Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation

The Virginia Gazette. Number 449, Thursday December 15, 1774

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The Virginia Gazette. Number 449, Thursday December 15, 1774

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THE
VIRGINIA GAZETTE.
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1774. NUMBER 449.

OPEN TO ALL PARTIES, BUT INFLUENCED BY NONE

WILLIAMSBURG: PRINTED BY JOHN PINKNEY,
FOR THE BENEFIT OF CLEMENTINA RIND”S CHILDREN.

All Persons may be supplied with the GAZETTE at 12s 6d a Year. ADVERTISEMENTS, of a moderate Length, are inserted for 3s. the first Week
and 2s. each Time after; long ones in Proportion.------PRINTING WORK, of every Kind, executed with Care and Dispatch.

MR. PINKNEY,
GIVE the following a place in your paper, and you
will much oblige
A FRIEND.
GIVE THE DEVIL HIS DUE.

THE Stratton Major wits of late have shone
conspicuous in your papers; the first remarked
for his new muse, the second for abuse and
filthiness. I will content myself briefly to re-
late in prose, within the confines of truth, a
state of our present unhappy situation; but first let me
observe on the author of the dialogue, and then make
an observation or two on the Enemy to Nonsense: The
author of the dialogue has made but one mistake, and
that is, when he says the pardon had leave granted him
to be absent eighteen months, and paid besides. The
truth of the case is this: The pardon had leave to be
absent twelve months, and received his salary as usual;
he then petitioned for six more, which were also granted.
During the last six months the reverend Mr. Dixon offi-
ciated once a fortnight, and was paid accordingly.
About two months after the expiration of the six our
reverend parson appeared, and for the last two months
he was actually paid; that, in the whole, he was absent
about twenty months, and paid for fourteen. Now,
Mr. fault-finder, you enemy to nonsense, you lame veri-
fier, let us see how you measure!

And ev’ry chap, quite void of sense,
Whose only merit’s impudence,
And fortune, not a single sixpence.
Try your last line; that is done. Now try your sense.
May I – May you, by magic spell,
Dear parson, sink me down to Hell!

Learn, sir, first to confute others knowledge before
you confirm your own. You must be the dunce for not
knowing that prose and verse might be blended with pro-
priety. Know that poesies have coupled together, two
or three kinds, as the tragical and comical, whereupon
is risen the tragi-comical. Some have mingled prose and
verse, as Boetius, who, though antient, is still esteemed
an author of high renown; others, matters heroical and
pastoral; for if they be good when severed, the conjunction
cannot be hurtful; and I wish I could say for you that
you had made but one error, but I may say, with pro-
priety, that yours contains more falsehoods than one.
But now to proceed: We have at this time eleven vestry-
men, who, in justification of themselves, are so opinionated
that it is in vain to say they do wrong; they cannot or
will not be convinced. If they set acts of assembly aside,
they justify it, by saying the parish is not injured. If,
through their liberality, the parson is benefited, and the
people oppressed, they are not to complain, because they
themselves are sufferers also. If, through inattention,
mixed with stupidity, parish matters are neglected, no
complaint must be made; their decisive and knock-him-
down argument is, that they have a right to do as they
please. Their second reason in itself seems good, but when it is
known there be many amongst them, their debts being
paid, would not be worth a shilling, and that others
swallow the bait of flattery greedily, and content them-
selves with being thought men of importance, it will
have then, I presume, no more weight than the first and
last. It is certain that if a vestry should be vile enough
(and it is my opinion this is) that by their authority the
collector has a right to put his hand into my pocket and
to take from thence money without my consent, which is
oppression to the highest degree, more especially as there
is not one man now in our vestry who was chose by the
people; that therein we have no representative, and to
be taxed without representation is agreed, on all sides,
to be unconstitutional, and proves that our act of assem-
ly is defective in not having the vestries dissolved in a
certain number of years. Let us be oppressed ever so
much, we have but two remedies, the first by drawing
up an humble petition to the house of burgesses, which
often proves tedious; the second by refusing to pay the
money unjustly levied on us, which perhaps might prove
destructive to our property, and dangerous in the end.
This vestry would be unworthy of notice, did they not
deprive us of our property unjustly; and tell me where
is the difference, whether oppression originates at home
or from abroad: It is oppression still. Shall we, when
we boast of liberty which our brave ancestors
brought over with them, and bequeathed to us, with
these our native shores, purchased of the savages by their
victorious arms, and at the risk of their lives, and then
handed to us their swords, while smoking with savage
blood, shall we grasp them, and suffer oppression: I say
no, whether it be internal or external.

