Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation

The Virginia Gazette. Number 479, Thursday, July 13, 1775

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The Virginia Gazette. Number 479, Thursday, July 13, 1775

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THURSDAY, JULY 13, 1775 THE NUMBER 479.
VIRGINIA GAZETTE.
OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE.
WILLIAMSBURG: PRINTED BY JOHN PINKNEY.

All Persons may be supplied with this GAZETTE at 12s. 6d. a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a
moderate Length, are inserted for 3s. the first Week and 2s. each Time after; long ones in Proportion.——
PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Expedition.

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FROM THE WHISPERER.
To the right honourable WILLIAM lord MANS-
FIELD, chief justice of the court of King’s Bench,
and one of his majesty’s most honourable privy council.

MY LORD,
TO address your lordship as the defender or
supporter of public liberty would consign
me to universal contempt, and do an injury
to my country that nothing but my blood
could atone for. I shall therefore throw
off all kind of disguise, represent you in your true co-
lours, and speak nothing but truths; truths that can
be justified by the whole English nation. The world
allows you to be a great lawyer, but a most partial
and arbitrary judge. Upon many occasions you have
discovered your prejudice, your animosity, and your
hatred, against the people of England. You have
abused the laws, perverted justice, and rendered your-
self justly obnoxious throughout the whole British
empire. When your opinion is asked upon any matter
between the king and the subject, you are sure to give
it in favour of the court without scruple, however
unjust, cruel, and oppressive; the life of an English-
man
is of as little consequence to you as the virtue of
Lucretia was to Tarquin. Your malice never shone
more conspicuously than in a very recent instance,
concerning two numbers of the WHISPERER: Your
opinion was asked, and you gave one consistent with
yourself that they were treasonable throughout.
William De Gray, esquire, attorney general, Mr.
Wallace, and several other counsel (in compliment
to you) concurred with you in opinion; but to the
honour, the immortal honour of John Dun-
ning, esquire, who differed in opinion from you,
your execrable design to take away the life of an
Englishman was not carried into execution, and the
grand jury found a bill of indictment for a misde-
meanor only. Your lordship held several consultati-
ons with the attorney general and others, upon the
publication of Junius’s letter to the king and the
Whisperer’s; every record was searched both ancient
and modern in London and Middlesex to find a presi-
dent upon which you might convict the authors and
publishers of treason, and by that means satiate the
revenge of a Scotchman, which nothing could ever
yet satisfy but the blood of Englishmen. Unhappy
* Moor! to have incurred the displeasure of the gentle,
the just, the pale Mansfield. The case of poor Mat-
thews was a last hit upon, and urged with great force,
but Mr. Dunning explained the unjustness and cruel-
ty in executing him, and said that it was always look-
ed upon as a disgrace to humanity, and to this king-
dom as a free country. Unhappy Mansfield! to be
thus disappointed in thy natural itch for English blood,
and thy myrmidons to be disappointed too in their
searches after me. Be assured, my lord, they search
in vain; I am now in a subterraneous cavern of the
earth, and never make my appearance but once a
week, disguised in a Scotch plad and bonnet, the only
security for an Englishman’s liberty or life. I know
your power, my lord, and I know your abuse of it,
but that shall not deter me from speaking truth. You
may exert your utmost endeavours to prevent the dis-
covery of those acts you would wish to keep secret,
and, in the most arbitrary manner, suppress (if possi-
ble) every publication wherein your conduct is called
in question; but while there is a hand able to write,
and a press open in the kingdom, Englishmen will
write. Public liberty can never be supported with-
out freedom of speech; it is the right of every man.
This sacred privilege is so essential to a free govern-
ment that the security of property, and freedom of
speech, will stand or fall together.

Whoever would destroy the liberties of this coun-
try must begin by subduing freedom of speech; a
thing terrible to public traitors. This, my lord, you
have attempted to do, but, hitherto with little success.

In the reign of Charles the first, to assert the un-
doubted rights of the people of England, and defend
the king’s legal prerogative, was called disaffection,
and punished as sedition; and you, my lord, have
made it equally dangerous at this time to tread In the
steps of those virtuous men.

By your partial adherence to the measures of a most
despotic and corrupt administration you have justly
incurred the hatred of every honest man who wishes
to see the laws remain in their full force, and the
constitution of England unshaken.

* Printer of the Whisperer.

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Magistrates ought to be well spoken of while they
deserve it, but to do public mischief without hearing
of it is only the prerogative of a tyrant. Every honest
man would be desirous of having his actions openly
examined and publicly scrutinized; it is only those
who are wicked and unjust that dread what is said of
them. In old Rome the people examined the public
proceedings with such discretion, and censured those
who administered them with such equity and mildness,
that during the space of three hundred years not five
public ministers suffered unjustly; but when the people
proceeded to violence, those in power had been the
aggressors. It is guilt only, my lord, that dreads
liberty of speech, which drags it out of its lurking
holes, and exposes its deformity and horror to day-
light.

Old Spencer and his son, who were the vile, the in-
famous ministers and betrayers of Edward the second,
would have been glad to have stopped the mouths,
or shed the blood, of every honest man in England.
They, my lord, like ———, dreaded to be called trai-
tors, because they were so. Sir Francis Walsing-
ham, that served queen Elizabeth faithfully, who
deserved no reproaches, feared none. A misrepre-
sentation of public measures is easily detected, by re-
presenting public measures truly; and when they are
honest, they ought to be publicly known, that they
may be openly commended, but if they are knavish or
pernicious, they ought to be publicly exposed, that
they, and the authors of them, may be publicly de-
tested.

If the earl of Stafford had not deserved to be im-
peached, he need not have feared a bill of attainder.

Now, my lord, if you and the rest of our present
directors are not such knaves as the world thinks
you, prove to the whole world that they think wrong,
and that neither you, nor they, are guilty of those
villainies which are laid to your charge.

I can only laugh, my lord, at the stupidity of
those judges and ministers who think to extinguish,
by the terror of their yower, the memory of their
actions. I will own exalted wickedness is the safest.
I could name an English reign, in which, for above
nine years, there searce passed a week that the prince
did not venture his crown, and his ministers forfeit
exacted; so corrupt and wicked was the government,
and so tame and acquiescing were the people; but
these things are obvious, yet how little are they con-
sidered. It is safer for a great man to rob a country
than for a poor man to steal a loaf; the wages of
villainy protect villains, and justice is only blind
where the object is naked. This is one of those reigns
that stain the annals of English history. I should be
glad to ask your lordship if those judges and coun-
sellors who adjudge a dispensing and lawless power
to kings had not the guilt of a thousand private mur-
derers upon their heads? They in a manner signed a
dead warrant for their country, and so does he who
abuses justice, and endeavours to subvert the laws
and constitution. This is unquestionably certain,
that the least public guilt is greater than the greatest
private guilt; and every man in a public capacity
should consider this, that every step which he takes,
every speech he makes, every vote which he gives,
may affect millions. A good magistrate is the bright-
est character upon earth; but a bad one is a greater
monster than ever Hell engendered. He is an enemy
to his own species. Where there is the greatest trust,
the betraying it is the greatest treason; every inten-
tion manifested by act to destroy the constitution, or
to subvert the rights and liberties of the people being
so by the common law of England, as well as an at-
tempt to destroy the person of the king, or to dethrone
him.

The council of ten in Venice have absolute power
over the liberty and life of every man in the state;
but if they should make use of that power, to slaugh-
ter, abolish, or enslave the senate, and, like the De-
cemviri
of Rome, to set up themselves, would it not
be lawful for those who gave them that authority for
other ends to put those ten unlimited traitors to death
any way that they could? The crown of England
has been generally entrusted with the sole disposal of
the money given for the civil list, and often with the
application of great sums raised for other public uses;
yet if the lord treasurer had applied this money to
the dishonour of the king, and ruin of the people
(though by the private direction of the court itself)

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will any man say that he ought not to have compen-
sated for his crime by the loss of his head and his estate?
And the right of the magistrate arises only from the
right of private men, to defend themselves, to repel
injuries, and to punish those who commit them; that
right being conveyed by the society to their public
representative, he can execute it no farther than the
benefit and security of that society requires he should;
when he exceeds his commission, his acts are as ex-
trajudicial as are those of any private officer, usurp-
ing an unlawful authority; that is, they are void,
for this reason, a power to do good can never become
a warrant for doing evil.

