Column2

ment, no person ought, nor will any of us deal with any such person, or
his or her factor or agent, at any time thereafter, for any commodity
whatever.

Tenth. In case any merchant, trader, or other persons, shall import
any goods or merchandise after the first day of December, and before the
first day of February next, the same ought forthwith, at the election of
the owner, to be reshipped or delivered up to the committee of the
county or town wherein they shall be imported, to be stored at the risk
of the importer, until the non-importation agreement shall cease, or be
sold under the direction of the committee aforesaid; and, in the last
mentioned case, the owner or owners of such goods shall be reimbursed
(out of the sales) the first cost and charges; the profit, if any, to be
applied towards reliving and employing such poor inhabitants of the town
of Boston as are immediate sufferers by the Boston port bill; and a par-
ticular account of all goods so returned, stored, or sold, to be inserted in
the public papers. And if any goods or merchandises shall be imported
after the said first day of February, the same ought forthwith to be sent
back again, without breaking any of the packages thereof.

Eleventh. That a committee be chosen in every county, city, and
town, by those who are qualified to vote for representatives in the legisla-
ture, whose business it be attentively to observe the conduct of all
persons touching this association; and when it shall be made to appear,
to the satisfaction of a majority of any such committee, that any person
within the limits of their appointment has violated this association, that
such majority do forthwith cause the truth of the case to be published in
the gazette, to the end that all such foes to the rights of British Ame-
rica may be publickly known, and universally contemned as the enemies
of American liberty; and thenceforth, we, respectively, will break off
all dealings with him, or her.

Twelfth. That the committee of correspondence in the respective
colonies do frequently inspect the entries of their customhouses, and in-
form each other, from time to time, of the true state thereof, and of
every other material circumstance that may occur relative to this associa-
tion.

Thirteenth. That all manufactures of this country be sold at reasonable
prices, so that no undue advantage be taken of a future scarcity of goods.

Fourteenth. And we do further agree, and resolve, that we will have
no trade, commerce, dealings, or intercourse whatsoever, with any colony
or province in North America which shall not accede to, or which shall
hereafter violate this association; but will hold them as unworthy of
the rights of freemen, and as inimical to the liberties of their country.

And we do solemnly bind ourselves, and our constituents, under the
ties aforesaid, to adhere to this association until such parts of the several
acts of parliament, passed since the close of the last war, as impose or
continue duties on tea, wine, molasses, syrups, paneles, coffee, sugar;
pimento, indigo, foreign paper, glass, and painters colours, imported
into America, and extend the powers of the admiralty courts beyond
their ancient limits, deprive the American subject of trial by jury, autho-
rise the judge’s certificate to indemnify the prosecutor from damages that
he might otherwise be liable to from a trial by his peers, require oppress-
sive security from a claimant of ships or goods seized before he shall be
allowed to defend his property, are repealed; and until that part of the
act of the 12th of Geo. III. Chap. 24 entitled “an act for the better
securing his majesty’s dockyards, magazines, ships, ammunition, and
stores,” by which any persons charged with committing any of the
offences therein described in America may be tried in any shire or county
within the realm, is repealed; and until the four acts passed in the last
session of parliament, viz, that for stopping the port and blocking up the
harbour of Boston, that for altering the charter and government of the
Massachusetts’s Bay, and that which is entitled “an act for the better
administration of justice, &c.” and that “for extending the limits of
Quebec, &c.” are repealed. And we recommend it to the provincial
conventions, and to the committees in the respective colonies, to establish
such farther regulations as they may think proper, for carrying into ex-
ecution this association.

The foregoing association being determined upon by the congress, was
ordered to be subscribed by the several members thereof; and thereupon
we have hereunto set our respective names accordingly.

In congress, Philadelphia, October 20, 1774.
Signed, PEYTON RANDOLPH, President.
New Hampshire. JOHN SULLIVAN, NATHANIEL FOLSOM.
Massachusetts Bay. THOMAS CUSHING, SAMUEL ADAMS, JOHN
ADAMS, ROBERT TREAT PAINE.
RHODE ISLAND. STEPHEN HOPKINS, SAMUEL WARD.
Connecticut. ELIPHALET DYER, ROGER SHERMAN, SILAS
DEANE,
New York ISSAC LOW, JOHN ALSOP, JOHN JAY, JAMES
DUANE, WILLIAM FLOYD, HENRY WEISNE, S. BOERUM.
New Jersey. JAMES KINSEY, WILLIAM LIVINGSTON,
STEPHEN CRANE, RICHARD SMITH.
Pennsylvania JOSEPH GALLOWAY, JOHN DICKERSON,
CHARLES HUMPHREYS, THOMAS MIFFLIN, EDWARD BIDDLE,
JOHN MORTON, GEORGE ROSS.
Newcastle, &c. CAESAR RODNEY, THOMAS M^cLEAN,
GEORGE READ.
Maryland, MATTHEW TILGHMAN, THOMAS JOHNSON, WIL-
LIAM PACA, SAMUEL CHASE.
Virginia. RICHARD HENRY LEE, GEORGE WASHONGTON<
P. HENRY, jun. RICHARD BLAND< BENJAMIN HARRISON,
EDMUND PENDLETON.
North Carolina. WILLIAM HOOPES, JOSEPH HEWES, R.
CASWELL.
South Carolina HENRY MIDDLETON, THOMAS LYNCH
CHRISTOPHER GADSON, JOHN RUTLEDGE, EDWARD RUT-
LEDGE.

To the PEOPLE of GREAT BRITAIN, from the DELEGATES
appointed by the several English colonies of New Hampshire, Massachu-
setts Bay, Rhode Island,and Providence plantations, Connecticut,
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the lower counties on Delaware,
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, to consider
of their grievances in GENERAL CONGRESS, at Philadelphia,
September 5, 1774.

FRIENDS AND FELLOW SUBJECTS,
WHEN a nation, led to greatness by the hand of liberty, and
possessed of all the glory that heroism, munificence, and hu-
manity, can bestow, desends to the ungrateful task of forging chains
for her friends and children, and instead of giving support to freedom,
turns advocate for slavery and oppression, there is reason to suspect she
has either ceased to be virtuous, or been extremely negligent in the
appointment of her rulers.

In almost every age, in repeated conflicts, in long and bloody wars, as
well civil as foreign, against many and powerful nations, against the
open assaults of enemies, and the more dangerous treachery of friends,
have the inhabitants of your island, your great and glorious ancestors,
maintained their independence, and transmitted the rights of men, and
the blessings of liberty to you and their posterity.

Be not surprised, therefore, that we, who are desended from the
same common ancestors, that we, whose forefathers participated in all

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the rights, the liberties, and the constitution, you so justly boast, and
who have carefully conveyed the same fair inheritance to us, guaranteed
by the plighted faith of government, and the most solemn compacts with
British sovereigns, should refuse to surrender them to men who found
their claims on no principles of reason, and who prosecute them with a
design, that, by having our lives and property in their power, they may,
with the greater facility, enslave you.

The cause of America is now the object of universal attention; it
has, at length become very serious. This unhappy country has not
only been oppressed, but abused and misrepresented; and the duty we
owe to ourselves and posterity, to your interest, and the general welfare
of the British empire, leads us to address you on this very important
subject.

Know then, that we consider ourselves, and do insist that we are, and
ought to be, as free as our fellow subjects in Britain, and that no power
on earth has a right to take our property from us without our consent.

That we claim all the benefits secured to the subject by the English
constitution, and particularly that inestimable one of trial by jury.

That we hold essential to English liberty that no man be condemned
unheard, or punished for supposed offences, without having an opportu-
nity of making his defence.

That we think the legislature of Great Britain is not authorized by
the constitution to establish a religion fraught with sanguinary and im-
pious tenets, or to erect an arbitrary form of government in any quarter
of the globe. These rights we, as well as you, deem sacred; and yet
scared as they are, they have, with many others, been repeatedly and
flagrantly violated.

Are not the proprietors of the soil of Great Britain lords of their own
property> Can it be taken from them without their consent? Will
they yield it to the arbitrary disposal of any man, or number of men,
whatever? You know they will not.

Why, then, are the proprietors of the soil of America less lords of
their property than you are of yours? Or why should they submit it to
the disposal of your parliament or any other parliament or council in
the world not of their election? Can the intervention of the sea that
divides us cause disparity in rights? Or can any reason be given why
English subjects who live three thousand miles from the royal palace,
should enjoy less liberty than those who are three hundred miles distant
from it?

Reason looks with indignation on such distinctions, and freemen can
never perceive their propriety; and yet, however chimerical and unjust
such discriminations are, the parliament assert that they have a right to
bind us in all cases without exception, whether we consent or not,
that they may take and use our property when and in what manner they
please; that we are pensioners on their bounty for all that we possess,
and can hold it no longer than they vouchsafe to permit. Such declara-
tions we consider as heresies in English politics, and which can no more
operate to deprive us of our property than the interests of the pope can
divest kings of scepters, which the laws of the land, and the voice of the
people, have placed in their hands.

At the conclusion of the late war, a war rendered glorious by the abi-
ilities and integrity of a minister, to whose efforts the British empire
owes its safety and its fame; at the conclusion of this war, which was
succeeded by an inglorious peace, formed under the auspices of a minister,
of principles, and of a family, unfriendly to the protestant cause, and
inimical to liberty; we say, at this period, and under the influence of
that man, a plan for enslaving your fellow subjects in America was con-
certed, and has ever since been pertinaciously carrying into execution.

Prior to this man, you were content with drawing from us the wealth
produced by our commerce. You restrained our trade in every way that
could conduce to your emolument; you exercised unbounded sovereignty
over the sea; you named the ports and nations to which alone our mer-
chandise should be carried, and with whom alone we should trade, and
though some of these restrictions were grievous, we nevertheless did not
complain; we looked up to you as to our parent state, to which we were
bound by the strongest ties, and were happy in being instrumental to
your prosperity and your grandeur.

We call upon you, yourselves, to witness our loyalty and attachment
to the common interest of the whole empire. Did we not, in the last
war, add all the strength of this cast continent to the force which re-
pelled our common enemy? Did we not leave our native shores, and
meet disease and death, to promote the success of British arms in foreign
climates? Did you not thank us for our zeal, and even reimburse us
large sums of money, which you confessed we had advanced beyond our
proportion, and far beyond our abilities? You did.

To what causes, then, are we to attribute the sudden change of treat-
ment, and that system of slavery which was prepared for us at the reso-
lution of peace?