Quere, agreeable to be the morro, will not the Devil get
this vestry: HOSTIS SUM NEMINI.

Colum 2

MR. PINKNEY,

PLEASE to insert in your next the lines below, in
answer to the
ENEMY to NONSENSE.

WHAT cou’d possess you, effeminate BEN,
To quit the tea cup, and take up your pen?
Was it to tell thy vast, immense estate,
Or shew the thickness of thy shallow pate?
To honour, too, you make but vain pretence;
And sure, a- -e, dunce, and once, don’t prove your sense.
First pay thy debts, and you’ll easily see
Who is the man of worth, sir, you or me!
Thy worth is little, thy honour much less,
You’ve nothing to boast but your paltry dress.
To prove, as I say, that honour you’ve none,
I’ll do it truly, sir, just for my fun:
Deny-I’ll swear, by the king of Morocco,
You said you’d give a hogshead of tobacco-
For what? Why for one single pound of tea,
That was wasted o’er the most distant sea.
Go to thy friends SAM, he will mend your verse;
As it is, it’s not worth a single curse.
An enemy to nonsense you declare;
Leave out the non, you’re right, that I will swear.
A vestryman thou art, ‘tis very true,
The last choice in by the infernal crew;
If thou had been with virtue, honour, fraught,
By them you’d been most surely set at nought;
And now there be not one to compleat the set,
For reason given they’ll wait for C – s – s yet.
Sure if he has virtue, and honour too,
he ne’er will herd with such a set as you.
Farewell, friend BEN, and know this twenty ninth line
Doth end with the name of the author of this rhyme.

A PORTRAIT of the honourable CHARLES FOX,
son of the late lord HOLLAND, generally distinguished
by the name of the YOUNG CUB.

THE use of this quaint nick-name will be forgiven
when it is considered that the person has been
long known by it in the public prints, which have teemed
much with panegyric and with scandal on him. When
Heaven has bestowed the noblest principles, the most ex-
tensive abilities on a man, it is truly to be lamented that
the prejudices of education should corrupt or confine
them. When those powers of the soul which seem pointed
by a providentially direction to act in a public sphere, in
the most beneficial manner, are by the absurdity of human
politics wrested out of their intent, and blindly directed
to answer the contrary purpose, we behold the perver-
sion with compassion, but detestation follows the cause.
The honourable subject of this essay was born with the
advantageous gifts of nature about him; the least polish
produced a vein of the utmost richness; and before man-
hood began, the powers of his mind gained a full ma-
turity. The situation of life in which he was born en-
titled him top pre-eminence among the public, and every
hand pointed out the spot where his abilities would have
scope for a proper display. But the sun is not without
its spots; the foolish, the criminal indulgence of a good
natured, extravagant parent, to a youth of his passions,
shaded the light of reason, which would have exerted
itself over every of his actions. An intended political
education warped his mind from its natural bias, and
shadowed his judgement; and he stood forth early to the
wildest extravagance, and of the greatest goodness of
heart; of the most extensive political knowledge; with
notions wholly ministerial, and in a great measure totally
absurd. With all these abilities, and all these preju-
dices about him, it will easily be conceived that admini-
stration took an early notice of him; his wants, arising
from the most profuse extravagance, soon pointed out the
necessity of accepting a place, which he did with the
utmost dislike of all kind of business, the shadow of which
he avoided with great industry. To recite any in-
instances of this extravagance would be wholly unnecessary,
as too many of them are already made public to leave
any doubt remaining. The most amazing part of his
character is his gaining almost intuitively a knowledge of
every thing; and it is well known, that after several
days and nights of dissipation at White’s and in King’s
Place Court, he has attended a great assembly, and spoke
to a matter he had scarcely ever heard before, in such an
unremitted flow of judicious eloquence, as has surprized
and astonished the whole of his auditors. An offence
against lord North, the all-powerful minister, who strong-
ly professed himself a friend to the honourable gentle-
man, procured his dismission from the admiralty office,
but fearful lest he might employ himself in a dangerous
manner, a short time saw him placed in a more conspi-
cuous situation in the treasury; here his ambition for a
superior post soon began to display itself, and the little
attention which was paid to him on that account, as

