mwILNTODz5xFheSM3evaiU4BCq37GrnX8Etzr52pANExaq0FOOFQfNOIT-Tp9Zi5ojfbhidhrvlC0cbBO0prR-rFTZMssDt8ErMF6yfxfL5elAtCipZSCmZvcJdEuXZTLwCDFij4Tz5LyRaRSTCW-IVNmkq66vRS55ziemU2VhVr5GU4qsETZd4hOqvEPbpqhq5NP11PTdYMomPiunoHTVRkg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 0ee68a04416c615a9e60a7a6fd1b6b85 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/6c7849cc20ca59b03574666f8a8d16eb.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=d17KWJNlSkk3%7EnLiKNPI-O3CqxL6vAK8fRDQjPWxuwx%7E3krAorvsG9O1BlXD9IxmlkvU3srzLa1QQ2Pwi43lcDgEnrikuE9aODdQv-cii66hQ5umPNmDAHeRNE604xMkJsjEZDr9OErVOh4rssBs0kdsafxNaPxT3coRkOAyBKHa%7E5bXBKPBqfKwrEVG1TFwGtZfcYq-DSc1K3KcBHyaTs04nlX%7EZaJF%7EBAzX7RHDqMrPiwhiWrpmNJKRwgDJNjcZ3BcoI3cK6F63Gafy6ZXJBNpRs75e59qMc-toBHhPGEX7Ftsh%7ECaJZokg3XnUki1o9W2wbdHlly9Q4eAyH36pw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 6da6362fa544b51c85cf816eb248633c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource This collection consists of issues of The Virginia Gazette printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document <h5>Page 1</h5> VIRGINIA GAZETTE OR, NORFOLK INTELLIGENCER, DO THOU Great Liberty! inspire our Souls.---And make our Lives, in THY Possession happy,---On our Deaths GLORIOUS in THY JUST Defence! July 21st. 1774. (No. 7.) <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 1</h6> To the Printer of the NORFOLK INTELLIGENCER. SIR, WHEN I first ventured to trouble you with my observations of Columbus, who ap- peared a cold and dispassionate writer, it was my intention to have animadverted on the whole his performance; and as he was unknown, a greater freedom and bold- ness of stile was both allowable and proper. Divided censure falls light, and in this case fastens on the principles, not the man; even an enemy to one’s country, while concealed, may venture among its friends undismayed; point out his person, and you proclaim him a monster; his assertions altho’ doubtful are often construed as decisive, and his just observations re- ceived with suspicion. Columbus, when discovered, could not there- fore stand on the same ground with a fictitious writer: my intended publications were supprest, and he should never more have been dis- turbed for his notions, had not his last production compelled me to resume my pen.---A warm attachment to our native country is a happy cement, that gives stability, strength and beauty to the poli- tical fabric: a rash indiseriminate zeal for it, like untampered more- tar, weakens and deforms; and in colonies like ours a blind prepo- session in favor of the parent state, does almost always take place in the breasts, of the emigrants, and often is the occasion of much mis- chief. Columbus I knew had something of this prejudice, but I trusted his candor was so great, that when he saw, he would not de- ny the discordancy of his notions. I find however I was mistaken. Disputes between writers are always disagreeable to the public, and are very frequently past over without a reading. The passions of the disputants often become roused, and the contest is no longer for truth but victory. I hope however a cool and short re-examination of Columbus will not be deemed too great an imposition on the good nature of the public, for after a careful perusal of his first public- tions, I find no reason to alter my opinion either of the merits of the author or his cause. Columbus is exceeding loth to believe that the Philadelphians e- ver thanked the people of Boston for their spirited conduct in de- stroying the tea, and threatens that “if this be truth” he will ”conclude them to be indeed the verist and most inconsistent ”rogues upon earth.” Dreadful as his conclusions are, he will find it to be a “truth” however, which they published to the world in the most public manner in their resolves about the time of the arri- val of their tea ship, which I would recommend to his perusal. As to the New Yorkers, the distinction in their favor which he makes between their conduct and the Bostonians is truly frivolous. Cap- tain Chambers, he says, was punished, “because he persisted in a ”notorious falsehood; for he was repeatedly assured that he was at ”liberty to carry what tea he had on board back to England.” And was not that more strongly the case at Boston? Did not the governor, the consignees, the captains and owners of the ships, most> cruelly tantalize and insult the anxiety of the people with the most ”notorious falsehoods” for NINETEEN days together, till the tea was on the point of being seized? Were not the captains, not only ”repeatedly assured that they were at liberty” to return but most earnestly entreated “to carry what tea they had on board back to England?” And when it was found that all would not prevail, why they acted the same part the New-Yorkers did a little while after, with this difference however that the New-Yorkers were much more open and hasty, for they allowed but a very short time for the re- turn of the tea; the Bostonians gave as long time as the act would permit. The New-Yorkers destroyed it publicly and in open day; the Bostonians, disguised and in the dusk of night. And yet for- sooth Columbus cannot believe that there is one “honest man” that justifies the Bostonians in destroying the tea?” There must doubtless have been a dearth of exceptionable passa- ges in Vindex, to reduce Columbus to the sorry expedient of fra- ming chimerical paradoxes for him to reconcile, and by a round of interrogatories hint sentiments as his, that are just as applicable as the luxurious epithet of a land of “milk and honey” is to the ”native soil” of Columbus. It was that hasty compliment to the Bostonians, which had unwarily escaped him, that has reduced him to these disagreeable subterfuges, and hath cost him much cogitate- on deep and thought profound to reconcile the enthusiastic attach- ment he at first professes, with that truly parliamentary rancor he afterwards avows towards those suffering sons of freedom. At length however, he has taken shelter under a groundless charge against Vin- dex of altering his sense by misquotation; a charge I know I do not deserve and would wish most studiously to avoid. A manoeuvre of this kind was by no means necessary for my purpose: the contra- riety of the sentiments of Columbus was a stale observation even a- mong his friends, long before I had any thought of writing on the subject, and a careful perusal of his performance will still furnish the critical reader with a strange series of absurdities that were merciful- ly passed over unnoticed.---One sentence it seems he has produced as a proof of my mispresentation: Unfortunately for him however, exa- mine it which way we will it is the same obstinate contradiction.” The people of Boston” says he, “HOWEVER REPREHENSIBLE for the ”mode of opposition, are, for the generous love of freedom which ”inspired it, entitled to our warmest and most strenuous assistance.” Here is a violent Bostonian. “Yet,” says he, “we should only ”assist them while they act on legal principles; wherefore until they have repaired the injuries they have committed, they OUGHT ”NOT to be COUNTENANCED by a free and hones people.” Here again, he is a violent anti-Bostonian. In this sentence, if they act ILLEGALLY they ought not to be COUNTENANCED: in the other, if they act EVER SO REPREHENSIBLY they are a noble set of heroes “ in- ”spired” by a “generous love of freedom:” in another, they are a “turbulent people,” who will not “satisfy the demands of jus- tice” for “the injuries they have committed,” but must be “com- pelled” to it by “the highest act of despotism, that this or any former age can produce.” In one place he thinks the punishment extended beyond the necessary limits;” in another he is for exten ding it still farther, and “compelling them “to discharge the EX- PENCES of the ARMAMENT till the time of their paying for the tea. At one time, “this law is violent and arbitrary,” a high </div> <div class="column"> <h6>Column 2</h6> despotic act that has “put an end to every thing at Boston,” and at another, it is “a mode of punishment he approves,” and defies us to point “out a MORE LEGAL way of levying the damages on ”The Bostonians.”---But I sicken at the nauseous repetition of the absurdities of this writer, who seems to have forgot the very max- ims of his own profession, and insists that ”the Bostonians ought ”as much in justice” to satisfy all costs and damages when called upon in a despotic manner, “as when called “before “a legal tri- ”bunal.”____How audacious is the reflection he casts upon the re- spectable and powerful colony of the Massachusetts Bay, that there is no other mode of obtaining justice “among them, than by ”the highest acts of despotism.” Does he wish to reduce that loy- al colony to the same level with Scotland, when in the year forty five it was found absolutely necessary to pass a law for trying the Scotch rebels in England? Shall a country that on all occasions have watched opportunities of expressing their attachment to their sove- reign, be viewed with the same eye or treated in the same manner as the avowed enemies to his crown! The comparison would do discredit to the candor of Columbus. And yet forsooth we are ask- ed, by” what more legal way the damages could have been levied.” Have the Bostonians no courts of justice among them! Was there no legislative body to apply to! Does not Captain Preston live the grateful witness of the impartiality of their juries! and is not that ample satisfaction that was made to the sufferers in the time of the stamp act, an everlasting proof of the forgiving generosity of a Mas- sachusetts assembly! I blush for the hardness of some men’s hearts, who wilfully shut their eyes to the true constitutional forms of jus- tice and wantonly prefer a most horrid act of barbarous policy, which has plunged thousands into the extremes of hunger and po- verty, whose cries are daily ascending to the throne of an avenging Ruler, who declared HE would have spared a city had there been TEN righteous ones it. While I live may my soul bear in re- membrance these mercies of our mother-country, which I fear are but the fore-runners of those calamities, which may one day make her rejoice to get under the shelter of the growing majesty of this mighty continent!---- Columbus, like a defeated Sovereign, who ravages his own domi- nions to stop the pursuit of the enemy, will rather make himself absurd than allow me to be consistent; and while he asserts the blockade of Boston to be a more LEGAL mode “of redress than any other and a mode he approves, “he still insists it was not legal at all, but is an “illegal stride of British despotism.” But in the name of common sense what signifies trifling and disputing about words! If the act of Parliament is not legal, it if is a most despotic act, why will Columbus urge the Americans to submit to it?* Because a number of people nobody knows who, a disguised mob, under- take to destroy an article of most dangerous tendency forcibly sent and kept among them, shall the supreme legislative body of a mighty nation debate itself into a turbulent assembly of ranting tyrants, who insolently brandish their swords over the heads of as brave a people as the sun beholds; who exercise their power in shameful deeds of cruelty, and delight themselves in “the highest acts of despotism.” My heart aches when I read the speeches in parliament to think of the misfortunes they are entailing upon the connexions and depen- dencies of this once happy isle, whose power has always run colla- teral with her commerce, and whose principal care it should be to cherish the affections and confidence of this grand American mart for all her wares. Columbus takes much offence at the reiterated use of the word tribunal; and while he acknowledges the danger of such a court over us as the British Parliament, still insists “that the particular act relative to Boston never can affect us;” for no other reason that I can see than because it does not shut up the capes of Virginia, nor blockade the harbor of Norfolk. Let us apply this quibbling mode of reasoning to other acts, and how childish it will appear, “The particular act” for suspending the legislature of New-York, did not suspend ours, and therefore “never can affect us! The particular act” for destroying the constitution of the Massachussetts Bay does not alter ours, therefore this act can never affect us. “The particular act that subjects the inhabitants of that province to be removed for trial to England, does not take place in Virginia, and surely this can never affect us: and yet Columbus will tell you that whenever ”we shall be guilty of a similar offence, we may meet with a similar ”chastisement, because were we EQUALLY CULPABLE, we should ”be EQUALLY AMENABLE, to the same Law.” Strange fondness for absurdity indeed! To adduce as a proof of its innocence the very reason why we shudder at our danger; when every act abovementi- oned as well as several others that might be taken notice of, are so many pillars to support and establish that dreadful tribunal, which it is the labor of modern British policy to erect over the lives, liberty and property of all America: a tribunal that assumes and unites powers, declared by Columbus himself to be “diametrically repug- ”nant to the British system, and which admits of no liberty; and ”therefore form the very nature of its constitution all its decisions ”must be violent, arbitrary and ruinous infractions of our sacred ”rights.” Yet Columbus wonders “from whence I collected this novel doctrine,” altho’ it is a doctrine of his own. But the truth is, by mutilating, transposing and adding to the sentence, he has trans- ferred epithets to the exercise of parliamentary power in England, which Vindex had confined solely to American; as well might al- ledge that because we are unwilling that the COLONIES should be taxed by parliament, we are also unwilling that GREAT-BRITAIN should be subject to their taxation. I am sorry to say the sentence was so explicit that nothing less than wilful misconstruction could have perverted it. What are the real sentiments of Columbus it is difficult to discover; who at times by a happy versatility of genius, is a zealot for submission to parliamentary oppression and yet an e- nemy to parliamentary taxation: who talks of “respect to his So- vereign,” and yet speaks of his Sovereign’s court as he would do of the court of the Devil, where the man that can easily change the nature of virtue and viced, he says, “will be sure to meet with a warm reception: “who declares he is unwilling to com bine the Thistle and the Rose: and seems an enemy to the Union, altho’ it is that combination alone, that UNION of the two kingdoms , which gives to his countrymen their only right to the goodly pickings of this country, the savory smell of whose delicacies has tempted o- ver so many sons of that land of “milk and honey” to taste thereof . I now take my leave of Columbus, whose principles appear so </div> <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> vague, heterogenous and desultory; and give him this assurance that warmly attached as I am to the liberties of mankind in general and of America in particular, I boast in my defence from a Briton I respect the name, and should for ever glory in a permanent indis- soluable union of affections, interests and government with that pa- ragon of political liberty, and seat of happiness and science, the island of Great-Britain. I rejoice to find the hands and hearts of many of her virtuous sons active and zealous in our cause. They or their children shall share an ample reward, when Britain shall be but the Hanover of America: their services shall meet with a grateful remembrance at that hastening period, foretold by a pretty writer, when the first monarch of the world on ascending his throne shall declare with exulting joy, “Born and educated amongst you I glory in the name of an AMERICAN!” I beg pardon, Mr. Printer, behold the blundering terrific Candidus appears, Who roars so loud and looks so wondrous grim, His very shadow dares not follow him! Rifum teneatis amici! PRINCESS ANNE July 18th 1774 Vindex To the PRINTER of the NORFOLK INTELLIGENCER, SIR, THE various interests of contending parties cannot be reco nciled by scenes of clamour and faction; therefore men who attempt to guide the public opinion should free themselves from party predjudice, and endeavour both in their writings and discourse the character of moderate and honest men: The impudence of one writer has drawn upon himself the severest invectives; let his be a warning to him for the future, and all may be well; yet if we consi- der he was struggling for his country, a moderate mind might ex tenuate his faults and commend his laudable zeal in favour of his compatriots. Republican principles are essential to our ideas of freedom, they warm, enliven and inflame us. Our adopting them is the only consistent notion we have to preserve the public safety, If Britain steeled by the firmest bonds of public virtue, has awed the greatest potentates of Europe; if the noblest principles which actu ate the mind are there purified with strict fidelity, will they not shudder at the disgrace of neglecting her offspring; confirm her wealth, support her strength and grandeur, by a timely coalition with their free and loyal, tho’ unhappy sons. However, Sir, Vin- dex seems to have been roughly handled by his antagonists. Yet as you have in part adopted that judicious mechanism, which is re- quired to recommend your Paper to esteem, you should endeavour to preserve a proper equilibrium by a happy contrast of the pieces of- fered for your inspection. Come to the charge ye lukewarm patri ots; the copious energy of the Englishmen bids us defiance; the cruel Candidus has thrown off the mask; Columbus harasses us in the rear; These are the dangerous three who wound us incessantly; who think they have a right to employ their talents to the basest purposes, who would have a misrepresentation of facts considered as the offspring of a deep and happy view of reflection. They have divided us ‘tis true, and are administering a violent remedy to cure our discontents; but I hope at the ensuing congress methods will be taken to appease the minds of the people, and restore the wonted harmony of the colonies; and that this may be done confidently with that loyal respect which is always due to lawful government, is the constant wish of BENEVOLUS. TO the Printer of the NORFOLK INTELLIGENCER. To the MILITIA OFFICERS in PRINCESS ANNE COUNTY. GENTLEMEN, I HAVE undoubted authority to assure you, that Colonel E. H. M. has superseded some particular officers who expected promotion in their turn, and has bestow’d the most respectable com- missions on men who at that time possessed no rank. This tho’ perhaps an oversight in him, has disgusted many gentlemen of sense and spirit, who will, I hope, decline acting under officers who have been rather unfairly introduced into our valuable corps; a gentle- man has been passed over who is universally admired for his know- ledge of discipline, and this must be your own case on a future pro- motion, should the system at present adopted continue: You well know his Lordship has been petitioned on this occasion, but he thinks the rotation was regular; let us therefore endeavour to con- vince his Excellence by a preservation of harmony among ourselves how much we are friends to order, and enemies to strife; and we may perhaps be yet happy enough to obtain satisfaction in a future address, if we cannot succeed, let me earnestly beg you who are still employed, to throw up your commissions and retire; it is the only method you can pursue to confirm that reputation you have long since acquired. In fine, I could with that among those who have condescended to receive commissions, they may never be able to rank men; whose zeal for liberty rules above faction; and who sooner than promote contention by their preference, would yield all thoughts of rank and appease their minds for the future in a happy and a- greeable solitude: that you may coincide with me in my opinion, is the fervent wish of A LIBERTINE. On Saturday last, the following address from the merchants and freeholders of the town of Salem, was presented to his Excellen- cy Governor Gage, viz. May it please your Excellency, WE, who are merchants and freeholders in the town of Salem, beg leave to present you our dutiful respects on your ap- pointment to the government of this province. The universal tribute of thanks and applause paid you for the wisdom, mildness, and ex- act regularity of your conduct in another command, cannot fail to excite the most just expectations that this province will enjoy the happy fruits of your benignity. We are deeply affected with a sense of our public calamities; but the miseries that are now rapidly hastening on our Brethren in the capital of the province greatly excite our commiseration; and we hope our Excellency will use your endeavours to prevent a further accumulation of evils on that already sorely distressed people. </div> <h5>Page 2</h5> <div class="”column”"> By shutting up the port of Boston, some imagine that the course of trade might be turned hither, and to our benefit; but nature, in the formation of our harbour, forbids our becoming rivals in com- merce to that convenient mart. And were it otherwise, ---we must be dead to every idea of justice---lost to all the feelings of humanity, ---could we indulge one thought to seize on wealth, and raise our fortunes on the ruin of our suffering neighbors. But so far from receiving a benefit, we are greatly injured by the shutting up the har- bour of Boston, as it deprives us of a market for much the largest part of our West-India imports; and there is not a town in the pro- vince but will feel the ill effects of it. Permit us then, Sir, to ap- ply to your clemency and justice to afford us every alleviation in your power, and to procure for us every possible relief, from this extensive mischief. We account it the greatest unhappiness that this province, which has ever been foremost in loyalty to the Kings of Britain---in its ef- forts to defend their territories and enlarge their dominions---should be the first to feel our Sovereign’s displeasure. Our fathers fled from oppression, braved every danger, and here began a settlement on bare creation.---Almost incredible are the fatigues and difficulties they encountered to subdue a dreary wilderness filled with savage beasts, and yet more savage men: but by their invincible resolution they rose superior to them all; and by their astonishing efforts greatly fa- cilitated the settlement of the other British colonies in America. Yet, Sir, we speak it with grief, the sons are checked and dishonoured for exhibiting proofs of their inheriting some portion of that spirit which in their fathers produced such astonishing effects. A happy union with Great-Britain, is the wish of the colonies. ’Tis their unspeakable grief that it is has in any degree been interrup- ted, We earnestly desire to repair the breach. We ardently pray that harmony may be restored. And for these ends every measure, compatible with the dignity and safety of British subjects, we shall gladly adopt. We assure your Excellency we shall make it our constant endea- vour to preserve the peace and promote the welfare of the province; and hereby we shall best advance the interest of our Sovereign. In these times the administration of government must be peculi- arly arduous and difficult; but yours we wish may be as easy as the nature of things will possibly admit, and the event happy; and that your public labours may be crowned with the noblest reward---the voluntary, disinterested applause of a whole free people. [This address was signed by 125 persons.] HIS EXCELLENCY’S ANSWER. Gentlemen, I Thank you for the obliging expressions towards me, contained in your address; and be assured, it will always afford me sin- gular pleasure to be useful to the inhabitants of this town, or any individuals in the province. I feel, as well as you the inconveniencies that the inhabitants must suffer from shutting up the port of Boston; and should be gladly they would co-operate with my endeavours to extricate themselves from them, but without their assistance, I can take no step towards their relief; I am sorry that the people of that capital should have given such repeated provocation to the King and the British nation, as to force them to take the present measures in support of their au- thority. Great-Britain is equally desirous as yourselves, of a hap- py union with this, as well as every other colony, and inheriting the spirit of her ancestors, finds it necessary to support her rights, as the supreme head of her extended empire: she strives not to check that spirit which you say you inherit from your fathers, but to inculcate that due obedience to the King in his Parliament, which your fathers acknowledged. Salem, June 18, 1774. T. GAGE. A Falmouth Correspondent desired us to insert the following. Mr. Fowld, THE Patriotic inhabitants of the town of Boston, notwith- standing the fears of some faint-hearted Whigs, or the wishes of ill-minded Tories, are yet in good Spirits. They are determin- ed to bear the several miseries of human nature, rather than be frightened to an abject compliance to the late cruel edict of a British Parliament: But their humane and benevolent brethren of the other Colonies, seem each to take a pleasure in being foremost, to offer them their generous Assistance---The Philadelphians are going to send them 1500 barrels of Flour, and Connecticut 2 or 3 Sloop loads of Wheat, and several of the towns in their own pro- vince are cheerfully contributing for the support of their Poor. Last Friday they had a general town-meeting; I attended it; and I assure you I never saw any public proceeding conducted with such order, moderation, fairness and unanimity, truly becoming a wife, spirited and steady People.-----The Tories, who I was told ex- pected to discover some unfairness in the conduct of the committee of correspondence, and who intended to exert themselves for their own views, were all hushed to silence, by the energy and dignity of their debates; and I believe even Lord N___h, himself would have been aw’d into admiration, were he to be present at so venerable an Assembly. They assumed not to themselves, any proposals of relief, but agreed to submit their cause to a general Congress, which is to be held at Philadelphia, on the first of September next. An union in the colonies seems remarkably to be taking place, each looks upon the town of Boston as suffering for the common cause, and I doubt not, but he who has the disposal of all events, will in due time cause the bud of prosperity to bloom forth throughout all the smiling gardens of American Liberty. July 22, 1774. We hear that the Superior Court last week held at Plymouth, in this Province, Charles Newton, was tried and convicted for forgery, and sentenced to have one of his Ears cut off, and be set in the Pillory; which sentence was inflicted on him the next day. This is the first superior court ever held in that county.---We do not hear of any other remarkable case being brought before them. Portsmouth, Caseo Bay, June 22, 1774. NEW PORT, Jnne 20. Last Monday, the General -Assembly of this Colony met at the Court-House in this town, and on Wednesday both Houses came into the following RESOLVES, which passed un- animously, except one, to which there were only two or three dissentients. THIS Assembly taking into the most serious consideration several acts of the British Parliament, for levying taxes upon his Majesty’s subjects in America, without their consent, and par- ticularly an act lately passed for blocking up the port of Boston, which act even upon supposition that the people of Boston had just- ly deserved punishment, is scarcely to be paralleled in history, for the severity of the vengeance executed upon them; and also con- sidering to what a deplorable state this and all the other colonies are reduced, when, by an act of Parliament, in which the subjects of America have not a single voice, and without being heard they may be divested of property, and deprived of liberty, do upon ma- ture deliberation, RESOLVE. 1. That it is the opinion of this Assembly, that a firm and in- violable union of all the colonies and measures, is ab- solutlely necessary for the preservation of their rights and liberties; and that, for that purpose, a Committee of representatives from all the colonies ought to be holden, and in some suitable place, as soon as may be, in order to consult upon proper measures to obtain a repeal of said acts, and to establish the rights and liberties of the colonies upon a just and solid foundation. 2. That the honourable Stephen Hopkins, and the honourable Samuel Ward, Esquires; be, and they are hereby appointed by this Assembly, to represent this colony, in a general Congress of representatives from the other colonies, at such time and place as shall be agreed upon by the major part of the com- </div> <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 2</h6> mittees appointed or to be appointed, by the colonies in general. 3. That they consult and advise with the representatives of the other colonies, who shall meet in such congress, upon a loyal and dutiful petition and remonstrance, to be presented to his Majesty, as the united voice of his faithful subjects in America, setting forth the grievances they labour under, and praying his gracious in- terposition for their relief. And that in case a major part of the representatives of all the colonies shall agree upon such petition and remonstrance, they be empowered to sign the same in behalf of this colony. 4. That they also consult and advise upon all such reasonable and lawful measures, as may be expedient for the colonies, in an united manner, to pursue, in order to procure a redress of their grievances, and to ascertain and to establish their rights and liberties. 5. That they also endeavour to procure a regular annual con- vention of representatives from all the colonies, to consider of pro- per means for the preservation of the rights and liberties of the colonies. 