Yet, my lord, you are sensible, through the villainy
of our representatives and the corruption of judges,
the people have suffered many heavy oppressions,
and by the knavish designs of statesmen, this nation
has lost several glorious opportunities of rescuing the
constitution, and settling it upon a firm and lasting
foundation. Let me therefore warn my countrymen
not by the like inattention, and supineness, lose the
present favourable offer. Machiavel tells us that no
government can long subsist, but by recurring often
to its first principles; and this can never be done while
men live at ease and in luxury, for then they cannot
be persuaded to see distant dangers of which they feel
no part. The conjunctures proper for such reforma-
tion are, when men are awakened by misfortunes,
and the approach and near view of present evils, then
they will wish for remedies, and their minds are pre-
pared to receive them, to hear reasons, and fall into
measures proportioned for their security. The great
authority just quoted informs us what expedients are
necessary to save a state under such circumstances. He
tells us, that as tyranny cannot be established but by
destroying Brutus, so a free government is not to be
preserved, but by destroying Brutus’s sons. Let us
therefore put on a resolution equal to the mighty
occasion. Let us exert a spirit worthy of Britons,
worthy of freemen who deserve liberty. Let us shew
to the world that we are not to be enslaved by your
lordship or any set of men. Let us take advantage of
the present opportunity, while mens resentments boil
high, against those who are the authors of the many
arbitrary and destructive measures that have been pro-
jected, and carried into execution. Let neither private
acquaintance, nor personal alliance, stand between
us and our duty to our country.

Let all those, who have a common interest in the
public safety, join in common measures to defend the
public safety. Let us pursue, to disgrace and de-
struction, those who have brought this ruin upon us,
let them be ever so great, or ever so many. Let us
stamp, and deep engrave, in characters legible to all
Europe at present, and to all posterity hereafter,
what vengeance is due to crimes, which have no less
objects in view than the ruin of nations, and the de-
struction of millions. Many bold, desperate, and
wicked attempts, have been made to destroy us. Let
us strike one honest and bold stroke to destroy them.
Though the designs of the conspirators should be laid
deep as the center, though they should raise Hell it-
self, and should fetch legions of votaries from thence
to avow their proceedings, yet let us not leave the
pursuit till we have their heads and estates. Let us
convince the world that Englishmen are no dastards,
but that in cases of exigence, when they are pushed
home, they can withstand every opposition, and dare
to be courageous, when their enemies advance. Many
have been the instances this country has given when
the people have risen superior to every oppression,
and shewn themselves brave in the day of persecution.
They have ever nobly withstood the Scotch, when
they attacked this country in bodies, and have always
routed them. Can it then be doubted that they will
ever give way to the opposition of an individual, one
who has nothing to support him but an obstinate head,
and a bad heart. Know, my lord, it is virtue to
gain ground here; it is the highest pitch of honour to
dispute the sovereignty. I am but an obscure man,
a man of no great influence, but yet have spirit enough
to struggle with contending oppression, and should
think it the greatest honour of my life could I free
this country, either by argument or reproach, from
the arbitrary proceedings of a Scotch chief justice;
the minion of despotic measures. You have long
been, my lord, the bane of this nation, so have your
family , rebels in loyalty, rebels in justice, tyrants in
contention, tyrants in administration. Long will this

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nation rue your being as the head of the treasury.
Long will they have reason to lament a discretionary
power being put into your hands. This unhappy
country has unfortunately seen a Jefferies, so has it a
Mansfield. Children yet unborn will be bouud to
curse your memory, and the annals of England,
where yourname is mentioned, will be a disgrace to
all Europe, and be stigmatized to the end of time.

General LEE’s sensible and very spirited LETTER to
General
BURGOYNE, upon his arrival at
Boston, dated Philadelphia, June 7, 1775.

MY DEAR SIR,
WE have had twenty different accounts of your
arrival at Boston, which have been regularly
contradicted the next morning; but as I now find it
certain that you are arrived, I shall not delay a single
instant addressing myself to you. It is a duty I owe
to the friendship I have long and sincerely professed
for you; a friendship to which you have the strongest
claims from the first moments of our acquaintance.
There is no man from whom I have received so many
testimonies of esteem and affection; there is no man
whose esteem and affection could, in my opinion, have
done me greater honour. I intreat and conjure you
therefore, my dear sir, to impute these lines not to
a petulant itch of scribbling, but to the most un-
feigned solicitude for the future tranquility of your
mind, and for your reputation. I sincerely lament
the infatuation of the times, when men of such a
stamp as Mr. Burgoyne and Mr. Howe can be seduced
into so impious and nefarious a service by the artifice
of a wicked and insidious court and cabinet. You
sir, must be sensible that these epithets are not unjustly
severe. You have yourself experienced the wicked-
ness and treachery of this court and cabinet. You
cannot but recollect their manoeuvres in your own
select committee, and the treatment yourself, as pre-
sident, received from these abandoned men. You
cannot but recoliect the black business of St. Vincents,
by an opposition to which your acquired the highest
and most deserved honour. I shall not trouble you
with my opinion of the right of taxing America
without her own consent, as I am afraid, from what
I have seen of your speeches, that you have already
formed your creed on this article; but I will boldly
affirm, had this right been established by a thousand
statutes, had America admitted it from time imme-
morial, it would be the duty of every good English-
man to exert his utmost to divest parliament of this
right, as it must inevitably work the subversion of
the whole empire. The malady under which the
state labours is indisputably derived from the inade-
quate representation of the subject, and the vast pe-
cuniary influence of the crown. To add to this pe-
cuniary influence and incompetency of representation
is to insure and precipitate our destruction. To wish
any addition can scarcely enter the heart of a citizen
who has the least spark of public virtue, and who is
at the same time capable of seeing consequences the
most immediate. I appeal, sir, to your own con-
science, to your experience and knowledge of our
court and parliament; and I request you to lay your
hand upon your heart, and then answer, with your
usual integrity and frankness, whether, on the sup-
position America should be abject enough to submit
to the terms imposed, you think a single guinea
raised upon her would be applied to the purpose (as
it is ostentatiously held out to deceive the people at
home) of easing the mother country? Or whether
you are not convinced that the whole they could ex-
tract would be applied solely to heap up still further
the enormous fund for corruption which the crown
already possesses, and of which a most diabolical use
is made? On these principles, I say, sir, every good
Englishman, abstracted of all regard for America,
must oppose her being taxed by the British parlia-
ment; for my own part, I am convinced that no
argument (not totally abhorrent from the spirit of
liberty and the British constitution) can be produced
in support of this right. But it would be imperti-
nent to trouble you npon a subject which has been
so amply, and, in my opinion, so fully discussed. I
find by a speech given as your’s in the public papers,
that it was by the king’s positive command you em-
barked in this service. I am somewhat pleased that
it is not an office of your own seeking, though at
the same time, I must confess that it is very alarming
to every virtuous citizen, when he sees men of sense
and integrity (because of a certain profession) lay it
down as a rule implicitly to obey the mandates of a
court, be they ever so flagitious. It furnishes, in my
opinion, the best arguments for the total reduction
of the army. But I am running into a tedious essay,
whereas I ought to confine myself to the main design
and purpose of this letter, which is to guard you and
your colleagues from those prejudices which the same
miscreants, who hrve infatuated general Gage, and
against a brave, loyal, and most deserving people.
The avenues of truth will be shut up to you. I
assert, sir, that even general Gage will deceive you
as he has deceived himself; I do not say he will do
it designedly. I do not think him capable; but his
mind is so totally poisoned, and his understanding so
totally blinded by the society of fools and knaves,
that he no longer is capable of discerning facts as
manifest as the noon day sun. I assert, sir, that he
is ignorant that he has from the beginning been
comsummately ignorant of the principles, temper,
disposition and force of the colonies. I assert, sir,
that his letters to the ministry (at least such as the

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public have seen) are one continued tissue of mis-
representation, injustice and tortured inferences from
misstated facts. I affirm, sir, that he has taken no
pains to inform himself of the truth; that he has
never conversed with a man who has had the cou-
rage ar honesty to tell him the truth. I am apprehen-
sive that you and your colleagues may fall into the
same trap, and it is the apprehension that you may be
inconsiderately hurried by the vigour and activity
you possess, into measures which may be fatal to many
innocent individuals, may hereafter wound your own
feelings, and which cannot possibly serve the cause of
those who sent you, that has prompted me to address
these lines to you. I most devoutly wish that your
industry, valour, and military talents, may be reserved
for a more honourable and virtuous service against the
natural enemies of your country (to whom our court
are so basely complacent) and not be wasted in inef-
fectual attempts to reduce to the wretchedest state of
servitude, the most meritorious part of your fellow
subjects. I say, sir, that any attempts to accomplish
this purpose must be ineffectual. You cannot possibly
succeed.

