Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation

Virginia Gazette, or, The Norfolk Intelligencer. Number 18, from Thursday September 29 to Thursday October 6, 1774

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Virginia Gazette, or, The Norfolk Intelligencer. Number 18, from Thursday September 29 to Thursday October 6, 1774

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VIRGINIA GAZETTE,

OR THE
NORFOLK INTELLIGENCER.

DO THOU GREAT LIBERTY! Inspire our Souls.—make our Lives, in THY Possession happy, ---Or our Deaths GLORIOUS in THY JUST DEFENCE!
From THURSDAY SEPTEMBER 29, to THURDSDAY OCTOBER 6-----1774. (No. 18.)

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A LETTER from a celebrated WRITER, on the per-
nicious Consequences of TEA; addressed to a
LADY.

IF it had been my fortune to enjoy
a greater share of wit, and a less
portion of courage, I should hard
ly have encountered so formidably
an enemy, with such great ailan-
ces, being so little supported as I
am. To say the strength of my
antagonist is founded in fancy and
opinion, is acknowledging it is ve-
ry strong; and if I were really
inspired with the spirit of a Cur-
tius, would my leaping into the
gulph save my country?

Among the few plausible reasons I have heard in defence of tea,
it is maintained with a serious air, by some persons who have made
China voyages, that tea cures and prevents the scurvy; and I have
also heard this observation ridiculed by others of at least as much
experience.

Here it must be observed, that provisions are good and cheap in
China, and the seamen generally leave Canton in vigorous health.
I will not dispute however that sipping a warm liquid, ,may some
times be of service to seamen whilst they eat salt provisions; but I
rather apprehend these owe their health to rest, to sailing with a
trade-wing; to rice and other kinds of farenaceous foods, and not
to tea.

If tea would really precent the scurvy in preference to all herbs
of our own growth, it might be a very wise measure to send a quan-
tity of it on board all his majesty’s ships, especially in time of war.
We have thousands, I might say millions, of tea-drinkers, who are
of less consequence to the state, and less exposed to this complaint
than our seamen; but who ever thought of this expedient for the
service of the navy? On the contrary, vinegar is best calculated to
temper the quality of salt beef, and to prevent the ordinary effects
of the salt water air. If to this we add soops, dried fish, vegetables,
and more farenaceous aliments than are in use, would they not an-
swer better than tea?

The nations which never tasted the infusion of tea, are they more
troubled with this malady, either by land or sea, than we are? If
we, being islanders, are in general subject to this distemper, let us
eat less animal food; we shall surely find better effects from veg-
tables, bread, milk, and cold water, these being good in their kind,
than from tea. Besides, we often find that acids will prevent the
scurvy; and sugar which is the concomitant of tea, is apt to pro-
duce it: this distemper is frequent among West-Indians, who are
fond of sweet-meats; boys in grocers shops; and what is more re-
markable, men who break sugar for the grocers, are observed to be
more than commonly affected with the scurvy.

It is alleged by some ingenious gentlemen, that as warm liquids
promote perspiration, which is more particularly necessary in bodies
subject to the scurvy, the infusion of tea ought therefore to be re-
commended. This is as if a proper degree of perspiration could not
be excited by warm clothing, exercise, wholesome meats and drinks.
Or if it must be done by warm liquids, why not by the infusion of
some of our own herbs which are really antiseorbutic. The relax-
ed habit which is brought on by drinking tea, enervating the powers
of nature, and disabling her to throw off what is pernicious, does
really cherish this distemper, instead of destroying. They being
much exposed to air, without proper exercise, as it obstructs the nat-
tural secretions, it routswill bring on the scurvy; and in most seasons
of the year, our atmosphere is chiefly composed of watery particles.

You have seen how the hands of your women-washers are
shriveled by hot water; you feel how hot liquids give pain exter-
nally and internally, even when they do not scald; you are also
sensible, when you go to routs, or to theaters, of the pernicious ef-
fects of hot airs to the lungs. And after all do you really imagine,
that nature requires our drinking liquids even so warm as our blood?
The Chinese, who live in a very hot climate, drink no liquor cold
nor hot, it is only warm; but I suppose they would live longer if
it was left in the state which nature provides it for them. Very
hot, or very cold liquors taken as medicines, may produce effects,
which, in the ordinary course of the animal operations, are not
necessary: the same as things very hot, or very cold, in quality,
are not therefore proper for common food. In Italy they often
cure fevers with ice; and you may have heard some doctors say
that mustard is good in their hands, but not in common use: nay,
I believe that tea, in the doctor’s hands may be sometimes used to
more advantage than many drugs which load the shelves of a-
pothecaries.

I suppose that more than three quarters of mankind drink no o-
ther liquor than water in its natural state. In very cold countries,
in the height of winter, warm liquors may be sometimes necessary
to relax; but even in such circumstance, in general I know that
cold water is drank in small quantities, not only with safety, but
it really invigorates much more than hot. Nature seems to point
out to us, that liquors moderately cold are best; tho’ the degree
of cold which may be safe to use in a cold climate may be dange-
rous in a hot one; and so far we may account for the Chinese cus-
tom differing with the common practice in Europe. The peasant,
whose life, in spite of the evils inseparable from poverty, is gene-
rally the longest, finds that cold water is the best remedy for fevers,
agues, and many other disorders, Nature, indulgent to all created
beings, seems to have provided this as a medicine, as well as a nu-
triment for all mankind, though some experience is necessary as to
the manner of using it.

But if we mean what we say, whilst we fondly attempt to cure
the scurvy by hot liquors, may we not die of weak nerves? I ap-
peal to the memory and experience of every thinking person in this
island, if they ever heard of any period, in which paralitic disor-
ders, and those called nervous, prevailed so much as at this time.
If such were not so prevalent when tea was not in use; and if these
prevail most among people who constantly drink tea, may we not
reasonably impute the misfortune, in a great measure to this drug?

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We see, very clearly that many constitutions are so affected by tea,
that it occasions instantaneous tremblings of the hands, as well as
cholics and low spirits; and how must it disorder the finer parts of
the frame, when there is such a visible effect..

I believe no body disputes that hot water relaxes, but every one
is not aware that such relaxation rather confirms a scorbutic habit
than cures it. If the powers of nature by which our food is di-
gested, are weakened, will it not occasion an obstruction of the
main springs on which the regular motion of the whole machine
depends?

To what can we ascribe the numerous complaints which prevail?
How many sweet creatures of your sex, languish with a weak dige-
stion, low spirits, lassitudes, melancholy, and twenty disorders,
which in spite of the faculty have yet no names, except the gene-
ral one of nervous complaints? Let them change their diet, and
among other articles leave off drinking tea, it is more than probable
the greatest part of them will be restored to health.

Liquids drank hot, or even warm, especially in the evening, or
near the time of rest, will in some constitutions, put the animal
spirits into such an agitation as to prevent sleep. There is likewise
a quality in the tea which prevents rest: at least to such as are not
habituated to it, and some never can accommodate their constitu-
tions to such usage. Agreeable to this experience, it is recommend-
ed to persons who are under a necessity of watching.

The reverend doctor Hales, who is well known in the learned
world, and no less distinguished for his great humanity and concern
for the welfare of mankind, has given me the account of an expe-
riment which he tried with regard to the subject in question, as
follows. “I put the thickest end of a small sucking pig’s tail into
”a cup of green tea, when the heat of it, by Farenheit’s mercurial
”Thermometer was 114 degrees above the freezing point, that is,
”50 degrees hotter than the human blood, which is 64 degrees.
”At this degree of heat the warmed tea is often drank, and yet
”it scalded the skin so much, that in less than a minute the hair
slipt off easily.”

Then cutting the scalded part of the tail, which was about
”an inch long, I put the same unscalded end of the tail into the
”same tea when its heat was 94 degrees, or 30 degrees hotter than
”our blood, viz. about half the heat of boiling water, which is 180
“degrees. Few people drink their tea cooler than the degree of
”heat just mentioned 30 degrees hotter than our blood, and yet
”this also scalded the skin in a minute, insomuch that the hair
”came off easily. From such experiments there is the utmost
”reason to suspect that the frequent daily drinking of such hot li-
quor is hurtful, in which physicians generally agree in opinion.”