Before we had recovered from the distresses which ever attend war, an
attempt was made to drain this country of all its money, by the oppressive
stamp act. Paint, glass, and other commodities, which you would not
permit us to purchase of other nations, were taxed; nay, you prohibited
our procuring it of foreigners without paying a tax, imposed by your
parliament, on all we imported. These, and many other impositions,
were laid upon us most unjustly and unconstitutionally, for the express
purpose of raising a revenue. In order to silence complaint, it was indeed
provided that this revenue should be expended in American, for its pro-
tection and defence. These exactions, however, can receive no justifi-
cation form a pretended necessity of protecting and defending us. They
are lavishly squandered on court favourites, and ministerial dependents,
generally avowed enemies to America, and employing themselves, by
partial representations, to traduce and embroil the colonies. For the
necessary support of government here, we ever were, and ever shall be,
ready to provide; and whenever the exigences of the state may require
it, we shall, as we have heretofore done, cheerfully contribute our full
proportion of men and money. To enforce this unconstitutional and
unjust scheme of taxation, every sence that the wisdom of our British
ancestors had carefully erected against arbitrary power has been violently
thrown down in America, and the inestimable right of trial by jury taken
away in cases that touch both life and property.
It was ordained, that when-
ever offences should be committed in the colonies against particular acts,
imposing various duties and restrictions upon trade, the prosecutor might
bring his action for the penalties in the courts of admiralty; by which
means the subject lost the advantage of being tried by an honest, un-
influenced jury of the vicinage, and was subjected to the sad necessity of
being judged by a single man, a creature of the crown, and according to
the course of a law which exempts the prosecutor from the trouble of
proving his accusation, and obliges the defendant either to evince his
innocence, or to suffer. To give this new indicatory the greater im-
portance, and as if with design to protect false accusers, it is farther pro-
vided, that the judge’s certificate of their having been probably causes of
seizure and prosecution shall protect the prosecutor from actions at com-
mon law for recovery of damages.

By the course of our law, offences committed in such of the British
dominions in which courts are established, and justice duly and regularly
administered, shall be there tried by a jury of the vicinage. There the
offenders and the witnesses are known, and the degree of credibility to be
given to their testimony can be ascertained.

Column 1

In all these colonies justice is regularly and impartially administered;
and yet, by the construction of some, and the direction of other acts of
parliament, offenders are to be taken by force, together with all such
persons as may be pointed out as witnesses, and carried to England, there
to be tried in a distant land, by a jury of strangers, and subject to all the
disadvantages that result from want of friends, want of witnesses, and
want of money.

When the design of raising a revenue from the duties imposed on the
importation of tea in America had in great measure been rendered abor-
tive, by our ceasing to import that commodity, a scheme was concerted
by the ministry with the East India company, and an act passed enabling
and encouraging them to transport and vend it in the colonies. Aware
of the danger of giving success to this insidious manoeuvre, and of per-
mitting a precedent of taxation thus to be established among us, various
methods were adopted to elude the stroke. The people of Boston, then
ruled by a governor whom, as well as his predecessor, sir Francis Bernard,
all America considers as her enemy, were exceedingly embarrassed. The
ships which had arrived with the tea were, by his management, prevent-
ed from returning; the duties would have been paid, the cargoes landed
and exposed to sale; a governor’s influence would have procured and pro-
tected many purchasers. While the town was suspended by deliberations
on this important subject the tea was destroyed. Even supposing a tres-
pass was thereby committed, and the proprietors of the tea entitled to
damages, the courts of law were open, and judges appointed by the crown
presided in them. The East India company, however, did not think
proper to commence any suits, nor did they even demand satisfaction,
either from individuals or from the community in general. The ministry,
it seems, officially made the case their own, and the great council of the
nation descended to intermeddle with a dispute about private property.
Divers papers, letters, and other authenticated ex parte evidence, were
laid before them; neither the persons who destroyed the tea, or the people
of Boston, were called upon to answer the complaint. The ministry,
incensed by being disappointed in a favourite scheme, were determined to
recur from the little arts of finesse to open force and unmanly violence.
The port of Boston was blocked up by a fleet, and an army placed in the
town; their trade was to be suspended, and thousands reduced to the ne-
cessity of gaining subsistence from charity, till they should submit to pass
under the yoke, and consent to become slaves, by confessing the omni-
potence of parliament, and acquiescing in whatever disposition they might
think proper to make of their lives and property.

Let justice and humanity cease to be the boast of your nation! Consult
your history, examine your records of former transactions, nay turn to
the annals of the many arbitrary states and kingdoms that surround you,
and shew us a single instance of men being condemned to suffer from imputed
crimes, unheard, unquestioned, and without even the specious formality
of a trial, and that, too, by laws made expressly for the purpose, and
which had no existence at the time of the fact committed. If it be diffi-
cult to reconcile these proceedings to the genius and temper of your laws
and constitution, the talk will become more arduous when we call upon
our ministerial enemies to justify, not only condemning men untried,
and by hearsay, but involving the innocent in one common punishment
with the guilty, and, for the act of thirty or forty, to bring poverty,
distress, and calamity, on thirty thousand souls, and those not your
enemies, but your friends, brethren, and fellow subjects.

It would be some consolation to us if the catalogue of American op-
pressions ended here. It gives us pain to be reduced to the necessity of
reminding you, that under the confidence reposed in the faith of govern-
ment, pledged in a royal charter from a British sovereign, the forefathers
of the present inhabitants of the Massachusetts Bay left their former
habitations, and established that great, flourishing, and loyal colony.
Without incurring, or being charged with a forfeiture of their rights,
without being heard, without being tried, without law, and without
justice, by an act of parliament their charter is destroyed, their liberties
violated, their constitution and form of government changed, and all this
upon no better presence than because in one of their towns a trespass
was committed on some merchandise, said to belong to one of the com-
panies, and because the ministry were of opinion that such high political
regulations were necessary to compel due subordination and obedience to
their mandate.

Nor are these the only capital grievances under which we labour. We
might tell of dissolute, weak, and wicked governors, having been set
over us; of legislatures being suspended, for asserting the rights of British
subjects; of needy and ignorant dependents on great men advanced to the
seats of justice, and to other places of trust and importance; of hard re-
strictions on commerce, and a great variety of lesser evils, the recollection
of which is almost lost under the weight and pressure of greater and more
poignant calamities.

Now mark the progression of the ministerial plan for enslaving us.
Well aware that such hardy attempts to take our property from us, to
deprive us of that valuable right of trial by jury, to seize our persons and
carry us for trial to Great Britain, to blockade our ports, to destroy our
charters, and change our forms of government, would occasion, and
had already occasioned, great discontent in all the colonies, which might
produce opposition to these measures, an act was passed to protect, in-
demnify and screen from punishment, such as might be guilty even of
murder, in endeavouring to carry their oppressive edicts into execution;
and by another act the dominion of Canade is to be so extended, modelled,
and governed, as that, by being disunited from us, detached from our
interests, by civil as well as religious prejudice, that by their num-
bers daily swelling with catholic emigrants from Europe, and by their
devotion to administration, so friendly to their religion, they might be-
come formidable to us, and on occasion be fit instruments in the hands of
power to reduce the ancient free protestant colonies to the same state of
slavery with themselves.

This was evidently the object of the act; and in this view, being ex-
tremely dangerous to our liberty and quiet, we cannot forbear complain-
ing of it as hostile to British America. Superadded to these considerati-
tions, we cannot help deploring the unhappy condition to which it has re-
duced the many English settlers, who, encouraged by the royal proclama-
tion, promising the enjoyment of all their rights, have purchased estates
in that country. They are now the subjects of an arbitrary government,
deprived of trial by jury, and when imprisoned cannot claim the benefit
of the habeas corpus act, that great bulwark and palladium of English
liberty; nor can we suppress our astonishment that a British parliament
should ever consent to establish in that country a religion that has deluged
your island in blood, and dispersed impiety, bigotry, persecution, murder,
and rebellion, through every part of the world.

This being a true state of facts, let us beseech you to consider, to what
end they lead. Admit that the ministry, by the powers of Britain, and
the aid of our Roman catholic neighbours, should be able to carry the
point of taxation, and reduce us to a state of perfect humiliation and
slavery, such an enterprise would doubtless make some addition to your
national debt, which already presses down your liberties, and fills you
with pensioners and placemen. We presume, also, that your commerce
will somewhat be diminished. However, suppose you should prove victo-
rious, in what condition will you then be? What advantages, or what
laurels will you reap from such a conquest?

May not a ministry, with the same armies, enslave you? It may be
said you will cease to pay them; but remember, the taxes from Ameri-
ca, the wealth, and we may add the men, and particularly the Roman
catholics, of this vast continent, will then be in the power of your ene-
mies; nor will you have any reason to expect that, after making slaves
of us, many among us should refuse to assist in reducing you to the same
abject fate.

Do not treat this as chimerical. Know, that in less than half a cen-
tury the quitrents reserved to the crown, from the numberless grants
of this cast continent, will pour large streams of wealth into the royal cof-
fers; and if to this be added the power of taxing America, at pleasure,
the crown will be rendered independent on you for supplies, and will
possess more treasure than may be necessary to purchase the remains of
liberty in your island. In a word, take care that you do not fall into the
pit that is preparing for us.

We believe there is yet much virtue, much justice, and much public
spirit, in the English nation. To that justice we now appeal. You have
been told that we are seditious, impatient of government, and desirous
of independency. Be assured that these are not facts, but calumnies.
Permit us to be as free as yourselves, and we shall ever esteem a union
with you to be our greatest glory and our greatest happiness; we shall ever
be ready to contribute all in our power to the welfare of the empire;
we shall consider your enemies as our enimies, and your interest as our
own.

But, if you are determined that your ministers shall wantonly sport with
the rights of mankind, if neither the voice of justice, the dictates of the
law, the principles of the constitution, or the suggestors of humanity,
can restrain your hands from shedding human blood in such an impious
cause, we must then tell you that we never will submit to be hewers
of wood or drawers of water for any ministry or nation in the world.

Place us in the same situation that we were at the close of the last war,
and our former harmony will be restored.

But lest the same supineness, and the same inattention to our common
interest, which you have for several years shewn, should continue, we
think it prudent to anticipate the consequences.

By the destruction of the trade of Boston, the ministry have enedavour-

Column 2

ed to induce submission to their measures. The like fate may befal us
all; we will endeavour, therefore, to live without trade, and recur for
subsistence to the fertility and bounty of our native soil, which will afford
us all the necessities and some of the conveniences of life. We have
suspended our importation from Great Britain and Ireland; and in less
than a year’s time, unless our grievances should be redressed; shall discon-
tinue our exports to those kingdoms and the West Indies.