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well as the distressed state of his finances, and the little
opinion he was in with the public from his follies and ex-
travagances, hurt his mind, and urged him on to pur-
sue such dissonant measures to his friend the premier, as
at length procured his dismission. The disgusting cir-
cumsubstances that attended his dismission raised much re-
sentment in him against the cause, whose favourite mea-
sures he opposed with the most powerful exertion of his
abilities, though from well known reasons, his oppositi-
on did not meet with success. His consequence in his
political character now suffered a considerable eclipse,
but was attended with the most praise worthy effect in
his private life. The loss of so considerable an income, first
taught him some kind of economy, which he exerted in
divesting himself of many instruments of his pleasure, and
negotiating a treaty with his father for the payment of
all his debts by which he laid himself under particular
restrictions, which he has most religiously observed. The
events, which have recently happened, and though ex-
pected by him, were much unwished for, have placed
him free from all incumbrances, at the head of a for-
tune so affluent, that he has now the most glorious op-
portunity of exerting all his powers in favour of his
country. Wealth gives consequence in the senate, which,
added to such abilities, and an independence on admini-
stration, may execute wonders. It seems that he will not
let this “golden opportunity” pass him, as (if our intel-
ligence is just) many advances have been made towards a
reconciliation by the minister; many offers have been
made, many temptations thrown in his way, but all in
vain; he has rejected them with the utmost disdain, and
has declared that he will never again accept of a place,
but from the immediate appointment of his sovereign,
which shall not proceed from the recommendation of any
man. We have the utmost reason to hope he will con-
tinue in this resolution, and presume to augur, that
should he still follow it, he will rise with honour to the
first offices in the state.

The honourable gentleman, above described, we are
informed, has lately sold his house,. In St. James street,
to his cousin, the duke of Leinster, for the purpose of re-
tiring into the temple, (of which he is become a student)
and dedicating those abilities, which the world justly give
him credit for, to the service of the law.

BOSTON, November 10.

A PROCLAMATION.

WHERAS a number of persons unlawfully assem-
bled at Cambridge, in the month of October last,
calling themselves a provincial congress, did in the most
open and daring terms, assume to themselves the powers
and authority of government, legally and consiti-
tutionally established within this province, and tending
utterly to subvert the same; and did amongst other un-
lawful proceedings, take upon themselves to resolve and
direct a new and unconstitutional regulation of the mili-
tia, in high derogation of his majesty’s royal prerogative;
and also to elect and appoint Henry Gardner, esquire, of
Stow, to be receiver general, in the room of Harrison
Gray, esquire, then and still legally holding and execut-
ing that office; and also to order and direct the monies
granted to his majesty, to be paid into the hands of the
said Henry Gardner, and not to the said Harrison Gray,
esquire, and further earnestly to recommend to the inha-
bitants of the province, to oblige and compel the several
constables and collectors to comply with and execute the
said directions contrary to their oaths, and against the plain
and express rules of the law: All which proceedings have
a most dangerous tendency to ensnare and to draw them
into perjuries, riots, sedition, treason, and rebellion; for
the prevention of which evils, and the calamitous con-
sequences thereof, I have thought it my duty to issue this
proclamation, hereby earnestly exhorting, and in his
majesty’s name strictly prohibiting all his liege subjects
within this province, from complying in any degree with
the said requisitions, recommendations, directions, or
resolves of the aforesaid unlawful assembly, as they re-
gard his majesty’s highest displeasure, and would avoid
the pains and penalties of the law. And I do hereby
charge and command all justices of the peace, sheriffs,
constables, collectors, and other officers, in their several
departments, to be vigilant and faithful in the execution
and discharge of their duty, in their respective offices,
agreeable to the well known established laws of the land;
and to the utmost of their power, by all lawful ways and
means, to discountenance, discharge, and prevent a com-
pliance with such dangerous resolves of the above men-
tioned, or any other unlawful assembly whatever.