I am not sure that this experiment of the pig’s tail had any al-
lusion to human flesh, or the hair of it to the coats of the stomach;
but it seems to teach us that we depart from nature when we use
hot liquors. Hot water gives a much quicker sensation than when
it is only warm, and many are not contented unless the tea be as
hot as they can well bear it.

Hot water is also very hurtful to the teeth. The Chinese do not
drink their tea so hot as we do, and yet they have bad teeth. This
cannot be ascribed entirely to sugar, for they use very little, as al-
ready observed: but we know that hot or cold things which
pain the teeth, destroy them also. If we drank less tea, and used
gentle acids for the gums and teeth, particularly four oranges,
though we had a less number of French dentists, I fancy this essen-
tial part of beauty would be much better preserved.

The women in the united provinces who sip tea from morning
till night, are also as remarkable for bad teeth. They also look
pallid, and many are troubled with certain feminine disorders a-
rising from a relaxed habit. The Portuguese ladies, on the other
hand, entertain with sweet-meats, and yet they have very good
teeth: but their food in general is more of the farinaceous and ve-
getable kind than outs. They also drink cold water instead of sip-
ping hot, and never take any fermented liquors; for these reasons
the use of sugar, does not seem to be at all pernicious to them.

Much sugar taken in any shape is hurtful to young persons, par-
ticularly to such as drink wine and malt liquors. After a plentiful
deal of various foods, the use of it in tea, its apt to create unnatu-
ral fermentations; and its salts I believe often produce the scurvy
as well as inflammatory disorders; yet adults, or those who chiefly
drink cold water, may venture on it freely. If properly used I
take it to be an excellent pectoral, and with regard to its effects on
the constitution, will answer all the purposes of wine, spices, and
rich fruits, whilst by means of its spirit a less quantity of animal
food is necessary: thus it becomes productive of good or evil, as it
is used with or without judgement and experience but I shall say
more of sugar hereafter. Farewel.

From the PENNSYLVANIA PACKET.
The following is an Extract from the Minutes of the
CONGRESS, now sitting at PHILADELPHIA.

By Order of the CONGRESS,

CHARLES THOMPSON, Secretary.

IN CONGRESS, Saturday Sept. 17, 1774.

THE resolutions entered into by the delegates from the several
towns and districts in the county of Suffolk, in the pro-
vince of Massachusetts Bay, on Tuesday the 6th instant, and their
address to his Excellency Governor Gage, dated the 9th instant,
were laid before the Congress and are as follows.

At a meeting of the Delegates of every town and district in the
county of Suffolk on Tuesday the 6th of September, at the house
of Mr. Richard Woodward of Dedham, and by adjournment at
the house of Mr. _____Vose of Milton, on Friday the ninth
instant. Joseph Palmer, Esq; being chosen Moderator and
William Thompson, Esq; clerk, a committee was chosen to
bring in a report to the convention, and the following being se-
veral times read, and put paragraph by paragraph, was unanni-
mously voted, viz.

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WHEREAS the power but not the justice, the vengeance
but not the wisdom of Great-Britain, which of old perse-
cuted, scourged and excited our fugitive parents from their native
shores, now pursues us their guiltless children with unrelenting se-
verity: And whereas, this then savage and uncultivated desart was
purchased by the toil and treasure, or acquired by the blood and
valour of those our venerable progenitors, to us they bequeathed
the dear bought inheritance, to our care and protection they con-
signed it, and the most sacred obligations are upon us to transmit
the glorious purchase, unfettered by power, unclogged with
shackles, to our innocent and beloved offspring. On the fortitude,
on the wisidom and on the exertions of this important day is su-
spended the fate of this new world and of unborn millions. If a
boundless extent of continent swarming with millions will tamely
submit to live, move and have their being at the arbitrary will of a
licentious minister, they safely yield to voluntary slavery, and fu-
ture generations shall load their memories with incessant execrations.
On the other hand, if we arrest the hand which would ransack our
pockets, if we disarm the parricide which points the dagger to our
bosoms, if we nobly defeat that fatal edict which proclaims a power
to frame laws for us in all cases whatsoever, thereby entailing the
endless heirs, and their heirs for ever; if we successfully resist that
unparalleled usurpation of unconstitutional power, whether our ca-
pital is robbed of the means of life; whereby the streets of Boston
are thronged with military executioners, whereby our coasts are
lined and harbours crowned with ships of wart; whereby the char-
ter of the colony, that sacred barrier against the encroachments of
tyranny is mutilated and in effect annihilated; whereby a murderous
law is framed to shelter villains from the hand of justice; whereby
that unalienable and inestimable inheritance which we derived from
nature, the constitution of Britain, and the privilege warranted to
us in the charter of the province, is totally wrecked, annulled and
vacated: posterity will acknowledge that virtue which preserved
them free and happy; and while we enjoy the rewards and bless-
ings of the faithful, the torrent of panegyrists will roll our reputa-
tions to the latest period, when the streams of time shall be absorbed
in the abyss of eternity------Therefore we have resolved and do
resolve.

1. That whereas his Majesty George the third is the rightful suc-
cessor to the throne of Great Britain, and justly entitled to the al-
legiance fo the British realm, and agreeable to compact, of the
English colonies in American------therefore, we the heirs and suc-
cessors of the first planters of this colony do chearyfully acknowledge
the said George the third to be our rightful Sovereign, and that
said covenant is the tenure and claim on which are founded our
allegiance and submission.

2. That it is an indispensable duty which we ow to GOD, our
country, ourselves and posterity, by all lawful ways and means in
our power to maintain, defend and preserve their civil and religious
rights and liberties, for which many of our fathers fought, bled and
died, and to hand them down entire to future generations.

3. That the late act of British Parliament for blocking up the
harbour of Boston, for altering the established form of government
in this colony, and for screening the most flagitious violators of the
laws of the province from a legal trial, are gross infractions of those
rights to which we are justly entitled by the laws of nature, the
British constitution, and the charter of the province.

4. That no obedience is due from that province to either or any
part of the acts abovementioned, but that they be rejected as the
attempts of a wicked administration to enslave America.

5. That so long as the Justices of our Superior Court of Judica-
ture,Court of Assiz,&amp.c. and Inferior Court of Common Pleas in
this country are appointed, or hold their places, by any other tenure
than that which the charter and the laws of the province decree;
they must be considered as under undue influence, and are therefore
unconstitutional officers, and as such no regard ought to be paid to
them by the people of this country.

6. That if the Justices of the Superior Court of Judicature,
Assize, &c. Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, or of the
General Sessions of the Peace, shall sit and act during their present
disqualified state, this county will support and bear harmless all
Sherriffs and their deputies, Constables, Jurors and other officers,
who shall refuse to carry into execution the orders of said Court;
and, as far as possible to prevent the many inconveniences which
must be occasioned by a suspension of the Courts of Justice, we do
most earnestly recommend it to all creditors that they shew all rea-
sonable and even generous forbearance to their debtors, and all
debtors, to pay their just debts with all possible speed, and if any
disputes relative to debts or trespasses shall arise which cannot be set-
tled by the parties, we recommend it to them to submit all such
causes to arbitration, and it is our opinion that the contending
parties or either of them who shall refuse so to do, ought to be con-
sidered as co-operating with the enemies of this country.

7. That it be recommended to the collectors of taxes, constables
and all other officers who have put the monies in their hands to retain
the same and not to make any payment thereof to the provincial
county treasurer until the civil government of the province is placed
upon a constitutional foundation, or until it shall otherwise be or-
dered by the proposed provincial Congress.

8. That the persons who have accepted seats at the Council
Board, by virtue of a mandamus from the King, in conformity to the
late act of the British Parliament, entitled an act for the regulating
the government of the Massachusetts-Bay, have acted in direct vio-
lation of the duty they owe to their country, and have thereby
given great and just offense to this people, therefore resolved, that
this county do recommend it to all persons who have so highly offen-
ded, by accepting said departments, and have not already publickly
resigned their seats at the Council-Board, on or before the 20th day of this
instant, September; and that all persons refusing so to do, shall from
and after said day, be considered by this county as obstinate and
incorrigible enemies to this country.

9. That the information begun and now carrying on upon
Boston Neck, are justly alarming to this county, and give us reason
to apprehend some hostile intention against that town, more espe-
cially as the Commander in Chief has in a very extraordinary man-
ner removed the powder form the magazine at Charlestown, and

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has also forbidden the keeper of the magazine at Boston, to deliver
out to the owners the powder which they had lodged in said magazine.