6. That the Speaker of the Lower House transmit, as soon as may be, copies of these resolutions to the present or late Speak- ers of the respective houses of representatives of all the British colonies upon the continent. The Hon. General Assembly of this colony at their session last week, taking into consideration the distressed state of the peo- ple of Boston in particular, of the province of the Massachusett’s- Bay in general, and the evils which all the British colonies in North America are threatened with, ordered Thursday the 30th of this month to be observed as a day of fasting, humiliation and prayer throughout the colony; and also resolved that they have the most tender commiseration for the poor of Boston, and will at a future session, cheerfully contribute toward their support, as their necessities may require, and the abilities of the colony will afford.---They adjourned to the fourth Monday in August. A Merchant in one of our sea ports, who has 5000l. sterling iu London, which was to be remitted him in the British manufactures, has now ordered the same to be sent him in money; many others are doing the same.—The Boston port bill is certainly as anti-com- mercial as it is anti-charteral and inhumane. The Solemn League and Covenant for a non consumption of British merchandise is an ax to the root of the tree; by coming in- to it we establish our own manufactures, save our money, and fi- nally save our country from the destruction that threatens it. From the LONDON GAZETTEER. QUERIES, to be answered by those who are for violent Measures with the Colonies. CAN it be denied, that the original design of taxing the un- represented Colonies, was to procure a set of new places, and posts for the ministerial tools, and to increase the power of the Court? 2. Can it be denied, that the people of the Mother Country are interested to prevent if possible, whatever may increase the power of the Court, or may throw more of the public money into the hands of the Ministry, as we see the use to which they put the public money never is the public good (as lessening the national debt, &c.) and that the use they make of their increased power is always against the public interest. 3. Can it be denied, that our Colonies have been of great advan- tage to us, insomuch that we owe to them almost the whole of our power, greatness, and riches? 4. Can it be denied that our trade with our Colonies has from age to age been increasing; and that the Colonists never gave us cause to complain of them on the score of bad payments, till we disabled them from paying their debts, by hindering their trade with the Spaniards in America? And farther. 5. Can it be denied, that we have given the Colonists great cause to complain of us, even before the late desperate measures of tax- ing them with representation: emptying our jails upon them, and by hampering their trade with our regulations, which are many of them needless, impolitic, and severe? Above all, 6. Can it be denied, that we have used them worse than Ireland and Wales and (which are conquered countries) and Scotland, which has so often disturbed us by its insurrections and rebellions? For we allow the Scotch and Welsh representation in our Parliament; and to Ireland we leave the liberty of taxing themselves, to make up for their want of representation in our Parliament; at the same time we lay heavy taxes upon our Colonies, allowing no represen- tation, nor any constitutional means of informing our House of Commons of their inability to bear taxes; for the Commons re- ceive no Petitions upon Money bills, as every place in the Mother- Country is supposed to have Members in the House. 7. Can it be denied, that taxation, without representation, is the most perfect injustice; as it deprives a people of their property, without their consent given, either in person or by representation? 8. Can it be denied, that such treatment of our Colonists was a sufficient cause for engaging them to the utmost pitch; and when a people are so enraged, what can be expected from them but irregu- lar and unjustifiable behaviour? 9. Can it be denied, that our insisting upon the obedience of the Colonies to our rash and unjust laws, naturally tends to widen the breach, and to lessen the trade between them and us, already cruel- ly diminished by our bad treatment of them? 10. Can it be denied, that the diminution of our trade with the Colonies must occasion a deficiency in our finances; and how are we to pay our dividends to the public creditors, if our finances fall short; and what is likely to be the consequence, when some thousands of individuals come to find themselves, through the wickedness of our Ministers, reduced to unsurmountable straits and difficulties by a reduction of their income to perhaps one half of what they are at present? How shall our Statesmen then secure themselves from the vengeance of the enraged people? CAVEAT. June 20. Most of the stores on the Long-Wharf are now shut up; hundreds of the poor are out of employ, and many who lived gen- teely will soon be reduced to the Last Shilling. Yet under these unhappy circumstances, people in general have that fortitude which did honour to the ancient Romans. “Undaunted by Tyrants, we’ll die or be free.” Tuesday last the 4th, our King’s own, regiment landed from on board the transports, lying at the Long-Wharf, and marched to the Common, where they are encamped. Yesterday the 43d regiment landed on the Long-Wharf, and are now encamped on the Common. We are informed that the 5th and 38th regiments are hourly ex- pected to arrive here. June 20th, Last Tuesday evening the committee of correspondence received the following subscription from our sympathising bre- thren of Marblehead, signed by twenty eight principal merchants and traders in that port. WE the subscribers, merchants and traders of Marblehead, do hereby offer to our oppressed, but much respected brethren of Boston, and other neighboring towns thereof, during the ope- ration of the act of parliament called the port-bill, the free use of our stores in this town, reserving only sufficient room for our goods and merchandise. We likewise assure them of our readiness in see- ing to the lading and unlading of their goods in this town, and shall consider ourselves obliged to them for every opportunity of thus saving them expence, and shewing how much we sympathise with and respect them. We confidently depend on their patience and resolution, the known characteristicks of Bostonians, and their neighbours; and hope soon to see them relieved from their distress, and the liberties of America fonnded on a permanent basis, by an indissoluble union. Marblehead, June 7, 1774. </div> <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> N. B. Such of us as have wharves do likewise heartily and freely give the use of them to our brethren aforesaid for landing their goods and merchandise in this place. EXTRACT of a Letter form BOSTON, dated the 19th Instant. On our return from Salem, our rejoicing was full on the inte- resting advice we received from all Quarters---Those worthy mem- bers of society, the tradesmen, we depend on, under God, to form the resolutions of the other ranks of citizens in Philadelphia and New-York. They certainly carry all before them here! The Yeo- manry in our country towns, are another effectual support—A Covenant is handing about among them, and signed by thousands, not to purchase any British manufactures imported after the 31st of August next. This will insure a non importation in this province, whether the merchants are pleased to come into it or not: How- ever there seems to be no disposition at all in the body of the trade here, to counteract the minds of the Countrymen. The last has been an important week with us. The tools of power suspecting things were not going to their minds in the gene- ral Court, endeavoured to influence the City to come into some measures for the payment of the tea. They had cabal after cabal, and conceited they had extended their influence so far, that one of the most plausible of them in a meeting of the tradesmen, held last Wednesday, ventured to recommend the measure to their con- sideration. Some smart altercation ensued, and it clearly appear- ed that, it was almost an unanimous sentiment to suffer the last ex- tremities of oppression, rather than the least shadow of concession should be extorted from them. Still more averse were they to ma- king any proposals to their oppressors. On Friday, came on the adjourned town meeting, which was attended by such numbers, that the Hall could not hold them, when to anticipate every pre- tence of a willingness in the people to pay for the tea, it was obser- ved, that as that scheme had been much recommended both by speaking and writing, it was therefore requested, that if any gentle- man had any thing to offer on the subject, he would speak freely, that a matter of such Importance might be fairly discussed in pre- sence of the general Body of the people. But not a man ventu- red to appear, in defence of Propositions fit only to be whispered in a conclave of Addressers, composed by despicable and interested Persons –tho’ there were among them, a few Persons deserving of better company, who had been unhappily drawn in to side with them. Thus administration, notwithstanding the terror of the fleets and armies already investing us, and hourly expected, have the morti- fication to find, that in neither the general Assembly of the pro- vince, nor this general meeting of the capital, not so much as a single symptom of inclination appeared, of complying with their de- mand, tho’ enforced with a distressing Blockade. I was Yesterday informed that our Attorney General, who is al- so judge of the admiralty for Nova Scotia, and a notable instru- ment of the British administration, was a few days past at Salem, flattering the members on whom he could hope to make any impres- sion with the advantage of making a Concession, even the least, re- specting the payment for the tea; and it is said that the ministerial party are now talking of a private subscription for that purpose. If they choose to do so silly a thing, we cannot help it, but it cer- tainly will be but a poor triumph to the minister, if he may even be enabled to pretend that a few of his own tools have lent names to prevent his defeat. I am credibly informed, the soldiers desert in considerable num- bers. Eighty have left the regiment at the castle, and a schooner sent up into one of our rivers, has lost all her hands. Two soldiers, of the new Comers, have gone off, the officers are in great perplexi- ty how to proceed with them. They say should they send privates after them, it would be sending the hatchet after the helve; and should they go themselves, and even come up with them, they might certainly expect a rescue.--- There was to be a meeting of the inhabitants of the county of Morris, at Morris-Town, in New Jersey, on Monday last. We hear from Suffolk county, Long Island, that on Friday last, the 24 inst. the Committees of the several towns in that county, were to meet, in order to choose Deputies to attend a provincial Convention in this city. On Saturday last there was numerous meeting of the Freeholders of the county of Bergen, in New Jersey, when they entered into resolutions similar to those passed by the town of Newark. And the town of Freehold, in the county of Monmouth, in New Jer- sey, has also passed the like resolutions, but neither of them are yet come to hand. June 24, The Committee of Correspondence for this town have just received the following notification from their patriotic and tru- ly disinterested Friends and Brethren of Marblehead, who are there- by entitled to the unfeigned thanks of every one who regards the Interest of his country, and wishes to promote the Harmony and friendly intercourse so important at this critical Juncture. NOTIFICATION. TO the Merchants, Traders, and Inhabitants of Boston, and the towns thereto adjacent, whose Interest is affected by the detested port bill, are hereby notified, that provision is made by sun- dry Merchants and Traders of this town, for saving them the ex- pence of storage, wharfage, and commissions, in case of their lan- ding or vending goods here, during the continuance of the oppres- sive act mentioned; and they are desired to be at no expence on these Accounts, but to apply to the committee of correspondence of this place, who will esteem such application friendly, and accor- dingly to desire of many of the trade here, who will shew them sui- table accommodations for the purposed mentioned. Marblehead, June 23, 1774. We hear Admiral Graves, in a first rate man of war, and 4 others, arrived at Boston last Friday or Saturday. BOSTON, JUNE 30. Province of the Massachusetts-Bay. By the GOVERNOR, A PROCLAMATION, For discouraging certain illegal combinations. Whereas certain persons, calling themselves a Committee of Correspondence for the town of Boston, have lately presu- med or cause to be made, a certain unlawful instrument, purporting A Solemn League and Covenant, intended to be signed by the inha- bitants of this province; whereby they are most solemnly to cove- nant and engage, to suspend all intercourse with the island of Great Britain, until certain acts of the British Parliament shall be repealed: and whereas printed copies of the said unlawful printed instrument have been transmitted by the aforesaid committee of correspondence, so called, to the several towns in this province, accompanied with a scandalous, traitorous, seditious letter, calculated to inflame the minds of the people, to disturb them with ill-grounded fears and jealousies, and to excite them to enter into an unwarrantable, hostile, traitorous combination, to distress the British nation, by interrup- ting, obstructing, and destroying her trade with the colonies, con- trary to their allegiance due to the King; and to the form and ef- fect of divers statues made for securing, encouraging, protecting and regulating the said trade; and destructive of the lawful authority of the British parliament, and of the peace, good order, and safety of the community. And whereas the inhabitants of this province, not duly considering the criminality, and dangerous consequence to themselves of such alarming and unprecedented combinations, may incautiously be tempted to join in the aforesaid unlawful league and covenant, and thereby expose themselves to the fatal consequences of being considered as the declared and open enemies of the King, Parliament, and Kingdom of Great-Britain. In observance therefore of my duty to the King; in tenderness to </div> <h5>Page 3</h5> <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 1</h6> the inhabitants of this province; and to the end that none who may hereafter engage in such dangerous combinations, may plead in ex- cuse of their conduct, that they were ignorant of the crime in which they were involving themselves; I have thought fit to issue this pro- clamation, hereby earnestly cautioning all persons whatsoever with- in this province, against signing the aforesaid, or a similar covenant, or in any manner entering into, or being concerned in such unlaw- ful, hostile, and traitorous combinations, as they would avoid the pains and penalties due to such aggravated and dangerous offences. And I do hereby strictly enjoin and command all magistrates, and other officers, within the several counties in this province, that they take effectual care to apprehend and secure for trial, all and e- vry person who may hereafter presume to publish, or offer to others to be signed, or shall themselves sign the aforesaid, or a similar co- venant; or be in any ways aiding, abetting, advising, or assisting therein. And the respective sheriffs of the several counties within this pro- vince, are hereby required to cause this proclamation forthwith to be posted up, in some public place, in each town within their res- pective districts. Given under my hand at Salem, the 29th day of June, 1774, in the fourteenth year of his Majesty’s reign. T. GAGE. The inhabitants of Windham in Connecticut have sent us 258 sheep, with a most sympathetic letter, which were very acceptable in the present affliction and distress of the inhabitants; they, at the same time, expressed their utmost abhorrence and detestation of those citizens, particularly the Gentlemen of the Law, who addres- sed the late Governor Hutchinson, at his embarkation for England. The justices of the peace for the county of Bristol, and likewise the gentlemen of the bar in Boston, have presented warm addresses to his Excellency Governor Gage, on his arrival in this province, to which the most genteel, cordial answers were given. The whole fifth and thirty-eighth Regiment arrived and encam- ped on the Common, with his Majesty’s royal artillery, who have here a park of eighteen pieces of cannon. Capt. Brown, in a mast ship, arrived at Portsmouth last Week from London, and brought with him 27 chests of that pernicions and troublesome commodity called tea, which, on its being certainly known to be on board, a meeting of the inhabitants was called, and a committee chosen to wait upon Mr. Parry the consignor, to know whether he would consent to certain proposals made to him, that the tea should not be landed but re-shipped, who in a genteel manner gave them all the satisfaction they could desire, and a watch of 25 men was appointed to watch it; and the third day after it was put on board another vessel and sent out of the harbour, and with a fair wind, committed to the watery element. It is reported that the above tea is sent to Halifax. The following is taken from a London print of the 9th of May, brought by Capt. Tittle, who is arrived at Marblehead from Fal- mouth; Last Friday Admiral Graves arrived here from England in the Preston man of war of 50 Guns. EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE. From the LONDON GAZETTE. PETERSBURGH, March 19. A great number of Military promotions took place yesterday. Amongst those who obtained the rank of Lieutenant-General was the Prince Hesse Darmstadt: That of Brigadier was conferred, up- on the Prince Hesse Darmstadt: That of Brigadier was conferred up- on the Prince of Anhalt. General Potemkin was made Lieute- nant-Colonel of the first or Preobrazinisky regiment of Foot Guards, of which the Empress is Colonel. A Courier arrived on Sunday last from General Bibikow with an account of a body of 700 men, which he had detach- ed under the command of a Major, to prevent the rebels from fal- ling on Catherinebourg; that the rebels have lost upon this occasion between six and seven hundred men; and that the General was in hopes soon to come up with their main body, and to be able to give a good account of them. Petersburgh, April 5. Yesterday we received the agreeable news, that the troops under General Bibikow, had attacked the princi- pal corps of the Rebels commanded by Pugatcheff in person, at Sorozinska, about 15o west from Orenbourg, and entirely routed them: Amongst the prisoners taken, was the person in whom Pugatcheff places his chief confidence. PETERSBURGH, April 21. Lieut. Col. Weir is just arrived here from the army of Gen. Bibikow with advice that the main body of Pugatscheff’s army had been defeated, and he obliged to shut himself up in Orenbourgh for security. The General after having quieted all the disturbances about Casan, marched against the rebel chief who was encamped in an advantageous situation within twenty leagues of Orenbourg, where the General attacked him, and obtain- ed a compleat victory killing upwards of 4000 men and 3000 were taken prisoners, together with several pieces of cannon, ammuniti- on, baggage, &c. Among the prisoners are some men of distinction. We hear that his Imperial Majesty, in order to make the state of commerce flourish in his dominions. He has resolved to abolish all the monopolizing companies, and to take off the heavy imposts from the British manufactures. PARIS, May 2. On Thursday last his most Christian Majesty was taken dangerously ill, and on Saturday morning early the dis- temper shewed itself to be the Small Pox. His Majesty rested well that night; and at present there does not appear any unfavourable symptom. [Thus far the London Gazette.] Vienna, April 13. Our last advices from the head-quarters of the Grand Vizir inform us, that there have arrived there great number of Polish Lords who have quitted their country, and among them the celebrated Count Pulaski, just arrived from Con- stantinople where, before his departure, he had several conferences with the members of the Divan, the Turkish army is said to amount to 250,000 combatants. From LERNECA, in CYPRUS, March 15. The Chevalier Riso, commandant of a Russio Greek chebeck, having met with the che- beck of Reis Morabout Oglou. from Alexandria, an engagement soon began, which was carried on with great obstinacy on both sides; but the latter vessel being entirely dismasted, the commander chose rather to blow up than surrender. This was accordingly done, and Marabout Oglou with six of his people is since arrived in their chaloupe at Rhodes. The Russian chebeck was also very roughly treated, and has failed to Paros to repair. Constantinople, March 18. The 10th of this month the Caimaikan went with several great officers of the Porte to the arsenals to hasten the departure of the squadron destined to cover Oczakow. The 14th the said squadron came out of the docks and, now only waits a favourable wind to set sail. It consists of three ships of the line, six chebecks, and eight half galleys for the Dar- danelles. VENICE, April 10. This republic has given orders (which are now putting in execution) that the islands belonging to us, which ly in the Adriatic, upon the coast of Epirus and Morca, viz. Corfu, St. Maura, Cephalonia, and Zante, shall be strongly fortified and garrisoned with 6000 men from the continent. Corfu, the princi- pal city of the island of that name is pitched upon for the rendez- vous of the Venetian fleet, and every other precaution is taking to render the part which the republic has now taken in the war against the Sublime Porte as secure as possible. The Russian fleet in gene- ral is in want of provisions, ammunition, &c. and have constantly our transports to fetch supplies. Extract of letter from NICE, March 18. ”We are informed by letters Venice, that they are employed there without ceasing, in the equipment of the men of war and fri- gates destined to reinforce the squadron of the republic in the Ar- </div> <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 2</h6> chipelago. These letters add, that they are raising there, several companies of soldiers who, with a great quantity of military stores, among others, many thousands of musquets, will be transported to Corson, whither, they have already sent all that can be neces- sary for said squadron. LONDON, April 29. Extract of a Letter from Cadiz, April 6. On the 2d instant, an express arrived here from Madrid, with orders for arming three men of war of the line. Orders have likewise been issued for arming four men of war of the line at Car- thagena, and bringing them hither; as also two at Ferrol. The said express was likewise charged with orders for the French consul at Malaga, which were dispatched to him the next day, directing him to get ready several hundred rations of biscuits in that port. Sunday morning an express was received at Lord Rochford’s of- fice, at seven o’clock, from Lord Stormont at the court of Versailles, and another from Boston at nine, both which were sent to his Ma- jesty at the Queen’s Palace: on which account Lord North, and most of the great Officers of State were sent for, where they held a cabinet council. Some very disagreeable advices are said, to have arrived last night from a neighboring kingdom. They write from the Hague, that the Marquis de Noailles, Am- bassador at that court from France, has communicated to the States- General the King his master’s intention of recalling him, and sen- ding him as his Ambassador to the court of Great-Britain. An order is issued for the muster and return of all the forces in the garrisons of England, Scotland and Wales. The French and Spanish fleets now in the Mediterranean are known to amount to 16 capital snips in the line besides frigates and other small vessels, and even their merchant ships are provided for fighting as in time of war. The British squadron consists of only three 64 gun ships, one 75, and two frigates; a very unequal force to support even the honour of the British flag at a time when besides the above force, those seas swarm with pirates who commit the most savage depredations. Some letters from Dantzic mention, that many of the inhabitants have assembled and tore down the Prussian arms, which were fixed on the gate, &c. They write from Gibraltar, that the St. Pedro, a Spanishfri- gate, was boarded in the Mediterranean by three cruizers belonging to the Emperor of Morocco, who confined the crew under the hat- ches and then set the vessel on fire; when the flames reaching the powder room, the ship blew up, and all on board perished. They write from Cadiz, that the Scrieux and the Don Philip, two Spanish frigates, which had on board 4000 fire arms and ammu- nition, bound for the Havannah, foundered at sea, in a gale of wind, and all their crews perished. A letter from Warsaw, dated April 17, says, “The situation we are in at present is very alarming; the Prussian troops have al- ready actually taken possession of a district of Great Poland, con- sisting of about 150 English miles long, and 40 broad; they are at present as far as Cleczow, and seem to march farther still; they pulled down the Polish arms, and put the Prussian Eagle upon all the Stadthouses and public offices; and circulating letters have been issued from the Prussian Upper office at Cujavia, dated the 4th in- stant to the Woiwardehood Kalisch Inowroklaw and in the whole district, which just now was taken by the Prussians, that the inha- bitants shlall in future not accept of any order from the Polish go- vernment, nor shall they pay taxes, duties, &c. to the crown of Po- land but to the Prussian office which shall be appointed for that pur- pose. Since this disagreeable news was heard here, the Delegates broke up, and declared the treaty between the Polish republic and the three united powers, null and void as the conduct of the King of Prussia with regard to Great Poland can be viewed in no other light than as a plain and open encroachment upon that treaty, to which Austria and Russia as guarantees remain indifferent, and con- sequently the whole treaty ceases. In the mean time the troops of all the three powers approach this place, in order to surround it to- wards the opening of the Diet, which is to be on the 6th of May and Heaven knows how we shall be violated then. LONDON, May 9. The order for the day for the third reading of the Bill for the impartial and administration of justice in persons ques- tioned for acts done by them in the execution of the law for the suppression of riots and tumults in the province of Massachusetts- Bay, being called for, the bill was read, and a very warm debate ensued: The friends of the bill said but little in its praise, resolving to shew its merit by a division; but the enemies resolving to give it to the last stroke that they could, condemned it in the seve- rest manner possible. At six o’clock a motion was made that the Bill do pass; the question being put, the House divided, Ayes, 127, Noes 24. The principal speakers were, Lord North, Mr. Burke, Mr. Wallace, Mr. Cowper, Mr. Sawbridge, Governor Pownall, Mr. Pultney. Several amendments were made in the above bill, and clauses proposed and agreed to before it passed the third reading. Wednesday morning the providence, John Tinker master. sailed from Shields for Annapolis Roya, in Nova-Scotia, having on board near 90 emigrants. In the course of last week the Prince George and William and Mary, sailed from Scarborough, with 270 emigrants, for Halifax and Fort Cumberland in Nova-Scotia. One of the passengers with 13 in a famil- ly constituted part of the number; and it is reported he was possessed of 3000l. 800 of which he lodged in one of the York banks, and took the rest with him. By letters from the Hague we are informed, that the Emperor of Germany, whose intention was always to recover the provinces of Bulgaria and Servia from the Ottoman Porte, and only waited for the success of Russia, finds now a better opportunity to execute his plan, by the death of the Grand Sultan, on which the truce centered, and by the confusion of the Divan, which always is a con- sequence of the accession of a new Sultan to the throne; but knowing that France would interfere, he first strove to gain the Court of Madrid, with which he has just entered a treaty of al- liance; buy as France still seems to intermeddle, and as by all the motions of the French land and sea forces, it appears as if that court intended to oppose the Russians by sea, he (the Emperor) has just given France to understand, that in case she should proceed in her intention, he would immediately send a powerful army to seize Lorrain, and to renew every ancient claim which the House of Au- stria has upon that of Bourbon. The Parliament is expected to sit till they get accounts how the new acts of parliament are received in America. A Writer treating of the present disputes relative to the Bosto- nians, ,, say,”It is true, we did assist the Americans in the late war, but did they not assist us, for whilst we kept 10,000 men there in arms, they kept 15,000; one year they raised 25,000. up- on an average they had near 20,000 in pay for four or five years of the war; there was not two millions of people at that time in North America; but suppose for instance, there was two millions; 10,000 men were more, in proportion to their numbers than what Great Britain and Ireland hath in pay; and as labour is high in A- merica, the assemblies were obliged to give higher pay than we do; they paid common soldiers near a shilling per day, beside larger boun- ties for enlisting into the service.” NORFOLK July 21. On Monday last came on the election of a Burgess for this Bo- rough, when Col. JOSEPH HUTCHINGS was unanimously chosen. The freemen of the corporation gave a treat to their burgess, when the following loyal and patriotic toasts were drunk. 