No man is better acquainted with the state of this
continent than myself. I have ran through almost
the whole colonies, from the north to the south,
and from the south to the north. I have conversed
with all orders of men, from the first estated gentle-
men to the lowest planters and farmers, and can as-
sure you that the same spirit animates the whole. Not
less than an hundred and fifty thousand gentlemen,
yeomen, and farmers, are now in arms, determined
to preserve their liberties or perish. As to the idea
that the Americans are deficient in courage, it is too
ridiculous and glaringly false to deserve a serious re-
futation. I never could conceive upon what this
notion was founded. I served several campaigns in
America the last war, and cannot recollect a single
instance of ill behaviour in the provincials, where the
regulars acquitted themselves well. Indeed we well
remember some instances of the reverse, particularly
where the late colonel Grant (he who lately pledged
himself for the general cowardice of America) ran
away with a large body of his own regiment, and was
saved from the destruction by the valour of a few Virgi-
nians. Such preposterous arguments are only proper
for the Rigby’s and Sandwhich’s, from whose mouths
never issued, and to whose breasts, truth and decency
are utter strangers. You will much oblige me in
communicating this letter to general Howe, to whom
I could wish it should be considered in some measure
addressed, as well as to yourself. Mr. Howe is a man
for whom I have ever had the highest love and reve-
rence. I have honoured him for his own connecti-
ons, but above all for his admirable talents and good
qualities. I have courted his acquaintance and friend-
ship, not only as a pleasure, but as an ornament; I
flatter myself that I have obtained it. Gracious God!
is it possible that Mr. Howe should be prevailed upon
to accept of such an office? That the brother of him
to whose memory the much injured people of Boston
erected a monument, should be employed as one of
the instruments of their destruction! But the fashion
on the times it seems is such as renders it impossible
that he should avoid it. The commands of our most
gracious sovereign are to cancel all moral obligati-
ons, to sanctify every action, even those that the
Satrap of an eastern despot would start at. I shall
now beg leave to say a few words with respect to
myself and the part I act. I was bred up from my
infancy in the highest veneration for the liberties of
mankind in general. What I have seen of courts and
princes convinces me, that power cannot be lodged
in worse hands than in theirs; and of all courts I am
persuaded that ours is the most corrupt and hostile
to the rights of humanity. I am convinced that a
regular plan has been laid (indeed every act since the
present accession evinces it) to abolish ever the shadow
of liberty from among us. It was not the demolition
of the tea, it was not any other particular act of the
Bostonians, or of the other provinces, which consti-
tuted their crimes. But it is the noble spirit of liberty
manifestly pervading the whole continent, which has
rendered them the objects of ministerial and royal
vengeance. Had they been notoriously of another
disposition, had they been homines ad servitudinem
parates,
they might have made as free with the pro-
perty of the East India company as the felonious
North himself with impunity. But the lords of saint
James’s and their mercenaries of saint Stephens will
know, that as long as the free spirit of this great con-
tinent remains unsubdued, the progress they can
make in their scheme of universal despotism, will be
but trifling. Hence it is that they wage inexpiable
war against America. In short, this is the last asylum
of persecuted liberty. Here should the machinations
and fury of her enemies prevail, that bright goddess
must fly off from the face of the earth, and leave not
a trace behind. These, sir, are my principles; this
is my persuasion, and consequentially I am determin-
ed to act. I have now, sir, only to entreat that what-
ever measures you pursue, whether those which your
real friends (myself amongst them) would wish, or
unfortunately those which our accursed misrulers shall
dictate, you will still believe me to be personally, with
the greatest sincerity and affection, your, &c.
C. LEE.

NEW YORK, June, 26.
THE ship Juliana, captain Montgomery, arrived
at Sandy Hook last Saturday night, from Lon-
don, in which vessel our worthy governor came pas-
senger. He landed at 8 o’clock yesterday evening,

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and was conducted to the house of the honourable
Hugh Wallace, esquire, by an immense number of
the principal people of this province.

Yesterday arrived here from Philadelphia, in their
way for the camp at Boston, general Washington,
appointed by the honourable the continental congress
commander in chief or all the provincial troops in
North America, attended by the generals Lee and
Schuyler; they were escorted by a party of light
horse. The generals landed at the seat of colonel
Lispenard about 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon, from
whence they were conducted by nine companies of
foot, in their uniforms, and a greater number of the
principlal inhabitants of this city than ever appeared
here on any occasion before.

Extract of a letter from a gentleman inProvidence
(45 miles from Boston) to his friend in this city,
dated
June 20, 1775.
”As you doubtless have been alarmed with divers
accounts of the contest which happened on the 17th
instant, between the king’s troops and our army, I
shall give you anarrative in a few words, as the
post now waits.

On the evening of the 16th colonel Putnam took
possession of Bunker’s Hill, with about 2000 men,
and began an inchenchment, which they had made
some progress in. At 8 in the morning, a party of
regulars landed at Charlestown, and fired the town
in several places. Under cover of the smoke, a body
of about 5000 men marched up to our intrenchments,
and made a furious and sudden attack. They were
drove back three times; and when they were making
the third attack, one of our people imprudently spoke
aloud, that their powder was all gone; which being
heard by some of the regular officers, they encouraged
their men to march up to the trenches with fixed
bayonets, and entered them; upon which our men
were ordered to retreat, which the did with all
speed, till they got out of musket shot. They then
formed, but were not pursued. In the meantime, 6
men of war, and 4 floating batteries, were brought
up, and kept up a continual fire on the causeway
that leads on to Charlestown. Our people retreated
through the fire, but not without the loss of many of
the men. Our loss is 60 men killed and missing, and
140 wounded. The brave Dr. Warren is among the
former, and colonel Gardener among the latter; and
we left 6 field pieces on the hill. Our people are now
intrenched on Pleasant Hill, within cannon shot of
Bunker’s Hill. The loss of the king’s troops must be
very considerable; the exact number we cannot tell.
If our people had been supplied with ammunition,
they would have held possession most certainly. They
have begun firing on Roxbury with carcasses, to set
it on fire, but have not yet succeeded. Our people
are in high spirits, and are very earnest to put this
matter on another trial.”

JUNE 29.
WE hear that three men of war, and 16 sail of transports, with
British troops on board, are now lying at Sandy Hook. These are
part of the troops which at their embarkation were destined for New
York. Since their arrival here, we are told general Gage has ordered
them to Boston; but if so, we know not why their departure is de-
layed. Some suppose that general Haldimand, who arrived about a
week ago, came here to take the command of these troops. We
are told, they are unwilling to go to Boston.

To his ExcellencyGEORGE WASHINGTON, GENERALISSIMO
of all the forces raised, and to be raised, in the confederated colonies of
America.

The ADDRESS of the provincial congress of the colony of New
York.