It is with the utmost regret, however, that we find ourselves compelled
by the over ruling principles of self-preservation, to adopt measures detri-
mental in their consequences to numbers of our fellow subjects in Great
Britain and Ireland; but we hope that the magnanimity and justice of
the British nation will furnish a parliament of such wisdom, indepen-
dence and public spirit, as may save the violated rights of the whole em-
pire from the devices of wicked ministers and evil counsellors, whether
in or out of office, and thereby restore that harmony, friendship, and
fraternal affection, between all the inhabitants of his majesty’s kingdoms
and territories, so ardently wished for by every true and honest American.

THE CONGRESS then resumed the consideration of the memorial
to the inhabitants of the British colonies, and the same being debated by
paragraphs, and amended, was approved, and is as follows:

To the INHABITANTS of the colonies of NEW HAMPSHIRE,
MASACHUSETTS BAY, RHODE ISLAND, and PROVIDENCE
plantations, CONNECTICUT, NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY,
PENNSYLVANIA, the counties of NEW CASTLE, KENT,
and SUSSEX, on DELAWARE, MARYLAND, VIRGINIA, NORTH
CAROLINA, and SOUTH CAROLINA.

FRIENDS AND FELLOW COUNTRYMEN,

WE the DELEGATES appointed by the good people of the above
colonies to meet at Philadelphia, in September last, for the
purposes mentioned by our respective constituents, have, in pursuance of
of the trust reposed in us, assembled, and taken into our most serious
consideration the important matters recommended of the congress. Our
resolutions thereupon will be herewith communicated to you; but as the
situation of public affairs grows daily more and more alarming, and as it
may be more satisfactory to you to be informed by us in a collective body,
than in any other manner, of those sentiments that have been approved,
upon a full and free discussion by the representatives of so great a part of
America, we esteem ourselves obliged to add this address to these resolu-
tions,

In every case of opposition by a people to their rulers, or of one state to
another, duty to Almighty God, the creator of all, requires that a true
and impartial judgement be formed of the measures leading to such oppo-
sition, and of the causes by which it has been provoked, or can in any
degree be justified; that neither affection on the one hand, nor resenti-
ment on the other, being permitted to give a wrong bias to reason, it
may be enabled to take a dispassionate view of all the circumstances, and
settle the public conduct on the solid foundation of wisdom and justice.

From councils thus tempered arise the surest hopes of the Divine favour,
the firmest encouragement to the parties engaged, and the strongest re-
commendation of their cause to the rest of mankind.

With minds deeply impressed by a sense of these truths, we have dili-
gently, deliberately, and calmly, enquired into, and considered, those
exertions, both of the legislative and executive power of Great Britain,
which have excited so much uneasiness in America; and have, with equal
fidelity and attention, considered the conduct of the colonies. Upon the
whole, we find ourselves reduced to the disagreeable alternative of being
silent, and betraying the innocent, or of speaking out and censuring
those we wish to revere. In making our choice of these destressing diffi-
culties, we prefer the course dictated by honest, and a regard for the
welfare of our country.

Soon after the conclusion of the late war, there commenced a memo-
rable change in the treatment of these colonies. By a statute made in
the fourth year in the present reign, a time of profound peace, alledging,
”the expediency of new provisions and regulations for extending the
commerce between Great Britain and his majesty’s dominions in America,
and the necessity of raising a revenue in the said dominions, for defraying
the expences of defending, protecting, and securing the same,” the com-
mons of Great Britain undertook to give and grant to his majesty many
rates and duties, to be paid in these colonies. To enforce the observance
of this act, it prescribes a great number of severe penalties and forfeitures;
and, in two sections, makes a remarkable distinction between the subjects
in Great Britain and those in America. By the one, the penalties and
forfeitures incurred there are to be recovered in any of the king’s courts
of record at Westminster, or in the court of exchequer in Scotland; and by
the other, the penalties and forfeitures incurred here are to be recovered
in any court of record, of in any court of admiralty of vice admiralty, at
the election of the informer or persecutor.

The inhabitants of these colonies, confiding in the justice of Great
Britain, were scarcely allowed sufficient time to receive and consider this
act, before another, well known by the name of the Stamp act, and passed
in the fifth year of this reign, engrossed their whole attention. By this
statute, the British parliament exercised, in the most explicit manner,
a power of taxing us; and, extending the jurisdiction of courts of admi-
ralty and vice admiralty in the colonies to matters arising within the body
of a county, directed the numerous penalties and forfeitures thereby in-
flicted to be recovered in the said courts.

In the same year, a tax was imposed upon us, by an act establishing
several new fees in the customs. In the next year, the stamp act was
repealed; not because it was founded n an erroneous principle, but, as
the repealing act recites, because “the continuance thereof would be at-
tended with many inconveniences, and might be productive of conse-
quences greatly detrimental to the commercial interest of Great Britain.

In the same year, and by a subsequent act, it was declared, “that his
majesty in parliament, of right, had power to bind the people of these
colonies by statutes in all cases whatsoever..

In the same year, another act was passed for imposing rates and duties
payable in these colonies. In this statute, the commons, avoiding the
terms of giving and granting, “humbly besought his majesty that it
might be enacted, &c.” But, from a declaration in the preamble, that
the tates and duties were “in lieu of” several others, granted by the
statue first before mentioned “em>for raising a revenue, and from some other
expressions, it appears that these duties were intended for that purpose.

In the next year,(1767) an act was made “to enable his majesty to put
the customs, and other duties in America, under the management of com-
missioners, &c.” and the king thereupon erected the present expensive
board of commissioners, for the express purpose of carrying into execution
the several acts relating to the revenue and trade in America.

After the repeal of the stamp act, having again resigned ourselves to
our ancient unsuspicious affections for the parent state, and anxious to
avoid any controversy with her, in hopes of a favourable alteration in
sentiments and measures towards us, we did not press our objections
against the above mentioned statutes made subsequent to that repeal.

Administration, attributing to trifling causes a conduct that really pro-
ceeded from generous motives, were encouraged, in the same year (1767)
to make a bolder experiment on the patience of America.

By a statute, commonly called the glass, paper, and tea act, made
fifteen months after the repeal of the stamp act, the commons of Great
Britain resumed their former language, and again undertook to :give
and grant rates and duties to be paid in these colonies, of the express
purpose of raising a revenue, to defray the charges of the administration
of justice, the support of civil government, anddefending the king’s domini-
ons,” on this continent. The penalties and forfeitures incurred under
this statute are to be recovered in the same manner with those mentioned in
the foregoing acts.

To this statute, so naturally tending to disturb the tranquility then
universal throughout the colonies, parliament, in the same session, added
another, no less extraordinary.

Ever since the making the present peace, a standing army has been
kept in these colonies. From respect for the mother country, the inno-
vation was not only tolerated, but the provincial legislatures generally
made provision for supplying the troops,

The assembly of the province of New York, having passed an act of this
kind, but differing in some articles from the directions of the act of par-
liament made in the fifth year of this reign, the house of representatives
in that colony was prohibited, by a statute made in the session last men-
tioned, from making any bill, order, resolution, or vote, except for ad-
journing or chusing a speaker, until provision should be made by the said
assembly for furnishing the troops within that province, not only with all
such necessities as were required by the statute which they were charged
with disobeying, but also with those required by two other subsequent sta-
tutes, which were declared to be in force until the twenty fourth day of
March, 1769.

These statutes of the year 1767 revived the apprehensions, and discon-
tents, that had entirely subsided on the repeal of the stamp act; and,
amidst the just fears and jealousies thereby occasioned, a statute was made
in the next year (1768) to establish courts of admiralty and vice admiralty
on a new model, expressly for the end of more effectually recovering the
penalties and forfeitures inflicted by acts of parliament, framed for the pur-
pose of raising a revenue in America, &c.

The immediate tendency of these statutes is to subvert the right of
having a share in legislation, by rendering assemblies useless; the right
of property, by taking the money of the colonists without their consent;

Column 3

the right of trials by jury, by subscribing in their place trials in admiral-
ty and vice admiralty courtsl;loo, where single judges preside, holding their
commissions during pleasure; and unduly to influence the courts of com-
mon law by rendering the judges thereof totally dependent on the crown
for their salaries.

These statutes, not to mention many other exceedingly exceptionable,
compared one with another, will be found, not only to form a regular
system in which every part has great force, but also a pertinacious ad-
herence to that system for subjugating these colonies, that are not, and
from local circumstances cannot, be represented in the house of commons,
to the uncontroulable and unlimited power of parliament, in violation of
their undoubted rights and liberties, in contempt of their humble and
repeated supplications.

This conduct must appear equally astonishing and unjustifiable, when it
is considered how unprovoked it has been by any behaviour of these colo-
nies. From their first settlement, their bitterest enemies never fixed on
any of them a charge of disloyalty to their sovereign, or, disaffection to
their mother country. In the wars she has carried on, they have exerted
themselves, whenever required, in giving her assistance; and have
rendered her services, which she has publicaly acknowledged to be extreme-
ly important. Their fidelity, duty, and unselfishness, during the last war,
were frequently and affectionately confessed by his late majesty, and the
present king.

The reproaches of those who are most unfriendly to the freedom of
America are principally levelled against the province of Massachusetts
Bay, but what little reason will appear by the following declarations
of a person, the truth of whole evidence, in their favour, will not be
questioned. Governor Bernard thus addresses the two houses of assembly,
in his speech on the 24th of April, 1762: “The unanimity and dispatch
with which you have complied with the requisitions of his majesty require
my particular acknowledgement, and it gives me additional pleasure to ob-
serve that you have therein acted under no other influence than a due
sense of your duty, both as members of a general empire, and as the body
of a particular province.”

In another speech, on the 27th of May, in the same year, he says
”Whatever shall be the event of the war, it must be no small satisfacti-
tion to us that this province hath contributed its full share to the support
of it. Every thing that hath been required of it hath been complied with,
and the execution of the powers committed to me for raising the pro-
vincial troops hath been as full and compleat as the grant of them.
Never before were regiments so easily levied, so well composed, and so
early on the field, as they have been this year; the common people
seemed to be animated with the spirit of the general court, and to vie
with them in their readiness to serve the king.”

Such was the conduct of the people of the Massachusetts Bay during
the last war. As to their behaviour before that period, it ought not to
have been forgot in Great Britain, that not only on every occasion they
had constantly and cheerfully complied with the frequent royal requisi-
tions, but that chiefly by their vigorous efforts Nova Scotia was subdued
in 1710, and Louisbourg in 1745.

Foreign quarrels being ended, and the domestic disturbances that quick-
ly succeeded, on account of the stamp act, being quieted by its repeal,
the assembly of Massachusetts Bay transmitted an humble address of
thanks to the king and divers noblemen, and soon after passed a bill of
granting compensation to the sufferers in the disorder occasioned by that act.