10. That the late act of Parliament for establishing the Roman
Catholic Religion and the French laws in that extensive country
now called Canada, is dangerous in an extreme degree to the pro-
testant religion and to the civil rights and liberties of all America;
and therefore as men and protestant Christians, we are indispensab-
ly obliged to take all proper measures for our security.

11. That whereas our enemies have flattered themselves that
they shall make an easy prey of this numerous, brave and hardy
people, from an apprehension that they are unacquainted with mi-
litary discipline we therefore for the honour, defence and security
of this county and province advise, as it has been recommended to
take away all commissions from the officers of the militia, that
those who now hold commissions, or such other persons be elected
in each town as officers in the militia, as shall be judged of sufficient
capacity for that purpose, and who have evidenced themselves the
inflexible friends to the rights of the people; and that the inhabi-
tants of those towns and districts who are qualified, do use their ut-
most diligence to acquaint themselves with the art of war as soon
as possible, and do for that purpose appear under arms at least
once every week.

12. That during the present hostile appearances on the part of
Great-Britain, notwithstanding the many insults and oppressions
which we most sensibly resent, yet, nevertheless, from our affection
to his Majesty, which we have at all times evidenced, we are de-
termined to act merely upon the defensive, , so long as such conduct
may be vindicated by reason and the principles of self-preservation
but no longer.

13. That as we understand it has been in contemplation to ap_
prehend sundry persons of this county, who have rendered them-
selves conspicuous in contending for the violated rights and liner-
ties of their countrymen, we do recommend should such an auda-
cious measure be put in practice, to seize and keep in safe custody,
every servant of the present tyrannical and unconstitutional govern-
ment throughout the county and province, until the persons so ap-
prehended be liberated from the hands of our adversaries, and re-
stored safe and uninjured to their respective friends and families.

14. That until our rights are fully restored to us, we will to the
utmost of our power, and recommend the same to the other coun-
ties, withhold all commercial intercourse with Great-Britain, Ire-
land and the West-Indies, and abstain from the consumption of
British merchandise and manufactures, and especially of East-Indi
Teas and piece goods, with such additions, alterations and excep-
tions only, as the Grand Congress of the colonies may agree to.

15. That under our present circumstances it is incumbent on us
to encourage arts and manufactures among us by all means in our
power, and that
be and hereby are appointed a Committee to consider of the best
ways and means to promote and establish the same, and to report
to this convention as soon as may be.

16. That the exigencies of our public affairs demand that a pro-
vincial Congress be called to concert such measures as may be adop-
ted, and vigorously executed by the whole people; and we do re-
commend it to the several towns in this county, to chuse members
for such a provincial Congress, to be holden at Concord on the se-
cond Tuesday of October next ensuing.

17. That this county confiding in the wisdom and integrity of
the continental Congress, now sitting at Philadelphia, pay all due
respect and submission to such measures as may be recommended by
them to the colonies, for the restoration and establishment of our
just rights, civil and religious, and for renewing that harmony and
union between Great-Britain and the colonies so earnestly wished
for by all good men.

18. That whereas the universal uneasiness which prevails among
all orders of men, arising from the wicked and oppressive measures
of the present administration, may influence some unthinking per-
sons to commit outrages upon private property; we would heartily
recommend to all persons of this community not to engage in any
routs, riots, or licentious attacks upon the properties of any person
whatsoever, as being subversive of all order and government; but
by a steady, manly, uniform and persevering opposition to convince
our enemies that in a contest so important, in a cause so solemn,
our conduct shall be such as to merit the approbation of the wise,
and the admiration of the brave and free of every age and of every
country.

19. That should our enemies by any sudden maneuver, render
it necessary to ask the aid and assistance of our brethren in the coun-
try, some one of the Committee of Correspondence or a select
man of such town or the town adjoining, where such hostilities shall
commence, or shall be expected to commence, shall dispatch couri-
ers with written messages to the select men or Committees of Cor-
respondence of the several towns in the vicinity with a written ac-
count of such matter, who shall dispatch others to Committees more
remote, until proper and sufficient assistance be obtained; and that
the expense of said couriers be defrayed by the county, until it shall
be otherwise ordered by the provincial Congress.

Constantinople, June 3. It is reported that a revolt has hap
pened in the army, which has cost the Aga of the Janissaries and
his Lieutenant their lives.

LEGHORN, June 15. By several ships from Corsica we have re-
ceived advice, that on the 30th inst. ut. There had been an action in the
Pieve of Niolo between the Banditti of Corsica and a provincial re
giment in the service of France, in which the latter lost M. Gassort
their Colonel, and several other officers; and the Corsicans had after-
wards defeated another body of the French at Campoloro.

ANCONA, June 16. They write from Ragusa, that the Pacha of
Scutari having assembled 30,000 men, had attacked the Monte-
negrins in their own country; but that the latter received him
so vigorously that he was repulsed and beaten, and with much dif-
ficulty escaped with part of his troops to Scutari.

HANOVER, July 10. General Conway arrived here a few days a-
go, and after holding several conferences with the Ministers of this
Electorate, set out for Berlin, and from thence for Vienna. This
journey occasions a number of conjectures; some persons pretend
that it has relation to the affair of Dantzic.

LONDON, July 19.

Yesterday there was a Levee at St. James.

On Thursday evening Capt. Fonarteau (who sailed with Captain
Cook two years since to make discoveries in the South Seas) arrived
in town from Portsmouth; and it is said he has brought over a na-
tive of one of the new discovered Islands, who will in a short time
be taken to St. James for his Majesty to view.

The order which was lately given for seizing all vessels within
thirty leagues of New-England, New-York, Philadelphia, and Ha-
lifax, which had not proper debentures of their Cargo, has given
great offense to the Dutch, who have made it known to our court
by the Count Weldegren’s application to Lord North on the subject
thereof, who replied, “that his Majesty was firmly resolved to sup-
port his prerogative as well in America and the East and West-In-
dies, as in Eurpoe.” This message they Mynheers have to comment
upon.

When the last pacquet left Amsterdam, there was a report, that
the Dutch Admiral, Van Reyter, in the East-Indies, had taken
two French sloops of war, and carried them into Batavia, for as-
saulting and firing on the crew of the Princess of Orange, a Dutch
East-Indiaman, at the mouth of Bengal River, in September last;
that the complaint was made to the French commanding-Officer,
but he delaying to give satisfaction, the Dutch officer went after
and took them, till ample recompence obtained.

Letters from Madrid give an account, that Prince Masserano is
now considered there no longer a favourite to the King, as his

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very seldom consulted on affairs of state; which has given great
pleasure to many of the grandees, who look upon him with a jea-
lous eye. The letters farther add, that he was always against break-
ing with England; that it was now looked upon, that in a few
weeks a war will break out between those two powers. The letters
also add, that the French ambassador has been the principal cause
of the King’s late coolness to the Prince.

The City of London, it is said, have it now under consideration
to allow the Dukes of Gloucester and Cumberland a handsome sum
yearly during their lives, if they will deign to accept it, as a small
reward for their princely conduct.

Our correspondent at Dantzick has sent us the following memo-
rial, which the Russian Minister Plenipotentiary, Count Golowkin,
sent to a deputation of the magistrates there, previous to his leav-
ing the city:

”My Imperial Mistress cannot, without the highest offense to
her dignity, forbear the conduct of this city, which so obstinately
avoids coming to an agreement with the Court of Berlin; and in-
deed, the city should long ago have been left to that fate which the she
so well deserved, by her indecent conduct, and by her ingratitude
even against those powers to whom she owes her prosperity, who
always protected her, and who even now interest themselves in her
affairs.

”Her Imperial Majesty the Empress of Russia, finds herself by
no means obliged to convince this city of her blindness and errors
into which she is plunged by the wretched views of some evil coun-
cils, and who still strive to keep her in that blindness; it is suffici-
ent when I say, that this city is totally mistaken in her hopes to
make a figure of great importance in the world, under favouring a
misunderstanding which she thinks to create among the great states
of Europe in her behalf; and that this is totally deceived in expec-
tation of finding the least shelter and protection, after the false and
dangerous step she now takes, by not accepting the fair and equi-
table offers which are made to her.