1. The King; 2. The Queen and Royal Family; 3. The Go- vernor and Colony; 4. American liberty 5. Unanimity to all </div> <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> America; 6. The patriotic and suffering town of Boston; 7. Both Houses of the Massachusetts Assembly; 8. May the zeal of the Maryland convention spread through the colonies; 9. Lord Chat- ham; 10. Lord Camden; 11. Mr. Edmund Burke; 12. Col. Barre; 13. General Conway; 14. All the friends of America in Britain; 15. Our late house of Burgesses; 16. The borough of Nor- folk; 17. The friends of freedom throughout the world. The following Gentlemen, are returned Members for the after- named Counties. NORFOLK COUNTY.>br> THOMAS NEWTON, Junior, Esq; JAMES HOLT Esq; NANSEMOND COUNTY. LEMUEL RIDDICK Esq; WILLIS RIDDICK, Esq; ISLE of WIGHT. JOHN SICWELLS, Esq; JOHN DAY, Esq; This day embarked on board the Homer, Capt. Dennet, on his return to Scotland: JOHN GLEN Esq; of Barr, Assloiss, Sliddery Braes, Borlandford, Inch, Newfoundland, Wormstale, Judas Hill- Foot, Helen-Land, and Plainfield. One of his Majesty’s Commis- sioners of supply for the shire of Ayr; and one of the Trustees ap- pointed by act of Parliament for the Toll Roads; and by the court at Ayr, appointed to be Visitor and Overseer for three roads in the said shire; also authorized by his Majesty, to hold Court by a Ba- ron Bailie upon his several Estates.--------Three years Master of the Ancient Society of Free Masons, at the Kilwinning Lodge in KILMARNOCK; late Captain of the Town-Guard in that place; Overseer of the Roads for the Parish of KILMARNOCK; one of the Collectors for the Poor of said Parish; and one of the Dea- cons of the Kirk. Free Burgess in the Towns of GLASGOW, KILMARNOCK &c. all in NORTH-BRITAIN. And in AMERICA, One of the Knight’s Companions of the Order of St. Andrew in PHI- LADELPHIA; and of the Order of the Beggars Bennison at RICH- MOND; Captain of the Bedford Militia; Conveener and President of the General Airshire Club at WILLIAMSBURG; Member of the Social Club and Alderman of the Town of PORTSMOUTH; and by special appointment made Correspondent for Scots Affairs to the Borough of NORFOLK. July, 15, 1774. ADVERTISEMENTS. PORTSMOUTH, June 25, 1774. A PURSE of 100 GUINEAS to be run for by any Horse, Mare, or Gelding, over the Two Mile Course at this Place, the best two Heats in three, on Tuesday the 20th of September, carrying Weight for Age, agreeable to the Articles of the said Purse, which are to be seen in the Hands of Mr. RICHARD NESTER Merchant there, with whom all Horses starting for said Purse are to be entered, the Day before the Race at farthest. The Money to be paid to the Winner immediately after the Race.----It is also proposed to have two more Races, one on the Wednesday following, for 50 l. the other on Thursday, for 30 l. which will be advertised particularly, as soon as the Subscriptions are full. YORK County, July 19, 1774. MR. HORNBY, Surgeon Dentist, from LONDON, returns Thanks to the Public, and to the Gentry of VIR- GINIA, in particular for the favors received in this Colony; He performs all Operations on the Teeth and Gums, extracts de- cayed Teeth and Stumps, scales and cleans Teeth, and entirely eradicates the Scurvy; he transplants artificial Teeth, so near as not to ne discovered, and to perform all their Functions. The general Approbation he has met with, from all Ranks of Peo- ple in most large Towns on the Continent, will sufficiently re- commend him.---He also cures all SANABLE DISEASES. A CERTAIN DUSORDER cured, with the greatest De- spatch and Secrecy.---SCALING and CLEANING at fif- teen Shillings each Person.---ADVICE, MEDICINE, to the POOR GRATIS. N. B. His Stay here will but short. All Letters directed post paid shall be duly answred.. NORFOLK, July 21, 1774. I INTEND to leave this COLONY soon, Those who are indebted to me are desired to make immediate payment, to enable me to discharge my<br LOST, Last Night about Sunset, on the County Wharf, A Silver Watch, with a Steel Chain and a Chrystal Seal set in Brass: Whoever has found it, and shall bring it to the Printer of this paper, Shall receive twenty Shilling Reward. N.B. She has got the Tower stamp on the inside work. RUN AWAY from the Subscriber li-<brgoes by the name of TONEY; a- bout twenty eighth years of age, born at Piquimons, and sold there at public sale, and purchased by Samuel Smith, living a- bout two miles from the Great Bridge, has taken and carried away a light coloured<brwithout buttons, a pair of Russia duck breeches, the property of his master; like- wise an old felt hat paired very small round the edges; he has got a wen upon the fore-part of his forehead, and another upon one of his wrists; also a sore upon his right shin about the breadth of a dollar. N. B. Whoever apprehends and secures the said mulatto, so that his master may get him again shall receive FORTY SHILLINGS Re- ward, PATRICK ROBERTSON- Norfolk, April 25, 1774. 3 JUST IMPORTED from LONDON> AN Assortment of Goods proper for the Season; which will be sold Cheap for Ready Money, at the West Corner Store next the Market Place by c t b LEWIS HANSFORD. The List of Arrivals and Sailings must be deferred till our Next. </div> <h5>Page 4</h5> <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 1</h6> To the Printer of the NORFOLK INTELLIGENCER. SIR, By Inserting this Piece in your Paper, will much oblige a constant Reader D.---P. TO A FRIEND. PERMIT a Friend in Verse of Art, To transcribe you the Dictates of her Heart; But now I recollect, ‘twas your Desire, That I should gently touch the Silver Lyre; ’Tis done, the tuneful Nine assists my Lays, And in Poetic strains I’ll sing your Praise Would gentle Fate allow me for to spend My future Days with such a cheerful Friend; The fleeting Time, would sweetly wing its Way, And innocent Amusements crown each Day.- When Polly tunes her sweet melodious Voice, Who can forbear to hearken or rejoice; With thee I would attune the warbling Lyre, For kindred Souls sweet Sympathy inspire; Go on thou lovely Maid, still persevere In the Improvement of thy Mind with Care; Then wilt thou be admired by Men of Sense, Nay even the Fair will praise thy Eloquence, Your nice Discernment and a Taste refin’d, Displays at once the Beauty of your Mind; From whence all tender sweet Sensations flow, The noble Source of Human Bliss below. From thence will ev’ry social Joy increase, And each corroding Care be hush’d to Peace, Wing’d Fame your fine Endowments oft’ rehearse, But now that Theme employs a simple Verse: The Subject may inspire an abler Pen, Adorned by those lordly Creatures Men; In Justice to your Worth they’ll sure combine, And shew the World true Merit ought to shine. NORFOLK, July 18, 1774} ADVERTISEMENTS. Norfolk, July 12, 1774. WANTED AN Overseer, who understands FARMING on a small Plantation near the Cape; by applying to the Subscriber will meet with Encou- ragement. ROBERT GILMOUR. LATELY IMPORTED From LONDON. A Variety of the last published Books, Pamphlets, Poems and Plays; Also a neat Assortment of Stationary Wares, as Paper of all Sorts, Dutch Quills, Wax and Wafers, fine Asses Skin memo- random Books, Pocket Books, Letter-Cases, Morocco Etwees with Instruments, Maps, black and red Ink-Powder, Pencils, Standishes, of the neatest Construction; Sea Books, blank Forms of Seamen’s Articles, Policies of Insurance, Bills of Landing, Indentures, Bonds of different Kinds, Bills of Exchange, Deeds of Lease and Release, Prices Current, Ink Glasses of different Shapes, Laycock’s appro- ved Leather Ink Pots, &amp.c. &c. &c. To be Sold at the Printing Office by WILLIAM DUNCAN & Co. N.B. Orders for Blank Books plain or ruled, bound in any Size, Form, or Taste, will be finished with Expedition, and Care taken that they be duly forwarded. Printing Work done in all its Branches at moderate Prices. PORTSMOUTH, July 16, 1774. THE Subscriber has opened Shop for some time, at the Corner House, where Mr. FRANCIS MILLER formerly lived. And continues to make and sell, all Sorts of SHOES and BOOTS of the best Stuff, and finished in the genteelest Manner.----Ladies or Gentlemen who shall be kind enough to Favour him with their Commands, may depend on Punctuality and Expedition. Whole- sale Orders, will be fulfilled with the greatest Diligence. 3 JOHN MUIRHEAD. N.B. I propose to take in Boarders or private Lodgers, up- on very reasonable Terms. A BOARDING SCHOOL. MRS. CAMPBELL begs leave to inform the La- dies, that she has take a House near the Church, and intends opening a BOARDING and DAY SCHOOL for Young Ladies, on Monday the 18th of July, where those will please to fa- vour her with the Care of their Children, may depend on the strictest Attention from their humble servant, SUSANNA CAMPBELL. NORFOLK, July 13. Portsmouth, July 21, 1774. FORSALE, or to be Let for seven Years. A WATER Lot in this Town, on which is an exceeding good dwelling House, three Stories high, with every conveniency for a large Family, and a Warehouse of 113 feet in length: The Wharf shall be put in good order if any person inclines to rent it. Also a Lot in High-street or Middle-street, whereon is a good dwelling House, that now rents for 16l. per Annum. the Lease of which expires the last of December next. There is also on the said Lot, an exceeding good Stable for eight Horses, and a Coach- house. For particulars enquire of HUMPHREY ROBERTS. NORFOLK: Printed by WILLIAM DUNCAN and Co. by whom Advertisements, Essays, and Articles of News from VIRGINIA, NORTH CAROLINA, and MARYLAND, will be gratefully Received, and duly Inserted.---Advertisements, of a moderate Length, for 3 s. the first time, and 2 s. each time after.—Price of the PAPER, 12s. 6d. per Annum. </div> <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 2</h6> MULBERRY and LOCUST TRE- NAILS, may be had by applying to RICHARD TEMPLEMAN, & Co, July 12, 1774. NORFOLK, June 30, 1774. FOR SALE, At the West Corner Store near the Market, for Ready Money, at the very LOWEST PRICES. OLD SPIRIT: RUM, Sugar, Molasses, Leaf Sugar, Hyson and Bohea Tea, Coffee, Chocolate, Firkin Butter, Pepper, Pimento, or Allspice, Ginger, Nutmegs, Cloves, Mace, Indigo, Blue, Copperas, Cotton, Rice, White Lead, Red and yellow Oker ground in Oil, Green Paint, Lintseed Oil, Train Oil, Madeira and Teneriff Wine, Oznaburgs, Irish Linen, Sheeting, Check, Strip’d Holland, Muslins, Cambricks, Lawns, Men and Wo- mens Shoes, Hats, Gloves and Stockings, Cloaks, Bon- nets, Ribbons, Hoes, Axes, Nails of all sorts, Hand- Saws, Drawing Knives, Cutlery and Crockery, Super- fine Cloths, Broad and Narrow Cloths, Scarlet and White Flannel, Scarlet Frize, Tammies, German Serges, Sagathys, Duroys, Camblets, Shalloons, Du- rants, Thicksets, Scotch Carpets, Desk Furniture, Copper Sauce Pans, Copper Fish Kettles, Sea Com- passes, Speaking Trumpets, Lanthorns, Cotton and Wools Cards, Brass and Iron Rim door Locks, Stock Loocks, Pad Locks, Closet Locks, Chest and Cup- board Locks, Hair and Lawn Sieves, Hearth Brushes Brooms, Ship and House Carpenters Axes and Adzes, Coopers Axes and Adzes, Pewter Basons, Dishes and Plates, Pewter Bed Pans, Porringers, Chamber Pots, Hard metal Water plates, Chafing Dishes, Steel Coffee Mills, Augers, Chizells, large Funnels, Block Tin Coffee-Pots, Copper ditto, Frying Pans, Spades, Sythes, Reap Hooks, Bottle Corks, Garden Watering, Pots, Deep Sea and Hand Lead Lines, Tongs and Shovels, Rich Damask, Sattin, Persian, and other Silks,---Fine Lace, Ladies paste Buckles, Necklaces and Ear-Rings. &amp.c. &c. NOTICE. THE Subscriber thinks proper to inform the Public, that as he has for some years past been put to a great disadvantage by giving credit in his way of Shoe-making, and often can’t get his money when call’d for; he therefore desires all who are indebted to him to make immediate payment, that he may be enabled to dis- charge the few debts he owes. He intends for the future to give no more credit, but expects money for every thing he sells, and that every man may expect the same return from him. He has TWO LOTS of land to dispose of, lying on the main street, go- ing down to Mr. John Smith’s Mills. He also has for sale, two Negro Wenches and a child. For terms of payment apply to me, NORFOLK, 3d. July, WILLIAM STEVENSON. 1774. JOURNEYMEN Weavers well recommended, will meet with good Encouragement by ap- plying to the Subscriber. Two are particularly wanted to work on one Loom Counterpanes 10 quarters broad. GARDINER FLEMING. N.B. He will give Eighteen pence per pound for clean pickt Cottom. Norfolk, 6th July, 1774. WHEREAS the Concern of HECTOR MAC- ALESTER and Co. was dissolved on the first Instant, the Partners thereof, from a Desire of bringing their Affairs to a speedy Conclusion, once more request all Persons indebted to them to make immediate Payment, either to ROBERT DONALD of WARWICK, or the Subscriber in NORFOLK; and as it is not in their Power to extend farther the Indul- gence which, for a long Time, has been granted to many, they hope that due Regard will be paid to this Application. Those who have any Demands a- gainst the said Concern are desired to make them known, that they may be adjusted and paid. The Subscriber will continue to do Business in this Place on his own Account, and solicits the Favours of his Friends. HECTOR MACALESTER. JOHN WEDDELL. BREECHES MAKER and GLOVER, BEGS leave to inform the Public, that he has opened Shop, near the corner of Market-Street, NORFOLK, Where he carries on his business, in all its Branches, having served a regular Apprentice- ship to each; Those who please to favour him with commands, may depend upon having their work done in the neatest manner and quickest dispatch. I have now by me a Quantity of good Skins; Also cleans and mends old Breeches and Gloves. N.B. Orders from the Country will be duly ob- served, and punctually executed. </div> <div class="”column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> THE Subscriber has for Sale at his Store in PASQUOTANK County, NORTH CAROLINA: Twenty likely SLAVES; Consisting of Men, Boys, and Girls; just Imported in the Brigantine CHARLOTTE, Capt. BATTIE from the Coast of GUINEA. THOMAS HUMPHRIES. June 29, 1774. JUST IMPORTED FROM LONDON BY JOHN GOODRICH, & Co. AND TO BE SOLD CHEAP FOR READY MONEY, only; Next door to MAJOR FARMER’S NORFOLK, A COMPLETE Assortment of European Goods; they have also the same at their Store in PORTSMOUTH. To the Sentimentalists in America. THE American Edition of these two entertaining Works, THE surprising Voyages and Adventures of Monsieur PIERRE VIAUD, A French Sea-captain. And FALCONER’S SHIPWRECK, in three Cantos. Are sold at the Printing Office here, price five shillings. FOR CHARTER to any Part of EUROPE; THE SHIP ANNA, THOMAS WILSON Master, BURTHEN about FIVE HUNDRED and TWEN- TY Hhds. or FOURTEEN THOUSAND Bushels. For Terms, Apply to JOHN WALKER. NORFOLK, July 14, 1774. ctb FOR LIVERPOOL. THE Brig VENUS, FRANCES PEARK Mast- er, will Sail in a Fortnight. FOR Freight or Passage, ap- ply to said Master. or JOHN LAWRENCE, & Co. NORFOLK, July 19, 1774. FOR CHARTER to any part of Europe, or the West Indies. A NEW Vessel, now on the Stocks, burthen about 350 Hhds. or nine Thousand bushels. Will be ready to take on board, by the 20th of next month. For Terms apply to ROGER STEWART. PORTSMOUTH, July 21, 1774. t b c. THE SLOOP POLLY, JACOB FOX, Master; ESTABLISHED as a PACKET, to go constantly between this Place and NEW-YORK; has exceeding good Accom- modation for PASSENGERS, and will car- ry them upon very moderate Terms. Any Gentlemen having GOODS to ship, by directing them to the Subscriber, may depend on the greatest Care being taken of them; and should the Vessel not be here when they arrive, they will ne landed with- out any Expence to the Proprietor (Grain excepted;) He proposes taking a very low Freight. THOMAS HEPBURN. NORFOLK, June 30, 1774. FOR CHARTER. To any part of EUROPE. THE Snow LIVE OAK, Charles Alexander, Master, burthen about eight Thousand Bushels. And for any part of the West India Islands, THE Sloop CATHERINE, Samuel Wilkins, Master, burthen about five Thousand Bushels, for Terms apply to INGLIS, and LONG. NORFOLK, July 19, 1774. </div> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Ink on paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Virginia Gazette, or, Norfolk Intelligencer Number 7, July 21, 1774 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1774-07-21 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SCNP2020.11 Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers--Virginia--Norfolk Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available William Duncan and Company Language A language of the resource English Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource William Duncan and Company, printer unique https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/e473c92cfbbd4803524e9a27ea73ad17.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=MvxQ%7E%7EbRCsz-A9FOoZVNBfCvL2ww0ae1nXC1P53rYFqgTVHK-LeRDwb2hDZ1nwrxHM48rKY3kqKhz4Ocuk2gl7MAm7ZRXCIatyG5bJb1tuN0EmJMRugpgBs8j4QcYUZqlC--OS4F1jNY0Tl0ot-Bhq5V412PDpWiAC1k%7EpZZkA5oJxdYnr8LTz-2xAaGhLaAvfEn89UHF6kUe5EeZ12aOySNG20H%7EDDP4zvmdW54pe16GXN-5%7EJvpkvukOw-ZQJLI8Z5W4PJDRxxhNgV7Cpm7k0j7zSpuyktSHdEbUn7Iaxu5nL1LezchgTONaNTIPLrfnBNLub4WvnCT7iD3EGx-Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 5f9d9b7417ddc9eaef4631083cefadf4 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/ad7ef5358d1c5afb76db5976aad1f63d.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=QvhaiYP4tWwWK5Vjn0oODPIw9hQh-IKomEoi%7EALG2w6v-1K3Q1OFHZ%7ELPeGWroElj91qeRTXrl3CAWTaPaLoh7tmDuDwjiaQA8ybCi6I2RYMlyq4rJt1oSfLCUGxdrVtt6TBuMR%7EYMgcNhNlaFB1NzawL61wppxSNqpD%7EW88IbP6NwE5PPLt7zUwjIpxPoQtV2%7EwznoXYsJbnuxSed2m6kSbocnXyyUawJGyc1QGUcxX2zG-i7iHaoH1OrXnFQbrp5QtQFg1b%7EQD6KIghnbgax0h3j8dKjVCG5JcioIOC7pPd7A8ir56Q1-DsGDT75nUj5TJRyB0i3wJtWxWJQ3OTQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 914ea983fc0c8390ac3a88e0571b6712 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource This collection consists of issues of The Virginia Gazette printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document <h5>Page 1</h5> JULY 21, 1774. POSTSCRIPT to the Virginia Gazette. No. 1189.</P VIRGINIA. On Monday the 18th of July, the Freeholders and other Inhabitants of York County met according to publick Notice at the Courthouse in York, to consider what was to be done in the present distressed and alarming Situation of Affairs throughout the Brithish Colonies in America. THOMAS NELSON, Junior, Esquire, being unanimously chosen Moderator, opened the Business of the Meeting with the following Address to the People: FRIENDS AND COUNTRYMEN, WE are met to-Day upon one of the most impor- tant Matters that can engage the Attention of Men. You are all well acquainted with the Attacks which have been largely made by the Brithish Parliament upon, what is dearer to Americans than their Lives, their Liberties. You have heard of the Acts of Oppression which have passed against a Sister Colony, under which it is now actually groaning, and you must be sensible that this is only a Prelude to the Designs of Parliament upon every other Part of this wide- extended Continent. In this Light did our late truly patriotick and Honourable House of Burgesses regard it, and I am not now to inform you what has been the Consequence. Our Assembly has been dissolved, our Country left without Laws for its Government, and without Means of defending itself against an invading Enemy. In this melancholy Situ- ation of Things, many of our late worthy Representatives convened in Williamsburg, and there agreed, after they should collect the Sentiments of the People throughout the Colony, to meet again on the first Day of August next, and concert such Measures as would be most likely to pro- cure us a speedy Redress of our Grievances, and Security against them for the Time to come. Your are now called together to deliberate upon these Matters, to choose who shall represent you in the approaching im- portant Meeting, and to furnish them with your Sentiments upon those Things which are to come before them. I need not observe how much you are concerned in the Event of thier Proceedings. You all know what it is to be FREEMEN; you know the blessed Priviledge of doing what you will with your own, and you can guess at the Misery of those who are deprived of this Right. Which of these will be your Case de- pends upon your present Conduct. We have found already that Petiti- ons and Remonstrances are ineffectual, and it is now Time that we try other Expendients. We must make those who are endeavouring to op- press us feel the Effects of their mistaken, of their arbitrary Policy; for not till then can we expect Justice from them. From the public Papers we learn the Sentiments of many of the Counties of Virginia, and it ap- pears that they think it necessary for the accomplishing of their Purposes to drop, till they are redressed, all commercial Intercourse with Great Britain. Whether consistently with Justice, as a People in Debt, we can stop our Exports, is a Point which seems doubtful; but that Imports ought to be prohibited Necessity demands, and no Virtue forbids. It is not supposed that we can do this without subjecting ourselves to many Inconveniencies; but Inconveniencies, when opposed to a Loss of Free- dom, are surely to be disregarded. Besides, I am told, by Men acquainted with these Things, that the Goods already in the Country, and those expected in the Fall, will be sufficient to supply the Wants of all Virginia for two Years. In the Meantime, we must, if our Griev- ances be not redressed, turn our Attention to the breeding of Sheep, the raising of Flax, Hemp, and Cotton, and to Manufactures. It is true, we must resign the Hope of making Fortunes; but to what End should we make Fortunes, when they may be taken from us at the Pleasure of others? I hope you will take these Matters into your most serious Consideration. Weigh them with that Attention which Matters of such Moment merit. Determine with Wisdom and Modera- tion; and, once determined, let no Difficulties or Dangers shake your Resolutions. It was then unanimously resolved, that as the constitutinal Assemblies of Virginia have been prevented from exercising their Right of pro- viding for the Security of the Liberties of the People, that Right again reverts to the People, as the Fountain from whence all Power and Legis- lation flow; a Right coeval with human Nature, and which they claim from the the eternal and immutable Laws of Nature’s God. Resolved also, that DUDLEY DIGGES and THOMAS NELSON, Junior, Esquires, do attend at the City of Williamsburg on the first Day of August next, in a general Convention from the other Counties of Virginia, there to exert their utmost Abilities to put a Stop to that grow- ing System of ministerial Despotism which has so long threatened the Destruction of America. And that you, our Delegates, may be made acquainted with the Sen- timents of the People of this County. It is their Opinion that you proceed to choose proper Persons to re- present the Colony of Virginia in a general Congress of America, to meet at such Time and Place as may hereafter be agreed on. That these Representatives be instructed to form a Declaration of American Rights, setting forth that British America, and all the Inha- tants thereof, shall be and remain in due Subjection to the Crown of England; and to the illustrious Family on the Throne; submitting by their own voluntary Act, and enjoying all the Freedoms and Privileges of the free People of England: That it is the first Law of Legislation, and of the British Constitution, that no Man shall be taxed but by his own Consent, expressed either by himself or his Representative: That the Americans cannot be represented in the British Parliament; and there- fore, that every Edict of the British Parliament imposing any Tax or Custom, Duty or Imposition whatsoever, on the People of America, without their Consent, is illegal, and subversive of the first Principles of the British Constitution, and of the natural Rights of Men: That it is the undoubted Right and true Interest of the Sovereign, as supreme Ruler of the whole Emprie, to provide for the Welfare of his Subjects within the Realm at the Head of the British Parliament, and of those in America at the Head of his American Assemblies, by Laws adapted to their local Situation, and suited to the Exigence of each; and, by that Negative with which he is invested by the Constitution, to restrain the different States of his extensive Dominion from enacting Laws to de- stroy the Freedom and prejudice the Interests of one another: That the King, in his British Parliament, shall have a Supremacy for regulating the Trade of America, with this reasonable Reserve, that all the British Colonies enjoy a free Trade with each other; and that no Tax, Duty, or Imposition whatsoever, be laid by the British Parliament on any Ar- ticle which the American Colonies are obliged to import from Great Britain only: And that this Right of Supremacy be deemed or expressed a Resignation by our own voluntary Act, flowing from a just Sense of the Protection we have hitherto received from Great Britain. And farther, the People of this County are of Opinion that the Act of the British Parliament laying a Duty on Tea, for the Purpose of raising a Revenue, to be collected in America without her Consent, is an illegal Tax. That the Act which blocks up the Port of Boston, destroys her Trade, and subjects her Inhabitants to the worst of Inconveniencies and Hardships, is oppressive and unconstitutional; that the People of Boston incurred the Displeasure of Parliament by a just Defence of their Liberties and Properties, and that the Cause for which they suffer is the general Cause of every British Colony in America. That the Bill, commonly called the Murdering Bill, if passed into an Act, is not only unconstitutional, but shocking to human Nature; that its evident Design is to privilege the Soldiers to commit with Impunity the most cruel Outrages even against the Lives of Americans, whilst it cuts off from an accused American every Hope of being acquitted. That the most effectual Means of obtaining a speedy Redress of Ame- rican Grievances is to put a Stop to Imports from Great Britain, with as few Exceptions as possible, until the said oppressive Acts be repealed, and American Rights established; and that what relates to Exports be left to the Determination of the Convention in August. That Industry and Frugality be adopted, in their largest Extent, throughout the Colony; and that Horse-racing, and every other Species of expensive Amusement, be laid aside, as unsuitable to the Situation of the Country, and unbecoming Men who feel for its Distresses. That the first Day of September next, or the Time of the General Congress, be set apart as a Day of Prayer and Supplication to the Almighty Disposer of human Events, to direct the Counsels of the Ame- ricans, and so to dispose the Heart of our Sovereign that a general Har- mony may be restored to the British Empire. That a Subscription be immediately opened for the Relief of the Inha- bitants of Boston, under the Direction of the Deputies for this County, who are desired to promote and encourage the same. <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 2</h6> That the above Resolves and Opinions be published in the Virginia Gazette. WILLIAM RUSSELL, Clerk. >Business being finished, the Deputies were invited to a genteel Enter- tainment provided for them by the Inhabitants of York County, as a Testimony of their entire Approbation of the Conduct of these Gentlemen. At a general Meeting of the Freeholders and Inhabitants of the County of New Kent, at the Courthouse of the said County, on Tuesday the 12th of July 1774, Thomas Adams, Esquire, being first chosen Moderator, and William Clayton, Esquire, Clerk, the present State of America being seriously and duly considered, the following Reso- lutions were proposed and agreed to, as an Instruction to our Deputies hereafter named: Resolved, that our Sovereign Lord King George III, is lawful and rightful King of Great Britain and all his Dominions in America, to whose Royal Person and Government we profess all due Subjection, Obedience, and Fidelity; and that we will, at all Times, defend and protect the just Rights of his Majesty with our Lives and Fortunes. Resolved, that the Inhabitants of the British Colonies in America are entitled to all the Rights, Liberties, and Privileges, of free born English Subjects. Resolved, that the Right to impose Taxes or Duties to be paid by the Inhabitants of this Dominion, for any Purpose whatever, is peculiar and essential to the General Assembly, in whom the legislative Authority of the Colony is vested, and that Taxation and Representation are inseparable. Resolved, that the Trial by a Jury of the vicinage is the Glory of the English Law, and the best Security for the Life, Liberty, and Property of the Subject, and is the undoubted Birthright of all his Majesty’s free born American Subjects. Resolved, that the several Acts and Resolutions of the Parliament of Great Britain made during his present Majety’s Reign, imposing Taxes or Duties on the Inhabitants of America, for the express Purpose of rais- ing a Revenue, and for altering the Nature of Punishment of Offences committed in America, or the Method of Trial of such Offences, are un- constitutional, arbitrary, and unjust, and destructice of the Rights of America, and that we are not bound to yield Obedience to any such Acts. Resolved, that the late cruel, unjust, and sanguinary Acts of Parlia- ment, to be executed by military Force and Ships of War upon our Sister Colony of the Massachusetts Bay, and Town of Boston, is a strong Evi- dence of the corrupt Influence obtained by the British Ministry in Parlia- ment, and a convincing Proof of their fixed Intention to deprive the Co- lonies of their constitutinal Rights and Liberties. Resolved, that the Cause of the Town of Boston is the common Cause of all the American Colonies. Resolved, that it is the Duty and Interest