These circumstances, and the following extracts from governor Ber-
nard’s letters, in 1768, to the earl of Shelburne, secretary of state, clearly
shew with what grateful tenderness they strove to bury in oblivion the
unhappy occasion of the late discords, and with what respectful reluct-
ance they endeavoured to escape other subjects of future controversy.-
”The house (says the governor) from the time of opening the session to
this day, has shewn a disposition to avoid all dispute with me; every
thing having passed with as much good humour as I could desire, except
only their continuing to act in addressing the king, remonstrating to the
secretary of state, and employing a separate agent. It is the importance of
this innovation, without any wilfulness of my own, which induces me to
make this remonstrance, at a time when I have a fair prospect of having
in all other business, nothing but good to say of this proceedings of the
house.”*

They have acted in all things, even in their remonstrance, with
temper and moderation, they have avoided some subjects of dispute, and
have laid a foundation for removing some causes of former altercation.”+

”I shall make such a prudent and proper use of this letter as, I hope,
will perfectly restore the peace and tranquility of this province; for which
purpose considerable steps have been made by the house of representatives.”++

The vindication of the province of Massachusetts Bay, contained in
these letters, will have greater force if it be considered that they were
written several months after the fresh alarm given to the colonies by the
statutes passed in the preceding year.

In this place it seems proper to take notice of the insinuation in one of
these statutes, that the interference of parliament was necessary to pro-
vide for “defraying the charge of the administration of justice, the sup-
port of civil government,, and defending the king’s dominions in America,”

As to the two first articles of expence, every colony had made such
provision, as by their respective assemblies, the best judges on such occa-
sions, was thought expedient, and suitable to their several circumstances.
Respecting the last, it is well known, to all men the least acquainted
with American affairs, that the colonies were established, and have ge-
nearlly defended themselves, without the least assistance from Great Bri-
tain; and that, at the same time of her taxing them by the statutes be-
fore mentioned, most of them were labouring under very heavy debts,
contracted in the last war. So far were they from sparing their money,
when their sovereign constitutionally asked their aids, that during the
course of that war, parliament repeatedly made them compensations for
the expence of those strenuous efforts, which, consulting their zeal ra-
ther than their strength, they had cheerfully incurred.

Severe as the acts of parliament before mentioned are, yet the conduct
of administration has been equally injurious and irritating to this devoted
country. Under pretence of governing them, so many new institutions,
uniformly rigid and dangerous, have been introduced, as could only be
expected from incenced matters, for collecting the tribute, or rather the
plunder, of conquered provinces.

By an order of the king, the authority of the commander in chief,
and under him of the brigadiers general, in time of peace, is rendered
supreme in all the civil governments in America; and thus an uncon-
troulable military power is vested in officers not known to the constitution
of these colonies.

A large body of troops, and a considerable armament of ships of war,
have been sent to assist in taking their money without their consent. Ex-
pensive and oppressive offices have ben multiplied, and the arts of cor-
ruption industriously practiced to divide and destroy. The judges of the
admiralty and vice admiralty courts are empowered by themselves; the com-
missioners of the customs are empowered to break open and enter houses
without the authority of any civil magistrate, founded on legal informa-
tion. Judges of courts of common law have been made entirely depend-
ent on the crown for their commissions and salaries. A court has been
established at Rhode Island for the purpose of taking colonists to England
to be tried. Humble and reasonable petitions from the representatives
of the people have been frequently treated with contempt, and assem-
blies have repeatedly and arbitrarily dissolved. From some few in-
stances it will sufficiently appear on what pretences of justice those disso-
lutions have been founded.

The tranquility of the colonies having been again disturbed, as has
been mentioned, by the statutes of the year 1767, the earl of Hillsbo-
rough, secretary of state, in a letter to governor Bernard, dated April
22, 1763, censures the ”presumption” of the house of representatives
for “resolving upon a measure of so inflammatory a nature as that of
writing to the other colonies on the subject of their intended representations
against some late acts of parliament,” then declares that “his majesty
considers this step as evidently tending to create unwarrantable combina-
tions, to excite an unjustifiable opposition to the constitutional authority of
parliament; and afterwards adds “it is the king’s pleasure, that as soon as
the general court is again assembled, at the time prescribed by the char-
ter, you should require of the house of representatives, in his majesty’s
name, to rescind the resolution which gave birth to the circular letter
from the speaker, and to declare their disapprobation of, and dissent to,
that rash and hasty proceeding.”

If the new assembly should refuse to comply with his majesty’s rea-
sonable expectation, it is the king’s pleasure that you should immediately
dissolve them.”

This letter being laid before the house, and the resolution not being
rescinded according to the order, the assembly was dissolved. A letter of
a similar nature was sent to other governors, to procure resolutions ap-
proving the conduct of the representatives of Massachusetts Bay to be
rescinded also; and the houses of representatives in other colonies re-
fusing to comply, assemblies were dissolved.

These mandates spoke a language to which the ears of English subjects
had, for several generations, been strangers. The nature of assemblies

*January 21, 1768.
+January 30, 1768.
++February 2, 1768.

Column 1

Implies a power and right of deliberation; but these commands pro-
scribing the exercise of judgement on the propriety of the requisitions made,
left to the assemblies only the election between dictated submission, and
the threatened punishment, too, founded on no other act
than such as deemed innocent in slaves, of agreeing in,petitions for
redress of grievances, that equally affect all.

The hostile and unjustifiable invasion of the town of Boston, soon fol-
lowed these events, in the same year; though that town, the province
in which it is situated, and all the colonies, from abhorrence of a con-
test with their parent state, permitted the execution even of those statutes,
against which they so unanimously were complaining, remonstrating, and
supplicating.

Administration, determined to subdue a spirit of freedom, which
English ministers should have rejoiced to cherish entered into a monopo-
lising combination with the East India company, to send to this continent
vast quantities of tea, an article on which a duty was had by a statute
that in a particular manner attacked the liberties of America, and which
therefore the inhabitants of these colonies had resolved not to import.
The cargo sent to South Carolina was stored, and not allowed to be sold.
Those sent to Philadelphia and New York were not permitted to be
landed. That sent to Boston was destroyed, because governor Hutchinson
would not suffer it to be returned.

On the intelligence of these transactions arriving in Great Britain,
the public spirited town last mentioned was singled out for destruction,
and it was determined the province it belongs to should partake of its fate.
In the last session of parliament, therefore, were passed the acts for shut-
ting up the port of Boston, and changing their chartered contribution of go-
vernment. To enforce these acts, that province is again invaded by a
fleet and army.

To mention these outrageous proceedings is sufficient to explain them;
for though it is pretended that the province of Massachusetts Bay has been
particularly disrespectful to Great Britain, yet, in truth, the behaviour
of the people in other colonies has been an equal “opposition to the
power assumed by parliament.” No step, however, has been taken against
any of the rest. This artful conduct conceals several designs. It is ex-
pected that the province of Massachusetts Bay will be irritated into some
violent action that may displease the rest of the continent, or that may
induce the people of Great Britain to approve the meditated vengeance
of an imprudent and exasperated ministry.

If the unexampled pacific temper of that province shall disappoint this
part of the plan, it is hoped the other colonies will no be so far intimi-
dated as to desert their brethren, suffering in a common cause; and that
thus disunited all may be subdued.

To promote these designs, another measure has been pursued. In the
session of parliament just mentioned, as act was passed for changing the
government of Quebec; by which act, the Roman catholic religion, in-
stead of being tolerated, as stipulated by the treaty of peace, is established,
and the people there deprived of the right to an assembly, trials by jury,
and the English laws in civil cases abolished, and instead thereof the French
have established, in direct violation of his majesty’s promise by his royal
proclamation, under the faith of which many English subjects settled in
that province, and the limits of that province are extended so as to com-
prehend those vast regions that lie adjoining to the northerly and western-
ly boundaries of these colonies.

The authors of this arbitrary arrangement flatter themselves that the
inhabitants, deprived of liberty, and artfully provoked against those of
another religion, will be proper instruments for assisting in the oppression
of such as differ than them in modes of government and faith.

From the detail of facts herein recited, as well as from authentic
intelligence received, it is clear, beyond a doubt, that a resolution is
formed, and now is carrying into execution, to extinguish the freedom
of these colonies, by subjecting them to a despotic government,

At this unhappy period, we have been authorized and directed to meet
and consult together for the welfare of our common country. We ac-
cepted the important trust with diffidence, but have endeavoured to dis-
charge it with integrity. Though the state of these colonies would cer-
tainly justify other measures than we have advised, yet weighty reasons
determined us to prefer those which we have adopted. In the first place,
it appeared to us a conduct becoming the character these colonies have
ever sustained to perform, even in the midst of the unnatural distresses
and imminent dangers that surround them, every act of loyalty; and
therefore we were induced to offer, once more, to his majesty, the peti-
tions of his faithful and oppressed subjects in America. Secondly, regard-
ing with the tender affection which we know to be so universal among our
countrymen the people of the kingdom from which we derive our original,
we could not forbear to regulate our steps by an expectation of receiving
full conviction that the colonists are equally dear to them. Between these
provinces and that body subsists the social band which we ardently wish
may never be dissolved, and which cannot be dissolved until their minds
shall become indisputably hostile, or their inattention shall permit those who
are thus hostile to persist in prosecuting with the powers of the realm
the destructive measures already operating against the colonists, and, in
either case, shall reduce the latter to such a situation, that they shall be
compelled to renounce every regard but that of self-preservation. Not-
withstanding the vehemence with which affairs have been impelled, they
have not yet reached that fatal point. We do not incline to accelerate their
motion, already alarmingly rapid; we have chosen a method of opposition
that does not preclude a hearty reconciliation with our fellow citizens on
the other side of the Atlantic. We deplore the urgent necessity
that presses us to an immediate interruption of commerce, that may
prove injurious to them. We trust they will acquit us of any unkind in-
tentions towards them, by reflecting that we subject ourselves to similar
inconveniencies; that we are driven, by the hands of violence, into un-
experienced and unexpected public convulsions, and that we are contend-
ing for freedom, so often contended for by our ancestors.

The people of England will soon have an opportunity of declaring their
sentiments concerning our cause. In their piety, generosity, and good
sense, we repose high confidence; and cannot, upon a review of past
events, be persuaded that they, the defenders of true religion, and the
the asserters of the right of mankind, will take part against their affectionate
protestant brethren in the colonies, in favour of our open and their own
secret enemies, whose intrigues, for several years past, have been wholly
exercised in sapping the foundations of civil and religious liberty.