”I speak now for the last time to the Dantzickers, and once
more endeavour to conquer their blind and strong-headed notions;
to which end I do now declare, that the resolution of my Court in
this respect is by no means likely to undergo the least change; I
therefore repeat, and [creased, illegible] do for the last time!) propose a reconcilia-
tion according to the just and equitable principles of my Imperial
Mistress as mediator.

The Empress has well and maturely considered the division of
interests between the King of Prussia her allied confederate, and a
city which she protects, in order to bestow the justice due to each
party; and found that the canal, or hornwater in question, is dig-
ged in the ground which indisputably belongs to the Abbey of Oli-
via; which fact the contract between the city of Dantzick, and
the Abbey of Olivia, sufficiently and emphatically expresses, and
which no deduction of truth ever possibly can misrepresent; the
King of Prussia now being the undisputed master or Oliva, and
consequently of that canal.

”It is allowed the city was at an enormous expence in digging
that canal; but it is the right they can claim from the expences
equal to the undoubted right of property which the King of Prussia
has to the ground in which it is cut: Or, is it not sufficient, if an
equitable compensation is made to the city for their expences?
And if the King of Prussia generously acknowledges a right which
derives from the expences the city was at, in digging a canal in his
territory, should not the right of property with mere justice be ac-
knowledged by the city?

”Upon that foundation are the disputes between the King of
Prussia and this city grounded; let the world know it and judge;
the former has an undoubted right of property, and the latter
claims a right for the expences they had upon that property which
is not their own; the former generously condescends to make a due
and proper compensation for it, and to grant to the city an equal
use of the port and Fubrwasser; and the latter most absurdly refuse
to condescend even to the right deriving from the undoubted law of
property.---Whose conduct is now blamable, but which is lau-
able?

But as the city, to her own destruction, continues to remain in
obstinacy, I do declare herewith that my commission is at an end, as
my Imperial Mistress gives up the protection hitherto granted to
this city, leaves her to her own defence, and will hear nothing
more of her affairs.

June 25, 1774. (Signed)

COUNT IWAN GALLOWKIN,”

It is strongly reported in this City that the French have made
great encroachment on the fishery at Newfoundland, and that
one of our men of war stationed there fired upon three of their
vessels, killed and wounded several of their hands, and disabled
two of their ships, and that the French commander there has sent
an account of this transaction to Paris; from which it is imagined
that the fleet stationed there to protect the fishery will want a re-
inforcement of ships.

July 28. His Majesty has been pleased to appoint Capt. Edward
Foy, of the Royal regiment of artillery, to be Lieutenant Gover-
nor of New-Hampshire.

July 29. Yesterday an express arrived at the Secretary of State’s
office, in Cleveland row, with some interesting dispatches from the
Porte: He was immediately conducted from thence by a messenger
to the Earls of Rochford and Suffolk, who were then in conference
with his Majesty at St. James.

Advices from the East-Indies gives a very unprosperous account of
the Company’s affairs. As Hyder Ally is again in arms, and de-
stroying a number of States on the Malabar coast, and the {illegible, creased]
rratoes wasting the Provinces to the North and West, all external
commerce, but that to Europe, must totally cease, and throw the
ballance of trade so much against the Company, as to make it in a
little time too ruinous to support.

Extract of a letter from Petersburgh, June 17.

”The late victories which have been obtained over the rebels of
Jaick have not been so decisive as report has made them; and since
the death of General Bibikow, the rebel chief Pgatischeffe has re-
covered great strength, fortified several places, and has gained over
to his party great numbers of Tartars. It was generally thought
that, at his last defeat, when he was obliged to fly to the woods
for shelter, that he would never appear again in an active manner;
but such an opinion has proved to be false. All the time it was
imagined that he lay buried in fears and obscurity, he was busied
in forming connections with the Tartar chiefs, &c. to support his
cause; and it is strongly suspected that he has found means to make
some propositions to the Ottoman Porte, and some movements of
that part of the Turkish empire most contiguous to the seat of the
rebellion give great credit to such a suspicion. The reports which
have been circulated here of all the rebel forces being overcome,
and Pugatscheffe being himself taken, originated entirely from the
court, and are, evidently intended to serve certain purposes; yet
however sain the Russian ministry may seem to carry matters exter-
nally, nothing is more certain than that the greatest perplexity now
exists. Pugaticheffe’s rebellion still formidable, the rebellion in the
Crimea still existing, little advantages gained in the Turkish, and
the Imperial treasuries very near exhausted; added to these, the
most violent oppositions reigns in the Imperial councils, where the
most prevalent opinion is, that the war cannot, or ought not with
any propriety, be carried on any farther: by the proposition of
peace made by the Sublime Port, should be accepted and compli-
ed with. Count Panin whose abilities and integrity are well known
and reverenced, and who was dismissed some time since from his
employ, and from court, (for holding an opinion, and strongly
urging it that the continuance of the war with the Turks was
impolitic, and against the true interest of the Russian empire) is
now recalled, and will very soon take again a supreme part in Ad-
ministration. The Grand Duke and his Dutchess, we hear, intend
paying a visit to the court of Vienna.”

Column3

SALEM, September 9.

Last Tuesday arrived here the ship Julius Casar, Charles Sea,
master, from London, having on board 30 chests and three half
chests of tea, the property of one Montgomery, of London, con-
signed to Messieurs Smith and Atkinson, Merchants, in Boston,
who were equally surprised and offended at the consignment, it be-
ing entirely unknown to them before the ship’s arrival; and they so-
lemnly declare, that Mr. Montgomery, previous to this consign-
ment, never had any intercourse or commercial correspondence with
either of them. As soon as the committee of Correspondence here
had made discovery of the tea, the master sent an express to Messrs.
Smith and Atkinson; and the next morning Mr. Smith came to
town, and frankly declared that the tea should not be landed, nor
any duty paid on it here, if he could possibly prevent its being done.
On Tuesday and Wednesday night the committee set guards in the
ship.

On Tuesday Messrs. Smith and Atkinson procured a vessel to
take the tea on board and carry it to Halifax. And this morning
at day-light, the tea was taken out, and put on board the vessel
procured to receive it, in presence of the guard; who having taken
the marks and numbers of the chests, found them to agree with
the bill of lading and cocket. By seven o’clock the vessel with the
tea on board got under sail, and before ten was out of the harbour
with a fair wind.

Messrs. Smith and Atkinson, in the whole affair behaved like
men of honour, and entirely to the satisfaction of the committee,
having used their utmost endeavours to dispose of the tea in a man-
ner the least exceptionable.

BOSTON, September 12.
On Friday last the Selectmen of Boston, waited on his Excellency
General Gage, with the following address:

THE Selectmen of Boston, at the earnest desire of a Number
of Gentlemen of the town and Country, again wait on your
Excellency to acquaint you, that since our late Application, the
Apprehensions of the people, not only of this but of the neigh-
bouring Towns are greatly encreased by observing the designs of e-
recting a Fortress at the entrance of the Town; and of reducing
this metropolis in other respects, to the state of a Garrison. This
with Complaints lately made of Abuse from some of the Guards,
posted in that Quarter, assaulting and forcibly detaining several
Persons, who were peaceably passing in and out of the town, may
discourage the market People from coming in with their provisions
as usual, and oblige the inhabitants to abandon the town. This e-
vent we greatly deprecate, as it will produce miseries which may
hurry the Province into acts of Desperation. We should therefore
think ourselves happy if we could satisfy the People that your Excel-
lency would suspend your present Design, and not to add to the
distress of the inhabitants occasioned by the Port-Bill, that of
garrisoning the Town.

JOHN SCOLLAY, Chairman of the Committee.
To which his Excellency was pleased to return the following Ans-
wer:

Gentlemen,

WHEN you lately applied to me respecting my ordering some
cannon to be placed at the entrance of this town, which
you term the erecting a Fortress, I so fully expressed my sentiments,
that I thought you were satisfied the People had nothing to fear
from that measure; as no use could be made thereof, unless their
hostile Proceedings should make it necessary; but as you have this
Day acquainted me that their Fears are rather increased, I have
thought proper to assure you that I have no Intention to prevent
the free egress and regress of any Person to and from the Town or
reducing it to the state of a garrison, neither shall I suffer any un-
der my Command to injure the Person or Property of any of his
Majesty’s Subjects. But as it is my duty, so it shall be my Endea-
vour to preserve the Peace, and promote the happiness of every In-
dividual. And I earnestly recommend to you, and every Inhabi-
tant to cultivate the same spirit; and I heartily wish they may live
quietly and happily in the Town.