of all the American Colonies firmly to unite in an indissoluble Union and Association, to oppose, by every just and proper Means, the Infringments of their Rights and Liberties. Resolved, that we do heartily approve of the Resolutions and Proceed- ings of our several late Assemblies for asserting and supporting the just Rights and Liberties of America, from their Patriotick Resolves in 1765 to this Time. Resolved, that we will most firmly unite with the other Counties in this Colony, in such Measures as shall be approved of by a Majority as the best and most proper Means of preserving our Rights and Liberties, and opposing the said unconstitutional Acts of Parliament. Resolved that the most effectual Method of opposing the said several Acts of Parliament will be to break off all commercial Intercourse with Great Britain, until the said Acts shall be repealed. Resolved, that the several Counties within this Colony ought to nomi- nate and appoint, for every County, proper Deputies to meet upon the first Day of August next, in the City of Williamsburg, then and there to consult and agree upon the best and most proper Means for carrying into Execution these or any other Resolutions which shall be best calculated to answer the Purposes aforesaid. Resolved, that it be earnestly recommended to the Deputies at the said general Convention to nominate and appoint fit and proper Persons, on Behalf of this Colony, to meet such Deputies as shall be appointed by the other Colonies in General Congress, to consult and agree upon a firm and indissoluble Union and Association, for preserving, by the best and most proper Means, their common Rights and Liberties. Resolved, that BURWELL BASSETT and BARTHOLOMEW DAN- DRIDGE, Esquires, our late and present worthy Resspresentatives, be, and they are hereby nominated and appointed Deputies, on the Part and Be- half of the Freeholders and Inhabitants of this County, to meet such Deputies as shall be appointed by the other Counties within this Colony, in the City of Williamsburg, on the first Day of August next, or at any other Time or Place, for the Purpose aforesaid. Resolved, farther, that our said Deputies agree to join in any proper Means that shall be adopted for the immediate Relief of the present Ne- cessities of the Inhabitants of the Town of Boston. Resolved, that the Clerk transmit the foregoing Resolutions and In- structions to the Printers, to be published. WILLIAM CLAYTON, Clerk of the Meeting. AT a general Meeting of the Inhabitants of the County of Dinwiddie, at the Courthouse, on Friday the 15th of July, in Consequence of previous Notice from their late Representatives, and an Intimation of their Desire to be advised and instructed relative to the Difference now unhappily subsisting between Great Britain and her Colonies, after mature Deliberation on this most interesting Subject, they unanimously came to the following Dclaration of their Sentiments, which are intended to manifest to the World the Principles by which they are actuated in a Dis- pute so important, as that, they conceive, on its Decision, depends the political Existance of all America. We the Inhabitants of the County of Dinwiddie do entertain the most cordial and unfeigned Affection and Loyalty for his Majesty’s Person and Government, which, together with his Right to the Crown of Great Britain and all its Dependencies, we will at all Times defend and support at the Risk of our Lives and Fortunes; and, under so true a Conviction of the firmest Allegiance, we think ourselves entitled, as a constitutional Right, to Protection from that Sovereign to whom we have been ever attached, by the strongest Ties of Duty and Inclination. But however happy we may consider ourselves under the Auspices of the supreme Magistrate, we cannot help being apprehensive of the ill Effects which may flow from some recent and dangerous Innovations, imagined and contrived in the House of Commons against those Rights to which the Americans have a just and constitutional Claim in common with his Majesty’s Subjects of Great Britain. Amongst these Instances of Oppression we cannot omit the Parliament’s Retention of a Duty on Tea, accompanied by an Act declaratory of their Right, in the fullest Manner, to tax America; thereby asserting, in other Terms, their Claim to whatever Property the Americans may by their Labour aquire: Which, submitted to, would reduce us to a Degree of Servility unexampled but in a State of Despotism. And yet, inconsistent as this Plan of substituting Power for Right may appear with the noble and liberal Spirit of the British Governmnent, it has been adopted for some Time by Administration, and pursued with a Perseverance that becomes truly alarming; a late and striking Proof of which we have to lament in unprecedented Acts of Parliament for cutting off the People of Boston from every Privilege valued by Freemen, and subjecting them to Hardships unknown but in arbitrary Governments: In Pursuance of which Acts, their Town and Harbour are blocked up, all Commerce interdicted, and Articles merely essential to Life only imported; and as a Matter of Favour, and an Inducement to Submission, a Part of their Property may be held at the King’s Pleasure, on the humiliating Condition of their living in Obedience to such Laws. To aggravate these Evils, should the most atro- cious Murder be committed in enforcing the Execution of any of these Acts, the Civil Power is forbid to punish, but the Criminal is to be sent for Trial to Great Britain, or to any Colony, at the Will of the Gover nour. If to the former, the Distance will operate to his Acquittal, for Want of Testimony; if the latter Method is adopted, it is equally a Subversion of the legal Form of Trial. This proves in what Estimation our Lives are with a British Parliament, as the first Law shows in what Light they consider our Property. Upon these distressful Circumstances, we sincerely sympathise with our Fellow Subjects of Boston, and will concur with them and the rest of the Colonies, in any Measures that may be conducive to a Repeal of Laws so destructive to our common Rights and Liberty. And though we do not pretend to justify the Outrage committed by the People of Boston in destroying the private Property of the East India Company, to which they might have been impelled by an apparent </div> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> Intention in the Parliament of fixing on them a Precedent of arbitrary Taxation, yet we cannot see the good Policy or right Reason that could dictate the depriving a whole People of their Rights for a Trespass com- mitted by a few, where the civil Laws of the Community were amply provident of Redress for the Injury. The Result of our Opinion upon these violent Measures is, that we do protest against every Law or Act of the British Legislature that shall authe- rise the Importation of Teas on the Americans, without their Consent; which cannot be had in Parliament, as they have no Representation, nor, ought not to have, in that Body, from local Circumstances, and other Considerations; and because it is the proper exclusive and indefeasible Right of every free State, especially under the British Form of Govern- ment, to be taxed only by themselves, or their Representatives. We farther delare, that upon all Occasions when Requisitions shall be made to us by the Crown for Aids, in Support of his Majesty’s just Rights, or those of Government, we will most cheerfully comply with them, to the utmost of our Ability; but we cannot think a British Par- liament sit Judges of the Mode by which, or the Degree in which, we ought to be taxed. And whereas a Convention of the late Representatives of this Colony was judged expedient, and was appointed after their Dissolution to be held the first Day of August next at Williamsburg, then to consult upon the most plausible Means of avoiding the dangerous Precedents of Acts of Power now intended to be established against us; to promote, on our Part, this laudable Design, we do appoint our late Representataives, ROBERT BOLLING and JOHN BANISTER, Esquires, Deputies to act for us on this important Occasion, recommending it to them to concert with the Deputies from the other Counties a firm and prudent Plan of Opposition to every Invasion of our Rights, and particularly to those Acts of Parlliament we have pointed out. Confiding in their Vigilance and Attention, we wish them in their Endeavours the Success that so good a Cause merits. AT a Meeting of the Freeholders, and others, Inhabitants of the County of Chesterfield, at the Courthouse of the said County, on Thursday the 14th of July 1774, to take into Consideration the present very alarming Situation of this Colony, the Reverend Archibald McRobert being unanimously chosen Moderator. Resolved, neri. con. that we are ready and willing, at the Expense of our Lives and Fortunes, to defend and maintain his Majesty’s Right and Title to the Crown of Great Britain, and his American Dominions, against all his Enemies; and we do profess all just Obedience and Fidelity to his sacred Person and Government. Resolved, that the sole Right of making Laws for the Government of this his Majesty’s ancient Colony and Dominion of Virginia, and for raising and levying Taxes on the Inhabitants thereof, ought to be, and is, vested in the General Assembly of the said Colony, and cannot be executed by any other Power, without Danger to our Liberties; subject nevertheless, as of Custom has been, to his sacred Majesty’s Approbation. Resolved, that every other of his Majesty’s Dominions in America ought to be, and of Right is, entitled to the same Privileges as this Colony. Resolved, that the present Demand of Money as a Duty upon Tea imported into this or any other Colony in America, under the Authority of the British Parliament, “for the sole Purpose of raising a Revenue in “America,” without the Consent of our Representatives, is arbitrary and unjust, a Subversion of the ancient and constitutional Mode of levy- ing Money upon British Subjects, and evidently calculated to fix a Pre- cedent for future Demands of the same Nature, and by that Means to reduce the Colonies to a State of Slavery; and that all Persons aiding in the Execution of such Laws be considered as Enemies to the Freedom of British Subjects. Resolved, that the Act of the British Parliament for depriving the In- habitants of the Town of Boston, in our Sister Colony of Massachusetts Bay, of their lawful Trade, as also the Bills brought into the House of Commons of Great Britain (one of which Bills is entitled ”a Bill for the ”impartial Administration of Justice in the Cases of Persons questioned for ”any Act done by them in the Execution of the Law, or for the Suppression ”of Riots or Tumults in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, in New Eng- ”land”) are unjust, arbitrary, and unconstitutional; and although le- velled particularly against one of our Sister Colonies, yet ought to be resented with the same Indignation, by this and every other Colony, as if all of them were included in the said Act and Bills. Resolved, that an extensive Associatin ought to be entered into, and that no Goods or Commodities of any Kind whatsoever ought to be im- ported from Great Britain into this Colony after the first Day of August next, ”except Medicines, Paper, Books, Needles, Cotton, Wool and Clothiers ”Cards, Steel, Gunpowder, German Osnabrugs, Hempen Rolls, Negro Cotton ”and Plains, Dutch Blankets, Saltpetre, and Implements necessary for the ”manufacturing of Woolens and Linen;” and that all and every Person who has sent Orders to Great Britain for any Articles (except such as are already excepted) ought to embrace the first Opportunity to countermand such Orders. Resolved, that any Inhabitant of this Colony who shall import any Article not allowed by this Association, or purchase from any other Person who shall import such Article, except already ordered, shall be deemed a Betrayer of the Liberties of his Country; and that we will not hold Friendship, or have any Connexion, with such offending Person. Resolved, that every Kind of Luxury, Extravagance and Dissipation, should now, and at all Times, be carefully discouraged; and that an ex- tensive Plan of establishing Manufactoies amongst the Inhabitants of this and other Colonies in North America should immediately be adopted, as the only possible Means of avoiding that dependent commercial Con- nexion which hath hitherto subsisted between the Colonies and Great Britain, which hath induced an arbitrary and designing Administration to attempt the total Destruction of our Rights and Liberties; and that, to carry the same more effectually into Execution, Subscriptions be opened for that Purpose, under proper Regulations. Resolved, that to dissolve the General Assembly of the Colony, sitting for the Despatch of publick Business, “because they enter into a Con- sideration of the Grievances under which they labour, and nobly assert their Right to Freedom,” is arbitrary and oppressive, a manifest Proof of a fixed Intention to destroy the ancient, constitutional, legislative Authority in the Colony, and directly contrary to the Spirit of the Ac- knowledgments made in Favour of the Rights of a British People. Resolved, that his Colony ought not to hold any commerical Inter- course with any of the Colonies in North America that shall refuse to adopt proper Measures for procuring Redress to our Grievances. Resolved, that the Town of Boston is now suffereing in the Cause of American Liberty; that her Safety and Protection is, and ought to be, the common Cause of the other Colonies; and that her Relief ought to be attempted, by all proper and constitutional Ways and Means in our Power. Resolved, that we do most heartily concur with the last Representatives of this Colony in their Sentiments delivered at the Meeting held in Willi- amsburg after the Dissolutiuon of the last Assembly. We return them our warmest Thanks for their spirited Conduct on that and every other Occa- sion, and entreat their steady and determined Attention to the same Principles at the Meeting to be held on the first Day of August next, in the City of Williamsburg. Resolved, that ARCHIBALD CARY and BENJAMIN WATKINS, Esquires, our late worthy Representatives (together with the Represen- tatives to be chosen for this County in the next Assembly) be, and they are hereby appointed Deputies, on the Part of the Freeholders and Inha- bitants of this County, to meet such Deputies as shall be appointed by the other Counties and Corporations in this Colony, in the City of Wil- liamsburg, on the first Day of August next, to take under their Con- sideration the several Grievances under which this and the other American Colonies are at present labouring to concert and deliberate upon proper Ways and Means to procure Redress of those Grievances, and that they (together with such Deputies as shall be then and there assembled) do nominate proper Persons, on the Part of this colony, to meet such Dep- uties as shall be appointed upon the part of the other continental Colonies in a general Congress, to consult and agree upon a firm and indissoluable Union and Association, for preserving, by the best and most proper Means, their common Rights and Liberties. Resolved, that the Clerk of this Meeting transmit to the Printers of both Gazettes Copies of these Resolutions, with the earnest Request of this County that the other Counties and Corporations within the Colony will appoint Deputies to meet at the Time and Place and for the Purposes aforesaid. JERMAN BAKER, Clerk to the Meeting. </div> <h5>Page 2</h5> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 1</h6> AT a Meeting of the Freeholders and other Inhabitants of the County of Essex, at the Courthouse of the said County, on Saturday the 9th of July 1774, seriously to consider the present Danger which threatens Ruin to American Liberty, Mr. John Upshaw being chosen Moderator, the following RESOLVES were proposed, and unanimously agreed to: Resolved, the we will, at all Times, and upon all Occasions, bear true and faithful Allegiance to his Majesty King George III, and that, as Freemen, we always have been and ever shall be, willing, constituti- onally, to give and grant liberally our Property for the Support of his Crown and Dignity, and the Preservation of our Parent State; but that we never can consent to part with it on any other Terms. Resolved, that the Legislature of this Colony, for the Purpose of inter- nal Taxation, is distinct from that of Great Britain, founded upon the Principles of the British Constitution, and equal, in all Respects, to the Purposes of Legislation and Taxation within this Colony. Resolved, that the People of this Colony in particular, and of America in general, have a clear and absolute Right to dispose of their Property by their own Consent, expressed by themselves or by their Representatives in Assembly; and any Attempt to tax, or take their Money from them, in any other Manner, and all other Acts tending to enforce Submission to them, is an Exertion of Power, contrary to natural Justice, subversive of the English Constitution, destructive of our Charter, and oppressive. Resolved, that the Town of Boston, in our Sister Colony of Massachu- setts Bay, is now suffering in the common Cause of North America, for their just Opposition to such Acts; and it is indispensably necessary that all the Colonies should firmly unite in Defence of our common Rights. Resolved, that it is the Opinion of this Meeting that an Agreement to stop all Exports to and Imports from Great Britain and the West Indies, firmly entered into, and religiously complied with, will, at all Times, prove a safe and infallible Means of securing us against the Evils of any unconstitutional and tyrannical Act of Parliament, and may be adopted upon the Prinicples of Self Preservation, the great Law of Nature. Resolved, that the Inhabitants of this County will firmly join with the other Counties in this Colony, and the other Colonies on this Continent, or a Majority of them, to stop all Exports to and Imports from Great Britain and the West Indies, and all other Parts of the World, except the Colonies of North America, if such a Measure shall be deemed expedient by the Deputies at the General Congress; and that whatever Agreement the Congress shall come to for the Advantage of the common Cause of North America, relating to Exports, Imports, or otherwise, ought to be considered as binding as any Act of Legislature; and that we will use our utmost Endeavour to support and maintain such general Agreement, at the Expense of our Lives and Fortures. Resolved, that it is the Opinion of this Meeting that the several Courts in this Colony ought not to proceed to the forwarding or Trial of civil Causes, until our Exports are opened. Resolved, that it is the Opinion of this Meeting that the East India Company, having a Design to monopolise a great Part of the American Trade, to the Injury of the other Mercahants of Britain trading to Ame- rica, and knowing well the fatal Consequences that must have resulted from their fixing a Precedent for future Taxes by importing Tea into the Colonies, became the willing Instruments of the Ministry to destroy Ame- rican Liberty, and deserve the Loss they have sustained. Resolved, that we do most heartily concur with our late worthy Re- presentatives in their Resolve for the Difuse of Tea, and that we will not hereafter purchase any East India Commodities whatsoever. Resolved, that the spirited Conduct of the Town of Boston hath been serviceable to the Cause of Freedom, all other Methods having failed; and that no Reparation ought to be made to the East India Company, or others their Assistants, for any Injury they have sustained, unless it be the express Condition on which all our Grievances shall be removed. Resolved, that it is the Opinion of this Meeting that any general Cen- sure upon the Conduct of the Town of Boston respecting the Tea, with- out allowing to them the Motives of Resistance upon the Principles of publick Virture and Necessity, is inimical to American Liberty; and we are persuaded that none but ministerial Hirelings, and professed Enemies of American Freedom, will adopt a Language so impolitick, which mani- festly tends to create a Disunion of Sentiments at this Time fatal to America. Resolved, that the Parliament have no Right to pass an Act to remove our Persons to Great Britain, or any other Place whatever, to be tried for any Offence; and that we are determined not to submit to it. Resolved, that it is the Opinion of this Meeting that no Merchant in this, or any other Colony on this Continent, shall advance the Goods now on Hand higher than they at present are, or have been for some Time, and that the Merchants in the several Counties sign an Agreement to that Effect. Resolved, that a Subscription be set on Eoot for the raising Provision for the Relief of the Poor of Boston, who now suffer by the blocking up their Ports; and that ROBERT BEVERLEY, JOHN LEE, and MUSCOE GARNETT, in St. Anne’s Parish, and ARCHIBALD RITCHIE and JOHN UPSHAW, in the upper End of South Farnham Parish, and MERIWETHER SMITH and JAMES EDMONDSON, in the lower Part thereof, take in Subsriptions for that Purpose, who are to consign what may be raised to some proper Person to be distributed; and the before mentioned Gentlemen are empowered to charter a Vessel to carry it to Boston. Resolved, that this Meeting have the deepest Sense of the Injuries in which the Merchants and Manufacturers of Great Britain must necessarily be involved by a Non exportation Resolution, they having placed an al- most unlimited Confidence in us, for a Series of Years, and by that Means have the greatest Part of their Fortunes lodge in our Hands, and that nothing but the Desire of preserving our Rights and Liberties could induce us to adopt a Measure big with such melancholy Consequences. Resolved, that JAMES EDMONDSON and WILLIAM ROANE, Es quires, the late Representatites of this County, be, and they are hereby appointed Deputies to represent us at the general Meeting of Deputies for the several Counties in this Colony, on the first Day of August next, in Williamsburg; and we desire that they will exert their best Abilities for the Security of our constitutional Rights and Liberties, and to appoint Deputies to meet at the General Congress the Deputies of the other Co- lonies on this Continent. Resolved, that the Clerk transmit the foregoning Proceedings to the Printers, to be published in their Gazettes. WILLIAM YOUNG, Clerk to the Meeting. MIDDLESEX, July 15. AFTER the Freeholders had proceeded in the most decent and orderly Manner to the Election of Representatives for the County, they were summoned to meet at the Courthouse, to take into their Conside- ration the present State of the Colony, and America in general; and upon mature Deliberation, many of the most respectable of the Freeholders and Inhabitants of the County being present, they entered into the following Resolutions: Resolved, that it is the Opinion of this Meeting that all Allegiance is due to the Person and Character of the King of Great Britain, and that we acknowledge a constitutional Dependence on the Parliament, conceiv- ing it not incompatible with the Condition of Colonists to submit to com- mercial Regulations, in Consequence of the Protection that is given to our Trade by the Superintendence of the Mother Country; but we ap- prehend there is a clear Distinction between Regulations of Trade and Taxation and in no Degree admit the latter under the colourable Deno- mination of the former, well knowing that the Nature of Things is not alterable by the Change of Terms. Resolved, that Representation and Taxation are inseparably connected, by the essential Principles of the British Constitution; and that every Attempt of superiour Power to levy Money on the British Americans, otherwise than by the Consent of their Representatives, delivered in Assembly, is an Infraction of that Constitution, a Violation of the Rights of Freemen, and a Subversion of Property. Resolved, that the Act imposing a Duty on Tea, for the avowed Pur- pose of Revenue is a Tax, and that every Opposition should be expressed that may move to the Repeal of the said Act, or that may render its Operation inefficacious. Resolved, that the late Act of Parliament, suspending the Trade and shutting up the Port of the Town of Boston, is an alarming Circum- stance to the Colonies in general, in as much as it marks out a settled Plan in the British Parliament to enforce Submission to their Power of Taxation. Resolved, that we do not approve of the Conduct of the People of Boston in destroying the Tea belonging to the East India Company; and notwithstanding the Tax on Tea must be esteemed a violent Infring- ment of one of the fundamental Privileges of loyal and free Subjects, yet we apprehend Violence cannot justify Violence. Reason and Policy declaim against it. A Desistance from the Consumption of Tea, and a Confidence in the Virture of our Countrymen, whose Sense of the Spirit of the Law will no Doubt induce a total Disuse of it, are much more eligible and prudent Means, and more probably will work a Repeal of the Act, than Disorder, Outrages, and Tumults. <div> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 2</h6> Resolved, as the Records and reiterated Resolutions of the House of Burgesses will testify to Posterity our Idea on this long agitated and con- tested Question of the Supremacy of Parliament to tax the Colonies, that it be the Opinion of this Meeting that our Representatives should oppose, and they are hereby instructed to oppose, all Measures that will bring on an abrupt Dissolution, whereby the Business of the Country will be impeded. A savage Enemy ravaging our Frontiers, the publick Credi- tors unpaid, a Stagnation of Justice by Reason of the Lapse of the Fee Bill, the Courts of Law occluded, every Thing that is held sacred in civil Society confounded, the just Creditor deprived of Property, and the dishonest Debtor triumphant, these are the bitter Fruits of the late Disso- lution. Resolved, that an unlimited Non-exportation and non-importation Scheme is impracticable, and, were it not so, would be irreconcilable with every Principle of Justice and Honesty, injurious to the Commerce, and fatal to the Credit, of this Colony. Resolved, that an Association be forwarded to prohibit the Importation of all unnecessary and luxurious Articles of British Manufacture, and (expect Saltpetre and Spices) all kinds of East India Commodities. AT a Meeting of a respectable Body of the Freeholders and other Inhabitants of the County of Surry, on due Notice, at the Court- house of the said County, the 16th of July 1774, ALLEN COCKE, Esq; Moderator, the Proceedings and Resolutions of the late Members of the House of Burgesses, since their Dissolution, respecting the alarming Situ- ation of North America, were seriously deliberated upon, and the follow- ing Resolves unanimously agreed to. Resolved, that we acknowledge all due Allegiance to his present Ma- justy, and will defend him with our Lives and Fortunes. Resolved, that as British Subjects, who know the invaluable Blessings of their Birthright, we will not submit to the Imposition of any Taxes or Duties to be paid by the Inhabitants within this Dominion by any other Power than the General Assembly, duly elected; and that in them, and them only, is the constitutional Right of Taxation vested. Resolved, that we will cheerfully join with our suffering Brethren of America in the firmest Bonds of Union against exporting or importing any Commodities to or from Great Britain, till our just and legal Rights are restored. Resolved, that the Cause of the Town of Boston is the common Cause of all British America. Resolved, that as the Population of this Colony with Freemen, and other useful Manufacturers, is greatly obstructed by the Importation of Slaves and Convict Servants, we will not purchase any such Slaves or Servants hereafter to be imported. Resolved, that Subscriptions be opened in this County for the Relief of our suffering Brethren in the Town of Boston. Resolved, that ALLEN COCKE and NICHOLAS FAULCON, Junior, Esquires, our late Representatives, be, and they are hereby nominated and appointed to attend the general Meeting of Deputies of the other Counties and Corporations within this Colony, in the City of Williams- burg, on the first Day of August next, there to concert such Measures as may be found expedient for the general Good of the Colonies. Resolved, that the Clerk of this Meeting do transmit the Proceedings of this Day to the Printers of both Gazettes, and request them to publish the same without Delay. JAMES KEE, Clerk of the Meeting. To Mr. PURDIE. SIR HAVING seen Governour Gage’s Proclamation in the Northern Papers against the solemn League and Convenant at Boston (which we more modestly call only Associations) I have sent you the following Extract of a Letter from a Mercahant at London to his Friend at Boston, which may serve as a Comment upon it; and though it has been pub- lished before, some Time ago, yet if you think fit to republish it you will not only thereby show your Impartiality, but also thereby oblige, Sir, your humble Servant, An ENGLISHMAN. ”The great End of Government is to unite all its Subjects in one Interest, to make every Part of the empirie, and every Individual of it, contribute to the Welfare of the Whole, and to apply the force of the Whole to the Protection of every Individual. ”Combinations, therefore, entered into by the Subjects of one Part of the Empire, against those of another, are a Kind of Treason to the Whole, are in their Nature contradictory to all the Principles of good Government, and ought never to be permitted in a well ordered Empire.” The SUBLIME JUSTICE, or the present State of JUSTICE in England. The Barnet Stage returning from the Races there with a Cargo of Bucks, Bloods, &c. and being met on the Road by a Pheton with two of the same Sort of Gentry, rolling boldly over the King’s Highway for that Mart of Gambling, who were not very skilful at driving, the Stage and Pheton soon boarded each other. The Force and Weight of the former drove the Whisky back with