Another reason that engaged us to prefer the commercial mode of op-
position arose from an assurance that this mode will prove efficacious, if
it be pursued in with fidelity and virtue; and that your conduct will be
influenced by these laudable principles cannot be questioned. Your own
salvation, and that of our posterity, now depends upon yourselves.
You have already shewn that you entertain a proper sense of the blessings
you are striving to retain. Against the temporary inconveniencies you
may suffer from a stoppage of trade, you will weigh in the opposite bal-
ance the endless miseries you and your descendants must endure from
an established arbitrary power. You will not forget the honour of your
country, that must, from your behaviour, take its title, in the estima-
tion of the world, to glory, or to shame; and you will, with the deepest
attention, reflect, that if the peaceable mode of opposition recommended
by us is broken, and rendered ineffectual, as your cruel and haughty
animated enemies, from a contemptuous opinion of your firmness, in-
solently predict will be the case, you must inevitably be reduced to choose
either a more dangerous contest, or a final, ruinous, and infamous sub-
mission.

Motives thus cogent, arising from the emergency of your unhappy
condition, must excite your utmost diligence and zeal, to give all possible
strength and energy to the pacific measures calculated for your relief;
but we think ourselves bound, in duty, to observe to you, that the
schemes against theses colonies have been so conducted as to ren-
der it prudent that you should extend your views to the most unhappy
events, and be in all respects prepared for every contingency. Above
all things, we earnestly entreat you, with devotion of spirit, penitence
of heart, and amendment of life, to humble yourselves, and implore the
favour of Almighty God, and we fervently beseech his divine goodness
to take you into his gracious protection.

Mr. PINKNEY,
YOU are desired by the corresponding committee of Caroline county
to publish in your gazette the enclosed APOLOGY, made before them and
a great concourse of people by Mr. ANDREW LECKIE, merchant in
Portroyal. SAMUEL HAWES, junior, clerk of the committee.
To the corresponding COMMITTEE of CAROLINE county.

GENTLEMEN,
THE association is designed to assert and maintain the just and equitable
rights and privileges of his majesty’s subjects in America, which the
British parliament, by several late acts, aim to infringe; it is therefore highly
indecent and criminal, in any individual of whatever station, to cast any
reflections on the measure, as it is thought necessary, and is the general sense
of the gentlemen and good people in Virginia.

Notwithstanding these are my sentiments, it appears by the testimony of men
of character, on their oath, that immediately after colonel EDMUND
PENDELTON’s address to the people of Caroline, and the resolutions of the
association, were read to a company of people convened for the purpose of
acceding to the association, and of raising contributions for the town of Boston,

Column 2

I was so unguarded and impudent as to address myself to a negro boy who
was present in this indecent manner: “Piss, Jack, turn about, my boy, and
sign.” I confess the charge, and have no better excuse to offer for an expression
that appears to be so very contemptuous of measures which are generally ap-
proved than a natural and unhappy perverseness of temper, disgusted on that
occasion at the impropriety with which those papers were delivered,

There is another heavy charge I must answer to, the truth of which I
cannot pretend to dispute, as it is supported by the same kind of proof as the
first, namely, on oath of Mr. Samuel Hawes, junior; it is this: When he
(Mr. Hawes) applied to Mr. John Gray, merchant in Portroyal, who was
then in captain Edward Dixon’s store, for what money he would contribute
towards defraying the expences of the delegates, I was still more imprudent,
and said “damn them all!” How such words should escape from a person of
my sentiments, who have on so many occasions, both before and after the signing
of the association, became general, expressed myself as highly pleased with the
choice that was made of the gentlemen sent from this colony, I am even at this mo-
ment at a loss to conceive; and as there was nothing to inflame the constitutional
and unguarded warmth of my temper, I must suppose, and hope the public will
allow it probably, that I was either thinking of something else (as Mr. Hawed
says I was reading a newspaper) or that the words were spoken without
thought or meaning.

It is now my duty to atone, if possible, for a demeanour which has too much
the appearance of contempt of a measure concerted by a people contending for
what is dear to mankind, their rights and liberties: the least I can do is to
humbly ask pardon, of the associators in particular, and the friends of Ame-
rican freedom in general, which I voluntarily and sincerely do, in presence of
this assembly.

I am now to do justice to an individual, a gentleman of unblemished cha-
racter, and a worthy member of society, whom I have offended by propagating
a report of his having purchased, during the last association, some cloth, of a
price much bigger than that to which he was restricted, under some collusion
with his merchant agreeing to make an equivalent in some other ways, above
the limited price. The person accused of this law evasion is Mr. Walker
Taliaferro. I was not base enough to invent the story myself, but had it
from another person, and, on enquiry, being satisfied it is groundless, am ex-
tremely sorry for being instrumental in spreading it, and hope for his forgive-
ness.

Having made this open and candid confession of my folly, I hope to regain
the favour and good opinion of the public; and assurance of which would be
the greatest consolation I could have under the insupportable weight of public
censure and public hatred--------Caroline court day, October 13, 1774.
ANDREW LECKIE.

WILLIAMSBURG.

On Sunday morning last arrived here, from the general congress, the
honourable PEYTON RAMDOLPH, esquire, chairman thereof, colonel
RICHARD BLAND, and colonel BENJAMIN HARRISON, two of the
delegates from Virginia.

On Monday the 26th of September the grammar school at Nassau
Hall, in Princeton, New Jersey, was opened in presence of the president
and officers of the college; and Tuesday the 27th of that instant was
spent in voluntary competitions on many subjects. The first prize was
given to Mr. Charles Lee, of Virginia, for reading English with propriety
and grace, and answering questions on the construction, orthography, and
punctuation of the English language; also another prize for reading Latin
and Greek with particular attention to true quality; likewise two more
prizes, one of which was for pronouncing English orations with great
beauty and precision. This youth, it seams, is but 17 years of age; and
it is thought, by men of abilities, that he will shortly be one of the
greatest ornaments to this country.

The following is a copy of a letter addressed to James Montague, esquire,
of Urbanna, dated October 24, 1774:

SIR,
YOUR information from the committee of correspondence in Norfolk is
very true. There is a chest of tea consigned to me on board the Bland, cap-
tian Darby; but as it is far from my intention to do any thing that may pre-
judice or be disagreeable to the country, I pledge you my honour that the said
tea shall not be landed with my consent, and that I will give orders to have
the same returned to Britain by the ship it was imported in. This, I hope,
will be satisfactory. I am,
Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
SIMON FRASER.”

The Virginia, Howard Esten is arrived in James river.

On Friday, the 11th instant, will be published the
VIRGINIA ALMANACK for the year of our Lord 1775.

By his excellency the right honourable JOHN earl of DUNMORE, his
majesty’s lieutenant and governor general of Virginia, and vice admi-
ral of the same.
A PROCLAMATION.
VIRGINIA, to wit.
WHEREAS the general assembly stands prorogued to this day, but
it is necessary that they should be further prorogued; I have
therefore thought fit, by and with the consent and advice of the council,
by this proclamation, in his majesty’s name, to prorogue the said assem-
bly to MONDAY, the 7th of this month; at which time their attend-
ance is required at the capitol in the city of Williamsburg, for the dis-
patch of public business.

Given under my hand, and the seal of the colony, at Williamsburg
aforesaid, this 3d day of November, in the 15th year of his majesty’s
reign. DUNMORE.
God save the king.

Just imported, in the last ships from London, and to be sold by the sub-
scriber in Williamsburg, on reasonable terms,
A GENTEEL assortment of MILLINERY, LACES, Dresden
SUITS, SILKS, JEWELLERY, and sundry other articles, all
in the newest fashion. As I find it necessary to go for England in the
spring, it is hoped those ladies and gentlemen who have favoured me
with their orders, and have not discharged them, will be kind enough
to make payment as early as possible, that I may be enabled to put my
designs in execution; which will greatly add to the many obligations
already conferred on their humble servant, JANE CHARLTON.

THE subscriber intending for England, would be glad to dispose of
the house he now lives in, with the lot and other improvements
thereon: the situation is in the most public part of the city, and the
house well calculated for any business. To any person inclinable to
become a purchaser the payments will be made easy, on giving bond,
and good security; or it will be sold on an annuity, as may best suit the
parties. 3 EDWARD CHARLTON.

THE subscribers being engaged in the erection of a WOOLLEN and
WORSTED MANUFACTORY, have met with great encou-
ragement, by our worthy representatives, in their late convention which
we esteem as the most certain prelude of success; and being encouraged
by many of the most patriotic gentlemen of the country, have presumed
to ask the assistance of such persons as may incline to promote so beneficial
an undertaking. We have given security to repay in work all the money
any gentleman may advance for our encouragement, in the following
manner, viz, Half the price of our work to be received in cash, the
other half, form time to time, is to be placed to the credit of our ge-
nerous benefactors, till the whole is repaid; which will enable the sub-
scribers to carry on their business with life and spirit; who have, at at
great expence, sent to Great Britain for a number of the best workmen,
among whom there is to be a flocking weaver, which branch of business
will, if we meet with proper encouragement, be carefully attended to.
As our works will be very convenient to the counties of King William,
New Kent, and Henrico (being palced in the lower end of Hanover) we
hope their inhabitants in particular will favour us with their custom. To
the gentlemen who have subscribed we gratefully return our sincere and
warmest thanks, and entreat them, and others, who may incline to pro-
mote American manufactures, to favour us with their subscriptions as
soon as possible, as we are under the necessity to advance considerable
sums to compleat the works, and procure the necessary utensils. SUB-
SCRIPTIONS are taken, and the monies received, by Mr. Bartholamew
DANDRIDGE of New Kent, Major John Hickman of King William, Mr.
Willaim Duval, attorney, of Henrico, and in Hanover by the public’s
obliged, and very humble servants, ELISHA & ROBERT WHIYE.

WE, the subscribers will be responsible to the gentlemen who have or may
subscribe for the encouragement of Elisha and Robert White’s
WOOLLEN MANUFACTOORY, and do oblige ourselves that they
shall comply with their engagements to the subscribers or that they shall re-
turn the subscribers their money. Witness our hands this 15th day of August,
1774. SAMUEL MEREDITH,
BARRETT WHITE,
JOHN STARE,
RICHARD CHAPMAN. 3

Column 3

To be SOLD to the highest bidder, on Wednesday the 16th instant (Novem-
ber) at the plantation formerly in the possession of captain Thomas Holt,
deceased, in the county of Dinwiddie,

ALL the said Holt’s ESTATE, on the said plantation, consisting of
three NEGROES, stock of CATTLE, HORSES, SHEEP, and
HOGS, plantation UTENSILS, the crop of CORN, FODDER, &c.
Also to be sold, on Wednesday the 23rd of the same month, at the late
dwellinghouse of the said captain Thomas Holt, in Surry, near Cabin
Point,>/em> all his estate in the said county, consisting of seven or eight
NEGROES, among whom are a young fellow that is a good carter and
waterman, and a cooper, HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE,
stock of CATTLE, HORSES, SHEEP, and HOGS, the plantation
UTENSILS, the crop of CORN and FODDER, a small BOAT, a
SEINE, &amp.c. Those who purchase to the amount of 20s. is to have
credit till the 20th day of <em<November, 1775, on giving bond and good
security; and if their bonds are not discharged by the 1st of December>
following. They are to bear interest from their dates. HENRY COCKE, Administrator.