THOS. GAGE.

Boston, Sep. 9th, 1774.
To the Gentlemen Selectmen of the Town of Boston.

The Hon. Jeremian Powell, Esq; has refused to take the Oath
requisite to qualify him for a Seat at the Council board.

Saturday came to Town from Salem, his Majesty’s 59th Regi-
ment; who are now encamped on the neck at the entrance of this
Town.

Wednesday arrived the Diligence armed Schooner from London,
but late from Halifax.

The same Day Capt. Perkins, arrived at Salem, from Baltimore,
with 3000 Bushels of Grain, &c. for the industrious Poor of this
Town.

Last Saturday se’nnight, a great number of Persons, belonging to
the Town of Cambridge, waited on Mr. Ebenezer Bradish, jun.
Attorney at law, with the following declaration, drawn up and
presented him by Dr. Watson, of that Town, viz.

”Mr. Bradish’s declaration----Whereas I have signed an ad-
dress to Governor Hutchinson, which I now find disagreeable to
my countrymen, and I now am sorry for it, and I now am willing
to make this public recantation—I do now solemnly declare, that
I have not at any time taken any commission under the late acts of
Parliament for altering the form of government, in the Province of
Massachusetts-Bay, and that I will not at any time hereafter accept,
of any, and that I will not act in any shape under the aforesaid
acts: and I also declare that I will see this declaration printed in
the public newspapers, and that I will do all in my power for the
good of the Province.” EBEN BRADISH, Jun.
To the Committee of Mechanics of the City of
NEW-YORK.

Boston, 8th Sep, 1774.

Gentlemen,

GENERAL GAGE being determined to cut off the Com-
munications fo this Town with the Country, by fortifying
the sole Pass between them by land, has applied to several trades-
men in this town, and found none base enough to engage in so
villainous an enterprize: And it is now said, he intends to apply
to New York for Workmen, to complete his designs; our trades-
men therefore, apprehending that your zeal for the common safety
is not less to be depended upon than their own, requests us to
give you the earliest intimation of the matter, that you might take
your measures accordingly.

We cannot entertain a doubt, but the tradesmen of New-York
will treat an application of this kind, as it deserves. The subject
is of the last importance; and for any one part of America to shew
a readiness to comply with measures, destructive of any other part,
will inevitably destroy that confidence so necessary to the common
salvation.

We are, Gentlemen, your Friends
and Fellow Countrymen.
By order of the Committee,
John Warren, Chairman.

Upon which it was unanimously resolved, that the thanks of this
Committee be returned to those worthy Mechanics (of this City)
who have declined to aid or assist in the Erection of Fortifications
on Boston Neck, which, when completed, would probably be im-
proved, to spill the blood of their Fellow Subjects, in the Massa-
chusetts-Bay, cut off the Communications with the Country, where-
by the Soldiery might be enabled to inflict on that Town all the
Distresses of Famine, and reduce those brave and loyal People to
Terms, degrading to human Nature, repugnant to Christianity,
and which, perhaps might prove destructive of British and Ameri
can Liberty.

Page 3
Column 1

PHILADELPHIA Sep. 19

On Friday last the Honourable Delegates, now met in general
Congress, were elegantly entertained by the gentlemen of this city.
Having met at the city tavern about 3 o’clock, they were conduc
ted from thence to the State House by the Managers of the enter-
tainment, where they were received by a very large company com-
posed of the Clergy, such genteel strangers as happened to be in
town, and a number of respectable citizens, making in the whole
near 5000.---After dinner the following toasts were drank accom-
panied by music and a discharge of cannon.
1 The KING.
2 The QUEEN.
3 The Duke of Gloucester.
4 The Prince of Wales and Royal Family.
5 Perpetual Union to the Colonies.
6 May the Colonies faithfully execute what the Congress shall wise
ly Resolve.
7 The much injured town of Boston, and province of Massachusetts
-Bay.
8 May Great-Britain be Just, and American free.
9 No unconstitutional standing Armies.
10 May the Cloud which hangs over Great-Britain and the Colo-
nies, burst only on the heads of the present Ministry.
11 May every American, hand down to posterity pure and un-
tainted the Liberty he has derived from his Ancestors.
12 May no man enjoy Freedom, who has not Spirit to defend it.
13 May the persecuted Genius of Liberty find a lasting asylum in
America.
14 May British Swords never be drawn in defence of tyranny.
15. The Arts and Manufactures of America.
16 Confusion to the Authors of the Canada Bill.
17 The Liberty of the Press.
18 A Happy Reconcilliation between Great-Britain and her Colo-
nies, on a constitutional Ground.
19 The virtuous Few in both Houses of Parliament.
20 The City of London.
21 Lord Chatham.
22 Lord Camden.
Bishop of St. Asaph.
24 Duke of Richmond.
25 Sir George Saville.
26 Mr. Burke.
General Conway.
28 Mr. Dunning.
Mr. Sawbridge.
30. Dr. Franklin.
Mr. Dulany.

On Friday last came up his Majesty’s ship Swan, Capt. Askew,
and the Schooner Hope, Lieutenant Douglass, and brought
in the
ship Charming Sally. Capt. Hodge from the Isle of Sky, which he
took in tow, 5 leagues W. by N. of the Capes, Capt. Hodge,
spoke the following vessels, viz. on the 6th ult. In lat. 40, long. 62,
the sloop William, Capt. Coffin, from Boston for Plymouth in New-
England: On the 18th, in lat. 30: 30, long. 65, Capt. Cowan,
from New-York for London, out 10 days all well, the same day he
passed by a schooner, loaded with lumber, with a red stern, full of
water, with her masts standing, rigging and sails gone, and not a
soul on board: on the 19th, in lat. 30:22, long. 69, spoke the ship
Nancy, Capt. Waterman, from Virginia for London, out 12 days:
On the 21st. in lat. 39: 56: 30, spoke Capt. Leitch, in
in the shop Minerva, from Virginia for Glasgow, out 7 days; On
the 23d. in lat. 30:58 long, 70, spoke Capt. Ritchie from Glasgow
for Virginia, out 6 weeks, all well; and on the 6th inst. In lat. 37:
54, long. 74: 40, spoke Capt. Cook, in a sloop from Salem for
North-Carolina, out 3 days.

In CONGRESS, Thursday, September 22, 1774.
Resolved,

THAT the Congress request the Merchants and Others, in the
several Colonies, not to send to Great Britain any Orders for
Goods and to direct the execution of all Orders already sent, to be
delayed, or suspended, until the sense of the Congress, on the means
to be taken for the preservation of the Liberties of America, is made
public.

An Extract from the Minutes,
CHARLES THOMPSON, Sec’ry.

HAMPTON, September 29, 1774.

INWARD ENTRY.

Sloop Speedwell, John Ardis from Antigua and Hispanola;
with Rum, Sugar, and Molasses.

Ship Catherine, James Patrick from Port Lewis, on Delaware;
with 7000 Bushels of Salt.

Schooner Minerva, Daniel Kehoe from Monserrat; with Rum
and Sugar.

Ship Elizabeth, Alexander Leitch from London; with Euro-
pean Goods; per seventeen Cockets.

CLEARED OUTWARD.

Brig Mary, William Leayeraft for Antigua, with Corn, Bread,
Flour, Pease and Shingles.

Sloop Polly, Jacob Fox for New-York; with Hemp, Flour,
Staves, and Sugar.

Sloop Porgey, Jeremiah Baffett for Barbados; with Corn, and
Staves.

Sloop Sally, Nicholas Albony for Antigua, with Corn, Staves,
and Shingles.

Brig Lord Dunmore, John Baker for Nevis; with Corn, Pease,
Staves and Flour.

Sloop Polly, Hillary Mordey for Barbados; with Corn and
and Shingles.

Schooner Lively, Walter Gwyn for Maryland; with sundry
Packages of British dry Goods.

Brig Betsey and Molly, Thomas Calvery for Barbados; with
Corn, Pease, Beef and pork, Flour, Hams, Soap, Candles, Staves
2nd Heading, Shingles, Plank, Scantling, and Tobacco.

Brig Douglass, Francis Russel for Jamaica; with Staves, Plant,
Shingles and Scantling.