very little Damage, but in the Rencounter, through some unlucky Hit, the left Eye of the fore Horse of the Stage was knocked fairly out. The Coachman knew his Cue too well not to turn this Jostling to the best Advantage. Seeing our Bucks of a very promising Appearance, he applied to them for 40 £. Damages, and in Case of Refusal threatened to carry them before a Justice. They did refuse, and the Coachman kept his word. The Justice lived but a short Way off. He was a Man of profound Importance and of profound Ingnorance, and was impressed with a due sense of his own Dignity. When the Culprits were brought before him, he assumed all his native Consequence, and placed himself in the great Chair. The Coachman opened the Cause, and told the whole Story his own Way; the Case was therefore plain, and could not be controverted. ”Here, you two young Gemmen (said the Worshipful Justice) that must drive in your Phetons, with a Pox t’ye; come forward to this here Table.” ”We obey your Worship’s Will.” ”Pray, you Mr. What d’ye call ‘em, what Business had you to knock out the Eye of this here Horse!” ”It was a Mare, Sir.” ”Horse and Mare’s all one; and so, d___n you, Sir, down with your Yellow Boys. You tell me it was a Mare! you d___n’d Rogue; by G—d you shall pay for that, if it was no more; and so, d___n you, down with your Dust.” ”But will your Worship be pleased to hear,” — ”No, d___n me, I won’t hear nothing about it. Knock a poor Ma___ Horse’s Daylights out! you might as well pink him at once; and so, d___n you, down with your forty Guineas to poor Whip here, and 10 s. to my Clerk, and then you may go and be d___n’d.” This Command was omnipotent, and there was no resisting it. They paid down the Mulcts therefore, and proceeded to Barnet, ruminating all the Way on the present State of Justice in England. WILLIAMSBURG, July 21. WE have just received the following Proclamation from Boston, dated the 29th ult. the Title of which is, “For discouraging cer- ”tain illegal Conbinations.” — Whereas certain Persons, calling them- selves a Committee of Correspondence for the Town of Boston, have lately presumed to make, or cause to be made, a certain unlawful instrument, purporting to be a solemn League and Covenant, intended to be signed by the Inhabitants of this Province, whereby they are most solemnly to covenant and engage to suspend all commercial Intercourse with the Island of Great Britain, until certain Acts of the British Parliament shall be repealed; and whereas printed Copies of the said unlawful printed Instru- ment have been transmitted by the aforesaid Committee of Correspondence, so called, to the several Towns in this Province, accompanied with a scandalous, traiterous and seditious Letter, calculated to disturb them with ill grounded Fears and Jealousies, and to excite them to enter into an unwarrantable, hostile, and traiterous Combination to distress the British Nation, by interrupting, obstructing, and destroying her Trade with the Colonies, contrary to their Allegiance due to the King, and to the Form and Effect of divers Statutes made for securing, encouraging, protecting, and regulating the said Trade, and destructive of the lawful Authority of the British Parliament, and the Peace, good Orer, and Safety, of the Community; and whereas the Inhabitants of this Pro- vince, not duly considering the Criminality and dangerous Consequence to themselves of such alarming and unprecedented Combinations, may incautiously be tempted to join in the aforesaid unlawful League and Covenant, and thereby expose themselves to the fatal Consequences of being considered as the declared and open Enemies of the King, Parlia- ment, and Kingdom of Great Britain: In Observance therefore of my Duty to the King, in Tenderness to the Inhabitants of this Province, and to the End that none who may hereafter engage in such dangerous Combinations may plead, in Excuse of their Conduct, that they were ingnorant of the Crime in which they were involving themselves, I have thought fit to issue this Proclamation, hereby earnestly cautioning all </div> <div> <div class="column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> Persons whatever within this province against signing the aforesaid or a similar Covenant, or in any Manner entering into or being concerned in such unlawful, hostile, and traiterous Combinations, as they would avoid the Pains and Penalties due to such aggravated and dangerous Offences. And I do hereby strictly enjoin and command all Magistrates, and other Offi- cers, within the several Counties in this Province, that they take effectual Care to apprehend, and secure for Trial, all and every Person who may hereafter presume to publish, or offer to others to be signed, or shall themselves sign, the aforesaid or a similar Covenant, or be in any Wise aiding or assisting therin. And the respective Sheriffs of the several Counties within this Province are hereby requested to cause this Procla- mation forthwith to be posted up, in some publick Place in each Town within their respective District. Given at Salem, &c. Account of ELECTIONS since our last viz. For Nansemond, LEMUEL RIDDICK and WILLIS RIDDICK, Esquires. For Middle- sex, EDMUND BERKELEY and JAMES MONTAGUE, Esquires. For Essex, JAMES EDMUNDSON and MERIWETHER SMITH, Esquires. For Dinwiddie, JOHN BANISTER and ROBERT BOLLING, Esquires. For William and Mary College, JOHN RANDOLPH, Esq; Attorney General. For Gloucester, TOMAS WHITING and LEWIS BUR- WELL, Esquires. For Henrico, RICHARD ADAMS and SAMUEL DUVAL, Esquires By the Warwick, McVey, from Genoa, we have authentick Intelligence of the Demise of the French King, which it is probable will materially affect the present political System of Europe. Extract of a Letter from a Gentleman in London, to his Friend in New York, dated April 25. ”The present great Topick, and universal Inquiry, is, what will the Americans do now? It is generally answered, they must submit, they cannot possibly do otherwise. The Boston Port Bill will speedily and ef- fectually execute itself. Taking away the Trade, ruins every Man of Property in the Place. This Idea will strike such a Panick as must ren- der it easy for Mr. Gage to obtain not only ample Indemnification for the East India Company, but Submission on the Part of the Bostonians, and Acknowledement of the Parliament’s Right to tax them; and should the Port Bill fail in effecting all this, a Corps de Reserve is at Hand, a Bill ready for the Royal Assent, new modelling their Constitution and Govern- ment, which will put such a Rein in the Minister’s Hand as may enable him to pull them which Way he pleases, or tear their Jaws. Boston, say they, must submit, and the same Measure will produce the same Effect, in every refractory Colony. An Idea has been held up by some of fixing a proportionate Quota to America, of the Expense of the Navy and Army, to be levied by your own Assemblies; some liked, while others derided, the Scheme. These last say, that Ministers of State scorn Quotas or Proportions, every Penny the People can bear is their only Rule in Taxation; and when the Americans submit, they will find it so. ”The Present Exertions of Government are considered as irresistible, by you; yet an Embargo, and restraining your Remittances, is not a little dreaded, and their only Confidence in that Respect is, that the Military will suppress your Mobs, who alone can effect either of these. The Cloud, indeed, seems thick at present; fed post nubila Phoebus.” Extract of another Letter, dated April 28. ”The Nation, as well as Government, are now impatiently waiting to hear how General Gage, and the Port Bill for Boston, will be received in America. That Bill is considered as a trite Measure, and what the Consequences of it may be God knows. It is generally throught this will be the last coercive Exertion on the Part of Great Britain. If she fails in this, she must strike in with you on your own Terms, or give you up altogether. It is not imagined the other Colonies will take up the Mat- ter, or consider it as a general Cause, but leave Boston to fight for her- self, and then the rest of Course must follow, and bow down with her to every Mode of Taxation.” FREDERICKSBURG, July 17. His Excellency the Earl of Dunmore arrived here in perfect Health on Friday Evening, and this Morning, at eight o’Clock, set out on his Way to the back Country. His Lordship’s Care for the poor Inhabitants that are settled in the Frontier Counties, which are now exposed to the Horrours of an Indian War, partly induces him to take this Journey; hoping that he may, after getting acquained with the Situation of Affairs in that Country, be able to give such Direc- tions as will in some Measure secure them and their Families from the Cruelties of the Savages, who have already done a good Deal of Mischief. The sculking Parties that have hitherto been discovered do not consist of many in a Body, and it is throught they intend some grand Stroke soon, as they have been seen pretty low down in the Settlements, in small Par- ties of five and six, and sometimes not more than three and four together, without doing any Mischief; from which, it is judged, their Business was to make themselves acquainted with the Country, and find out the Settlements, so that they may, at any Time, bring in a Party sufficient to destroy them at once, and retreat before any Body of Men could be collected to go against them. —The Crops of Wheat in this Neighbour hood will far exceed all Expectation, after receiving so severe a Shock as the frost on the 4th of May gave it. Harvest is now nearly got in, and the Farmers think they shall make two Thirds, if not three Fourths, of a Crop. A CARD. A VIRGINIAN presents his Compliments to the Jockey Clubs of Fredericksburg and Portsmouth, and begs that they will suppress their Sporting Spirit, till the Circumstances of America can permit it with more Decency. He also begs Leave to recommend to the most serious Consideration of these Clubs, whether their Purses, applied to the Relief of the distressed Bostonians, would not afford them more real Pleasure than all that can arise from viewing a painful Contest between two or three Animals. ADVERTISEMENTS. WILLIAMSBURG, July 22, 1774. WHEREAS some Time yesterday I had a MILCH COW most barbarously cut and mangled, by some Person or Persons unknown, I hereby offer a Reward of FIVE POUNDS to any One that can or will make Discovery thereof.__N. B. I bought her of Mr. Matthew Moody, Senior, at the Capital Landing, which Place she has frequented ever since she was my Property. ALEX: PURDIE. To be SOLD, to the highest Bidder, on MONDAY the 1st of August, at the Subscriber’s Plantation in King George, opposite to PORT ROYAL, TWENTY very likely Virginia born SLAVES, consisting of Men, Women, Boys, and Girls. Good Merchants Notes will be re- ceived, payable at the October General Court, and a Discount of five per Cent, allowed for ready Money. T. TURNER. PORT ROYAL, JUNE 22, 1774. RUN away from the Subscriber, a Mu- latto Man named GILBERT, five Feet five or six Inches high, by Trade a Shoemaker, has had the Smallpox very bad, the Top of his Head is shaved, and he combs it back like a Woman; he carried off a good many Clothes, so that I cannot describe his Dress. The same Night he absented there went an Eastern Shore Vessel down the River, which I expect he got on Board of. It is probable he will change his Name to Gilbert Morris, pass for a Feeman, and if possible will try to get out of the Colony. He is a Baptist, and I expect will show a little of it in Company. Any Person that will bring the said Slave to me, near Port Royal, shall have 50s. Reward, besides what the Law allows; and I hereby forewarn all Masters of Vessels from carrying him off, at their Peril. (2||) JOHN EVANS, Senior. RUN away from the Subscriber, in Buck- ingham a Negro Woman named BESS; had on, and carried with her, a green Calimanco Petticoat, a striped Holland Waistcoat, a Negro Cotton Petticoat, a Virginia Cloth one striped with Copperas and filled in with blue Yarn, two Osnabrug Shirts, one new, the other old. Whoever brings the said Negro to me, at Buckingham Courthouse, shall have 5£ Reward if taken in Carolina, and 30s. if in Virginia, besides what the Law allows. ARCHELAUS AUSTIN. RUN away from the Subscriber, in Albe- marle, a Convict Servant Man named EDWARD BUTLER, by Trade a Tailor, well made, five Feet ten Inches high, about 27 Years of Age, and wears his Hair, which is remarkable black. I have been infomred that he has changed his Name to Robert Donald. Who ever brings him to me, or secures him in any of his Majesty’s Jails, shall have 15£ Reward. (I||) BENJAMIN COLVARD. </div> </div> </div> </div> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Ink on paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Postscript to the Virginia Gazette Number 1189, Thursday July 21, 1774 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1774-07-21 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SCNP2019.18 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Purdie and Dixon Language A language of the resource English Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Purdie and Dixon, printer https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/e0ac4ab1f6bf5260641b729dfd657fd3.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=V28-DbOsEdJNI%7EUVjOLx%7EOuN5uGOVfE5gf9R82DSAdZ4-ruROTWfazN-dZsEny2Nkz-NkEZ9yZRZcn2wYvb888JRy0aZ4mzUTgdyHpTW065ZHnMEFf7sdDFFzVD20A2u-ho9jt9iMjLFlpWmFXf7OwzoExcKVztvG7op6PMF1mWknODrg%7En8tVwIocFw5heIVzkDYc6VuRsqNewvXo%7EZg8hngQ92ZOGsjSHV5GVbyI2s827RDDLb50z3Nl34cxcr4EAZxWmlTxzcAWuDk%7ELQZ4kKHWPGPG42jazlgkMVl90ElpHS9EzG74ZLVczW-W457zRvYeaf2bZVFyiLPXD25w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM b2f2e7073e9e1f3e7e87d08362c0a320 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/0fbea8abaca484c94bec9a8137a82a66.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=peb%7EwJwh1RjAmY0pQZxy4moWl-kafVIDw7OrFzlLwTF170ILf1PTcMqTsSFLHFLFInyRwv8omfqn9Bo8ZDc2wC5CAKxSRWPsmGFJWn8VuACUWS-BVsRNSrVvEsxA7vNMlncb1%7EZurfg2YJbZAA%7Ey0CEuOknR7GmgNSLpvOvHhJA56SC82E3HoEGwR2MFetojUj29ok-V5c3XaaxBFO3%7Ef2y2bpaNfKdgzLumhd-CIxoN0an8ZCkrEW8UaAWVnKxqkth%7EM8y-7pHeGTmGMJopCQ8zuUBxqyHBsdvwLxatWsM6sdrw4jSDaf9J3iiT8eYse%7E6X8fm3yS5YSuISxiCy9Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM c18e08a28539bd3f408673e0ee3eb2c2 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/df4720b1c97672d3b12037d334271399.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=HsUX3TGG9qjHKP5BD1iF8GG4WCKHboEEKLW47ZtTN4aP5Cw6mzyj7E-WR%7Evdr8KRmI003EqVZ-U%7EcRawRzS6Yfj2T13vRC6B94aNDaEKLhUg9q-m6FUWcMsAAuzroZMIbHYS1tSK6XrFWSDw4uRemdvqaxQ9aIKgkJv2x28QQ1i5oj-0q60d1TOKHUx5tkj3VpDmDbfSDMHXLRe%7E4Wgyd1x7TenApvBbI-ikIvHyZjGHWfsffvnmExpHAen5wCIagr4gNck%7EiXC07Pj8vNNO4iRLoIvc5gzvZh9n%7Eh4n4d2Fog4ics36EQDvuLd5%7EmNSq1S3pC4XcXCR29Xvi9LEQg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ba6765c35a4a7415eb15c200025426e8 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/50709/archive/files/d70dfd3d56c43700138ed58f1242d6e8.jpg?Expires=1773878400&Signature=oy6pSoCFTkOAU4q-uE7qjD0M5kPUjSJeR9jeOFFrlayOxnysRIfeDYGSr%7EMm7UFI7qyaxaQn558F63C4IJ6DG65VPsApl1b6FmcaSyMBJxZnha9ijclFSQriAioSJ6Qv78dlREsz2eKi3rIQ1xGU73bOKVFrHRLNlMj9mTw-eysoT-vfjsF1eaM%7EO5KV6GHgjaIrocBgMXSzaGjFLjbzlvcgj6PBd10RvjqlHLoeLjrS-oI0E3d5Z9KQ8RkNxWQRyGDpVkcu6ctTOq-bfE6vYmmzAZyrGGFHGMYoYwBgimiZyNHVedGCmdiESYxmznVvGde7S-FrsaoDY70%7EPbogUA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM eee8c5e1d47d2f7116e590a5d4e4acdc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource This collection consists of issues of The Virginia Gazette printed in 18th-century Norfolk and Williamsburg, Virginia. None of the Norfolk issues are digitally available through the <a href="https://research.colonialwilliamsburg.org/DigitalLibrary/va-gazettes/">Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Virginia Gazette site</a> nor are they indexed there. Some of the Williamsburg issues are also only available on this site. Those issues have been tagged as being "unique" to this site. All issues are held by Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation and are the best copy available there. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document <h5>Page 1</h5> THURSDAY, JULY 21, 1774. THE NUMBER 428. VIRGINIA GAZETTE. OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE. WILLIAMSBURG, PRINTED BY CLEMENTINA RIND. All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12s. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3s. the first Week, and 2s. each Time after; long ones in Proportion.———PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch. <div> <h6>Column 1</h6> The BRITISH AMERICAN. NUMBER VIII. FRIENDS, FELLOW CITIZENS, and COUNTRYMEN, YOU are now to consider the second plan proposed: That you shall immediately stop all exports and imports to and from Great Britain and the West India islands till the tea and Boston acts are repealed. This plan is recommended to you by men who profess themselves resolutely determined to oppose the arbitrary proceedings of the British parliament, but at the same time with you to adopt moderate measures; and I am convinced that they mean well, and are so heartily in earnest in their professions and their wishes, that if they can be convinced that the plan they propose will be the least effectual to avoid the jurisdiction claimed by the British parliament, and the most violent and dangerous measure which can be adopted, I have no doubt but they will readily give it up. It will not only be justifiable but highly commendable in you to lessen your imports from Great Britain, by confining yourselves to such articles as are absolutely necessary, and which you cannot manufacture yourselves; because unless you use the utmost frugality, the great balance which you already owe to the British merchants will be constantly encreasing till you become bankrupts; but to deny yourselves the common necessaries, or even the conveniencies, of life, whilst you are able to pay for them, in order to break off all connections with, and to distress, Great Britain, is surely no moderate measure. That you have been cruelly treated is certain; but in resenting that treatment you ought to distinguish between your friends and your enemies, and not, drawcansir like, destroy all you meet. The manufacturers of Britain never injured you, and probably dislike the measurers of administration as much as you do; it will be cruel in you to endeavour to starve them and their families for an insult to which they were no way accessary. But it is said that if this plan is adopted, the want of bread will lay them under a necessity of taking up arms, and of forcing a repeal of the acts you complain of. Not to mention that a measure, whose most distant prospect of success arises from forcing these innocent people into actual rebellion, and introducing all the horrors of a civil war in Britain, can never be deemed a moderate one, it would be highly dishonourable in you, instead of drawing your own swords, and facing your oppressors, like a brave people struggling for liberty, meanly (to take the advantage of their necessities) to force a number of starving wretches to expose themselves for your sakes to dangers you are afraid to encounter yourselves; and your conduct would certainly be very inconsistent in daring to refuse submission to British nobles, whilst, conscious of your own degeneracy and cowardice, you meanly trusted the preservation of your liberty to the bravery of British mechanics, whose secret wishes to restrain your manufactures, whose honest contempt of your shameful conduct, and whose pressing necessities for bread, would more probably induce them to enlist as soldiers to enslave than protect you. But consider a little further how far this scheme is practicable; imagine yourselves in the situation you shortly will be after you have adopted it. The want of salt will be a small inconvenience, but hickory ashes, though a poor substitute, may supply the place of it as well to you as it formerly did to the native Indians, and the live stock with which you will abound, when you no longer export provisions, will in a great measure render it unnecessary, by enabling you to kill fresh meat every day. Nails, without slitting mills, will be made with great difficulty; but logged cabbins may be built without them. Cloathes for yourselves and negroes are not worth thinking of; because you may confine yourselves and them to your houses in cold weather, and as you are to export nothing, the summer season will afford you time amply sufficient to raise provisions for your own use, and to lay in fuel for the winter. It is true your stocks may suffer a little in the winter, but this inconvenience may be remedied, in a great measure by providing such large quantities of provender for them in the summer as to suffer it to be exposed to them to go to, whenever they please, in weather too cold for naked men to distribute it to them. Elegancies and even luxuries, which many of you, by having been long accustomed to, now consider as the conveniencies, if not the necessaries of life, may be resigned as baubles, beneath the consideration of men who either desire or deserve to be free. The ladies, indeed, will be subjected to many disagreeable hardships, but their generous souls will submit to every inconvenience rather than see their posterity enslaved; and the great leisure you will have from contracting the cultivation of your lands will enable you to extend your manufactures till you can supply yourselves with every convenience, with every elegance, that rational men can desire. But till you can greatly improve your present manufactures, you will allow, my countrymen, that your situations will be rather uncomfortable. Are you certain that all America will chearfully submit to this situation? Did those who signed the association in the days of the stamp act religiously adhere to it? That there are some few refined souls in every colony, perhaps in every county of each colony, that will sacrifice their own private interest, subject themselves to every inconvenience, and deny themselves almost the common necessaries of life, to promote the public good, and to preserve the liberties of their country, I have no doubt; because history furnishes instances that such disinterested, such heroic characters, have existed, and I believe the inhabitants of America are possessed of as much virtue as those of other nations; but to imagine that all, or even a majority, of the inhabitants of a country, are possessed of such exalted ideas of patriotism, is a romantic supposition, which never has, nor, I fear, never will be warranted by the history of any nation whatever. Nor can we flatter ourselves that this angelic exertion of virtue will be general in America when we consider that many of her present inhabitants are, like birds of passage, settled only for a time, for the purposes of raising fortunes by trade, whose ultimate view is to return, with the fortunes they acquire, to the connections they have left behind them in Britain, and that there are others whose daily bread depends upon the continuance of the laws we complain of. These two sets of men, so far from observing such an association, will use every artifice to evade it themselves, and try every stratagem to tempt the vain to deceive the unwary, and to prevail upon the lukewarm to desert the common cause; and a general defection from the plan, when once adopted, can answer no other end than that of rendering you contemptible. But even supposing that all America should unite, as one man, in attempting this measure, the British aristocracy will never suffer you to carry it into execution; for let it be remembered, that one of the rights they claim is that of restraining your manufactures; and when you openly avow a design of purchasing no more of their manufactures they will immediately enforce that right of restraining you from making any of your own. But surely, say the proposers of this plan, they cannot force us to purchase from them whether we will or not. Very true; but if you refuse to do so they will endeavour to prevent you from purchasing those articles in any other market, and from making them yourselves. But, say the proposers of this plan, they have no right to do this. Very true; nor have they any right to make any kind of laws to govern you. But they will endeavour to shew you that they have the power of doing it; and though right and power are two distinct things, you may as well acknowledge the right as to submit to the power of legislation; and if you submit to the laws already made, you will soon have others, equally arbitrary imposed upon you, for restraining your manufactures. For my own part, I shall not be at all surprised if the very next session should furnish us with acts of parliament enacting, “that your smiths shops shall be destroyed as nuisances; tanning your own hides be declared a misdemeanor; combing your own wool be punished with fine and imprisonment; spinning your own flax subject you to the pillory; making your own shoes be made felony without benefit of clergy; fabricating </div> <div class="“column"> <h6>Column 2</h6> your own hats incur a premunire; weaving any kind of cloth be deemed an overt act of high treason; fashioning a canoe be chastised as an insult upon the British flag; building a boat be constituted an unpardonable act of rebellion; launching a ship be considered as an actual declaration of war; trials by juries be exploded, as dangerous appeals to the people, who are not to be trusted; new courts of admiralty be erected in their room, whose judges shall hold their commissions during pleasure, and be stimulated to enforce those acts, by sharing in the forfeitures and confiscations occasioned by their own judgments; and to extinguish every spark of public spirit, and to prevent a possibility of redress, your assem- blies will be dissolved, and the people no longer permitted to elect repre- sentatives, to urge their grievances, or to utter their complaints.” Do not, my countrymen, be so blind to your own welfare, as to imagine I am jesting upon this serious occasion, or that I am supposing acts of par- liament which can never exist. Reflect upon the different acts for pre- venting slitting mills; for erecting courts of admiralty for recovering the inland forfeitures imposed by the stamp act; for suspending the legislature of New York; for shutting up the port of Boston; for altering the charter of New England, which was more solemnly granted by majesty than their own magna charta; for screening the murtherers of the Ame- ricans; and the joint address, for both houses of parliament to his majesty, to transport the Americans themselves, to be imprisoned and ruined, if not butchered, in England; and you will be convinced that the cases I have supposed are by no means chimerical, and that there is no act of intemperance, injustice, or despotism, which the British arisotocra- cy will not attempt, to refrain America from manufacturing, the mo- ment you declare your intention of doing so. To enter, therefore, into associations against importing British manufactures, any farther than a rational attention to your circumstances, is surely no moderate measure, but must, at last, end in a humiliating submission, or oblige you to have recourse to that force which the proposers of this plan would wish to avoid. Let us now consider whether an association against exporting your com- modities would not be attended with still worse consequences: This plan, if it means any thing, is to distress Great Britain. But surely you can- not more effectually do this than by lessening your imports, and encreasing your exports, as much as possible; for by selling your commodities to the British merchants, and by taking none of theirs in exchange, you will encrease your own wealth by exhausting that of Britain. but it is objected, we are at present largely indebted to the British merchants: The more incumbent it is upon you to export all the commodities you can, to pay them as soon as possible; for you ought to have more grati- tude than to attempt to ruin the families of those who have been kind enough to furnish you not only with the elegancies, but the necessaries of life. Common honesty requires that you should pay your debts, and if you should refuse to do so, not only the persons injured, but all man- kind, will judge unfavourably of you, and declare, that instead of brave- ly contending for your liberties, you are knavishly endeavouring to cheat your creditors. Such a national breach of faith will unite all Europe against you, as a flagitious race of mortals, who do not deserve to be free; who ought to be considered as the pests of human society, and as such forced into submission, if not extirpated. For God’s sake, my countrymen, let your conduct be such that you shall be thought worthy of that freedom you contend for, and do not render yourselves the objects of contempt and abhorrence; for if you should even establish your liberty, in opposition to the united efforts of all Europe to reduce you, it may never be in your power to manifest your honest intentions of making retribution. Many of you and your creditors may be dead before the dispute is decided, and then very with- holding the sums you owe for a short period, from men in trade, may irretrievably reduce the survivors and their families to ruin, and Ame- rican become as proverbially infamous as punic faith. But it is said, that by withholding your tobacco you will immediately make the minister sensible of his folly, in the instant effect it will have upon the revenue. But when you consider that the tax upon tobacco is finally paid by the British inhabitants who consume it, and consequently is actually raised in England, and if the tax ceases upon this luxury, the same sum may be raised by laying it on some other, and that by doing so, the subjects of Britain will pay no more than they do at present, or, in other words, the same sum of money may be still raised, by altering only the mode of raising it; the inconvenience will not be so great as is at first sight imagined; and even supposing it otherwise, by giving this temporary shock to