Given at Boston this 20th day of November, in the 15th
year of the reign of his majesty George the third, by
the grace of God, &c. &c. THOMAS GAGE.

GOD SAVE THE KING.

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Column 1

November 17. At a meeting of the inhabitants of this
town by adjournment, November 7, the committee ap-
pointed for that purpose, made the following report,
which was accepted by the town. “Whereas sundry
regiments of his majesty’s troops are, contrary to law,
and to the great annoyance and detriment of his majesty’s
good subjects of this province, now stationed in the town
of Boston, in a time of profound peace, for the avowed
purposes of carrying into execution sundry acts of the
British parliament, tending to subvert the constitution of
the province, which it is our duty to protest against up-
on all occasions; yet, nevertheless, we the inhabitants of
the town of Boston, in town meeting legally assembled,
taking into serious consideration, the distressed circum-
stances of this metropolis, and being anxious still to use
our best endeavors to preserve that decency and order
for which the town has ever been remarkable, relying on
the justice of our cause, and confiding on the untied en-
deavours of the colonies, the wisdom of the continental
congress, the justice and clemency of our sovereign, and
the smiles of divine providence, that our grievances will
shortly be redressed, and our unalienable and precious
rights, liberties, and privileges, be restored and secured
to us upon a just and permanent basis. Therefore we re-
commend,

That as his excellency the governor has assured the
town, that he will do all in his power to secure the peace
and good order of the town,

That the town on their part will exert their best en-
deavours to effect the same desirable purpose; and to this
end would augment the town watch, and it is recom-
mended to the selectmen of the town, that they increase
the watch to the number of twelve men in each watch
house, for the security and safety of the inhabitants, and
that they be directed to partrole the streets of the town,
for the whole night and the ensuing season.

And it is earnestly desired that his majesty’s justices of
the peace, and other officers would exert their authority
for the observance of the laws, and preservation of peace
and order, and that when they hear of any disturbance,
they would not wait for a complaint, but call on the in-
habitants, who will at all times be ready in assisting to
disperse such persons, or in bringing offenders of what
rank in order soever to justice.

As in our present situation it is incumbent upon us
particularly to tend to the peace and good order of the
town, it is therefore earnestly recommended to the inha-
bitants to do all in their power to prevent or suppress any
quarrels or disturbances. And it is seriously recommend-
ed to all masters of families that they restrain their chil-
dren and servants from going abroad after nine o’clock
in the evening, unless on necessary business.

And it is further recommended to the selectmen of the
town, to enjoin upon all retailers and taverners of the
town, that they strictly conform to the laws of the pro-
vince, relating to disorderly persons.

Attest. W. COOPER, T. Ck.”

The superior court which was to have been held at
Salem on Tuesday the 1st instant, was then adjourned,
by proclamation, pursuant to a warrant form two of the
justices to the sheriff, to the Monday preceding the third
Tuesday of June next.

The town of Marblehead, at a full meeting on Monday
the 7th instant, unanimously made choice of a large com-
mittee for executing the plans of the continental and
provincial congresses. It likewise appointed a day for
chusing militia officers, and a committee for each com-
pany to give personal warning to all on the alarm list for
the purpose mentioned. Directions were given by the
town to the clerk, for entering on the records such per-
sons as should by the province be considered and published
”as rebels against the state”; and to the constables and
collectors to pay to Henry Gardener, esquire, monies
which they then had, or in future might have in their
hands, belonging to the province; the advertisements of
the later treasurer Gray, being treated with the contempt
due to one on the “rebel list.” A company and train of
artillery, will, by private subscription, be likewise pro-
vided in said town for defence of American freedom.
Surely the colonies are in earnest for preserving their
liberties, and a general attention to the art military, will
in a short time render them secure, notwithstanding the
designs of oppressive tyranny. May military discipline,
then, immediately take place throughout America.

Tuesday last the encampments were broke up, and the
troops are gone into houses, stores &c. in different parts
of this town.

The same day the regiments that lately arrived from
Quebec and New York landed and went into barracks
also.