NORFOLK, October 6.
For the information of the Inhabitants of this luxuriant and exten-
Colony; the following relation of a number of Sheep having
been Lost, by inattention; requires notice, as a proper Breed of
Sheep for Wool, as well as Food, is eagerly wished for by every
person who has the welfare of his Country at heart. AMICUS.

A FEW days since a considerable loss was sustained by a famer
at Westmead, a village in Cornwall, occasioned by washing
and clipping a flock of about 300 sheep, and then turning them
into a large pasture; the evening being cold, and the wind in the
North, brought on a sharp frost, so that in the morning near 200
of sheep were found dead, and the rest seized with violent colds and
numbness in their limbs.
By a late act of the British Parliament, the following Duties are to
take Place at Quebec the 5th of April, 1775.

For every Gallon of Brandy, or other Spirits of the manufacture
of Great-Britain, 6d. per Gallon.

Rum or Spirits form the Colonies, 9d. per Gallon.

Column 2

Foreign Spirits from Great-Britain, 1s. per Gallon.

Rum or Spirits the produce or any Colony, not under the Domi-
nion of Greqat-Britain, 1s. per Gallon.

Molasses imported in Ships belonging to Great-Britain, or the
Provinces of Quebec, 3d.

Molasses imported in any other ships in which the same may be
legally imported, 9d.

NORTHAMPTON, September, 26 1774,

Mr. DUNCAN,

SIR,

THE CAUSE, which America in general is at present engaged
in, is of too important a Nature to be ridiculed, Burlesqued
or triffled with; it is, Sir, no less than Millions shall be free, or
bend beneath the most abject Yoke of Slavery. No man that
wishes well to his Country, his Liberty, or Property would hesitate
A moment what Steps to take on the present occasion. North-
America in general has adopted Such Measures, as under providence
promise fairest for setting the controversy between her and Great-
Britain in the Clearest point of View, and perhaps reducing things
to an Amicable Compromise. Considering then the matter in this
light, I cannot help viewing any attempt to weaken or throw any
Odium on the CAUSE, as highly reprehensible. A DISCOURSE OF
THREE OF THE MEMBERS AT THE CONGRESS inserted in your
GAZETTE of the 22 of September instant, seems to me to have
this tendency. If you did not design it as a piece of Ridicule, by
giving it a place in hour paper, you seem to approve of it: either
seems to be incompatible with the Views of a free Press in this
Country, and totally so with the Motto you prefix to your paper,
and, if I remember right, with the professions you Set out with.

It may be, Sir, perhaps in Some degree excusable in the Minions
of Power to throw Ridicule on A Measure, from the Subversion
of which they themselves might expect to promote their own Venal
Ends; but whether it may answer any purpose whatever to an
American Printer, who may be totally dependent on this Country
for A –Subsistence, who may perhaps expect to acquire a Settled
permanent property in this Country, and wish to transmit the
Same unincumbered and unclogged to his posterity, exempted from
every Arbitrary, Capricious, and Despotic taxation, I would Sub-
mit to Mr. DUNCAN himself, from his good Sense and discretion,
I would expect this Candid, this ingenuous Answer, “I confess I
”have been wrong, I did not Consider the matter in the light you
”represent it, I am now Convinced Such a Construction may be
”put on it, but as it was far from my intention to give any Um-
brage, any kind of Offense in the publishing of that DISCOURSE,
”I am extremely Sorry for giving it a place in my Paper, I shall
”endeavour to profit in future by your Admonition, and be more
”cautious about the merits and the tendency of what I insert.

A concession of this kind I am Convinced would apologize for
you, Sir, with many whom I know to be a good deal irritated by
the publication of that DISCOURSE, and unless you take Some Op-
portunity Similar to what is here recommended of attoning for
your inadvertency, many of your Sub—on this Shore are determin-
ed to withdraw their Subscriptions, and no longer encourage a man,
who would by Ridiculing the most MERITORIUS CAUSE, Sap the
Merits of IT, and endeavour to reduce IT to a Nullity.

Sir, I am one among others that have taken extraordinary of-
fence at the publication of that DISCOURSE, I think it injurious
to the Country I live in, and from the possibility of its reaching
the PIMPS of POWER, who, no doubt, would be glad to see the
CAUSE Ridiculed, which the Americans are so Strenuously enga-
ged in, would Construe your publishing of it, (unnoticed, or un-
censured by the Community you belong to) as the strongest pre-
sumption of the indifference of Virginia as to the MAIN CAUSE, I
therefore thought, I would do no unacceptable Service to you, by
giving you this Intimation, while I still maintained what I owe to
the Duty of VIRGINIUS, and the Rights, Interests and Privileges of
America, which I always Shall Support by every Method in my
power, and which I would not hesitate a Moment to die in De-
fence of.

In expectation that you will Seriously Consider, and if you shall
be of opinion that the Subject of this Letter deserves notice, or
produce any Conviction of the Impropriety Complained of, that
you may Correct any error inadvertence might have betrayed you
into, and by so doing obviate every possible objection that may be
thrown out against you for what I have mentioned, Or on any o-
ther Similar Occasion hereafter, I Conclude,

SIR,

Your humble Servant,

VIRGINIUS.

TO THE PUBLIC.

THE above Letter contains a charge, to which I cannot with
justice to the Business I profess, give my assent, or plead guilty;
as it animadverts on a dialogue in one of our late papers, which in the
strictest point of view contains nothing intentionally serious. Even a
wilful blunder will be forgiven from the merit of its cause? But
to exclaim against a man who has the welfare of his country, and
the colony he at present resides and wishes to continue in much
at heart? While he practices that plan of business which he as en-
deavoured to perform agreeable to his original plan? seems to him
very harsh.-----In some things I stand corrected and with sub-
mission kiss the rod, but can’t help reflecting on the hardship
that I as well as many of my brethren must bewail that time,
that unhappy season; when the liberty of the press is at an end.

A liberty deemed by the most discerning and sensible of mankind to
be the great barrier against innovations of despotism: through it every
man is at liberty to express his sentiments and inform his fellow
men; if such information does not amount to immediate personal
reflections of high treason.

’Tis a subject which has long exercised the heads and hands of
the ablest authors: the result of all was, that to deprive mankind
of that invaluable blessing, that inestimable privilege, would be an
inlet to an arbitrary system of government and pregnant with all
its consequent horrorsP

Is it possible for the Publisher of a periodical Paper to insert a
single piece, however well wrote, without being censured by one,
or being ridiculed by another?--- His business is to please so far as
he can.

The scheme of neutrality which I set out, has been inva-
riably pursued, and stedfastly adhered to; and will be persevered in.

I wish the country I live in as well as Virginius, and would exert
my weak talents as far for its interest; could my humble endea-
vours contribute to the service of my fellow citizens.

I am with the greatest Respect,

Your humble Servant.

WILLIAM DUNCAN.

THE subscribers have just imported by the Bland,
Captain Danby; and the Peter, Captain Lang:
An extensive assortment of European Goods, which
they sell on the lowest Terms, for Ready Money.---
We have also West-India RUM, and Muscovado
SUGAR, &c. for Sale.

LOGAN, GILMOUR, & Co.

Norfolk, October 5, 1774.

Column 3

WAS taken up in Norfolk County, a BULL unmarked, a
bout two Months ago: any person that can lay a just
Claim, may have the said Bull, upon paying as the Law directs
by applying to the Subscriber, near the Southern Branch, Norfolk
County. He is posted and appraised at One Pound, Six Shillings.

JOHN NASH.

RICMOND-TOWN, August 31, 1774.

RUN away from the subscriber last night, an indented, ser-
vant man, named DAVID ALEXUS, by trade a silver-
smith; about 5 feet 5 or 6 inches high; he is a small thin man,
of a fair complexion, has long black hair, which he generally
wears club’d or twisted: had on a mix’d forest cloth coat, an old
red waistcoat, and black velvet breeches; he is an artful cunning
fellow, and endeavours to pass as a soldier, deserted from one of the
regiments in Boston; he came in last sporing in the Brilliant, Capt.
Miller, from London to York-river. Any person that will ap-
prehend him, and secure him, so that I get him again, shall receive
THREE POUNDS Reward, besides what the law allows.

All masters of vessels, or others, are forewarn’d from taking
him off the Continent, at their peril.

WILLIAM RICHARDSON.