administration, may you not fix a lasting inconve- nience upon yourselves? Accustomed to the use of that commodity, when they are no longer supplied by you, may not the inhabitants of Britain look out for a supply of it from some other quarter? And may you not lose that valuable branch of trade altogether? If there is no danger of this, or if the loss of it should be thought not worth regreting, at least confine your plan of non-importation to tobacco only, or, what will be still wiser, determine to make no more of it till the points you contend for are established. But to injure yourselves by devoting your wheat and corn to be destroyed by the weavils and other vermin in your own useless barns, will be indiscreet, to starve your fellow subjects and fellow sufferers of the West Indies will be inhuman, and to encrease the wealth of Great Britain, by raising to an exorbitant height the price of her wheat and provisions in those foreign markets, which you at pre- sent supply, will be downright madness to think of. Upon the whole, policy, humanity, a just regard for your national character, gratitude, and common honesty, all forbid you to adopt the second plan proposed, as it would most certainly end in a scandalous and unpitied submission, or introduce a civil war, aggravated with all the inconveniencies attending a good cause turned into a bad one, by rash, indiscreet, and unjustifiable measures. If we are obliged to struggle for our liberty, with arms in our hands, let us not unerve the sinews of war. If we are at last forced, through unwillingly, to draw the sword, let us do it in a just cause; let us be careful that we are not the aggressors; let us point our resentment against our oppressors; but let us not wound the bosoms of our friends; let us conduct ourselves in such a manner as to raise the prayers of the righteous for our success, and if we do fall, let us fall revered and la- mented; but not execrated and despised by all mankind. But I am far from thinking that you are yet in this desperate situation, and am not without hopes that you may still establish your liberty without having recourse to the decision of the sword. But to avoid this, it will be ab- solutely necessary to convince your oppressors that you dare to do it rather than be enslaved. The measures to be taken, in order to convince them, naturally lead me to the consideration of the third plan proposed, which, I confess, appears to me the most constitutional, the most rational, the most moderate, and the most effectual measure you can pursue; and to prove that it is so shall be the subject of my next. I shall conclude this with one remark, which I submit to the serious attention of my coun- trymen: You may remember that the second plan proposed came first recommended to you from your friends on the other side the Atlantic. Now, though many of the inhabitants of Great Britain think that the British parliament have no right to tax you, and sincerely disapprove the hostile and violent measures pursued by them against you, yet there is not one man of them who does not insist that you ought to submit to the supreme legislation of the British parliament, and therefore would wish you to avoid every measure of contesting with success, the supremacy they claim, of restraining your manufactures, and of securing to them- selves the whole profit of your labours. Hence they will never advise you to adopt any other than temporizing measures, to avoid the evil of a present oppression, without considering, that to admit the dependence, must one time or other necessarily end in despotism to them, and slavery to you. Again, the British people are of two factions: The first consists </div> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> of a majority of the two houses of parliament, and composes the aristo- cracy; these are called the ins. The second consists of the minority of those houses, and are called the outs; most of whom would be willing to be taken into the aristocracy, and become ins if they could; and when- ever they are, would be as vioent against you as their brethren. With this view the outs now pretend to be your friends, and advise you to adopt measures that would do, what? Settle the dispute at once. By no means; for that would lessen their own consequence. but such as may subject the ins to temporary inconveniencies, and oblige them to admit some of theouts to share with them in the emoluments of administration; listen therefore to them with a suspicious ear; “hear each man’s cen- sure, but reserve your judgment,” and constantly revolve in your minds these truths: That American liberty can only be preserved by Ameri- can virtue, and that if you determine to dare to be free, you will be so. I am, my countrymen, A BRITISH AMERICAN. Mrs. RIND, BY giving the enclosed a place in your next paper you will oblige the public, and a number of your customers, besides Your very humble servant, VIRGINIANUS. ALARMING SOLILOQUYS. I. What nation was it that twice joined the French in the plan for abolishing the protestant religion, therefore invited the pretender over to Britain, and then assisted him with all their might to usurp the govern- ment of England by force, thereby to subject all true protestants to popish persecution, or death?———Why it was the rebellious Scotch. II. Who was it that planned the ruin of American liberty by framing and instituting the stamp act, together with the rest of those most odious and oppressive revenue acts for imposing a tax on the Americans, without their consent?———Why the Scotch. III. Who was it that so far abused the power and authority entrusted with them by a deluded K—g, as to perpetrate the enforcing the said acts, by sending fleets and armies to distress loyal subjects in America?—— Why the Scotch. IV. Whose influence over a corrupt parliament was it that has shaken the very constitution of England by disannulling the almost unanimous election of the freeholders of Middlesex?———Why it was the Scotch. V. Who are they that are now aiming at arbitrary and tyrannic power in almost every part of the English dominions?———Why are they not the Scotch? VI. Why then every American who joins with the Scotch, in oppo- sition against his own countrymen, ought to be deemed an enemy to liberty and his country, and therefore should forever by despised and discountenanced by every one who values his property or his freedom. To the author who stiles himself AN ENGLISHMAN. SIR, I HAVE perused your performance of June last, in the NORFOLK INTELLIGENCER: It contains reflections highly injurious to the honour of our last assembly, and evinces principles of the most dangerous tendency to the welfare of this country, and though, if left to itself, its influence would be small or the sensible and discerning, yet as all mankind are not thus circumstanced, there arises a necessity that the doctrines it inculcates should be sufficiently exposed. I do not expect, by this publication, to alter your opinion (that, I fear, will require a stronger effort than argument) but such only of my country- men, who from inattention to questions of this nature, may be liable to imposition. I own, I wish the public had as fair a view of you as of your production, that they might bestow such indelible marks of their approbation as the peculiar nature of the service requires. Your position that a constitution both wise and happy in its original principles is able to give her laws weight in the remotest corners of the state proves nothing; it may be admitted, without the least prejudice to the American cause: For such a constitution, while she preserved her primitive purity, could never affect her distant provinces by any measures participating of such prin- ciples. Its wisdom would be a security against oppression, and its diffusive happiness a blessing to the whole; for what constitution, that was wise and happy in its creation, ever had despotism for the object? But it is known, from unhappy experience, that states, as well as men, frequently depart from their first principles. This was the case of the republic of Rome, and I fear, too, is the case with Britain. Rome had wisdom and virtue, the surest pledge of happiness, for its basis; and political liberty was the consequence. As long as she adhered to the design of her constitution she flourished, and became the mistress of the world; till luxury and venality, more hostile to her quiet than legions of armies, at first controuled and then destroyed her; and now she is as The baseless fabric of a vision. To extend the comparison, is replete with horror; but let all true Englishmen beware, that by introducing despotism into their provinces, they open a door into their own vitals. But to pursue the subject of British supremacy, the controverting of which, has drawn these severe re- flections on our late assembly; and let me ask, from whence this inward conviction of their supreme right is derived? It is really the result of sober reason, or the frantic ebullition of a disordered mind? Or does it proceed from some other cause, which prudence thought proper to conceal? If from the former, who was not the position proved by argument? Why rashly condemn a respectable body (even of Americans) and turn them over to such a chastisement as government shall be please to inflict with- out first demonstrating their guilt? A certainty of the crime should surely precede the punishment. This is the mode of proceeding in that country which you glory in as your greatest honour; it was then (prior to censure) a necessary duty to have satisfied the public the right of tax- ation was in the British parliament; for if it is not, the opposition was strictly consistent, and the quartering troops on the town of Boston, to enforce non-existent laws, is unquestionably hostile invasion. But it is easy to be discovered why you did not attempt to prove your political thesis: You well knew the enquiry would have been involved in such a labyrinth of absurdity, that human invention could not have afforded assistance; more exalted penmen have beat the tract before you with equal success. The immortal Locke and Sidney have formed such in- vincible obstacles that the wiles of sophistry shall never prevail against them. Those ornaments of the English nation have laid it down as an undeniable principle that liberty is a blessing to which the whole race of mankind have an original title, whereof nothing but unlawful force can divest them. And let me now enquire why the Americans should be exempted from the rights of human nature? Were they not born as free as the people of England? Are not their assemblies as fair a representa- tive of the people as the parliament of Great Britain? And have not those assemblies been acknowledged by government? Are they not sub- jects of the same king? Doth not the same sun shine over them? And have they not the same God for their protector? Am I a freeman in England, and do I, by the magical influence of a prime minister, be- come a slave again in twenty days, by crossing the Atlantic? This indeed is strange ! is passing strange! and only reconcileable to those determined on injustice. It is alledged that our delegates were culpable in departing from the object recommended by the executive power; by this, I pre- sume, is meant, the not raising supplies, as it seems there was not ne- cessity for lending their assistance to the expiring fee bill. But here I cannot but approve of their conduct in refusing to grant to his majesty, before they knew they had any thing to give; for if the British parlia- ment have a right to impose taxes, it evidently follows, our own assem- blies have not, for that would be reducing us to a state of complex </div> <h5>Page 2</h5> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 2</h6> taxation; an absurdity not to be tolerated by the English constitution. But every measure tending to controvert the supreme power of Britain is viewed through the medium of a false perspective, or else the setting apart a day for humiliation and prayer could never have given offence. Certainly to return good for evil, to pray for them that despitefully use you, is in strict conformity to the christian tenets. What sarcasm or injury could be intended by imploring the Divinity, that the parliament might receive a greater portion of wisdom; unless, indeed, it is thought they are at present so overcharged as not to be capable of admitting an addition? If this is the case, they require not the assistance of prayer; but if the fact is not so, with respect to that august body, it is surely a friendly office in those who interpose for an encrease. The imputation of our being impressed with visionary ideas of democratical happiness is as void of truth as of probability. No people existing are more loyal, no go- vernment is so favourable to our religion as that of a limited monarchy; and the annals of our country evince we were so much attached to it as even to proclaim a Stewart long before they had got quit of their repub- lican ideas in England. But to encounter the heavy charge of dishonesty, in declining all commercial intercourse (for this is the very bug-bear of every brooding cynic) the fear of incurring the reputation of national injustice, is, I own, extremely laudable, and ought to be encouraged in every well regulated community; but it is still to be remembered that positive laws ought in some instances to give way to those of necessity. There is a time when we must have recourse to original principles; when no longer fettered by human institutions, we obey the unchangeable laws of nature. The guarding ourselves against an impending danger, and the using the means of prevention, is not only tolerated by the mind. The principle of self-preservation runs throughout the whole ani mal existence. In these cases the action is discovered to be just, or unjust, by a comparison with the cause which produced it, and wherever the evil originated, stamps the denomination. If it did not proceed from us, a necessary act of self-defence, to avert that evil, cannot be attri- buted as a crime, but a virtue. I do not insist that such an expedient ought to be adopted. I leave the discussion to men of more enlightened understandings. But if necessity should evince its utility, that it is not unjust, especially as it is intended as a temporary suspension, not an ex- tinction of right, and the injured will always have it in their power, by removing the cause, to remove the effect also, it may bear hard on some who have the inclination and not the ability to befriend us; but how can such be distinguished? We can be viewed only in the light of distinct societies; the separation is impracticable, and, in a constitutional sense, all are supposed to have consented to the acts of those who represent them. I would recommend to such as may be affected a submission, without murmuring, to whatever may be the general sense of the peo- ple. I think, in gratitude they ought. They have long enjoyed the benefits of an exclusive trade. If we believe an authority of the highest repute, their estates in England have been raised from 15 to 30 years purchase, and the encreased opulence of the united kingdom is scarcely to be imagined. I could heartily with justice could be obtained without having recourse to so critical an experiment. A knowledge of what is past, however, has demonstrated that our complaints are only regarded by the consequences produced by our measures. But if we credit the assertions of theEnglishman, all our friends act from selfish principles. This I do not believe any more than that the person who asserts the fact is really what he pretends he is. His principles of passive obedience, and ignorance of the constitution, convince me he is much better acquaint- ed with the rescript of the emperor than with any tract of English juris- prudence. The character of Mr. Pitt I shall not attempt to defend; it requires no protection from argument; the history of his country is his best panegyric; the splendour of a title could not have attracted his at- tention, because no title on earth could ennoble him. Those patriots in the house of commons, who had the rectitude to withstand the tempta- tion of plundered provinces, did all that men could do in their situ- ation. Their not doing more for the public good was not owing to a want of virtue in themselves, but a want of it in those with whom they contended. They pointed out to their countrymen, the avenues to prosperity and happiness. Cicero, Brutus, and Cato, did the same; but such was the supremacy of all commanding gold,* that the most salutary admonition, only reflected ignominy and insult on the person who gave it. The measure of iniquity was full, and they preached to the air. But let not my countrymen be alarmed with imaginary dangers, from an opposition of government. There is no law which prevents an in- jured people from meeting to deliberate on public grievances. If such assemblies had been unlawful, the meeting at the London Tavern would not have been permitted. The solid pursuits of government, with respect to supremacy, can only be obstructed by as solid pursuits in the people. Our ancestors braved the greatest dangers in defence of their liberties; witness those glorious atchievements in the days of the haughty Plan- tagenet, and of the arbitrary Stewart.; Let them not be dishonoured in the conduct of their descendants; remember the contest is with sub- jects, and the prize is liberty. I am, with as great loyalty to my king, and as sincere a regard for the constitution as dwells in the heart of any Englishman upon earth, your obedient servant, AMERICANUS. * Urbem venalem & mature perituram si emptorem in venerit, are the expressions of JUGURTHA. To Mrs. RIND. MADAM, THE generous disposition that I found prevailing in the county of Westmoreland to relieve their worthy distressed fellow subjects in BOSTON, by subscribing a supply of grain to be sent for their use whilst they continue under the cruel oppression of ministerial tyranny, led me naturally to reflect on the great advantages derived to human nature from the benevolent passions implanted in the human breast by the great author of our existence. Both humanity and found policy appear to recommend this, or similar measures, to all the counties in this colony, and to all British America. The brave people of Boston are certainly suffering in the common cause of British liberty; but he must be senseless as the earth he treads on who sees not that the attack on Boston is the beginning of a wicked system to enslave all North America, by compelling submission to arbitrary taxes from one colony at a time, until all are made to bend beneath the yoke of oppression, and quietly to yield their property into the hands of lawless violence. BENEVOLUS. Mrs. RIND, By inserting the following CARD you will oblige many. A VIRGINIAN presents his compliments to the JOCKEY CLUBS of Fredericksburg and Portsmouth, and begs that they will sup- press their sporting spirit till the circumstances of America can permit it with more decency. He also begs leave to recommend it to the most serious consideration of these clubs, whether their purses, applied to the relief of the distressed BOSTONIANS, would not afford them more real pleasure than all that can arise from viewing a painful contest be- tween two or three animals? HERE FOLLOW THE RESOLVES ENTERED INTO BY DIFFERENT COUNTIES IN VIRGINIA. ON Monday the 18th of July the freeholders and other inhabitants of York county met, according to public notice, at the courthouse in York, to consider what was to be done in the present distressed and alarming situation of affairs throughout the British colonies in America. THOMAS NELSON, junior, esquire, being unanimously chosen moderator, opened the business of the meeting with the following ADDRESS, to the people: Friends and Countrymen, WE are met to-day upon one of the most important matters that can engage the attention of men. You are all well acquainted with the attacks which have lately been made by the British parliament upon, what is dearer to Americans than their lives, their liberties. You have heard of the acts of oppression which have passed against a sister colony, under which it is now actually groaning, and you must be sensible that this is only a prelude to the designs of parliament upon every other part of this wide extended continent. In this light did our late truly patriotic and honourable house of burgesses regard it, and I am not now to inform you what has been the consequence. Our assembly has been dissolved, our country left without laws for its government, and without means of defending itself against an invading enemy. In this melancholy situation of things, many of our late worthy representatives convened in Wil- liamsburg, and there agreed, after they should collect the sentiments of the people throughout the colony, to meet again on the first day of August next, and concert such measures as would be most likely to pro- cure us a speedy redress of our grievances, and security against them for the time to come. You are now called together to deliberate upon these matters, to chuse who shall represent you in the approaching important meeting, and to furnish them with your sentiments upon those things which are to come before them. I need not observe how much you are concerned in the event of their proceedings. You all know what it is to be FREE MEN; you know the blessed privilege of dong what you will with your own, and you can guess at the misery of those who are </div> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 2</h6> deprived of this right. Which of these will be your case depends upon your present conduct. We have found already that petitions and remon- strances are ineffectual, and it is now time that we try other expedients. We must make those who are endeavouring to oppress us feel the effects of their mistaken, of their arbitrary policy; for not till then can we expect justice from them. From the public papers we learn the senti- ments of many of the counties of Virginia, and it appears that they think it necessary for the accomplishing of their purposes to drop, till they are redressed, alll commercial intercourse with Great Britain. Whether consistently with justice, as a people in dept, we can stop our exports, is a point which seems doubtful; but that imports ought to be prohibited necessity demands, and no virtue forbids. It is not supposed that we can do this without subjecting ourselves to many inconveniencies; but inconveniencies, when opposed to a loss of freedom, are surely to be disregarded. Besides, I am told, by men acquainted with these things, that the goods already in the country, and those expected in the fall, will be sufficient to supply the wants of all Virginia for two years. In the mean time, we must, if our grievances be not redressed, turn our attention to the breeding of sheep, the raising of flax, hemp, and cotton, and to manufactures. It is true, we must resign the hope of making fortunes; but to what end should we make fortunes, when they may be taken from us at the pleasure of others? I hope you will take these matters into your most serious consideration. Weigh them with that attention which matters of such moment merit. Determine with wisdom and moderation; and, once determined, let no difficulties or dangers shake your resolutions. It was then unanimously resolved, that as the constitutional assemblies of Virginia have been prevented from exercising their right of providing for the security of the liberties of the people, that right again reverts to the people, as the fountain from whence all power and legislation flow; a right coeval with human nature, and which they claim from the eternal and immutable laws of nature’s God. Resolved also, that DUDLEY DIGGES, and THOMAS NELSON, junior, esquires, do attend at the city of Williamsburg, on the first day of August next, in a general convention from the other counties in Virginia, there to exert their utmost abilities to put a stop to that grow- ing system of ministerial despotism which has so long threatened the de- struction of America. And that you, our delegates, may be made acquainted with the sentiments of the people of this county, it is their opinion that you proceed to chuse proper persons to represent the colony of Virginia in a general congress of America, to meet at such time and place as may hereafter be agreed on. That these representatives be instructed to form a declaration of Ameri- can rights, setting forth that British America, and all the inhabitants there- of, shall be and remain in due subjection to the crown of England, and to the illustrious family of the throne; submitting by their own voluntary act, and enjoying all the freedoms and privileges of the free people of England; that it is the first law of legislation, and of the British con- stitution, that no man shall be taxed but by his own consent, expressed either by himself or his representative; that the Americans cannot be represented in the British parliament; and therefore, that every edict of the British parliament imposing any tax or custom, duty, or imposition whatsoever, on the people of America, without their consent, is illegal, and subversive of the first principles of the British constitution, and of the natural rights of men; that it is the undoubted right and true interest of the sovereign, as supreme ruler of the whole empire, to provide for the welfare of his subjects within the realm at the head of the British parliament, and of those in America at the head of his American assem- blies, by laws adapted to their local situation, and suited to the exigences of each; and, by that negative with which he is invested by the consti- tution, to restrain the different states of his extensive dominion from enacting laws to destroy the freedom, and prejudice the interests, of one another; that the king, in his British parliament, shall have a supremacy for regulating the trade of America, with this reasonable reserve, that all the British colonies enjoy a free trade with each other; and that no tax, duty, or imposition whatsoever, be laid by the British parliament, on any article which the American colonies are obliged to import from Great Britain only; and that this right of supremacy be deemed or expressed a resignation by our own voluntary act, flowing from a just sense of the protection we have hitherto received from Great Britain. And farther, the people of this county are of opinion that the act of the British parliament laying a duty on tea, for the purpose of raising a revenue, to be collected in America without her consent, is an illegal tax. That the act which blocks up the port of Boston destroys her trade, and subjects her inhabitants to the worst of inconveniencies and hard- ships, is oppressive and unconstitutional; that the people of Boston in- curred the displeasure of parliament by a just defence of their liberties and properties; and that the cause for which they suffer is the general cause of every British colony in America. That the bill, commonly called the murdering bill, if passed into an act, is not only unconstitutional, but shocking to human nature; that its evident design is to privilege the soldiers to commit with impunity the most cruel outrages even against the lives of Americans, whist it cuts off from an accused American every hope of being acquitted. That the most effectual means of obtaining a speedy redress of Ame- rican grievances is to put a stop to imports from Great Britain, with as few exceptions as possible, until the said oppressive acts be repealed, and American rights established; and that what relates to exports be left to the determination of the convention in August. That industry and frugality be adopted, in their largest extent, throughout this colony; and that horse-racing, and every other species of expensive amusement, be laid aside, as unsuitable to the situation of the country, and unbecoming men who feel for its distresses. That the first day of September next, or the time of the general con- gress, be set apart as a day of prayer and supplication to the almighty disposer of human events, to direct the counsels of the Americans, and so to dispose the heart of our sovereign, that a general harmony may be restored to the British empire. That a subscription be immediately opened for the relief of the inha- bitants of BOSTON, under the direction of the deputies for this coun ty, who are desired to promote and encourage the same. That the above resolves and opinions be published in the Virginia Gazette. WILLIAM RUSSELL, Clerk. Business being finished, the deputies were invited to a genteel enter- tainment provided for them by the inhabitants of York county, as a testimony of their entire approbation of the conduct of these gentlemen. At a meeting of the freeholders and inhabitants of the county of New Kent, at the courthouse of the said county, on Tuesday the 12th day of July, 1774, THOMAS ADAMS, esquire, being first chosen moderator, and WILLIAM CLAYTON, esquire, clerk, the present state of America being seriously and duly considered, the following RESOLUTIONS were proposed and agreed to as an instruction to our deputies hereafter named. RESOLVED, that our sovereign lord king George the third is lawful and rightful king of Great Britain, and all his dominions in America, to whose royal person and government we profess all due subjection, obedience, and fidelity, and that we will at all times defend and protect the just rights of his majesty with our lives and fortunes. Resolved, that the inhabitants of the British colonies in America are entitled to all the rights, liberties, and privileges, of freeborn English subjects. Resolved, that the rights to impose taxes, or duties, to be paid by the inha- bitants of this dominion, for any purpose whatever, is peculiar and essential to the general assembly, in whom the legislative authority of the colony is placed, and that taxation and representation are inseparable. Resolved, that the trial by a jury of the vicinage is the glory of the English law, and the best security for the life, liberty, and property, of the subject, and is the undoubted birthright of all his majesty’s