May it please your Excellency,
AT a time when the Most loyal of his majesty’s subjects, from a
regard to the laws and constitution by which he sits on the
throne, feel themselves reduced to the unhappy necessity of taking
up arms to defend their dearest rights and privileges, while we deplore
the calamities of this divided empire, we rejoice in the appointment
of a gentleman from whose abilities and virtue we are taught to
expect both security and peace.

Confiding in you, sir, and in the worthy generals immediately
under your command, we have the most flattering hopes of success
in the glorious struggle for American liberty, and fullest assurances
that whenever this important contest shall be decided, by the fon-
dest wish of each American soul, an accommodation with our
mother country, you will cheerfully resign the important deposit
committed into your hands, and re-assume the character of our
worthy citizen.

By Order,
B. V. B. LIVINGSTON, PRESIDENT.

June 26, 1775.
HIS EXCELLENCY’S ANSWER.

GENTLEMEN,
AT the same time, that, with you, I deplore the unhappy ne-
cessity of such an appointment, as that with which I am now
honoured, I cannot but feel sentiments of the highest gratitude for
this affecting instance of distinction and regard.

May your warmest wishes be realised, in the success of America,
at this important and interesting period; and be assured, that every
exertion of my worthy collegues, and myself, will be equally ex-
tended to the re-establishment of peace and harmony between the
mother country and these colonies.

As to the fatal, but necessary operations of war, when we assumed
the soldier, we did not lay aside the citizen; and we shall most sin-
cerely rejoice with you in that happy hour when the establishment
of American liberty, on the most firm and solid foundations, shall
enable us to return to our private stations, in the bosom of a free,
peaceful, and happy country.

G. WASHINGTON.

PHILADELPHIA, June 28.
YESTERDAY arrived here an express from the
American camp, who brought letters to the
congress, and by him we have the following.

Extract of a letter from Weathersfield, June 22, 1775.
”Before this, you must know (I conclude) that
there has been a battle, in which fell the honourable,
the noble doctor Warren. For fear you may not
have the particulars, I will endeavour, in part, to
relate to you how the affair was, as by the best ac-
count I can gather from letters from the camp. Last
Friday afternoon orders were issued for about 18,000
of the provincial troops, and 200 of the Connecticut,

Page 3
Column 1

to parade themselves at 6 o’clock, with one day’s
provision, equipped with packs, blankets, &c. Their
orders were given at 9 o’clock, and they marched with
their teams, trenching tools, &c. on Bunker’s Hill,
to heave up an intrenchment, which you are sensible
is near the water, ships, &c. They worked most sur-
prisingly that night, and were discovered at sunrise
by a sailor from the mast head. The British army
began a fire from Cop’s Hill, near Cotton’s church, in
Boston, and from all the ships that could be brought
to play, which continued till near 8. About 1
o’clock, p. m. the Americans at Cambridge hearing
that the regulars were landing from their floating
batteries, the alarm was sounded, and they were
ordered down to the breast-work at Charlestown. Be-
fore it was possible, captain Chester writes me, he
could get there, the battle had begun in earnest, and
cannon and musket ball were plenty about their ears.
Chester and my brother both were in the engagement;
they reinforced our men that had left the breast-work
in fine order, though they passed through the can-
nonading of the ships, bombs, chain shot, ring shot,
double-headed shot, &c. but then their superior num-
ber of artillery, and number of men (for they were
three to two) forced our men to retreat, after a warm
engagement of an hour and a half. Thank Heaven,
but few of our men fell, considering the advantage
they had of us. Our people were much fatigued with
working at the intrenchments, and I believe not in
the best preparation in the world to meet an enemy.
Add to this terrible scene, the British troops, to their
eternal disgrace, shame, and barbarity, set Charles-
town on fire with torches. My brother says we were
obliged to retreat upon Prospect Hill, where we made
a stand, and said we would all die before we would
retreat any farther; but the British troops did not
think fit to come out from under protection of their
shipping. The loss of Americans is supposed to be,
of wounded, missing, and slain, about 120. A large,
genteel, well-dressed gentleman, that first mounted
our breast-work, was overset by one of our impudent
Americans, who took so good aim as to prevent his
ever mounting another, as he tumbled him into the
entrenchment, just as he cried, ”the day is our own.”
We greatly rejoice to hear the coming of the good,
the brave, and great general WASHINGTON. We
shall receive him with open arms.

July 3.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in the township
of Rygate, on Connecticut river, to his father in New
Jersey, dated
June 10, 1775.

THE Indian and Canadian war is all vanished.
We have had positive accounts from many of
the Indian tribes, who are certainly applied to by
governor Carleton to distress the settlements, but they
say they have received no offence from the people,
so will not make war with them. The French say it
is a war of our own raising, and they will have no
part in it.”

Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Stockbridge,
(Massachusetts Bay) to a gentleman of the congress,
dated
June 22.

”A firm foundation now turns up to view, for the
influence of the Stockbridge Indians among the six
nations, and matters stand well with the Canadian
Indians. If I had time I would relate to you every
particular of what befel the messengers of our Indi-
ans to the Six Nations, and the Canadian Indians.
To be short, they were taken and bound by the re-
gulars, and carried into Montreal, where, by a court
martial they were condemned to be hanged, for a
slight suspicion that they were sent to engage the In-
dians to fall upon the regulars. This event turned
much to our advantage, and has fully fixed the minds
of the Indians there against the regulars. High
threatening words passed between the general and
the Indian Sachems, who were raised far and near
on the occasion, and a wonderful spirit of benevo-
lence appeared towards the young men that were
taken by the Indians there. They told them in the
strongest terms, that they would take their place, they
would die for them. The whole story is very affect-
ing. The Indian Sachems told the general, you
have offered us money to fight for you, but we would
not take it, as we would have nothing to do with your
quarrel, but now we shall know who are our enemies.
If you think it best for you to hang these our brothers,
that came a great way to see us, do it, but remember
we shall not forget it. Upon these threatenings, they
thought it best to let the prisoners go, who got away
with some difficulty. The Canadian Indians farther
told our Indians, that if they did fight at all they
would fight against the regulars, for they did not
like them.”

Extract of a letter from Providence, dated June 20.

”Our government have ordered two cruisers to be
equipped and sent out, to protect the trade. They
have retaken Lindsey’s packet, in sight of the men
of war. The men of war have taken Mr. Gibbs’s
brig, with a load of flour from Philadelphia; and
have taken her cargo on board, for fear she should
be retaken.”

Copy of a LETTER from Mr. Isaac Lathrop, one of
the provincial congress at
Watertown, to major ge-
neral
David Wooster, esquire, at Greenwich.

WATERTOWN, June 22, 1775.
”Before this comes to hand, you will doubtless
hear of the engagement of last Saturday, between our
troops and those of the army at Boston; but lest you
should not be well informed, I will now undertake to
give you as regular an account as can at present be
obtained: Last Friday evening a detachment from