Whoever has any demands against captain Thomas Holt,deceased,
are desired to make known the nature and sum thereof, before or at the
days of sale; and those who are indebted are desired to make payment as
soon as possible. (5) H. C. AUGUST 4, 1774.

PURSUANT to a decree of the high court of chancery ofGreat Bri-
tain, the children of James Heny, who was the nephew of Hugh
Heny, late of the jewel office, in the tower of London, gentleman, who
died on the 10th of September, 1768, and the children of Eleanor and
Jane, sisters of the said Hugh Heny, deceased, are peremptorily to come
in and claim their shares of the clear residue of the personal estate of the
said Hugh Heny, deceased, before Thomas Harris, esquire, one of the
masters of the said court, at his chambers in Lincoln’s Inn, London, be-
fore the 25th day of March next; or, in default thereof, they will be
excluded the benefit of the said decree. [Three weeks]

For the information of all whom it may concern,
I give this public notice, that JAMES M^cDONALD (or M^cDANIEL)
labourer, EDWARD SWENEY, butcher, EDWARD LUPTON, shoe-
maker, and PATRICK RYAN, were, on the 17th of this present
month, brought to the bar of the general court, then sitting, to take
their trials for a supposed murder, by them committed in Pittsylvania
county, where they were apprehended. Ryan was sworn as a witness,
and the other three being convicted of manslaughter, were burnt in the hand.

It appearing to the court that they were accused of a certain felony in
the province of North Carolina, they were remanded to gaol. They were
transported to this country as convicts, and have been in possession of
Mr. John Hook, merchant in Bedford, who sold or consigned them to
Messieurs Chambers and Montgomery, merchants in Salsbury, North
Carolina, whence they fled from justice.

M^cDonald, or M^cDaniel, is 20 years old, has short, brown , curled
hair, a thin visage, blue eyes, is of a slender make, and about 5 feet 4
inches high.

Sweney is of M^cDonald’s height, 32 years old, has short dark hair,
blue eyes, a down-cast look, and is well made.

Lupton is 25 years old, has dark short hair, blue eyes, is long visaged,
of a slender make, 5 feet 10 inches high, and is a very saucy, imperti-
nent fellow,

Ryan is 25 years old, has dark short hair, is long visaged,
has a full beard, and is 5 feet 4 inches high. They are all Irishmen.

I shall be ready to deliver them to any person or persons who may make
a proper application to PETER PELHAM,
Williamsburg, Oct. 27, 1774. Keeper of the public gaol.

To be SOLD, at the Rockey Ridge, to the highest bidder, for ready
money, on the 10th day of November,
TWENTY FIVE VIRGINIA BORN
SLAVES.

To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, for ready money, or tobacco, on Mon-
day the 14th of November, at Louisa courthouse, being court day,
A TRACT of LAND, lying on <Cuffy’s Creek, containing by esti-
mation 590 acres. This land was purchased by William Temple of
the executors of John Ragland, deceased, and by him sold toBenjamin
Pynes, and is now offered for sale by virtue of a deed of trust from said
Pynes, to OVERTON COSBY and company.

To be SOLD, pursuant to an act of assembly, on Monday the 5th ofDe-
cember next, being Prince William court day, at the courthouse, in the
town of Dumfries,
THE GLEBE LANDS of Dettingen Parish, in the said county, ad-
joining Westwood, the seat of the reverend Mr. James Scott, the
present incumbent, situate on Quantico Run, about 9 miles fromDum-
fries and Aquia. The soil is good for wheat or tobacco; and there may
be got some meadow on the same. Six months credit will be given by
3 THE CHURCHWARDENS.

For LONDON,
THE ship Bland, Michael Danby, master, now lying at Norfolk, has
two thirds of her cargo engaged, will take in tobacco, on liberty
of consignment, at 8l. sterling per ton, has good accommodations for
passengers, and will sail by the 15th of November. Notes, or orders, left
with Mr. Thomas Gordon, merchant in Petersburg, Mr. George Lorimore,
merchant in Urbanna, Mr. Gavin Hamilton, merchant in Norfolk, or the
master on board, will be particularly attended to. October 23, 1774.

Run away from on board a small schooner, called the Kinsgton, just
below Four Mile Creek, a tall., slim, thin visaged man, who goes
by the name of William Griffin; had on a black yarn waistcoat, and a
wilton one under it, a check shirt, and oznabrig trousers. He has very
sore legs. Took out of my chest a pocket book, containing eight or
ten pounds in cash, a silver stockbuckle, a broach, and a note of hand
fromGodfrey Walker, at Richmond, for 2l. 9s. 9d. Whoever will take
up the said fellow, and bring him to me, in Warwick county, near the
courthouse, or commit him to the great gaol, shall receive FIVE
POUNDS. (3) PETER RIDLEY.

TAKEN up, in Louise, a chestnut sorrel mare, about 4 feet, 6 inches
and an half high, has a switch tail, and hanging mane, some saddle
spots, branded on the near buttock I G, and is about 5 or 6 years old.
Posted, and appraised to 12l. {) THOMSAS JOHNSON, Minor.

TAKEN up, in Spotsylvania, a young bay horse, about 4 feet 4 inches
high, about three years old, and branded on the near buttock T T.
Posted, and appraised to 7l. () JOSEPH ALLEN.

Just IMPORTED, to be SOLD by the subscriber, in Williamsburg,
THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES, VIZ.
IRISH linens, dark grounded fine Irish callicoes, white sattin, mini-
onet, blond, and black lace, silk petticoats, sattin, stuff, and Dids-
bury leather shoes, gauze, catgut, and ribbands, silk cotton, and thread
stockings, shenell of all colours, net hoods, patent net ditto, and
aprons, tambour sword knots, gilt and other writing paper, under, wor-
sted, and thread stockings, a large assortment of ladies elegant caps, fine
Irish garters, and wafers, black silk patterns, violet hair powder, powder
puffs, and hair pins, fine lawn and silk pocket handkerchiefs, wash balls,
white and coloured trimmings for ladies sacks, [illegible; faded] sashes and
broaches, sattin cloaks, hats, and bonnets, Dresden>/em> worked ruffles,
childrens stockings, shaving powder, fans, French beads, silk gloves and
mits, childrens shoes and stays, flannel waistcoats, new roesebags, paste
necklaces and earrings, ditto sprigs and pins, pearl, garnet, paste and
plain gold lockets, sets of paste buttons for ladies stomachers and sleeve
knots, foilstone, paste, silver, pinchback, and mourning buckles, paste
and silver stock and knee buckles, gold and pebble sleeve buttons, coral
and bells, silver teaspoons, salt shovels, punch ladles, tea tongs, and
thimbles, ladies riding hats and whips, toothpick cases, inside and out-
side tooth brushes, pruning, office, pen, and traveling knives, printing
types, with double sets of letters and figures, seals and trinkets, watch
chains, strings, and keys, diamond pencils, sword canes and rattans,
cotton night caps and hair nets, with laces, dolls, and toys, and many
other things too numerous to insert. The above GOODS to be sold
on reasonable terms for ready money. C. RATHELL.

NORFOLK, April 21, 1774. NOTICE is hereby given, that a number of vessels
will be wanted this summer to bring about 6000
tons of stone from Mr. Brooke’s quarry, on Rappahan-
nock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the light-
house. Any person inclinable to engage in such work
are desired to treat with Matthew Phripp, Paul Loyall,
and Thomas Newton, junior, esquires. The directors
of the lighthouse will also be glad to purchase one or
two flat bottomed vessels from 80 to 120 tons burthen. Tf BASSETT MOSELEY.

Column 1

Doctor JOSEPH DE SABBE,
LATELY ARRIIVED IN WILLIAMSBURG,
OFFERS his best services to all persons who may be afflicted with
any disorders incident to the human frame. Without pleading
infallibility, or a superior degree of knowledge to many others of his
profession, he thinks it necessary to acquaint the public, as being almost
a stranger here, that after many years practice in the principal parts of
France, and several years experience in America,>/em> he can venture to boast
his skill in the following disorders, to wit,- - -The JAUNDICE of any
kind, AGUE and FEVER, BLOODY FLUX, violent LAX, UL-
CERS, of the most malignant nature, SCURVY, GRAVEL, WEAK-
NESS of the EYES, the cure of the FILM, CONSUMPTION,
&c. &c. &c. Those who please to favour him with their commands
may rely on the strictest attendance being given, and the utmost care
taken of them.

PETER HARDY,
In BOTETOURT TOWN,
GLOUCESTER COUNTY,
CARRIES on the COACH and CHAIR MAKING
BUSINESS, in all its various branches, and upon the most rea-
sonable terms. PAINTING, JAPANNING, and GILDING, are
done in the neatest and most elegant manner. The most grateful ac-
knowledgements will be made to all those who may please to entrust him
with their commands. A WHEELWRIGHT, and two CHAIR-
MAKERS, are immediately wanting; to whom he will give good en-
couragement, if they be discreet, and diligent in their business.

To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, at Belvoir, on Potomack river, the
late seat of the honourable George William Fairfax, esquire, on Monday
the 5th of December next,
ALL the genteel FURNITURE of two rooms, and KITCHEN
FURNITURE, eight or ten HORSES, all his stock of HOGS,
and part of his CATTLE and SHEEP, together with the PLANTA-
TION UTENSILS, three WAGGONS, and fifty BARRELS of
FISH. Purchasers of more than five pounds will have credit till the
15th day of August next, on giving bond, with approved security, paying
interest from the date, if the principal should not be discharged within
forty days after it becomes due. At the same time and place will be
rented, to the highest bidder, a small PLANTATION, for one year,
and two very fine FISHERIES, for a term of years; the MANSION
HOUSE, OUT HOUSES, GARDEN, ORCHARDS, and PLAN-
TATION, with a sufficient quantity of LAND to suit the tenant,
will also be for a term of years. Any person inclinable may rent the
dwellinghouse before the date of sale, and know the terms by applying to 5 FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.