freeborn American subjects. Resolved, that the several acts and resolutions of the parliament of Great Britain, made during his present majesty’s reign, imposing taxes on the inhabi- tants of America, for the express purpose of raising a revenue, and for alter- ing the nature or punishment of offences committee in America, or the method of trial of such offences, are unconstitutional, arbitrary, and unjust, and destruc- tive of the rights of America, and that we are not bound to yield obedience to any such acts. Resolved, that the late cruel, unjust, and sanguinary, acts of parliament, to be executed by military force, and ships of war, upon our sister colony of the Massachusetts Bay, and town of Boston, is a strong evidence of the corrupt influence obtained by the British ministry in parliament, and a convincing proof of their fixed intention to deprive the colonies of their constitutional rights and liberties. Resolved, that the cause of the town of Boston is the common cause of all the American colonies. Resolved, that is it the duty and interest of all the American colonies firmly to unite in an indissoluble union and association to oppose, by every just and proper means, the infringements of their rights and liberties. Resolved,* that we do heartily approve of the resolutions and proceedings of our several late assemblies for asserting and supporting the just rights and liber- ties of America, from their patriotic resolves in 1765 to this time. Resolved, that we will most firmly unite with the other counties in this colony in such measures as shall be approved of by a majority, as the best and most proper method of preserving our rights and liberties, and opposing the said unconstitutional acts of parliament. </div> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> Resolved, that the most effectual method of opposing the said several acts of parliament will be to break off all commercial intercourse with Great Britain until the said acts shall be repealed. Resolved, that the several counties within this colony ought to nominate and appoint for every county proper deputies, to meet upon the first day of August next, in the city of Williamsburg, then and there to consult and agree upon the best and most proper means for carrying into execution these or any other resolutions which shall be best calculated to answer the purposes aforesaid. Resolved, that it be earnestly recommended to the deputies at the said general convention to nominate and appoint fit and proper persons on behalf of this colony, to meet such deputies as shall be appointed by the other colonies, in general con- gress, to consult and agree upon a firm and indissoluble union and association for preserving, by the best and most proper means, their common rights and liber- ties. Resolved, that BURWELL BASSETT and BARTHOLOMEW DANDRIDGE, esquires, our late and present worthy representatives, be and they are hereby nominated and appointed deputies, on the part and behalf of the freeholders and inhabitants of this county, to meet such deputies as shall be appointed by the other counties within this colony, in the city of Williams- burg, on the first day of August next, or at any other time or place for the purpose aforesaid. Resolved, further, that our said deputies agree to join in any proper means that shall be adopted for the immediate relief of the present necessities of the inhabitants of the town of Boston. Resolved, that the clerk transmit the foregoing resolutions and instructions to the printer, to be published. WILLIAM CLAYTON, clerk of the meeting. At a meeting of the freeholders and other inhabitants of Essex county, at the courthouse thereof, on Saturday the 9th of July, 1774, seriously to con- sider the present dangers which threaten ruin to American liberty, Mr. JOHN UPSHAW being chosen moderator, the following RESOLVES were proposed and unanimously agreed to. I. RESOLVED, that we will, at all times, and upon all occasions, bear true and faithful allegiance to his majesty king George the third, and that, as freemen, we always have been, and ever shall be, willing constitutionally to give and grant liberally our property for the support of his crown and dignity, and the preservation of our parent state; but that we can never consent to part with it on any other terms. II. Resolved, that the legislature of this colony, for the purpose of internal taxation, is distinct from that of Britain, founded upon the principles of the British constitution, and equal, in all respects, to the purposes of legislation and taxation within this colony. III. Resolved, that the people of this colony in particular, and of America in general, have a clear and absolute right to dispose of their property by their own consent, expressed by themselves or by their representatives in assembly, and any attempt to tax, or take their money from them in any other manner, and all other acts tending to enforce submission to them, is an exertion of power, contrary to natural justice, subversive of the English constitution, destructive of our charters, and oppressive. IV. Resolved, that the town of Boston, in our sister colony of Massachusetts Bay, is now suffering in the common cause of North America, for their just opposition to such acts; and it is indispensibly necessary that all the colonies should firmly unite in defence of our common rights. V. Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that an agreement to stop all exports to, and imports from, Great Britain and the West Indies, firmly entered into and religiously complied with, will at all times, prove a safe and infallible means of securing us against the evils of any unconstitutional and tyrannical acts of parliament, and may be adopted upon the principles of self preservation, the great law of nature. VI. Resolved, that the inhabitants of this county will firmly join with the other counties in this colony, and the other colonies on this continent, or a ma- jority of them, to stop all exports to, and imports from, Great Britain and the West Indies, and all other parts of the world, except the colonies of North America, if such a measure shall be deemed expedient by the deputies at the general congress, and that whatever agreement the congress shall come to, for the advantage of the common cause of North America, relating to exports, imports, or otherwise, ought to be considered as binding as any act of legislature, and that we will use our utmost endeavours to support and maintain such gene- ral agreement, at the expence of our lives and fortunes. VII. Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that the several courts in this colony ought not to proceed to the forwarding or trial of civil causes until our exports are opened. VIII. Resolved, that is is the opinion of this meeting, that the East India company, having a design to monopolize a great part of the American trade, to the injury of the other merchants of Britain trading to America, and knowing well the fatal consequences that must have resulted from their fixing a pre- cedent for future taxes, by importing tea into the colonies, became the willing instruments of the ministry to destroy American liberty, and deserve the loss they have sustained. IX. Resolved, that we do most heartily concur with our late worthy repre- sentatives in their resolve for the disuse of tea, and that we will not hereafter purchase any East India commodities whatsoever. X. Resolved, that the spirited conduct of the town of Boston hath been serviceable to the cause of freedom (all other methods having failed) and that no reparation ought to be made to the East India company, or others their assistants, for any injury they have sustained, unless it be the express condition on which all our grievances shall be removed. XI. Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that any general cen- sure upon the conduct of the town of Boston respecting the tea, without allow- ing to them the motives of resistance upon the principles of public virtue and necessity, is inimical to American liberty, and we are persuaded that none but ministerial hirelings, and professed enemies of American freedom, will adopt a language so impolitic, which manifestly tends to create a disunion of sentiments, at this time, fatal to America. XII. Resolved, that the parliament have no right to pass an act to remove our persons to Great Britain, or any other place whatsoever, to be tried for any offence, and that we are determined not to submit thereto. XIII. Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting, that no merchant in this, or any other colony on this continent, shall advance the goods now on hand higher than they are at present, or have been for some time, and that the mer- chants in the several counties sign an agreement to that effect. XIV. Resolved, that a subscription be set on foot for raising provision for the poor of Boston, who now suffer by the blocking up their ports, and that Robert Beverly, John Lee, and Muscoe Garnett, in Saint Anne’s parish, and Archibald Ritchie, and John Upshaw, in the upper part of Southfarnham parish, and Meriwether Smith, and James Edmondson, in the lower part thereof, take in subscriptions for that purpose, who are to consign what may be raised to some proper person to be distributed, and the before mentioned gen- tlemen are empowered to charter a vessel to send it to Boston. XV. Resolved, that this meeting have the deepest sense of the injuries in which the merchants and manufacturers of Great Britain must necessarily be involved by a non-importation resolution, they having placed an almost un- limited confidence in us for a series of years, and by that means have the greatest part of their fortunes lodged in our hands, and that nothing but the desire of preserving our rights and liberties could induce us to adopt a measure big with such melancholy consequences. XVI. Resolved, that JAMES EDMONDSON, and WILLIAM ROANE, esquires, the late representatives of this county, be and they are hereby ap- pointed deputies to represent us at the general meeting of deputies for the several counties in this colony, on the 1st day of August, in Williamsburg, and we desire that they will exert their best abilities for the security of our constitutional rights and liberties, and to appoint deputies to meet, at the general congress, the deputies of the other colonies on this continent. XVII. Resolved, that the clerk transmit the foregoing proceedings to the printers, to be published, in their gazettes. WILLIAM YOUNG, Clerk of the meeting. At a general meeting of the inhabitants of the county of Dinwiddie, at the courthouse, on Friday the 15th of July, in consequence of pre- vious notice from their late representatives, and an intimation of their desire to be advised and instructed, relative to the differences now un- happily subsisting between Great Britain and her colonies, after mature deliberation on this most interesting subject, they unanimously came to the following declaration of their sentiments, which are intended to ma- nifest to the world the principles by which they are actuated in a dispute so important, as that they conceive, on its decision, depends the political existence of all America. WE, the inhabitants of the county of Dinwiddie, do entertain the most cordial and unfeigned affection and loyalty for his majesty’s person and government, which, together with his right to the crown of Great Britain, and its dependencies, we will at all times defend and support, at the risk of our lives and fortunes, and under so true a conviction of the firmest allegiance, we think ourselves entitled, as a constitutional right, to protection from that sovereign to whom we have been ever attached by the strongest ties of duty and inclination. But however happy we may consider ourselves under the auspices of thei supreme ma- gistrate, we cannot help being apprehensive of the ill effects which may flow from some recent and dangerous innovations, imagined and con- trived in the house of commons, against those rights to which the Ame- ricans have a just and a constitutional claim in common with his majesty’s subjects of Great Britain. Amongst these instances of oppression we cannot omit the parliament’s retention of a duty on tea, accompanied by an act declaratory of their right in the fullest manner to tax America, </div> <h5>Page 3</h5> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 1</h6> thereby asserting in other terms their claim to whatever property the Americans may by their labour acquire, which submitted to, would re- duce us to a degree of servility unexampled but in a state of despotism; and yet inconsistent as this plan of substituting power for right may ap- pear with the noble and liberal spirit of the British government, it has been adopted for some time by administration, and pursued with a per- severance that becomes truly alarming. A late and striking proof of which we have to lament in the unprecedented acts of parliament for cutting off the people of Boston from every privilege valued by free men, and subjecting them to hardships unknown but in arbitrary governments. In pursuance of which acts their town and harbour are blocked up, all commerce interdicted, and articles merely essential to life only imported, and as a matter of favour, and an inducement to submission. A part of their property may be held at the King’s pleasure, on the humiliating condition of their living in obedience to such laws. To aggravate these evils, should the most atrocious murder be committed in enforcing the execution of any of these acts, the civil power is forbid to punish, but the criminal is to be sent for trial to Great Britain, or to any colony, at the will of the governor; if to the former the distance will operate to his acquittal for want of testimony; if the latter method is adopted it is equally a subversion of the legal form of trial. This proves in what esti- mation our lives are with a British Parliament, as the first law shews in what light they consider our property. Upon these distressful circumstances we sincerely sympathize with our fellow subjects of Boston, and will concur with them and the rest of the colonies in any measures that may be conductive to a repeal of laws so de- structive to our common rights and liberty. And though we do not pretend to justify the outrage committed by the people of Boston in destroying the private property of the East India company, to which they might have been impelled by an apparent inten- tion in the parliament of fixing on them a precedent of arbitrary taxa- tion, yet we cannot see the good policy or right reason that could dictate the depriving a whole people of their rights for a trespass committed by a few, when the civil laws of the community were amply provident of redress for the injury. The result of our opinion upon these violent measures is, that we do protest against every law or act of the British legislature that shall autho- rise the imposition of taxes on the Americans without their consent, which cannot be had in parliament, as they have no representation, nor ought not to have in that body from local circumstances and other consi- derations, and because it is the proper, exclusive, and indefeasible right, of every free state, especially under the British form of government, to be taxed only by themselves or their representatives. We further declare, that upon all occasions when requisitions shall be made to us by the crown for aids in support of his majesty’s just rights, or those of government, we will most chearfully comply with them to the utmost of our ability; but we cannot think a British parliament fit judges of the mode by which, or the degree in which, we ought to be taxed. And whereas a convention of the late representatives of this colony was judged expedient, and was appointed after their dissolution to be held the first day of August next, at Williamsburg, then to consult upon the most plausible means of avoiding the dangerous precedents of acts of power now intended to be established against us, to promote on our part this laudable design, we do appoint our late representatives, ROBERT BOLLING, and JOHN BANISTER, esquires, deputies, to act for us on this important occasion, recommending it to them to concert with the deputies from the other counties a firm and prudent plan of opposition to every invasion of our rights, and particularly to those acts of parlia- ment we have pointed out. Confiding in their vigilance and attention, we wish them in their endeavours the success that so good a cause merits. At a meeting of a respectable body of the freeholders and other inha- bitants of the county of Surry, on due notice, at the courthouse of the said county, the 16th of July, 1774, ALLEN COCKE, esquire, mo- derator, the proceedings and resolutions of the late members of the house of burgesses since their dissolution, respecting the alarming situation of North America, were seriously deliberated upon, and the following RESOLVES unanimously agreed to. I. RESOLVED, that we acknowledge all due obedience to his pre- sent majesty, and will defend him with our lives and fortunes. II. Resolved, that as British subjects, who know the invaluable blessings of their birthright, we will not submit to the imposition of any taxes or duties, to be paid by the inhabitants within this dominion, by any other power than the general assembly, duly elected, and that in them, and them only, is the constitutional right of taxation vested. III. Resolved, that we will chearfully join with our suffering brethren of America, in the firmest bonds of union, against exporting or im- porting any commodities to or from Great Britain, till our just and legal rights are restored. IV. Resolved, that the cause of the town of Boston is the common cause of all British America. V. Resolved, that as the population of this colony with freemen and useful manufacturers is greatly obstructed by the importation of slaves and convict servants, we will not purchase any such slaves or servants hereafter to be imported. VI. Resolved, that subscriptions be opened in this county for the relief of our suffering brethren in the town of Boston. VII. Resolved, that ALLEN COCKE, and NICHOLAS FAULCON, junior, esquires, our late representatives, be and they are hereby nomi- nated and appointed to attend the general meeting of deputies of the other counties and corporations within this colony, in the city of Willi- amsburg, on the first day of August next, there to concert such mea- sures as may be found most expedient for the general good of the colonies. VIII. Resolved, that the clerk of this meeting do transmit the pro- ceedings of this day to the printers of both gazettes, and request them to publish the same without delay. JAMES KEE, Clerk of this meeting. At a meeting of the freeholders and others, inhabitants of the county of Chesterfield, at the courthouse of the said county, on Thursday the 14th of July, 1774, to take into consideration the present very alarming situation of this colony, the reverend ARCHIBALD M’ROBERT being unanimously chosen moderator, Resolved, nemine contradicente, that we are ready and willing at the ex- pence of our lives and fortunes to defend and maintain his majesty’s right and title to the crown of Great Britain and his American dominions against all his enemies, and we do profess all just obedience and fidelity to his sacred person and government. Resolved, that the sole right of making laws for the government of this his majesty’s ancient colony and dominion of Virginia, and for raising and levying taxes on the inhabitants thereof, ought to be, and is vested in the general assembly of the said colony, and cannot be executed by any other power without danger to our liberties; subject, nevertheless, as of cus- tom has been, to his sacred majesty’s approbation. Resolved, that every other of his majesty’s dominions in America ought to be, and of right is entitled to, the same privileges as this colony. Resolved, that the present demand of money as a duty upon tea im- ported into this or any other colony in America, under the authority of the British parliament, ”for the sole purpose of raising a revenue in Ame- rica,” without the consent of our representatives, is arbitrary and unjust, a subversion of the ancient and constitutional mode of levying money upon British subjects, and evidently calculated to fix a precedent for fu- ture demands of the same nature, and by that means to reduce the colo nies to a state of slavery, and that all persons aiding in the execution of such laws be considered as enemies to the freedom of British subjects. Resolved, that the act of the British parliament for depriving the in- habitants of the town of Boston, in our sister colony of the Massachu- setts Bay, of their lawful trade, as also the bills brought into the house of commons of Great Britain, one of which bills is entitled, “a bill for the impartial administration of justice in the cases of persons question- ed for any act done by them in the execution of the law, or for the sup- pression of riots or tumults in the province of Massachusetts Bay, in New England,” are unjust, arbitrary, and unconstitutional; and al- though levelled particularly against one of our sister colonies, yet ought to be resented with the same indignation by this and every colony as if all of them were included in the said act and bills. Resolved, that an extensive association ought to be entered into, and that no goods or commodities of any kind whatsoever ought to be im- ported from Great Britain into this colony after the first day of August next, except medicines, paper, books, needles, cotton, wool and clothiers cards, steel, gunpowder, German oznabrigs, hempen rolls, negro cotton and plains, Dutch blankets, salt petre, and implements necessary for the manufacturing of woolens and linen. And that all and every person who has sent orders to Great Britain for any articles except such as are already excepted ought to embrace the first opportunity to countermand such orders. Resolved, that any inhabitant of this colony who shall import any article not allowed by this association, or purchase from any other per- son who shall import such article except already ordered, shall be deemed a betrayer of the liberties of his country, and that we will not hold friendship or have any connection with such offending person. Resolved, that every kind of luxury, extravagance, and dissipation, </div> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 2</h6> should now and at all times be carefully discouraged, and that an exten- sive plan of establishing manufactures amongst the inhabitants of this and the other colonies in North America should immediately be adopted as the only possible means of avoiding that dependent commercial con- nection which hath hitherto subsisted between the colonies and Great Britain, which hath induced an arbitrary and designing administration to attempt the total destruction of our rights and liberties, and that to carry the same more effectually into execution, subscriptions be opened for that purpose under proper regulations. Resolved, that to dissolve the general assembly of the colony, sitting for the dispatch of public business, “because they enter into a consideration of the grievances under which they labour, and nobly assert their right to freedom,” is arbitrary and oppressive, a manifest proof of a fixed inten- tion to destroy the ancient constitutional legislative authority in the colo- ny, and directly contradictory to the spirit of the acknowledgments made in favour of the rights of a British people. Resolved, that this colony ought not to hold any commercial inter- course with any of the colonies in North America that shall refuse to adopt proper measures for procuring redress of our grievances. Resolved, that the town of Boston is now suffering in the cause of American liberty, that her safety and protection is and ought to be the common cause of the other colonies, and that her relief ought to be attempted by all proper and constitutional ways and means in our power. Resolved, that we do most heartily concur with the late representatives of this colony in their sentiments delivered at the meeting held in Wil- liamsburg after the dissolution of the last assembly. We return them our warmest thanks for their spirited conduct on that and every other occasion, and entreat their steady and determined attention to the same principles at the meeting to be held on the first day of August next, in the city of Williamsburg. Resolved, that ARCHIBALD CARY and BENJAMIN WATKINS, our late worthy representatives, together with the representatives to be chosen for this county in the next assembly, be and they are hereby ap- pointed deputies on the part of the freeholders and inhabitants of this county, to meet such deputies as shall be appointed by the other counties and corporations in this colony, in the city of Williamsburg, on the first day of August next, to take under their consideration the several grievances, under which this and the other American colonies are at present labouring, to concert and deliberate upon proper ways and means to procure redress of those grievances, and that they, together with such deputies as shall be then and there assembled, do nominate proper persons on the part of this colony, to meet such deputies as shall be appointed upon the part of the other continental colonies in a general congress, to consult and agree upon a firm and indissoluble union and association for preserving by the best and most proper means their common rights and liberties. Resolved, that the clerk of this meeting transmit to the printers of both gazettes copies of these resolutions, with the earnest request of this county that the other counties and corporations within the colony will appoint deputies to meet at the time and place and for the purposes aforesaid. JERMAN BAKER, Clerk to the meeting. WILLIAMSBURG, JULY 21. WE are informed that the city of Philadelphia have already gene- rously contributed 1500 barrels of flour for the relief of the patriotic Bostonians. Colonel Bolling, our late worthy representative for the county of Dinwiddie, has, we hear, offered two of his mills gratis (deemed the best in this colony) to grind such commodities as may be sent to them for the use of the people of Boston. A gentleman at Cabin Point, who has manufactured cloths there for some years, has, it seems engaged a number of hands, whom he daily expects, and proposes to work as reasonably as possible, not only to assist us at this alarming crisis, but to encourage the manufacturing branch, in every respect, throughout Virginia. Since our last we have received the following account of elections: For the college, Colonel John Randolph; for Isle of Wight, John S. Wells and John Day, esquires; for Surry, Allen Cocke, junior, and Nicholas Foulcan, esquires; for Nansemond, Lemuel Riddick and Wil- lis Riddick, esquires; for Gloucester, Thomas Whiting and Lewis Burwell, esquires; for Middlesex, Edmund Berkeley and James Mon- tague, esquires; for Essex, James Edmondson and Meriwether Smith, esquires; for Accomack, Southy Simpson and Isaac Smith, esquires; for Norfolk county, Thomas Newton, junior, and James Holt, esquires; for Norfolk borough, Joseph Hutchings, esquire; for Henrico, Richard Adams and Samuel Duval, esquires; for Dinwiddie, John Banister and Robert Bolling, esquires. FRIDAY, JULY 22. It is a happy reflection, that, notwithstanding every ministerial artifice to subvert the independent spirit of the AMERICANS, we can assure the people of this colony, that our brethren throughout the different departments to the northward continue still as animated as at first in their suffering, though generous cause, and seem determined never to co-operate with undue influence, or to bend beneath the yoke of that oppression which at this juncture so conspicuously threatens us. His excellency governor Gage has issued a proclamation, bearing date the 29th ult. ordering that no meetings for the future shall be held within his government, which, for the greater satisfaction of our readers, we shall here insert. A PROCLAMATION for discouraging certain illegal combinations. WHEREAS certain persons, calling themselves a committee of cor- respondence for the town of Boston, have lately presumed to make, or cause to be made, a certain unlawful instrument, purporting to be a solemn league and covenant, intended to be signed by the inhabitants of this province, whereby they are most solemnly to covenant and engage to suspend all commercial intercourse with the island of Great Britain until certain acts of the British parliament shall be repealed; and whereas printed copies of the said unlawful instrument have been transmitted by the aforesaid committee of correspondence, so called, to the several towns in this province, accompanied with a scandalous, traitorous, and seditious letter, calculated to inflame the minds of the people, to disturb them with ill grounded fears and jealousies, and to excite them to enter into an unwarrantable, hostile, and traiterous combination, to distress the British nation, by interrupting, obstructing, and destroying her trade with the colonies, contrary to their allegiance due to the king, and to the form and effect of divers statutes made for securing, encouraging, and regulating the said trade, and destructive of the lawful authority of the British parliament, and of the peace, good order, and safety, of the community; and whereas the inhabitants of this province, not duly considering the high criminality and dangerous consequences to them- selves, of such alarming and unprecedented combinations, may incauti- ously be tempted to join in the aforesaid unlawful league and covenant, and thereby expose themselves to the fatal consequences of being con- sidered as the declared and open enemies of the king, parliament, and kingdom of Great Britain; in observance therefore of my duty to the king, in tenderness to the inhabitants of this province, and to the end that none who may hereafter engage in such dangerous combinations, may plead, in excuse of their conduct, that they were ignorant of the crime in which they were involving themselves, I