We now have eleven regiments in this town, besides
the artillery.

In the last transports that arrive here came a large
quantity of powder, cannon balls, shells, &c.

The following donations have been received, during
the course of the week past, for the relief of the poor,
suffering by means of the port bill, viz. from Chester
town and Candy parish, in the province of New Hamp-
shire, 3l. and 84 sheep. From Concord, on Pennecock
river, New Hampshire, 30 bushels of peas. From Reho-
both 14l. From Rehoboth and East Greenwich, 112
sheep. From Tiverton 72 sheap. Form Glassenbury
160 bushels of grain. From Southington 150 bushels of
grain. From Wetherfield 73 bushels of grain. From
Middleton 1080 bushels of grain. And from Mr. Samuel
Moody, school master at Newbury Falls, 5 guineas.

A number of artificers arrived here last week from Ha-
lifax, who have been employed in preparing barracks,
which being now fit for the reception of the troops, the
encampment will be broke up to-morrow.

A free gift of 150 fat sheep from the town of Smithfield,
and 57 from Johnston, both in Rhode Island colony,
were lately drove from thence for the benefit of this
place.

The town of Scituate, in the same colony, has also
sent 122 sheep, the inhabitants of Gloucester about the
same number, and 250 from Stonington in Connecticut.

The town of Portsmouth, in New Hampshire, have
voted the sum of two hundred pounds, and the town of
Exeter, one hundred pounds lawful money, to be paid by
the selectmen of said towns, for the relief of the poor of
this capital.

Column 2

November 21. Some of the latest letters from London
say there is a good prospect of a happy change of mem-
bers of parliament at the ensuing election; that Hutchin-
son meets with the thorough contempt of the wisest a-
mong the nobility; that the people in general began to
be convinced that he and others have abused the nation
by>false representations of the colonies, and this province
and town in particular; and that our grievances will be
redressed. Other letters advise us, that the lesson of ad-
ministration to us is, to prepare for a further struggle,
and be in readiness for the extreme event. A lesson which
true wisdom dictates to a people threatened as we are,
to learn without the least delay.

Extract of a letter from Quebec, dated October24.

”At the request of the gentlemen of a committee from
Montreal, I send the enclosed, with an assurance that it
is a true translaition from the French original, and beg
you would insert it in you useful paper, that the senti-
ments of a very (if not most) considerable number of our
Canadian brethren and fellow subjects in this province
may appear in a just light to our brethren in the province
of Massachusetts.”
Instructions to the English gentlemen of the committee at
Montreal, From the Canadian farmers, &c.

”We the Canadian farmers and others, being greatly
alarmed at a late act of parliament, which re-establishes
the ancient laws of this country, the bad effects of which
we too severely felt during the French government, and
being entirely satisfied under the English laws, as admi-
nistered in this province, beg leave to acquaint the gen-
tlemen of the committee for Montreal that any legal
steps they shall take for the repeal of the said act will be
approved of by us, and we sincerely hope and pray that
they will use all means in their power for the same, by
petitioning his majesty and representing to the merchants
of London the flourishing state of the trade and agricul-
ture of this province since the conquest thereof, which we
attribute to that freedom which every one has enjoyed
under the English laws, and we hereby declare that we
never had any hand in a certain petition said to be sent
to his majesty, in the name and in behalf of all the Cana-
dians for obtaining said act, nor have we, nor any part
of the country where we reside, been in any wise con-
sulted thereupon, therefor we verily believe the said
petition was contrived and obtained in a clandestine and
fraudulent manner, by a few designing men, in order to
get themselves into posts of profit and honor.”

Rochester, in New Hampshire, November11.

On Tuesday the 8th instant the committee of corres-
pondence at this place, at the desire of a number of peo
ple, wrote to Mr. Nicholas Austin, of Middletown, to
attend them at the house of Mr. Stepehen Wentworth, it
being suspected that he was employed in procuring arti-
ficers at Wolfborough, &c. to go to Boston to build bar-
racks for the soldiery there. Mr. Austin accordingly
waited upon them, and the charge in some measure being
proved against him, he was obliged on his knees, as no-
thing less would satisfy, to make the following confessi-
on, viz. “Before this company I confess I have been
aiding and assisting in sending men to Boston to build
barracks for the soldiers to live in, at which you have
reason to be offended, which I am sorry for, and
humbly ask your forgiveness; and I do affirm, that for
the future, I never will be aiding or assisting in any wise
whatever, in act or deed, contrary to the constitution of
the country, as witness my hand,

NICHOLAS AUSTIN.”