Column 2

the camp at Cambridge marched to Charlestown, and
there took possession of Breed’s Hill, about half a
mile from the ferry. Their intrenching tools not
coming up in season, it was 12 o’clock before they
began their works. As soon as day-light appeared,
they were discovered from Boston, when the men of
war at the ferry, the battery from Cop’s Hill and
the floating batteries, kept up a continual cannon-
ading and bombarding, which fortunately did but
little execution, although our intrenchments were
very far from being compleated. This continued till
about 2 o’clock, when a large army, of about 4 or
5000 (as we since hear from Boston) under the com-
mand of general Howe, landed on the back of the
hill, and marched up with great seeming resolution
towards our lines. Our men reserved their fire till
the enemy had advanced very near, when a general
engagement ensued. The fire from our lines was so
excessive heavy, and made such havock and slaughter,
as obliged the enemy twice to give way, although
many of their officers stood in the rear, with their
swords pointed at their backs, ready to run them
through. Our men kept up a continual blaze upon
them for about an hour, with such execution as is
searce credible. The enemy then came on the flanks,
marched up, and forced their way over the ramparts,
with fixed bayonets, cutlasses, and hand grenades;
which obliged our little brave army, consisting only
of about 1500 men, at most, to retreat. The town
of Charlestown was fired in various parts during the
action, and is now consumed to a wretched heap of
rubbish. I kept my ground at Watertown; but what
with the thundering of cannon and small-arms, the
conflagration of Charlestown, the waggons, and horse-
litters with the wounded men coming to the hospital
in this town, and the streaming of expresses to and
fro, exhibited such an awful scene as I pray God Al-
mighty I may never again behold. The brave and
worthy Dr. Warren was killed, stripped, and buried
within the intrenchment. Our numbers killed are
not yet known, but by the best account I can obtain,
it will not be much exceed 50, and the wounded short
of 100. Several credible persons have made their
escape out of Boston, some of whom I well know.
The latest out says that upwards of 1400 of the ene-
my were killed and wounded, with 84 officers; and
that 28 of our men were made prisoners, and the
enemy had buried 41 of our dead. All agree, that
the loss of the enemy, in killed and wounded, is more
than 1000. General Howe says, you may talk of
your Mindens, Fontenoys, &c. but he never saw nor
heard of such a carnage, in so short a time. All the
surgeons in the army, with what they could get in
Boston, were not sufficient to dress the wounded.
Although they were 24 hours, night and day, in
removing them from Charlestown, with the assistance
of many of the inhabitants of Boston, whom they
pressed into the service, many died in the streets, on
their way to the hospital.

N.B. Dr. Mather had his whole furniture, with
his library, plate, &c. consumed in the fire at Charles-
town. I have employed Mr. Samuel Penfield to go
with this; and if you think it proper to forward this
account to New York, he will be ready to serve you.
You will excuse my sending it open, as I think it is
best for every one to know with what bravery our men
have acted, and how God, in his providence, seems
to appear for us. Mr. Penfield will also hand you a
paper from Cambridge, which contains some par-
ticulars.”

A letter from Roxbury, dated June 22, gives much
the same account of the action of the 17th that we
have in the above letter; and that, by the returns, it
appears our loss was 58 killed and missing, and about
90 wounded; that the killed and wounded of the re-
gulars were 990, among whom were 70 officers, in-
cluding majors Picairn and Sherriff, and one general
officer.

Last night (says the same letter) some of our In-
dians killed three of their guards, and took a watch
and 30 dollars. Yesterday our advanced party at
Dorchester fired into a boat that was sounding, and
killed four, on which they went off. Captain Coit
had ten of his men wounded, two dangerously. We
are fortifying here, and hope to give them a warm
reception when they come out. We expect another
visit on the arrival of the forces which they daily ex-
pect. Colonel W. of Saybrooke, says, that at the
time our people left the ground, we had much the
better of the enemy, and only retired for want of
powder.”

We hear that John Macpherson, esquire, is ap-
pointed aid-de-camp to major general Schuyler.

Friday evening arrived here the troop of light horse
belonging to this city, after escorting generals Wash-
ington, Lee, and Schuyler, to New Rochelle (about
twenty five miles beyond New York) upon their way
to the American camp at Cambridge.

WILLIAMSBURG.
GENERAL Lee has lately wrote to the right
honourable lord viscount Barrington, secretary
at war, expressly declaring that he would no longer
receive his half pay from the 22d ult. This great
man, at the same time, assures his lordship, that
whenever it shall please his majesty to call him forth
to any honourable service against the natural heredi-
tary enemies of this country, or in defence of his just
rights and dignity, no subject will obey the righteous
summons with more zeal and alacrity than himself.

The northern post brings us a great number of accounts more than
we have inserted in this paper, relative to the late battle near
Boston; but as they all agree, we think it needless to publish them.

Column 3

GLOUCESTER TOWN, FRIDAY July 13,1775. It is certain
that a boat from the Fowey or Otter landed several armed men on
an island in the lower end of this county, who stole 14 sheep and a
cow. The owner of them alarmed his neighbours; but before they
could arm themselves the robbers had made off. However, the
people, who are now well furnished with arms, &c. will be ready to
give them a warm reception, should they favour them with another
visit. Quere, Are not the negro slaves, now on board the Fowey,
which are under the g—————r’s protection, in actual rebellion, and
punishable as such? Is it not high time to shew administration how
little they have to expect from that part of their bloody plan, by
arming our trusty slaves ourselves?

WILLIAMSBURG, July 13, 1775.
WHEREAS we the subscribers and executors of the estate of
the deceased John Turner, late of this city, merchant,
being duly impowered to act, did think proper, on the 3d, instant,
to discharge Mr. George Reid, who for these sixteen months past has
had the management of said John Turner’s business, and the settling
of the estate of Allan and Turuer, late of this place, merchants;
this is to inform the public that we have now appointed William
Turner
to the management of said estate, and that he alone is hereby
fully authorized to settle every transaction relative thereto. We hope
those indebted will be speedy in making settlements, as the debts
owing to Allan and Turner’s estate have now long been due, and their
creditors in Britain, and Mr. Allan’s heirs, are now very solicitous
for remittances.
WILLIAM PEARSON,}
WILLIAM TURNER,} executors.

IN consequence of a resolution of the committee of Middlesex,
entered into on the 6th of June, respecting some goods taken
from on board captain Moses Robinson by Mess. Mills and company,
in vindication of my own character, I am induced to inform the
public, that being at Urbanna, where I went to deliver a vessel to
those gentlemen, I saw boats pass divers times in the night to and
from captain Robinson’s ship; at the same time a gentleman of that
company stood on the shore, where we saw parcels landed, which
appeared to be goods. This we are ready to make oath to when-
ever required.
JOHN PARSONS,
WILLIAM DEGGE,
JOHN DEGGE,
WILLIAM HUDGEN.

JUST IMPORTED,
A CARGO of SALT from St. Ubes and Lewis town, in
the ship Molly, captain Cowan, which will be sold on board
the said ship at Hobb’s Hole, or by the subscriber, in Urbanna.
JAMES MILLS.

IF one ROBERT WALKER, a native of Scotland, who resided in
Tooks, in the parish of Dunotter, in that country, until the time
of his departure for this colony, which, as nearly as his friends can
recollect, was 44 or 45 years ago, and, by the only accounts they
received concerning him, lives on Rappahannock river, be still living,
he may, by applying to the printer of this paper, hear of something
greatly to his advantage. But if he is dead, or has removed out of
this colony, it is most humbly requested of any person acquainted
therewith to make known every material particular concerning him
by a publication in this paper, wherein, in case of his death, an ac-
count of the place where, and time when, he died, is desired, whe-
ther he left any legitimate children, how many, and their respective
places of residence and vocations. No expence will accrue to the
kind informer, as the printer has directions to insert such publica-
tion at the cost of the advertiser. 2*

STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber, in James City, near
Vauxhall, on the 29th of June, a large dapple gray horse, up-
wards of 14 hands and a half high, about 8 years old last spring,
with a hanging mane and switch tail, paces slow, trots and gallops,
has a remarkable lofty carriage, a split in his right fore hoof, and is
branded on the near buttock I B, or L B, I cannot recollect which.
He is very apt to switch his tail if touched behind when riding. If
the said horse is taken up within 20 miles, and brought to me, I
will give FIFTEEN SHILLINGS reward, and if at a greater
distance THIRTY SHILLINGS, and FIVE POUNDS if the
thief can be detected, and brought to justice.
JOHN COWLES.

STOLEN from the subscriber, in Isle of Wight, near Smithfield,
on the 15th of June, a middle sized roan horse, 14 hands high,
13 or 14 years old, with a hanging mane and switch tail; he has
three white feet, and a remarkable sear on his rump, occasioned by
the kick of a horse, and is round like a horse’s hoof, which is grown
out with black hairs; he was low in flesh. Any person that brings
the said horse to me shall receive FORTY SHILLINGS reward,
and on conviction of the thief FIVE POUNDS.
THOMAS SCOTT.