have thought it fit to issue this proclamation, hereby earnestly cautioning all persons whatso- ever within this province against signing the aforesaid, or a similar cove- nant, or in any manner entering into or being concerned in such unlaw- ful, hostile, and traiterous combinations, as they would avoid the pains and penalties due to such aggravated and dangerous offences. And I do hereby strictly enjoin and command all magistrates, and other officers, within the several counties in this province, that they take effectual care to apprehend and secure for trial all and every person who may hereafter presume to publish, or offer to others to be signed, or shall themselves sign the aforesaid, or a similar covenant, or be in any wise aiding, abetting, advising, or assisting therein; and the respective sheriffs of the several counties within this province are hereby required to cause this proclamation forthwith to be posted up, in some public place, in each town, within their respective districts. *** Query, Whether this proclamation will meet with more respect than that of his majesty did lately in London, offering a reward for ap- prehending a man who had made himself obnoxious to administration? On this proclamation, the man was taken up and carried before a magistrate, who released him; the proclamation being in itself illegal, and the per- son who acted upon it was prosecuted. Extract of a letter from Philadelphia, dated July 6. ”I confess that no man wishes more for the establishment of a con- stitutional postoffice in America than myself; yet, as I anticipated in a former letter, Mr. G———d’s scheme seems to bear but an indifferent prospect of success. He returned here a few weeks ago. At Boston, and other parts of New England, he told them the Philadelphians had unanimously resolved to establish a constitutional post; and, for a con- firmation of his assertion, a merchant at Boston wrote to a gentlemen in this city. I am not acquainted with the contents of the answer, though I have great reason to conclude them unfavourable to Mr. G———d. He attended a meeting of mechanics here one night, pretending to have let- ters of consequence from Boston, New York, &c. two or three of which were read, and gave some satisfaction; but the others mentioning the regulation of the postoffice, they refused to read them through, ob- serving America had business enough upon her hands without meddling </div> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> with the affairs of a postoffice. Mr. G———d was much chagrined and vexed, and shortly after left the city.” In the last Philadelphia papers there are several accounts relative to the Indians: Some say the back inhabitants of Pennsylvania and Virginia are blamed much, and that captain Conolly has acted with great barbari- ty, having endeavoured frequently to murder two or three Indians, who escorted the traders with the utmost faithfulness to Fort Pitt, and shew- ed great humanity towards them; but the accounts are so various and complicated, that it is not easy to draw a conclusion; besides, we would not wish to do the least injustice to captain Conolly, more especially as there have been frequent instances of late of the barbarity of that savage people. Several letters from principal gentlemen in England to their correspond- ents in New York and Philadelphia, are just received: They wish us to continue firm in our opposition, as the only means of obtaining redress. Mr. Bradford’s paper informs us that the list of prizes in the Delaware lottery was just come to hand; but for want of room and time, they were obliged to postpone its insertion till the succeeding week. ADVERTISEMENTS, several PIECES, and the RESOLVES of many counties, shall be attended to in our next. By his EXCELLENCY the right honourable JOHN earl of DUNMORE, his majesty’s lieutenant and governor general of the colony and dominion of VIRGINIA, and vice admiral of the same: A PROCLAMATION.VIRGINIA, to wit. WHEREAS the GENERAL ASSEMBLY is summoned to meet on Thursday the 11th of next month, but I find no urgent oc- casion for their meeting at that time, I have therefore thought fit, by this proclamation, in his majesty’s name, farther to prorogue the said assembly to the first Tuesday in November next. GIVEN under my hand, and the seal of the colony, at Williamsburg, this 8th day of July, in the 14th year of his majesty’s reign. DUNMORE GOD SAVE THE KING. TO BE RENTED, From year to year, or for a term of years, and entered upon the first day of September next A CONVENIENT TENEMENT in the town of Petersburg, at present in the possession of Mr. Andrew Johnston, whereon is a commodious storehouse, with a large counting room, and lodging rooms under the same roof, lumber houses of different sizes and for different purposes, stables, chairhouse, and a garden well paled in. Any useful repairs may be made by the tenant, and the expence deducted out of the rent. The terms, which are extremely low, may be known by applying to 3 BOLLING STARK. KING WILLIAM, July 10, 1774. THE SALE of the deceased colonel James Quarles’s NEGROES that were advertised to be at Aylett’s warehouse on the 13th instant, is, by consent of parties, deferred until the 10th of August next, at which time they will most certainly be sold agreeable to the former ad- vertisement. 3 GOODRICH CRUMP. JAMES CRAIG, AT THE GOLDEN BALL, WILLIAMSBURG, BEGS leave to inform the public that he has just got an eminent hand in the WATCH AND CLOCK MAKING BUSINESS, who served a regular apprenticeship to the same in Great Britain, and will be obliged to those who favour him with their commands. He makes and repairs REPEATING, HORIZONTAL, and STOP WATCHES, in the neatest and best manner. JEWELLERY, GOLD and SILVER WORK, as usual, made at the above shop, for READY MONEY only. To be SOLD, at Hanover courthouse, on Thursday the 4th of August next, being court day, FIFTEEN likely Virginia born SLAVES, belonging to the estate of doctor John Walker, deceased. Credit will be given till the 25th of December next, the purchasers giving bond, with approved security, to THOMAS SIMPSON, Administrator. *** Those concerned are desired to take notice that I have fully em- powered Mr. George Lumsden to transact the business of the above estate. The distressed situation of the estate puts it out of my power to grant any indulgence to its debtors; and as I intend to close my administration as soon as possible, I therefore request the favour of those who have any claims against the said estate to bring them in, either to Mr. Lumsden or myself, properly attested, at farthest, by the 1st of October next. 3 T. S. GREEN SPRING, July 13, 1774. I HEREBY forewarn all persons not to purchase FRUIT or VEGE- TABLES, or any thing else, from any of the negroes belonging to the estate of Mr. William Lee, without a note from me, or any of the overseers who act for the said estate. GRIFFIN FAUNTLEROY. IF one SARAH FARGUSON, who came indented from England about six years ago, and served her time with Mr. Charles Lewis, deceased, on Rappahannock, will apply to the printer of this paper, she will hear of something much to her advantage. RAN from the plantation of the subscriber, near the Great Falls of Potowmack, on the Maryland side, in Frederick county, about the 27th of June, a very likely mulatto slave named ELIAS, near 5 feet 10 inches high, and about 20 years old; had on, when he went away, a brown broadcloth coat, a light coloured broadcloth jacket, oznabrig shirt, short breeches of the same, a new felt hat, and shoes and stockings. His head, from the crown to the forehead, is remarkably long, and is much scarred about the mould, proceeding from his having had a scald head when he was a boy. He has also a scratch on his upper lip, which may be perceived by taking a near view of it. Whoever delivers him to me shall receive a reward of THIRTY SHILLINGS, if taken 20 miles from home, and in proportion to that distance. 3 THOMAS OFFUTT. TAKEN up, in Charlotte, a well made black horse, about 4 feet 6 inches high, about 16 or 17 years old, branded on the near buttock W, and has on a bell of 3s. value. Posted, and appraised to 3£. 10s. PETER RAWLINS. TAKEN up, in Culpeper, a middle sized mare, shot before, her hind feet white, and branded on the near buttock I. E. Posted, and appraised to 3£. 10s. * JOHN GRIGSBY. To be SOLD, at public sale, at STAUNTON, on Tuesday the 16th of August next, being AUGUSTA court day. TWO tracts of LAND, belonging to captain Matthew Harrison, and lying in Hampshire, vix. One tract of 317 acres, on the drains of Lost River, joining James Bryan, and one tract of 100 acres, on the drains of said river, joining John Price and Jacob Crisman. Plots of said land may be seen on the day of sale, in the hands of Gabriel Jones, esquire. Credit will be given for one half the purchase money till April next, and for the other half till the 16th of August, 1775, giving bond, with approved security, to (3) GEORGE MITCHELL. To be LET, to the LOWEST BIDDER, on Thursday the 28th instant (July) at the town of Manchester, in Chesterfield county, THE clearing of the FALLS of JAMES RIVER from Westham to the mouth of Reedy Creek; it will be let in several divisions. Bond and security will be required for the performance in time, and agreeable to the directions then given. A considerable sum is subscribed towards carrying the work into execution. Half the money is to be paid the undertakers in October next, and the other half the October following. They will not have the trouble of collecting the money from the sub- scribers, as they will oblige themselves to pay the sums agreed upon at the times stipulated. THE TRUSTEES. STRAYED, or stolen, from the subscriber in Dumfries, on the night of the 18th of April last, two WAGGON HORSES, the one a black, 14 hands high, 7 or 8 years old, has lost one eye, with a hanging mane and switch tail; his brand, if any, is not remembered. The other is a bay, about the same size of the black, 5 years old, branded on the shoulder D. F. and on the buttock R. G. very plain. Whoever secures said horses, so that I get them again, shall have THREE POUNDS reward; and if delivered here, TRAVELLING EXPENCES paid. 3 REGINALD GRAHAM. PORTSMOUTH, July 5, 1774. A PURSE of 100 guineas to be run for by any horse, mare, or gelding, over the two mile course at this place, the best two heats in three, on Tuesday the 20th of September, carrying weight for age, agreeable to the articles of the said purse, which are to be seen in the hands of Mr. Richard Nestor, merchant there, with whom all horses starting for the said purse are to be entered, the day before the race at farthest. The money to be paid to the winner immediately after the race. It is also proposed to have two more races, one on the Wednesday following, for &50pound;. the other on Thursday. for 30£. which will be adver- tised particularly, as soon as the subscriptions are full. </div> <h5>Page 4</h5> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 1</h6> To be SOLD at the late dwellinghouse of Mr. Hugh Houston, deceased, in Fredericksburg, on Thursday the 18th of August next, ALL the PERSONAL ESTATE of the said Houston, consisting of HOUSHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, an assortment of SADDLERY, and sundry other articles in the harness way. Six months crdit will be allowed, on bond, and approved security. At the same time and place will be rented, till the 25th of December, the LOTS and HOUSES of William Houston, deceased, and the TANYARD; all of which are in good repair. Also the slaves hire till the same time; among whom are several good BLACKSMITHS, SHOE and HARNESS- MAKERS, and a very good TANNER. Bond and security will be required; and if not punctually paid, to carry interest from the date. Those who have demands against either or both of the said William and Hugh Houston, are desired to bring in such claims, properly attested, in order that they may receive payment according to dignity; and those who are indebted are desired to give bond and make payment to Mr. Ben- jamin Johnston, who is impowered to act by FANNY HOUSTON, ad- ministratrix of Hugh, and acting in lawful right to William Houston, deceased. 3* FOR SALE, TWO thousand six hundred and seventy five ACRES of LAND in Gloucester county lying in Petsworth parish, upon which there is a very good mill on an excellent stream of water. It will be laid off in lots for the convenience of purchasers; and as it is entailed land, ap- plication will be made to the next general assembly for an act to dock the entail. Mr. Lewis Booker will shew the land, and make known the terms. WILSON M. CARY. TO BE SOLD, THE noted and well accustomed TAVERN, at present occupied by the subscriber, lying in James City county, about 15 miles from Williamsburg, on the main road leading to New Kent, courthouse and Ruffin’s ferry, with 500 acres of LAND in good order for cropping, and 6 fields under good fence. The terms of payment will be made easy by the subscriber. THOMAS DONCASTLE. TAKEN up, in Culpeper, a sorrel mare, about 4 feet 5 inches high, branded on the off buttock I. C. and is about 3 years old. Posted, and appraised to 7£. REUBIN SLAUGHTER. TAKEN up, in Brunswick, a dark bay horse, about 14 hands high, branded on the near buttock U, paces and gallops well. Posted, and appraised to 13£. WILLIAM CLACK. RUN away on the 16th instant (June) from the subscriber in Au- gusta, a negro man named BACCHUS, a thick, strong, well made fellow, about 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, 30 years of age; took with him two white russia drill coats, one turned up with blue, the other is quite new, plain made, with white figured metal buttons; also a pair of blue plush breeches, a fine cloth pompadour waistcoat, two or three thin or summer jackets, sundry pair of white thread stockings, 5 or 6 white shirts, two of them pretty fine, neat shoes, silver buckles, a fine hat, cut and cocked in the macaroni figure, a double milled drab great coat and sundry other wearing apparel. He formerly belonged to Doctor George Pitt, in Williamsburg, and I imagine is gone there, under pretence of my sending him upon business, as I have frequently heretofore done. He is cunning, artful, and sensible, and very capable of forging a tale to impose on the unwary, is well acquainted with the lower parts of the country, having constantly rode with me for some years past, and has been used to waiting from his infancy. He was seen a few days before he went off with a purse of dollars, and had just changed a 5£. bill; most or all of which, I suppose, he must have robbed me of, which he might easily have done, as I trusted him much, and placed too great a confi- dence in his fidelity. It is probable he may endeavour to pass as a free man, by the name of John Christian, and endeavour to get on board some vessel bound for Great Britain, from a knowledge he has of the late determination of Somerset’s cafe. Whoever takes up the said slave, and delivers him to me, shall receive FIVE POUNDS. ‘4’ GABRIEL JONES. RUN away, from Neabsco furnace, the 16th of March, a light coloured mulatto man named BILLY, or WILL, the property of the honourable John Tayloe, esquire. When I tell the public that he is the same boy who for many years used to wait on me, in my travels through this and the neighbouring pro- vince, and by his pertness, or rather impudence, was well known to all my acquaintances, there is the less occasion for a particular description of him. However, as he is now grown to the size of a man, and has not at tended me for some time past, I think it not amiss to say that he is a very likely young fellow, about 20 years old, 5 feet 9 inches high, stout and strong made, has a remarkable swing in his walk, but is much more so by a surprising knack he has of gaining the good graces of almost every body who will listen to his bewitching and deceitful tongue, which seldom or ever speaks the truth. He has a small scar on the right side of his forehead, and the little finger of his right hand is quite straight by a hurt he got when a child. Had on, when he went away, a blue fearnought jacket, and an under one of green baize, cotton breeches, oznabrig shirt, mixed blue sale stockings, country made shoes, and yellow buckles. From his ingenuity, he is capable of doing almost any sort of business, and for some years past, has been chiefly employed as a founder, a stone mason, and a miller, as occasion required; one of which trades, I imagine, he will, in the character of a free man, profess. I have some reason to suspect his travelling toward James river, under the pretence of being sent by me on business. Whoever apprehends the said fellow, and brings him to me, or to his master, the honourable John Tayloe, at Mountairy, or secure him so as to be had again, shall have treble what the law allows, and all reasonable charges paid. tf THOMAS LAWSON. FOR SALE, ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst county, whereon are several plantations and improvements sufficient to work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately bult, with a stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILL- STONES, which mill has for two years past got up- wards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a never failing stream. The land will be shewn by William Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the prices of the land made known by him. One or two years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the second year, and also for the first, if the money is not paid agreeable to contract. The land is to be laid off and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence of the purchaser, Deeds will be made, upon bond and approved security being given, either to Call, William Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent. discount will be allowed for ready money, or good merchants notes. If any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower part of the country, on or near some navigable river, that are good, it is more than probable we should agree. CARTER BRAXTON. KING HEROD STANDS at Rosegill, and will cover mares at FOUR POUNDS the season. Those who send mares must send the money, otherwise they shall not be left. The valuable qualities, and the pedigree, of this horse, are sufficiently notorious. RALPH WORMELEY, junior. </div> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 2</h6> FOR SALE, NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land, lying on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa, with three plantations thereon, two of which has sufficient houses for overseers and negroes; the other is improved with all necessary buildings, and orchards of all kinds, fit for the reception of a gentleman, the house being finished in the best manner. This tract is well timbered and watered, lies within 32 miles of Fredericksburg, and 43 of Page’s warehouse; there are at least 400 acres of low grounds, of the best soil, 300 of which are now to cut. The three plantations are under good fences, and in good order to work 12 or 15 hands. Robert Flem- ing, John Massey, and John Lain, are now in possession of the plantations, who will shew the land to any person inclinable to purchase, and Major Thomas Johnson will ed the most valuable in Louisa for growing corn, wheat, or tobacco, and situated in the best range for stock of any below the great mountains. ( tf I* ) N LANDED from Liverpool, four BALES, marked C I. The owner may have them on paying the charges to ISAAC YOUNGHUSBAND, who has for sale a parcel of low priced Irish LINENS. To be SOLD, at public auction, at Westmoreland court- house, on Tuesday the 27th day of September, being Westmoreland court day, TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born SLAVES. Credit will be allowed until the 10th of November following, on giving bond and good security. The bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually discharged. tdf RICHARD PARKER. NORFOLK, June 13, 1774. THE subscribers have for SALE MADEIRA WINE, BARBADOS RUM, CANE, SPIRIT, and MUSCOVADO SUGAR. PHRIPP and BOWDOIN. YORK town, June 9, 1773. THE subscribers being very solicitous to comply with the will of their testator, the late Honourable William Nelson, desire that all persons who were indebted to him will endeavour to make as speedy payments as possible. Those who have accounts open on his books, and who cannot immediately discharge the balances, are desired to give their bonds. This request is the more necessary, as most of the legacies bequeathed by the testator are to be paid in sterling money, and he has directed that his younger sons fortunes shall be placed out at interest upon undoubted securities, so soon as it can be done. Those who have any demands are desired to make them immediately known. THOMAS NELSON, | HUGH NELSON, THOMAS NELSON, jun. | RO. C. NICHOLAS. WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second- hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight each. Any person having such for sale are desired to make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk. t.f. BASSETT MOSELEY. TO BE SOLD, A TRACT of LAND in Berkley and Frederick counties, containing 12,076 acres; it lies 7 miles on each side of Shenando river, the quantity on the east side, being only a slip of low ground, is inconsiderable; the quality of the land is remarkably good, and the con- veniencies attending it great. There are two plentiful streams of water running through marshes three miles in length, some of which are already reclaimed meadows, and the rest, at a very small expence, might soon be re- duced to the like state. On each side of the streams mills might be erected and furnaces, the land affording stone, lime, iron, and lead ore. On one of the streams I have already erected a complete merchant mill, with a pair of the best French burrs for grinding of wheat, and a pair of common stones for grinding of Indian corn; besides this, there is near the dwelling house a tub mill, and on the other stream there is a valuable saw mill. There are five settled and improved plantations; on one of them is a good stone house, 2 stories high, with 2 rooms on a floor, a kitchen, dairy, and all other convenient out- houses; on another plantation, where Michael Pike lived, there is a good stone house; and at the other plantations there are overseers houses, negro quarters, barns, stables, tobacco houses, &c. The above tract shall be either par- titioned off in lots of 1000 or 500 acres, or sold bodily to one purchaser. Belonging to this estate there are 112 negroes to be disposed of, togother with all the stocks of cattle, equal to any in the colony, horses, mares, colts, hogs, &c. likewise all the necessary implements for the planter or farmer. Any person or persons inclinable to purchase are desired to make their proposals to me at Rosegill, on Rappahannock river, or to leave them with the overseer, who lives at the house plantation, and will shew the land. In November I shall be on the premises, and may then be personally treated with. Part of this land, and some of the negroes, belong to my eldest son, who leaves to me the disposition thereof, and will confirm any engagement I enter into on his part. 6 RALPH WORMELEY. TO BE RENTED, FROM YEAR TO YEAR, OR FOR A TERM OF YEARS, BELVOIR, THE beautiful seat of the honourable George William Fairfax, esquire, lying upon Potowmack river, in Fairfax county, about 14 miles below Alexandria. The mansion house is of brick, two story high, with four con- venient rooms and a large passage upon the lower floor, five rooms and a passage on the second, and a servants hall and cellars below; convenient offices, stables, and coach house, adjoining, as also a large and well furnish- ed garden, stored with great variety of valuable fruits, in good order. Appertaining to the tract on which these improvements are, and which contains near 2000 acres (surrounded, in a manner, by navigable water) are se- veral valuable fisheries, and a good deal of cleared land in different parts, which may be let altogether, or sepa- rately, as shall be found most convenient. The terms may be known of Colonel Washington, who lives near the premises, or of me, in Berkeley county, tf FRANCIS WILLIS, junior. </div> <div class="“column”"> <h6>Column 3</h6> To be SOLD, pursuant to an act of assembly, on Mon- day the 1st of August next, being Prince William court day. The glebe lands of Dettingen parish, in the said county, adjoining the lands of the present incum- bent the reverend James Scott, situate on Quantico Run, about 9 miles from Dumfries, and containing about 400 acres. The soil is good for wheat or tobacco, and there may be got a considerable quantity on the same. 3 Henry Lee,} Lewis Reno.} churchwardens. FOR SALE, FIVE hundred acres of land, lying on Deep Creek in Louisa, about 45 miles of Richmond town, and is exceeding good land, well watered by Deep Creek, and a large branch thereof, which runs through the middle of the land, and affords a large quantity of rich meadow ground. Any person inclinable to purchase may see the land, and know the terms, by applying to the subscriber, living near it. tf I* GEORGE MERIWETHER. NORFOLK, April 21, 1774. NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000 tons of stone from Mr. Brooke’s quarry, on Rappahan- nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light- house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Loyall, and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burthen. tf BASSETT MOSELEY. For SALE A TRACT of land, on Charles river, York county, containing about 600 acres, part of which is marsh, that may be drained with very little expence. The situ- ation of this place is very convenient for a family, at it lies upon a river that abounds with oysters and fine fish, particularly sheepsheads; it is within 200 yards of a mill, and 2 miles of the church. My reason for selling it is, my having bought a tract of land more convenient to me. Whoever inclines to purchase may know the terms by applying to the subscriber, in York town. THOMAS NELSON, junior. FOR SALE, And to be ENTERED upon at CHRISTMAS next, A VERY valuable tract of LAND in King William county, on Pamunkey river adjoining the land of the late Mr. John Smith, of Hanover county, deceased, containing 800 acres, more or less, the soil is very rich, and exceedingly well adapted for wheat, corn, or tobacco, particularly the first and second, being low grounds; and there is a considerable quantity of high grounds. It has plenty of good pine and oak timber upon it, con- venient houses, and is in good order for cropping, is about two miles from Hanover town, and very convenient to church and two mills. Any person inclinable to pur- chase may be shewn the land by applying to Mr. Christo- pher Taliaferro, or Mr. William Jones, who resides near the same, and the terms may be also known by applying to these gentlemen, or to the subscriber. tf THOMAS JONES. To be SOLD, together or in parcels, THAT fertile and well timbered tract of LAND, lying in Princess Anne county, known by the name of Gibbs’s Woods, whereon are several settlements, and whereof Jeremiah Tinker, esquire, grandson of the late governor Gibbs now stands seized, under the deed of gift of his mother, the daughter and heiress of the said governor Gibbs. Persons inclining to purchase may be informed of the terms by applying to Mr. James Parker, merchant in Norfolk, or to Edward Foy, in Williamsburg, who will give an undoubted title. tf To be SOLD, and entered upon immediately, A TRACT of LAND containing 1300 acres, more or less, on Pianketank river, in Gloucester county. It is needless to be particular about it as it is the same I advertised last year and then gave a full account of it, since then I sold it to John Attway Clarke, of Maryland, but as he refuses to take it, necessity obliges me once more to offer it to the public. Any person inclinable to pur- chase may know the terms by applying to me in Mid- dlesex, I want part of the money at the meeting of the merchants, and for the remainder I will give reasonable credit. tf AUGUSTINE SMITH. FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP, A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none of the land having been cleared above six years, with all necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500 acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with- out dung. I have made on this plantation above three thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo- mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and Mayo creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near to Petersburg by water, and last month, in the dry wea- ther, two canoe loads of wheat were carried near to Petersburg, and the canoes brought back; they were loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt but Appomattox river will be soon cleared, and then the expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &c. will be trifling. Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not know any better high land in the colony. This tract of land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage- ous to the owner. Also another tract of land of 826 acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles from the courthouse, joining Mr. James Harris and the quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any person who viewed either of the above tracts of land would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither of these tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever. A reasonable time of payment will be allowed. tf ANTHONY WINSTON. </div> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Ink on paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Virginia gazette Number 428, Thursday July 21, 1774 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SCNP2019.17 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1774-07-21 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Rind, Clementina, -1774 Language A language of the resource English Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers--Virginia--Williamsburg Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rind, Clementina, -1774, printer