To be SOLD, for ready money, by the executors of Newton Keene, deceased,
pursuant to his last will, by public auction, to the highest bidder, on
Monday the 19th of November next, if fair, otherwise this next fair
day, at the place called Newgate, in the county of Loudoun,
A TRACT of valuable LAND, lying in the said county, adjoining
to the said place called Newgate, and partly bounded by the Moun-
tain road, containing about 1400 acres; about 100 acres whereof are
under a lease for one or two lives, at a small yearly rent. There is only
one small planation, and but very little ground cleared thereon. It
has a considerable quantity of ground upon it, fit for improving into
meadow, and is extremely well watered and timbered. This land is
very conveniently situated, being only 25 miles from Alexandria, 23 from
Dumfries, and 18 from Colchester, and has a merchant mill within less
than a mile of it. Newgate is a very public place, and well situated for
trade and public house keeping. Deeds will be executed on the day of the sale.
There will also be sold, by the said executors, for ready money, at public
sale, onMonday the 9th of January next, if fair, otherwise the next
fair day, at the late dwelling plantation of the said Newton Keene, in
Northumberland county, TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born
NEGROES,
BELONGING TO HIS ESTATE. 7 RICHARD LEE, DAVID BOYD, Executors

STRAYED, or stolen, from the subscriber, in Williamsburg, a small,
unbroke, sorrel mare, 3 years old next spring, neither docked or
branded; I believe she has a small star in her forehead. Whoever de-
livers her to me shall have TEN SHILLINGS reward; if stolen upon
conviction of the thief, FORTY SHILLINGS will be given. WILLIAM BLAND.

THE death of Mr. Hugh M^cMekin, late ofNorfolk, renders it ab
solutely necessary that the business carried on by him there, by
Mr.Matthew Anderson in King & Queen, and by Mr. Christopher Pryor
at Gloucester</em,> courthouse, be discontinued. All persons, therefore, who
are indebted for dealings with either of these gentlemen, on account of
Messeurs John M^cDonald and company, of Glasgow, are earnestly re-
quested to discharge their respective balances immediately. Those who
have it not in their power to make payment will, it is expected, grant
bond. Messeurs Anderson and Pryor will give constant attendance for
that purpose, who are authorized to receive and grant discharges. The
goods on hand at King & Queen and Gloucester courthouse, amounting to
about 1500l. sterling, will be sold, and the time of payment made as easy
to the purchaser as the hardness of the times will admit of. As most of
these goods were imported last spring, they are fresh, look well, and are
tolerably well assorted. There are likewise on hand a cargo of goods,
adapted for the present season, just imported in the Bland, captain Dan-
by, from London, and Juno, captainMcCunn, from Glasgow,</e,> amounting
to between 1000l. and 1200l. sterling. For terms apply to Messeurs
John Johnson and Archibald Gowan at Page’s, Mr. Simon Fraser at Ur-
banna, Mr. Matthew Anderson in King & Queen, or to
BENNETT BROWNE, Attorney in fact
6 For Messeurs JOHN M^cDOWELL and company,

DUMFRIES, October 5, 1774. THE subscriber has for sale a parcel of mens and womens LEATHER
and CALIMANCO SHOES, to the amount of about 250l.
sterling, well sorted in casks of about 30l. sterling each; also some
NEGRO SHOES, which will be disposed of on very reasonable terms. A. CAMPBELL.

JAMES GEDDY,
GOLDSMITH,
NEAR THE CHURCH, WILLIAMSBURG,
HAS just imported from London a genteel assortment of PLATE
and JEWELLERY; he has likewise on hand all sorts of
country made GOLD and SILVERWORK, which he will sell
at lower rates than usual. - - - Old SILVER taken in exchange for new
work, at 7s. per ounce, and GOLD at 5l. 5s. - - -He repairs his own
work, that fails in a reasonable time, without any expence to the pur-
chaser. 4

WILLIAMSBURG, September 6, 1774.I BEG leave to inform the public, and particularly those gentlemen who
were pleased to take my subscription papers to their respective coun-
ties, to raise a small sum of money for the encouragement of making salt,
that after viewing many places on this and the other side of the bay, and
on the sea coast of the Eastern Shore, I have now fixed on a convenient
spot, on the coast, for erecting proper works; and as nothing more can
be done on my part, without money, I must beg the favour of them to
forward such sums, as they may be able to collect, to Ro. C. Nicholas,
esquire, who is so kind as to take the trouble of receiving and paying the
money out to me. Proper security shall be lodged in his hands for any
sum that I may draw. The certainty of my being able to make salt as
good as any whatever is hardly to be doubted, from the several experiments
which I have made, and which are pretty fully certified by gentlemen of
veracity, whose certificates will be lodged in the hands of Mr. Nicholas.
The gentlemen will readily see the necessity I am under of requesting
speedy assistance, when I inform them that I have for some time past de-
voted my whole attention to this business, and given over every pursuit
from whence my family might have derived any advantage, and that, in
order to put the works in as great forwardness as it was in my power, I
have incurred a considerable expence, and been obliged to contract for
some of the necessary materials. JAMES TAIT.

WILLIAMSBURG, October 13, 1774. AT the request of Mr. JAMES TAIT, I do hereby certify, that he
hath lodged in my hands his bond, with such securities as, I am per-
suaded, will be approved, for his diligent and expeditious prosecution of his
scheme of making SALT, and a faithful application and expenditure of all
such sums of money as may be contributed for so desirable a purpose. He is
extremely anxious to enter upon the work, and flatters himself that he will be
enabled to do it very speedily from the assurances he received of being supported
by a generous assistance from different counties. RO. C. NICHOLAS.

Column 2

VIRGINIA, &c.
At a GENERAL COURT, held at the CAPITOL, the 19th day of
October, 1774,
THIS court being unable to proceed further upon business, by reason
of the non-attendance of the lawyers, suitors, and witnesses, it
is ordered, that the court be adjourned till the 10th day of April next.
BEN: WALLER.

To be SOLD, and entered upon at Christmas next,
THE HOUSES and LOTS in Hanover town, at present in the
possession of Mr. John Meriweather, who keeps tavern in them.
They are well situated for that purpose, having every convenient house,
together with a good stable, and large garden, and lie in the most public
part of the town, being on the main street that leads to Page’s warehouse
and the bridge. There have generally been six or eight borders at the
house. Its situation is equally good for a store. A convenient time of
payment will be allowed. For terms apply to JOHN JOHNSON, ARCHIBALD GOVAN.

The building of an elegant WOODEN COURTHOUSE for
Halifax county will be let, to the lowest bidder, at the place where
the courthouse now stands, on the 1st day of November next. The terms
of building, and plan, will be shewn that day by ROBERT WOODING, WALTER COLES, GEORGE BOYD. JOHN COLEMAN.

At the same time and place the building a genteel DWELLING-
HOUSE, to stand near the said courthouse, will also be let, to the
lowest bidder, by ROBERT WOODING.

RUN away from the subscriber, in Fredericksburg, a servant man
named TAOMAS OGLE, by trade a shoemaker, about 5 or 6
inches high, of a pale complexion, speaks soft and low, says he is an
Englishman, but by his make he appears to be an Irishman, his hair (if
any on) is short, and of a brownish colour, has a scar in his face, or
forehead, not larger than a straw, and, as well as I remember, about an
inch long, he is very artful, and capable of imposing on most people;
took with him a Virginia cloth coat of cotton, filled with red, a red
jacket, leather breeches, and several other cloaths. He has a burn on
his right leg, near his knee. The said fellow was formerly the property
of Mr. Hugh Houston, of Fredericksburg, Whoever take shim up, if out
of Spotsylvania county, shall receive a HALF JOE reward, on delivering
him at my house; or if at a distance too far to convey for that mo-
ney, reasonable charges will be allowed. BENJAMIN JOHNSTON.

RUN away, about the middle of September, a negro fellow named
JACK, about 35 years old, and about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high,
blind of one eye, and is cloathed as negroes generally are. TEN SHIL-
LINGS will be given to any person that will bring him to me, near
Williamsburg. ANDREW ESTAVE.

To be SOLD, by public vendue, at Camden, the sale to begin on Monday
the 7th of November next, being the time of the court there, to continue
from day to day until the whole are sold,
ALL the valuable lands, stores, houses, mills, boats, wagons, horses,
and stock of store goods, with about 100 as valuable negroes as
any in this province, being chiefly coopers, millers, bakers, waggoners,
jobbing carpenters, boatmen, and field slaves, belonging to the last part-
nership of Kershaws, Chestunt,company, of Camden, which expired
with the month of April last.

The town of Camden being regularly laid out into large and commodious
lots for building upon, will be sold in separate lots to the highest bidder;
every purchaser to make choice of a lot as it is knocked off, excepting
such lots as are already improved. The healthy and advantageous situati-
on of Camden for trade, with the promising prospect of its soon becoming
the most considerable inland town in this part of America, are well known,
and need not be enlarged upon.

Their lands, consisting of many thousand acres, lying chiefly upon the
Wateree river and its branches, among which are many settled and well
improved plantations, a great part whereof is rich river low ground as
any in America, will be set up, in convenient tracts, from one hundred to
one or two thousand acres, so as to accommodate purchasers of all ranks.

Their saw and grist mills, which no cost has been spared to make as
compleat as any on the continent, will be set up with the necessary lands
adjoining.

At the same time and place will be sold, their commodious and well
situated stores at
Granby, on the Congaree river, where their business is
carried on under the firm of
John Chestnut and company.

On Wednesday the 16th of November next, and the following days,
at the courthouse at Long Bluff, will be sold, that valuable plantation
called Liberty Hill, and all their other lands at and near Cheraw Hill, on
Peedee river, together with their stores, houses, mills, remaining stock
of store goods, and about 50 valuable negroes, employed in carrying on
their business at Chatham, under the firm of Ely Kershaaw and company.

The whole being to be sold in order to make a final settlement of the
copartnership which lately subsisted between the subscribers. Twelve
months credit will be given, if required, upon all sums above 100l. on
paying interest from the day of sale, giving such security as shall be ap-
proved of by JOSEPH KERSHAW, JOHN CHESTNUT, ELY KERSHAEW, WILLISAM ANCRUM, AARON LOOCOCK.

**Any person inclinable to purchase any of their lands or lots at
Camden, already built upon, may have them at private sale.

A list of their lands, with plats annexed, as also a plan of the town of
Camden, may be seen in the hands of any of the said late copartners.

All persons indebted to them at any of their stores above mentioned,
or in Charlestown, are desired to take notice of that their accounts, bonds,
or notes, must be discharged in the course of the ensuing fall, as no
longer indulgence can be given.