STRAYED from the subscriber, onThursday the 8th of June, a
likely bay horse, 5 years old, 14 hands and an inch high, with
a hanging mane end switch tail, his hind feet white above the first
joint, and his left fore foot just above the hoof; he has a star and
snip, but no brand. Whoever will deliver the said horse to me, in
Essex county or give intelligence so that I may get him again, shall
receive a reward of TWENTY SHILLINGS.
ROBERT BROOKE.

STRAYED or stolen from the house of Mr. Sampson Matthews,
in Augusta, a very black horse, about 16 hands high, 5 or 6
years old, paces, trots a little, and goes in a hand-gallop tolerably
well, has a hanging mane and short switch tail, is rather clumsy,
has no marks, nor branded, as can be remembered, shod all round,
and has a remarkable clumsy head; he was bred about Staunton,
in the county above mentioned. A reward of TWENTY SHIL-
LINGS will be given to any person that will bring him to the sub-
scriber, in Fredericksburg, and all reasonable charges allowed.
PATRICK CARY.

STRAYED from the subscriber, last Sunday night, a bay horse,
in tolerable good order, about 13 hands high, and about 10 or
11 years old, has some saddle spots, with a hanging mane and switch
tail, and shod all round. I believe he was branded on the off buttock,
and think he has a small white spot in his forehead. TWENTY
SHILLINGS will be given to any person who will convey him
to JOHN PINKNEY.

RUN away from the subscriber, in Chesterfield county, a servant
man, named WILLIAM ROLLNGS. He is of the middle
statue, much marked with the smallpox, and is of a red complexion;
had on when he went away a blanket great coat. Any person that
will deliver him to me, or secure him in any of the gaols of this
colony, so that I may get him, shall receive FORTY SHILLINGS
reward. FRANCIS SMITH.
*** He came down as a waggoner with the Chesterfield volunteers,
and was placed near the palace, and I suspect he is on board the man
of war.

RUN away on the 12th of this instant (July) a servant man,
named JOHN MASON, 22 or 23 years of age, by trade
a barber, about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, of a thin visage, stoops
in his walk, and has short black hair; had on a brown Holland coat
and jacket, Russia drab breeches, and Virginia knit cotton stockings.
Whoever will bring the said Mason to me, if taken up within 12
miles of Williamsburg, shall recieve TEN SHILLINGS, or
TWENTY SHILLINGS if at a greater distance or TWENTY
SHILLINGS to secure him in any gaol, so that I may get him again.
*** All persons are hereby forewarned from harbouring him at
their peril. tf WALTER LENOX.

WILLIAMSBURG, July 13, 1775.
LOST out of my pocket, a small POCKET BOOK,
which contains several loose papers, together with a note of
hand given by Mr. John Bo Forcee to Mr. Thomas Woodward, with
credit for about 2£. 5s. paid to Benjamin Woodward. This is to
forewarn all persons from taking an assignment of the said note of
hand. Whoever will bring the said pocket book to the subscriber
shall receive TEN SHILLINGS.
BENJAMIN WOODWARD.

Page 4
Column 3

POETS CORNER

The FOP.
NOW VANITY her playful part assumes,
And tricks him out in all her gayest plumes.
South, east, and west, are fought with curious care,
And boreas wafts the flutt’ring youth a share;
For him the inventive artist hourly plies,
Views ev’ry flower, and blends the varied dyes;
He raves of fashions, gives th’ important rule,
Which guides the mode of ev’ry mimic fool;
Smiles, simpers tosses his fantastic head,
And strikes, in thought, each hapless fair one dead.
Turn to the insect, youth, that art so vain,
Then, if thou canst, thy folly still maintain;
Dress’d by the summer fun, from earth he springs,
Opes his gay downs, and spreads his gold dropp’d wings,
Turns ev’ry beauty to the sunny ray,
And winnows with soft wing his easy way,
Till from the north a sudden blast arise,
Down drops the painted flutterer, and dies!
Even such the frail condition, such the span,
Which circumscribes the little race of man,
Offspring of earth, that blooms but to decay,
The gaudy, glittering insect, of a day.

RUN away last Saturday night a servant man, by trade a joiner,
goes by the name of WILLIAM CLARK, is about 19 years
of age, has sandy curled hair, pretty much freckled, had a down
look when talking, and is about 5 feet 6 inches high; had on a
blue outside jacket, scarlet waistcoat, and crimson breeches. Who-
ever brings him to me shall have FIVE POUNDS reward. He
winks with his left eye, and one corner of his hat is torn off.
STEPHEN MITCHELL.

RAN away from York town, on Sunday morning, an indented
servant man, with a remarkable long head, about 5 feet 6
inches high, slender made about the arms and body, and was born in
Dublin; had on a brown mixed cloth coat, nankeen breeches, and
striped waistcoat, with short dark hair. He came in by the name
of John O’Brian, but his right name is James Brenon. He is by
trade a tailor, and a very good workman, can write very well, and
I imagine he will forge a pass, but do not think he will go by either
of his names. Whoever will take him up, and contrive him to
me, or secure him, so as I get him again, shall have FIVE POUNDS
reward. WILLIAM DAVIS.

STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber, in Pittsylvania, a large
strawberry roan horse, about 5 feet high, branded on the left
shoulder T B in a piece, about 8 or 9 years old, is a natural pacer,
but paces slow, the under part of his mane has been lately cut, and
he carries his tail remarkably high when rode, and rather over his
right hip. Any person that will bring the said horse to me, in
Pittsylvania, on Pigg river, near the mouth of Snow creek, shall
have FORTY SHILLINGS reward. * GEORGE BELL.

TAKEN up, in Spotsylvania, a small black cow, with some white
under her belly, about 5 years old, marked with a crop, slit,
and underkeel, in the left ear, and a slit in the right. Posted, and
appraised to 1£. 15s. WILLIAM SMITH.

TAKEN up, in Augusta, near Rockvish Gap, a small bay mare,
about 12 hands high, branded on the off shoulder I D, with a
hanging mane and switch tail, about 12 years old, and paces. Post-
ed, and appraised to 4£. * SAMUEL STEEL.

TAKEN up, in Dinwiddie, a dark bay horse, about 4 feet 4 or 5
inches high, branded on the near buttock and shoulder D, has
lost one eye, and has some white hairs in his forehead.
* JOHN HARPER.

STRAYED or stolen from Fredericksburg, the 29th of April last,
a dark bay horse, about 13 hands 3 inches high, has glass eyes,
one a little more so than the other, a short sprig tail, a large star and
snip (or rather blaze) in his face, his off hind foot white, branded
on the near shoulder A, and on the near buttock S, and was bred
about 10 miles from Augusta courthouse. Whoever takes up the
said horse, and delivers him to me, in Dumfries, Prince William
county, shall receive FIVE DOLLARS reward.
2* WILLIAM BRENT.

THE subscriber being very desirous of getting out of debt, with-
out any dependence on his ungrateful debtors, proposed to sell
THE PLEASANT AND HEALTHY SEAT OF
HUNTINGTON,
near Appamattox river, in the lower end of Buckingham, with 1500
or 2000 acres of good land, which produces fine tobacco, hemp,
wheat, &c. The houses are new, and the best I have seen in the
county. A larger and better garden, I believe is not in the colony,
and on the land are several hundred fruit trees, of the best kinds;
many of which were brought by water, to Richmond town, above
80 miles. On this tract is a large proportion of exceeding fine
meadow land, with a fine fish-pond within 300 yards of the dwel-
linghouse, stored with various kinds of fine fish, sufficient for the
use of a family the year around. In this neighbourhood is plenty of
excellent venison; the air is so pure that I never knew an instance
of any person having the ague and fever at Huntington. I have tra-
velled through the most parts of Virginia, and have not seen any part
that I would so soon live at as in this neighbourhood. If I sell this
place, I shall live on part of the tract of land that has been advertised
for some time past. I make no doubt but Appamattox river will be
soon cleared, and then wheat will be carried as far as colonel Ba-
nister
’s mill, by Petersburg, for 4d. or 5d. per bushel. At this place
I made 100 gallons of wine in 1772, and last year, if it had not
been for the frost, I could have made 5 or 600 gallons, which quan-
tity I expect to make this year. Huntington would be a pleasant and
safe place for a gentleman to retreat to, in the horrors of a civil war,
or in the sickly months, which are in many parts of the lowlands.