From the SOUTH CAROLINA GAZETTE.

Ubi consulueris mature, FACTO opus est.

SALLUST.

MANY thanks to the worthy congress re-echoes
from the generous breasts of grateful thousands.
The firmest friend of our continent cannot form a more
sanguine wish than that the colonies may firmly execute
what they have wisely resolved, When I read their glo-
rious proceedings, I see inscribed on every page, in golden
capitals, “THE AMERICANS ARE INVINCIBLE.”
The untutored savages of the new world, and the polish-
ed sons of freedom in the old, when they know our manly
opposition, with admiration will exclain, ”Brave Ameri-
cans, worthy of liberty:”
And join in their united sup-
plications to the known and unknown God to smile upon
our glorious struggle.”

Some extol Roman greatness, and others admire Cor-
sican bravery; but the heart of every son of these pro-
vinces may distend with joy when he reflects that he is
born an American.

Oh glorious day! Oh happy union! From Nova Sco-
tia to Georgia, one mighty mind inspires, the whole!
When I consider the unanimity, the firmness, the wisdom,
of our late representatives, I feel a joy unutterable, and
an exultation never felt before. What remains, but that
each one join heart and hand in the vigorous execution
of their wisely concerted plan! The wretch who hangs
back proclaims, by his delay, that he either regards not
the welfare of America, or that he understands her in-
terests better than the united wisdom of her sons.

We now know our duty; happy for us if we reduce
our knowledge into practice. Without this in vain has
the congress met; in vain have they resolved. Much
better ot have acquired at once than to fail in the ex-
ecution of a plan with so much pains concerted. In this
case we may expect the derision of schoolboys and the
execrations of posterity.

Away with the flimsy excuses suggested by avarice and
mistaken self interest. Know it, ye American colonies,
that true self interest demands the exact observance of
all the self denying injunctions of the association. That
fond principle which leads a distressed mariner for the
preservation of life, to throw overboard his property,
much more confidently calls upon you, to save yourselves
and posterity, by frugality and a temporary suspension of
exports.

The wit of man could not have devised any thing more
likely to obtain a redress of our grievances than the plan
concerted. In vain has humanity and justice plead our
cause; but now self love will operate in our favour more
strongly than the cries of the infant, fatherless, and widow.
If we strictly adhere to the line marked out, in a few
months the West India planters, the English and Irish
manufacturers, will be so distressed, that, from a regard

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to their own interests, they will espouse our cause in a
manner that will shake the throne of majesty itself, whilst
lord North, and every abettor of American oppression,
will be cursed with the dying groans of starving millions.

The present struggle will either insure happiness and
freedom, or miserable slavery, to this continent. Ame-
rica fully and freely represented, has drawn up its bill of
rights; these acknowledged, our ruin can proceed only
from ourselves. To obtain a thorough establishment of
them, we need only wield the weapons of self denial pre-
scribed by our representatives. If we fail in our present
opposition, future attempts must certainly be in vain;
whereas if we succeed, no minister will be hardy enough to
renew the unsuccessful attack. Our all is at stake, and
upon the behavior of this day hangs the fate of future
generations. Let every one, therefore, who loves his count-
try, walk in the way pointed out by the united wisdom of
North America!

VOX POPULI.

TO GENERAL GAGE.

SIR,
THE whole of your proceedings are so replete with folly, that I have
more than once thought that I have prostituted my time in ex-
posing you to censure. You have rescued me from the repetition of the
talk, and have, by your late answer to the address of the provincial con-
gress of Massachusetts Bay, taught me that you are a more proper object
for ridicule. In the first sentence of your answer you have apologized for
constructing, what has been unjustly called, a fortress on the Boston Neck.
The same factious spirit which leads the Bostonians to call submission to go-
vernment, slavery, kings, tyrants, ministers, rascals, and governors, a com-
pound of the whole, has led them to traduce by a military name, a work
which was executed only to amuse your officers, and to exercise your
soldiers. You have commenced no hostile steps against the province of
Massachusetts Bay; you have only raised a creature like yourself, which,
”unless annoyed, will annoy nobody.”