THE Subscribers have lately arrived from Philadelphia, and
have begun to carry on the Sail-Making Business in this
Place, they promise themselves encouragement, from their abilities
to execute any Business they may be entrusted with, on as low
terms as any in town. They can be recommended for diligence,
ability, probity and dispatch; by a Gentleman of a respectable
character.

THOMAS STEWART.

JOSEPH MOULDER.

N. B. We carry on the Business at a Loft on Mr. Jamieson’s
Wharf, and will be found there, or at Mr. Bryan’s, in Church-
Street.

NORFOLK, September 15, 1774.

FOR SALE,

THE SLOOP NONPAREIL, Burthen
3200 Bushels; Built for private Use, and of an
easy Draught of Water – Four Years Old, and well
fited. For Terms, apply to

NICHOLAS B. SEABROOK

Norfolk, September 14, 1774.

WANTED.

SEVERAL APPRENTICES for the Sea; about 14
or 15 years of Age: For Terms, apply to

ROBERT GILMOUR.

Norfolk, September 28, 1774.

TO be Sold at VENDUE on TUESDAY the 4th of OCTOBER,
by the Subscriber: The Sloop SPEEDWELL; burthen
3500 Bushels or thereabouts. Credit will be given the Purchaser
Six Months, on giving Bond, with approved Security.

GEORGE KELLY, V. M.

NORFOLK, Sep. 29, 1774.

York-Town, September 10, 1774.

PHILIP MILLS an indented servant, was sent to Mr. George
Kelly, at Norfolk, on Tuesday the 30th of August last, on
the Subscriber’s business, and is not yet returned: As he received
upwards of Seven Pounds on the Subscriber’s order, it is supposed
he is gone off with the money. He is a Cabinet-Maker by trade,
about 5 feet 5 or 6 inches high, round shouldered, has a large nose,
brown Hair. On the fore finger of his right-hand, is a large wart,
and on one of his hips, a small swelling about the size of a marble.
His clothing was a blue broad cloth coat, brown cloth vest, and
green cloth breeches. Whoever takes up the said servant within
10 miles of Norfolk, and secures him in Norfolk goal, shall receive
Forty Shillings, and Five Pound if at any greater distance. Who-
ever takes him up, is desired to secure what money he may have a-
bout him.

HENRY MANN.

The Subscriber having advertised several times, for those in-
debted to him, by Bon and open Accounts; to come and
settle, but no notice has ever been taken of it. I therefore, for the
last time, desire all persons indebted as above, not to fail coming,
sometime before the 16th instant; to settle with ROBERT FRY,
as he’s going to quit my business at the above time, and remove
from NORFOLK. I cannot possibly carry on my business any longer,
till I can collect money to pay my just debts; all persons failing
may depend, that I shall wait no longer, then the above time,
but shall take the disagreeable method, to have them collected by a
Lawyer, who will have orders to sue, as soon as courts are open.

WILLIAM SIMPSON.

NORFOLK, October 3, 1774.

THE directors of the Light House, are desired to
engage immediately with some person, to carry
a quantity of stones, from Cape Henry to the place
whereon the Light-House is to be fixed, about a mile
and a half distance.

BASSETT MOSELEY.

NORFOLK, October 4, 1774.

Wants Employment.

A Young Man who can be well recommended;
for diligence, honesty, and sobriety; able to
keep Store, or Books of any kind; will engage for One
or Two years.------Those wanting, may apply to
the Printer.

Norfolk, October 6, 1774.

THE Subscriber has for Sale, some exceeding good red Port
Wine in Casks; containing 6 dozen Bottles each; which he
will dispose of on very reasonable Terms, for Cash or on short
Credit.

WILLIAM CALDERHEAD.

Norfolk, October 4th, 1774.

Page 4
Column 1

POETRY.

THE PORTSMOUTH Races are begun<
From far and near the People come;
To see the nimble horses run.

Ne’er fear my Friends! You’ll get Places,
There’ll be rare fun, at those Races;
Thompsons, Tankards, and Lillo’s Stage,
Are ready for Ranks of every Age.

Mount up ye Fair, richly attir’d,
There, you’ll certainly be admir’d;
The Fair’s plac’d; rude Boreas rails,
It fawns aloft their dangling Tails.

The Ladies legs, from thence display’d,
The Wives, Widows, Mistress, and Maid,
We all was prepar’d for the Sight;
The best Fun Jack, was in the Night.

For either Miss, might have engage,
The Spark she chose of any Age;
Faith Jack they were sweet as Honey,
To the Lad, that gave them MONEY.

They’d give their loving Spark a hunch,
Dear Youth, go fetch us, Grog or Punch.
Bread, ham, and Cake is not amiss,
Your reward is, a gentle Kiss.

Bread, ham, and Cake does soon appear,
There’s to you Love, come drink my Dear;
n intervals between each Heat,
The Ladies often would retreat.

The long White Sacques you might behold,
Sweeping the Ground, like Fields of Old;
Backs from each Town, Borough and City,
Elate with Wine, appear quite witt’y.

A hoepfull sett of powder’d Beaus,
Throughout the Circle may be chose;
Alsop they cry hath Won each Heat,
D___n her, she has poor Pirate beat!

I’d have betted on her, By Gar,
But thought Pirate would beat a Mare;
Drinking, Swearing, Fighting, Bawling,
Knocking down, and Children squawling.

I ne’er beheld such a squabbling bout,
At any Place, but PORTSMOUTH Rout;
Ye Clowns, and Cits, gay Belles, and Beaus,
Take care don’t Incommode your Cloaths.

Why will ye, Bett high at this Race,
Ah, consider your Country’s Case;
Come rouse my Friends, think of her Woe,
Reserve your Cash, for them you Owe!

Live frugal, and get clear of Debts,
Defrauds not your Credit’rs, by Betts;
Prudence and form now’s laid a-side,
Pleasure is chosen for a Guide.

A wrangling, selfish, sottish crew,
At PORTSMOUTH RACES you may view;

ADVERTISEMENTS.

COFFEE to be Sold CHEAP for CASH, or
on Short CREDIT, by

HARMANSON and HARVEY,

Norfolk, September 1st, 1774.

PAINTING, CARVING, and GIL-
DING, of SHIPPING in the LON-
DON TASTE, executed in the neatest
Manner by the subscriber:

SUCH as Ships Heads, Tassarells, quarter-pieces
and Badges.----Gentlemen who are pleased to
Favoour him with their Commands, may depend on
the greatest Punctuality and Dispatch.----All sorts of
ornamental Embellishments in Painting, will be done
in the most approved Taste.

Colonel VEAL’S Wharf, THOMAS MASON,

Portsmouth, July 27, 1774. From London.

JAMES HALDINE,

COPPER-SMITH, and BRASS FOUNDER,
in CHURCH STREET near the CHURCH, NORFOLK.
Contiaues to carry on his BUSINESS as Usual.

MAKES and Sells all sorts of Copper Work, viz.
Stills, Brewing Coppers, Sugar Boilers, Ful-
lers, and Hatters Coppers, Brass MILL Work, Capu-
chin Plate-Warmers, Tea-Kitchens all sorts of Ship,
Fish, and Wash Kettles, Stew Pans, Dutch Ovens,
Tea Kettles, Sauce Pans, Coffee and Chocolate Pots, &c.
at the most Reasonable Rates; He gives the best Pri-
ces, for Old Copper, Brass, Pewter or Lead.

Those who are so obliging as favour me with their
employ in the mending or tinning Old Work, may
depend on having them soon done, and in the neatest
and compleatest manner.

JAMES HALDANE,

N. B. He makes and mends all Sorts of Pewter Worms for
Stills, &c. and Plummers Work, such as Leaden Cisterns for
catching Rain Water; Ship and House Work, &amp.c &c.

Norfolk, August16, 1774.

Column 2

IMPORTED in the last Ships from BRITAIN, and to be sold
by the Subscriber at Captain FRANCIS PEART’S: Fine and
Coarse HATS, Broad CLOTHS, white and coloured FUSTIANS,
JENNETS Shapes for VESTS and BREECHES; Silk and Thread
STOCKINGS, also, Mens SHOES.

JOHN PEW.

NORFOLK. Sep. 14, 1774.

WOOLLENS.

The Subscriber has just received in, per the KING-
STON Packet, Captain JOSEPH TURNER from
HULL. A large Assortment of Coarse
WOOLLENS, viz.