”What is honour, grandeur, wealth?
”All fleeting; nothing’s without health.”

I hope any gentleman inclinable to purchase will visit the premises
this summer. I will also sell the tract of rich land, which I adver-
tised in Albemarle for some time, very cheap; that is, for half its
value. ANTHONY WINSTON.

RUN away from the subscriber, in Pittsylvania, the 10th of
April last, two convict servant men: WILLIAM WILMORE
is an Englishman, a weaver by trade, a short, well made man, of a
fresh complexion, has short black hair, inclinable to curl, is given
much to flattery and laughter, and has lost one thumb. He had on
a reddish turned cloth jacket, and a pair of nankeen breeches. The
other is an Irishman, with black hair and large black beard, is a
short fellow, remarkably thick in his shape, and is a sailor. He had
on a white plains jacket, and a pair of black knit breeches. Who-
ever shall take up the said servants, and contrive so that the owner
may get them again, shall receive TEN POUNDS reward.
3* JOHN MARR.

RUN away from Edenton, in North Carolina, on the 27th of
April last, a negro wench, named ROAD, about 28 years
of age. She was born in New England, and speaks in that dialect,
has remarkable thick lips, wears her hair combed over a large roll,
and affects gaiety in dress. She had on, and took with her, a home-
spun striped jacket, a red quilted petticoat, a black silk hat, a pair
of leather shoes, with wooden heals, a chintz gown, and a black
cloak. She is supposed to have a forged pass, and may endeavour to
pass as a free woman, and change her clothes and name. Whoever
will take up the said wench, and return her to the subscriber, or to
Joseph Blunt, esquire, of Edenton, or to Kender Merchant, esquire,
of Currituck, or secure her in any of his majesty’s gaols, and notify
the owner, shall receive FORTY SHILLINGS reward, and reason-
able charges, by 2* JOSIAH HALL.

Column 2

FIVE POUNDS REWARD.
RAN away from the subscriber, about six days before Christmas,
a negro man, named EMMANUEL, formerly the property
of colonel Philip Rootes, of a yellowish complexion, about 5 feet 8
or 9 inches high, with a scar on his left hand, where the thumb
joins, and has an effeminate voice. I am afraid he has got on board
some vessel. Any person who will take up the said fellow, and de-
liver him to me, at Charlottsville town, in Albemarle, or to Mr.
Peter Clarkson, at Carr’s Lowgrounds, shall receive the above reward,
besides what the law allows. 3* THOMAS CARR.

A MAN, with a small family, would gladly be employed in any
gentleman’s service, either in Virginia or Carolina, as a head
overseer or steward, and will come well recommended. He under
stands surveying, and may be employed in that business. Apply to
the printer, or the honourable John Tayloe, esquire, in Richmond.
He will write to any gentleman as soon as a letter comes to hand.

STRAYED from my plantation, near Dumfries, on Friday the
12th of May last, a bright bay mare, near 14 hands high,
with a long bob tail, and very thick mane, is a natural pacer, and
gallops very aukwardly. She is marked, if I remember right, with
a W on the left shoulder, had a yoke on, and was seen about ten
days ago near Bull Run church, in Fauquier county. Whoever will
bring her to the subscriber, in Dumfries, shall have FIFTY SHIL-
LINGS reward. 3 GEORGE GRAHAM.

TAKEN up, in Orange, a bay mare, 4 feet 7 inches high, branded
on the near shoulder I K, has a bell on, which is marked . . . . .
and buckled with a large buckle; she has some white hairs in her
forehead and on her shoulder, occasioned by a collar, and a sprig tail
and hanging mane. Posted, and appraised, with the bell, to 10£.
JAMES COURSEY.

TAKEN up, in Orange, a pied steer, marked with a swallow fork
in the left, and a crop in the right ear. Posted and appraised
to 2£. ISAAC GEORGE.

TAKEN up, in Orange, a bay horse, about 10 years old, has a
sprig tail and hanging mane, about 4 feet 4 inches high, branded
on the near buttock D, and on the top of his head there is a scar,
which apears as if he had had the pole evil. Posted, and appraised
to 7£. JAMES COURSEY.

TAKEN up, in Albemarle, on Hardware river, an iron gray horse,
with some saddle spots, about 4 feet 8 or 9 inches high, branded
on the off buttock with WAR in a piece, and is shod before.
Posted, and appraised to 15£. * CHARES HUDSON.

TAKEN up, in Bedford, a bay horse, about 4 feet 6 inches high,
with some saddle spots, and about 11 years old, has on a small
bell, and branded on the near buttock H B. Posted, and appraised
to 6£. * AQUILLA GILBERT.

TAKEN up, in Goochland, a white pied steer, his face almost
white, the ends of his horns sawed off, and is marked with a
crop and slit in the right ear, and a slit in the left, and appears to be
about 5 years old. Posted, and appraised at 2£. 5s.
* JOIHN WOODWARD.

TAKEN up, in Buckingham, a fleabitten gray horse, about 9 years
old, 5 feet 10 inches high, in tolerable good order, and branded
on the near buttock d, as near as I can make it out. He paces a
running gait, and trots. Posted, and appraised to 13£.
* CHARLES MAXEY.

TAKEN up, in Goochland a bright bay horse, about 10 or 12 years
old, 4 feet 4 or 5 inches high, branded on the shoulder A I N,
and on the buttock I, with a small star in his forehead, one of his
feet white to the footlock, and paces a slow gait. Posted, and
appraised to 7£. * JOHN HOPKINS.

TAKEN up, in Orage, a brindle cow, marked with a crop in each
ear, and an underkeel in the left. Posted, and appraised to 3£.
* ISAAC GEORGE.

TAKEN up, in Albemarle, a chesnut sorrel horse, about 9 or 10
years old, 4 feet 6 inches high, has a sore back, and several
saddle spots, but no brand perceivable. Posted, and appraised to
6£. 10s. * THOMAS CARR.

STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber, in Fredericksburg, the
13th of January last, a sorrel horse, about 13 hands high, 5 or
6 years old, has a hanging mane, and a switch tail, which is very
thick, and lays on both sides the neck, a blaze on his forehead, with
whitish hind feet, and branded on the near shoulder [Capital H, rotated to its side]. Whoever
brings me the said horse shall have TEN SHILLINGS reward.
I* ROBERT SCOT.

WEST POINT, June 2, 1775.
STRAYED from the subscriber, about two months ago, two
HORSES, one of them a dark bay, with a roached mane and
bob tail, has a star in his forehead, and about fourteen hands high,
his brand, if any, unknown. The other is a bright bay, with a
bushy mane and broom tail. Whoever takes up the said horses and
gives notice so that they may be had shall have FIVE POUNDS
reward, or fifty shillings for either. THOMAS MOORE.

RUN away from the subscriber, in Spotsylvania, the 20th of
May, a convict servant man, named GEORGE NEWTON,
a farmer, born in Yorkshire, and imported in the Justitia this spring,
a stout man, about 6 feet high, much freckled, has a very red beard,
and walks clumsily. I am informed he has a scar on the fore part of
his head, and some scars on his left arm, which he says was occa-
sioned by shot. He has been in some office about the custom house in
London. He took with him two oznabrig shirts, almost new, one
of them died of a purple colour, a pair of oznabrig trowsers, rather
too small for him, a felt hat, bound, a pair of old country shoes, a
jacket without sleeves, much worn, a Dutch blanket, a white linen
shirt, a stock, and brass stock buckle, a pair of new worsted hose,
mixed brown and white, and one pair of white yarn stockings. I
suspect he has other clothes with him. He also took away with
him a negro man, named GEORGE, about 5 feet 3 inches high,
well made, and understands working in stone and woods; his fore
teeth in the upper jaw is a good deal worn; the finger next to his
little finger, on his left hand, is stiff in the first joint, occasioned by
a cut and when the others are shut, stands out; he has lost part of a
toe, and, as well as I remember, it is the toe next his great toe,
and on the left foot. He took with him some oznabrig shirts, a
kersey jacket, with yellow metal buttons, a pair of white yarn
stockings, a blanket, a pair of country made shoes with some other
clothes. They say they intend getting on board some ship, but I
suspect they will endeavour getting on board the man of war. All
masters of vessels, or other persons, are forewared from harbouring
or taking them on board. I will give FIVE POUNDS reward for
both, or THREE POUNDS for Newton, and FORTY
SHILLINGS for George, besides what the law allows, if conveyed
to me, near Fredericksburg. or FORTY SHILLINGS each if
secured in any gaol, so that I get them again. If they are not well
secured they will make their escapes, being both cunning, artful
fellows. JAMES TUTT.