NORFOLK October 4, 1774. THE directors of the LIGHTHOUSE are desirous to engage imme-
diately with some person to carry a quantity of stone from Cape
Henry to the place whereon the lighthouse is to be fixed, about one mile
and a half distance. tf BASSETT MOSELEY.

THERE is remaining in Byrd’s warehouse, Henrico county, a
hogshead of TOBACCO, marked M W G, No. 1, weighing
912 gross, 107 tare, 805 neat. The owner’s name is not known. It
was inspected July 1, in the year 1771, and will be sold according to
law, if no owner claims it within the limited time. 4 SAMUEL and ROBERT PRICE.

RUN away from the subscriber, lying on Byrd Creek, in Goochland
county,on Saturday the 9th of July, SAMUEL GREGORY,
alias NAILING, an apprentice, about 18 years of age, swarthy com-
plexion, thin visage, grey eyes, a down, inoffensive look, shews his teeth
much when he laughs, has short sandy coloured hair, round shouldered,
and stoops in his walk; had on an oznabrig shirt and trowsers. I have
been credibly informed he went to Loudon county, or some of the coun-
ties adjacent. I expect he will employ himself in the carpenter’s busi-
ness, as he has been in that branch for 3 years past. Whoever brings
him to me shall have FIVE POUNDS. tf TURNER ANDERSON.

RUN away from the subscriber, living in Nansemond county, near
Suffolk town, a negro woman named MILLA, who has been absent
ever since the year 1768; she has a scar upon the back part of each of
her hands, near her little fingers, and another on the top of one of her
feet, is about 4 feet 6 inches high, and about 20 years old. I am told
she has been in Norfolk; and I am also informed that at the house of Mr.
Thomas Husk, between Rappahannock and Potowmack rivers, there is a
wench that calls herself free Milla, who may probably be the same.
TEN POUNDS will be given to the person who will bring her to JOHN HARRISON, junior.

RUN away from the subscriber, about the 20th of April last, a mu-
latto fellow named PETER BROWN. A painter by trade, but can
do carpenter’s work; he is 35 or 40 years of age, of a dark complexion,
5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, slim made, has a thin visage, several of his
upper foreteeth are out, is fond of singing, which he can do very well,
and is a remarkable fine whistler. The said fellow has several suites of
cloaths, therefore I cannot describe his dress. He was some years past
tried for a robbery, but obtained the governor’s pardon, on suffering one
year’s imprisonment; after that he was sold to Mr. John Fox, of Glou-
cester, with whom he lived one or two years; he then run away, and
passed for a free man in the counties of King William, Caroline, and Ha-
nover, where he was taken up and brought home. As he has a wife at
Mr. Benjamin Hubbard’s, it is likely he may be lurking it that neigh-
bourhood; and as he was raised in Petersburg, it is probable he may be
about there. Whoever will take up the said runaway, and deliver him
to me, at Osborne’s shall receive FORTY SHILLINGS reward. All
persons are forbid harbouring or carrying him out of the colony. PETERFIELD TRENT.

Column 3

TAKEN up, in Northumberland, a dark, iron grey mare, about 7 years
old, 4 feet inches high, not branded, has 3 saddle spots, one of
them very large. Posted, and appraised to 5l. 10s. () GEORGE OLDHAM.

TAKEN up, in the Second Forks of Hanover, a bay horse, 4 feet 1
inch high, has a star in his forehead, some white spots on his fore
legs and breast, and some saddle spots, branded on the near buttock W,
and on the near shoulder 8, has a roach mane and switch tail, and is
about 9 years old. Posted, and appraised to 4l. ( ) PETER GOODWIN.

THERE have been three HOGSHEADS of TOBACCO lying in Hun-
gar’s warehouse upwards of three years. One of them was brought to
inspection by Mr. Devareux Godwin, marked D G, another by Mr. Thomas
Petit, marked T P, and the other by Mr. Thomas Bill, , marked T B. WILLIAM NOTTINGHAM.

FALMOUTH, October 11, 1774. I INTEND to leave the colony immediately. (3)ROBERT LAWSON.

THURSDAY, December 4, 1766.

ORDERED, that the clerks of the several county courts in this
colony do transmit to the clerk of this house, in the first part of
every meeting of the GENERAL ASSEMBLY, a list of the tithables;
in their counties, containing the names of such tithables; and that they
transmit also, at the same time, a list of the public charges of their
respective counties;
Ordered, that the clerk of this house do cause the same to be published
in the Virginia gazette,

BY THE HOUSE OF BURGESSES,
G. WYTHE, C. H. B.

PORT ROYAL, September 22, 1774.

WHEREAS by a decree of the honourable the general court, April
the 13th, 1772, in a suit in chancery, Edward Dixon and others,
complainants, against Thomas Turner and others, defendants, in consi-
deration of the reports made and returned, and the order of his majesty
and his privy council, it is, among other things, decreed and ordered,
that the said Thomas Turner, and the said Edward Dixon, and his chil-
dren, pay the balance of certain debts and costs, in the said decree men-
tioned and referred to, in proportion to the value of the estates which
they took under the will and codicil of Thomas Turner, the testator, in
the said decree likewise mentioned, and that the said >Edward Dixon, and
Thomas Turner, if they shall think fit, sell so many of the slaves divised
to them respectively, and the children of the said Edward, by the will
of the said testator, as will raise money sufficient to pay and discharge
their proportions of the said debts and costs, as by the said decree may
particularly appear. And whereas the proportion of the said debts and
costs, for which the said Edward and his children were made responsible
by the said decree, amount to about 3000l. current money, the said
Edward Dixon proposes to offer for sale, to the highest bidder, for ready
money only about 100 entailed SLAVES, devised to him and his chil-
dren as aforesaid; the sale to begin at his planation, near Burk’s Bridge,
in Caroline county, on the 4th day of November next ensuing, and at his
plantation, near the Mount church, in the said county; also at Port
Mountains, in Fauquier county, on the 18th day of the same month.
The said sale is to be continued till as much money can be raised as will
amount to the proportion aforesaid. If either of the days aforesaid should
prove bad, the sales to be on the next succeeding fair days. A good
title will be made to the purchasers, agreeable to the said decree, by

EDWARD DIXON.

N. B. As I am giving up trade, I request of all those, whose ac-
counts are unsettled on my books, to come and settle them immediately,
and pay the balances that are due, as no longer indulgence can be given.

PURSUANT to a decree of the honourable the general court, and by
letter of attorney from colonel George Mercer, of Virginia, now in
London, will be sold at public auction about 3500 acres of LAND,
in the county of Loudon, near West’s ordinary, about 12 miles from
Leesburg, 40 from Alexandria, and 35 from Dumfries, on Potowmack.
This land is well known by the description of the Bull Run Mountains,
and is very fertile. Also 6500 acres on Shanandoah river, in the county
of Frederick, opposite to Snicker’s ordinary, and binding on the river
about 7 miles. As this tract is part of a survey, one of the first in that
part of the colony, its quality cannot be questioned; it is well watered,
will admit of 2 mills on land streams, and others on the river. There
are now in it 6 plantations, well improved for cropping, 110 slaves, and
very large and choice stocks of horses (some of the dray breed) black cat-
tle, hogs, and sheep, which, together with the crops of corn and wheat
now growing (expected to be upwards of 2000 barrels, and 5000 bushels)
will be sold, on the premises, on the 24th of November< next, or next
day of the same month, and both tracts laid off in lots to suit every pur-
chaser, who may see them by applying to Mr. Francis Peyton, living near
the Loudon lands, and Mr. William Dawson, who resides on the Shanan-
doah tract. Among the slaves are 2 good blacksmiths, 2 carpenters, and
an exceeding trusty and skillful waggoner. The aged black cattle and
grown hogs will be fattened for slaughter. Purchasers above 25l. will be
allowed credit for 12 months, on giving bond and security to the sub-
scribers, who will be prepared to make conveyances.

tf JOHN TAYLOE,
GEORGE WASHINGTON.

NEW YORK, July 27, 1774.
FIFTY POUNDS REWARD.
WHEREAS on the 19th of June last past a certain JOSEPH
THORP was entrusted with a considerable sum in half jo-
hannes, of nine penny weight, to be delivered by him at Que beck and as
he has not yet made his appearance there, with other suspicious circum-
stances, it is apprehended he is gone off with the money. He is a native
of England, about 6 feet high, swarthy complexion, very dark, keen
eyes, and pitted with the small pox, of a slender make, stoops as he walks,
talks rather slow, and has some small impediment in his speech. He
lived some time in Boston, from whence he removed to Quebec, assuming
the character of a merchant in both places; he was also once in trade
in Newcastle, Virginia, and has a brother settled there. It is believed
he went on board captain John F. Pruym, for Albany, and took with
him a blue Casmir, and a dark brown cloth suit of clothes. Whoever se-
cures the said Joseph Thorp in any of his majesty’s gaols on this continent
shall be entitled to ten per cent. on the sum recovered, and the above
reward of 50l. when convicted. Apply to Cuson and <em<Seton of New York,
Joseph Wharton, junior, of Philadelphia, Robert Christie of Baltimore,
James Gibson and company of Virginia, John Bondfield of Quebec, Me-
latiah Bourne, or John Rowe, of Boston. It is requested of those who
may have seen this since the 19th of June last past, or
know any thing of the rout he has taken, that they convey the most
early intelligence thereof to any of the above persons, orGreenwood, Rit-
son, and Marsh,<./em> in Norfolk, or to Mr. Robert Pleasants and company, at
Four Mile creek, Henrico county; the favour will be gratefully acknow-
ledged. All masters of vessels are forewarned from taking him off the
continent.

FOR SALE,
NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land, lying
on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa, with
three plantations thereon, two of which has sufficient
houses for overseers and negroes; the other is improved
with all necessary buildings, and orchards of all kinds,
fit for the reception of a gentleman, the houses being
finished in the best manner. This tract is well timbered
and watered, lies within 32 miles of Fredericksburg, and
43 of Page’s warehouse; there are at least 400 acres of
low grounds, of the best soil, 300 of which are now to
cut. The three plantations are under good fences, and
in good order to work 12 or 15 hands. Robert Flem-
ing, John Massey, and John Lain, are now in possession
of the plantations, who will shew the land to any person
inclinable to purchase, and Major Thomas Johnson will
agree with them for the price. The above tract is esteem-
ed the most valuable land in Louisa for growing corn, wheat,
or tobacco, and situated in the best range for stock of any
below the great mountains. (tf 1* )

WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second-
hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight
each. Any person having such for sale are desired to
make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk. T.f BASSETT MOSELEY.