SIX QUARTER Cloths with necessary Trimmings:
and other final Packages (value about 40l. sterl.
each.) Consisting of Coarse Duffels, Frizes, Fear-
noughts, Half Thicks, Bearskins, KENDAL Cottons,
Negro Blanketing, Bed Blankets, White Plading,
Ruggs of different Kinds and other Goods, which he
will sell reasonable for Cash or short Credit.

JOHN STONEY.

N. B. He has likewise for sale, Seine Twine, flat and square
Bar Iron, West-India Rum, Lead-shot; Coals in said vessel, &c.

Norfolk, September 14, 1774.

THE Subscriber at his Manufactory, or at his Store in Church-
Street, Continues to make and sell all sorts of Candles and
Soap, at the lowest Prices.---He is willing upon having a [illegible, smudged]
rate Allowance for Trouble, to manufacture Tallow for any Gentle-
man or Family who may have a Quantity for that Purpose: the
Terms will be easy—those may apply as above,

MORTO BRIEN.

N. B. Without Flattery, he can assure the Public in general,
that he is fully qualified to do any Piece of Work, in the Way he
professes; as such he has been known by many Gentlemen who
have been so good as to Favour him with Employment.

NORFOLK SEPTEMBER 14, 1774.

I DO hereby give Notice, that the Partnership of
HARGRAVES & ORANGE is Dissolved by mu-
tual Agreement: Mr. HARGRAVE having purchased
my Part of the Stock has taken the Whole on himself.

Those who have any Demands against said Con-
cern, are desired to apply to MR. HARGRAVE.

WILLIAM ORANGE.

Norfolk, September 13th, 1774.

ANY Person that wants BILLARD BALLS
of any Size, may have them, or old ones,
turned over, by applying to

HARDRESS WALLER, Church-Street.

Norfolk, September 13th, 1774.

FIFTY POUNDS REWARD.

WHEREAS on the 19th of June last past, a certain
JOSEPH THORP was entrusted with a considerable sum,
of Half Johannes, of nine penny weight, to be delivered by him at
QUEBEC; and as he has not yet made his appearance there, with
other suspicious circumstances, it is apprehended he is gone off with
the money. He is a native of ENGLAND, about six feet high,
swarthy complexion, very dark keen eyes, and pitted with the
small pox; of a slender make, stoops as he walks, talks rather slow,
with some small impediment in his speech. He lived some time in
BOSTON, from whence he removed to QUEBEC, assuming the cha-
racter of a merchant in both places; he was also once in trade in
NEW-CASTLE, VIRGINIA, and has a brother settled there.
It is believed he went on board Captain JOHN F. PRUYM, for Al_
bany, and took with him a blue casimir, and a dark brown cloth
suit of cloaths.

Whoever secures the said JOSEP THORP in any of his Ma-
jesty’s gaols on this continent, shall be entitled to ten per cent. on
the sum recovered, and the above reward of Fifty Pounds when
convicted. Apply to CURSON and SETON of New-York;
JOSEPH WARREN, junr. of Philadelphia; ROBERT CHRISTIE,
of Baltimore; JAMES GIBSON, and Co. Virginia; JOHN BOND-
FIELD of Quebec; MELATIAH BOURNE, of JOHN ROWE of
Boston. It is requested of those who may have seen this
JOSEPH THORP, since the 19th of June last past, or know any-
thing of the rout he has taken, that they convey the most early
intelligence thereof to any of the above persons; or GREEN-
WOOD, RITSON, & MARSH, in Norfolk; the Favor will be
gratefully acknowledged.

All Masters of vessels are forewarned from taking him
of the Continent.

THIS is to vie notice, that WILLIAM BROOK COTTON,
MASTER of a Vessel called the DOVE, in Pasquotank river
has gone off with POLLY GRIFFEN, wife to the subscriber, miln-
wright in Pasquotank county, North-Carolina; they have already
run me in debt, about one hundred pounds in Pasquotank. I
therefore, desire and forbid any person, or persons, to give the
said WILLIAM BROOK COTTON, and POLLY GRIFFIN, any
credit on my account, as no payment will ever be made by me.
Whoever will apprehend and secure the said WILLIAM BROOK
COTTON, and POLLY GRIFFIN, shall have a Reward of [illegible, smudged]
POUNDS, North-Carolina Money.

JOHN GRIFFIN.

N. B. It is desir’d of any, who may apprehend the said couple; to
secure what money or goods they may have about them, as I have
the said WILLIAM BROOK COTTON’s Bond for Five-hundred
Pounds. I also forbid all persons to harbour or lodge them.

J. G.

September, 22, 1774.

Column 4

For CHARTER to any

Part of EUROPE

THE New Ship POLLY, RALPH
ELLIOT Master; Burthen about Five
Hundred Hogsheads.---For terms apply
to Captain ELLIOTT, or
GREENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH.

NORFOLK, September 20, 1774,

FOR CHARTER,
to any part of Europe, or the West-
Indies; the Snow HARTLEY, ED-
WARD FOSTER MASTER; bur-
then Four-hundred & Twenty Hhd’s,
or Ten thousand Bushells. For terms
apply to
GREENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH.

Norfolk, September 20, 1774.

For LIVERPOOL, the
BRIG MOLLY, JOHN
COLLINS, Master;

will sail in a month – can take in
(besides what’s already engaged)
about fifty Hhds. f tobacco, on
liberty of Consignment. For terms, apply to

GREENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH.

Norfolk, September 20, 1774.

THE SLOOP POLLY,

JACOB FOX, Master;

ESTABLISHED as a PACKET to
go constantly between this Place and
New-York; has exceeding good Accom-
modation for PASSENGERS, and will car-
ry them upon very moderate Terms.

Any Gentlemen having GOODS to ship,
by directing them to the Subscriber, may
depend on the greatest Care being taken of
them; and should the Vessel not be here
when they arrive, they will be landed with-
out any Expence to the Proprietor (Grain excepted;) He proposes
taking a very low Freight. THOMAS HEPBURN.

NORFOLK, June 30, 1774.

FOR SALE.

CHOICE NEW CASTLE COALS on board the
Brigantine COUNTESS, JOHN SMITH
Master, lying off the County Wharf, at One Shilling
per Bushel. Apply to the Captain on board, or at
Mr. JOHN BROWN’s store.

JOHN SMITH.

N. B. A good Price will be allowed for White and Red
Oak Hhd. Staves of the following Dimensions; 3 feet 6 Inches Long,
3-1 half inches wide, and 3-4ths of an Inch thick on the heart Edge,
delivered on Board said Vessel.

Norfolk, September 5th, 1774,

THE Subscribers have for Sale, barelled Pork and Beef, West
India and Northward Rum, Coffee, Pimento, Cotton on
the Seed, and a quantity of choice new Butter just come to Hand.

ROBERT GRAY, & Co.

Norfolk, September 20, 1774.

ALL Persons indebted to the late Captain JAMES PATTERSON,
are desired to make Immediate Payment to the Subscribers.

JAMES MARSDEN, Administrators.

JAMES MAXWELL,

NORFOLK< September 29, 1774.

WHEREAS the partnership of BEGG, and
ALLASON, dissolves the first of October; all
persons who have any demands against them are de-
sired to bring in their accounts that they may be set-
tled; and those who are indebted to the Concern, are
requested to make speedy Payment.

JOHN BEGG

Norfolk, September 7th, 1774.

HAVING taken Mr. Foushee into Partnership the 10th of
April last; we are very desirous to settle our old Concern.
We therefore beg, that those indebted will either discharge their
Accounts or give bond.-----Mr. Andrew Martin will call on
them for that purpose; and as we have already given great indul-
gence, we hope our friends will comply with this reasonable Re-
quest. RAMSAY & TAYLOR.

Norfolk, August 30th, 1774.

NORFOLK: Printed by WILLIAM DUNCAN and Co. by whom Advertisements, Essays, and Articles of News from
VIRGINIA, NORTH-CAROLINA, and MARYLAND, will be gratefully received, and duly Inserted.—Advertisements, of a
moderate Length, for 3s. the first time, and 2s. each time after. Price of the PAPER, 12s. 6d. per Annum

Original Format

Ink on paper

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Tags

Citation

William Duncan and Company, “Virginia Gazette, or, The Norfolk Intelligencer. Number 18, from Thursday September 29 to Thursday October 6, 1774,” Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, accessed April 27, 2024, https://cwfjdrlsc.omeka.net/items/show/1277.
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