N. B. I suspect a negro man, named Tim, belonging to the
honourable John Tayloe, is gone off with them.

To be SOLD on the premises, on the 10th day of August next,
THE PLANTATION of the late Michael Reagan, in Fairfax
county, containing about 700 acres, lying on Hunting Creek
Run,
within 5 miles of Alexandria. The land is well calculated for
tobacco, wheat, &c. A quantity of meadow may easily be made,
having the advantage of a stream running through it, and a good
mill seat, good orchards, &c. One half the purchase money to be
paid on the sale, the remainder in twelve months, giving security.
tdf NICHOLAS REAGAN, executor.

TO BE SOLD, IN AMHERST COUNTY,
ABOUT 4000 acres of exceeding good tobacco LAND, being
part of a larger tract formerly advertised, together with a very
valuable GRIST MILL, upon Buffalo river. This land is equal to
any that has yet been sold of the tract. The time of payment will
be made agreeable to purchasers. Mr. Gabriel Penn, who lives near
the land, is authorized to bargain for it, and will shew it to any
persons inclinable to purchase.
tf CARTER BRAXTON.

Column 3

FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RUN away from the subscriber, in Loudoun, on the 14th of May,
two Irish convict servants, viz. FRANCIS IRWIN, a stout
fellow, about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, with a sandy complexion,
short curled hair, think visage, and grey eyes; he has two large upper
teeth before, a remarkable hoarse voice, and is by trade a blacksmith.
MICHAEL LANE, lately from Ireland, is about 5 feet 9 or 10
inches high, with a dark complexion, short dark hair, and black
eyes. They had on, and took with them, the following articles:
Two check, two oznabrig, and some white shirts, two pair of oznabrig
trowsers, one black and one red and white silk handkerchiefs, a fine
hat, bound with velvet, with a band of the same, a coarse ditto,
bound with ferret, one pair of gray thread and some worsted stockings,
a pair of stitched pumps, with long quarters, one pair of new and one
of old shoes, a sailors blue jacket, and one knit ditto, a light co-
loured cloth coat, patched at the elbows, a half worn janes ditto,
lined with brown holland, a gray surtout, and one brown ditto, with
a velvet cape, a pair of leather breeches, two motly coloured rugs,
one blanket, and a smooth bored gun. They also took with them
two mares: One of them is a bright bay, about 15 hands high, shod
all round, paces, trots, and gallops, but is most accustomed to trotting,
has two remarkable sores, one on each side of her back, near the hind
part of the saddle. The other mare is of a dark brown, about 13
hands high, shod before, and her mane hangs to the left side. Who-
ever secures them in any gaol, so that I may get them again, shall
receive TWENTY DOLLARS for each, and TEN DOLLARS
for the mares, besides reasonable charges, if brought home.

*** All owners of ferries are requested to take particular notice,
as it is expected they will make towards New York or Boston.
SAMUEL CANBY.

To be RENTED for any term of years, not exceeding fourteen,
and entered upon next
November,
THE FERRY and HOUSES opposite to Alexandria, either with
or without an adjoining, improved plantation, the land where-
of is in general good, with a large quantity of meadow ground. This
being a place much frequented, and likely to become daily more so,
with the daily rising importance of Alexandria, renders it peculiarly
fit for either a tavern or a place of trade, or both. The buildings
now upon it, excepting a new house intended for a kitchen, are but
indifferent; it is therefore proposed that the tenant shall errect such
as he may judge necessary; for which a proper abatement will be
made in the rent. For terms apply to Daniel Dulany, junior, esquire,
attorney at law in Annapolis, or to John Addison, esquire, and the
reverend Jonathan Boucher, near the premises. 5*

For SALE, in CHESTERFIELD county,
A TRACT of LAND, lying on Appomattox river, about
3 miles below Petersburg, containing 307 acres, 50 of which
are very valuable marsh and meadow land, the residue good high
land, well calculated for a farm. There is on this land a good
dwellinghouse, outhouses, barns, and all other necessary buildings,
very fine orchards, and other valuable improvements. The situa-
tion is exceedingly beautiful and healthy. Also a tract of land,
lying on the same river, in the lower part of Amelia county, con-
taining 540 acres, 200 of which are low grounds; the whole tract
equal in goodness to any land in the colony, the high land lies level,
and produces fine crops of tobacco, wheat, and corn; it is well
known by the name of Goose Island; the buildings and other
improvements are valuable, and the plantation in fine order; it will
work 12 or 15 hands to advantage. Both or either of these tracts
of land will be sold on any time of credit not exceeding 7 years,
the purchaser giving bond with approved security, and paying in-
terest from the date of the bond. t f ROBERT KENNON.

FOR SALE,
NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land,
lying on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa,
with three plantations thereon, two of which has
sufficient houses for overseers and negroes; the other
is improved with all necessary buildings, and orch-
ards of all kinds, fit for the reception of a gentle-
man, the houses being finished in the best manner.
This tract is well timbered and watered, lies within
32 miles of Fredericksburg, and 43 of Page’s ware-
house; there are at least 400 acres of low grounds,
of the best soil, 300 of which are now to cut. The
three plantations are under good fences, and in good
order to work 12 or 15 hands. Robert Fleming,
John Maffey, and John Lain, are now in possession
of the plantations, who will shew the land to any
person inclinable to purchase, and Major Thomas
Johnson will agree with them for the price. The
above tract is esteemed the most valuable in Louisa
for growing corn, wheat, or tobacco, and situated in
the best range for stock of any below the great moun-
tains. (tr I*)

FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,
A PLANTATION in good order for cropping,
none of the land having been cleared above
six years, with all necessary houses, quite new, to-
gether with 1500 acres of exceeding rich land, the
soil of which is so good that it will bring large to-
bacco for five of six years without dung. I have
made on this plantation above three thousand pounds
of tobacco per share. The place is very healthy, and
has a fine range for stock. This land lies in the
lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-
mattox river, on each side of Great Ducker’s and
Mayo creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this
land to Petersburg by water, and last month, in
the dry weather, two canoe loads of wheat were
carried near to Petersburg, and the canoes brought
back; they were loaded but a little below this land.
I make no doubt but Appomattox river will be soon
cleared, and then the expence of sending wheat, to-
bacco, &c. will be trifling. Any person inclinable
to purchase will see, by the produce of the land, that
it is exceeding rich. I really do not know any better
high land in the colony. This tract of land is well
timbered, and has excellent water on it. I do not
know a better place for a merchant mill than is on
Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising
wheat in these parts, and a good mill would be very
advantageous to the owner. Also another tract of
land of 826 acres, in Albemarle county, I believe
about ten miles from the courthouse, joining Mr.
James Harris and the quarters of Mr. John Winston.
On this land is a small plantation, a good apple
orchard, &c. The land is good, and my price so
low, that I am convinced any person who viewed
either of the above tracts of land would not he-
sitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither of these
tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever. A
reasonable time of payment will be allowed.
tf ANTHONY WINSTON.

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Citation

Pinckney, John, -1777, printer, “The Virginia Gazette. Number 479, Thursday, July 13, 1775,” Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, accessed March 28, 2024, https://cwfjdrlsc.omeka.net/items/show/173.
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