Can it be deemed ungenerous to hint that the lives, liberties, or pro-
perties, of any person, except avowed enemies, are in danger from Bri-
tons, after the massacre of the 5th of March, and the execution of the
Boston port and Quebec bills?

You say that Britain never formed the black design of wantonly destroy-
ing
or enslaving any people on earth. It will be sufficient to contradict this
assertion by only hinting at the depredations which have lately been com-
mitted upon human nature in the East Indies, under the sanction of the
British name. Her attempt to enslave the colonies, hardly deserves the
name of “a design,” since it has been executed with a folly equal to its
iniquity. It would be the blackest ingratitude to suppose that our mo-
ther country ever intended to enforce the acts for rapine and murder in
Massachusetts Bay, when she appointed general Gage to carry them into
execution.

Your illegal proclamation will not suffer us to believe that you even
wish to “preserve union and harmony between Great Britain and her
colonies.”

There was a time when Britain deserved the name of a “spirited”
nation; but she has forfeited that character by her late shameful com-
position with the court of Spain. The armies and fleets of Britain were
reserved for more important purposes than to humble the pride of a rival
nation. A handful of Charibs, on the island of St. Vincent’s, were
devoted to destruction; the power and vengeance of Britan were direct-
ed against them; her troops were victorious; and lord North added to
his other triumphs the sole glory of this successful expedition. Alas!
Britain, how art thou fallen! They victories are now only over humanity,
and thy trophies are now nothing but the ensigns of liberty!

You charge the inhabitants of Massachusetts Bay with subverting their
charter, by assembling in an illegal and unconstitutional manner. In
this step, sir, they have been obliged to appeal from the tyranny of laws
to the liberty of nature. Their violation of the British constitution, in
suffering a standing army to come among them, is the only political crime
a true-born Briton can lay to their charge. In this act of submission to
the crown, they have committed high treason against the liberties of
America. The colonies have acquitted them of this crime, as they wish
only for an accommodation with Great Britain. Should their pacific
resolutions fail of this end, the sword of justice will not long sleep in its
scabbard. British laws (which consider you as vagrants in America) will
be executed upon you. You will then cease to complain of such trifles
as “our withholding every necessary for your preservation;” you will be
thankful for breathing the air of America.

Having appealed to your justice, humanity, and reason, in vain, I shall
cease to address you in this public manner. I began these letters by cal-
ling upon you, by your regard for the peace and happiness of Britain and
the colonies, to renounce your commission; I shall conclude them by
conjuring you, by the same motives, to continue to execute it. The
liberties of America will be safe, while you are held up as an epitome of
the military spirit and generosity of the British nation. Resentment
begins to subside in our bosoms; for the whole of your operations scarcely
entitle you to contempt. JUNIUS AMERICANUS.

NEW YORK, November 21.

Extract of a letter from Quebec, dated October 30.
A COMMITTEE is arrived here from the English
inhabitants in Montreal, who have met a commit-
tee of the inhabitants of this place, and are drawing up a
petition to his majesty, against the act parliament for
regulating the government of this province, and hope
they will meet with success.”

Captain Hunt, from Charlestown, South Carolina, in-
forms us, that the ship Britannia, captain Ball, arrived
there from London a few days before he sailed, and that
a passenger who came in the vessel had, in a clandestine
manner, got on board eight chests of tea, which the cap-
tain on his arrival made known to the committee, who
soon caused the gentleman to order his India commodity
to be thrown into the sea; that captain Moore arrived
there from Philadelphia the 4th of November, with the
delegates from the congress, who were received by their
fellow citizens with the ringing of bells, &c. and that on
the 5th of November the inhabitants of Charlestown gave
up most of the tea they had in their houses to be burnt
in one general bonfire.

The following address, from the committee of mecha-
nicks, was on Friday last presented to the delegates
who represented this city at the general congress.

GENTLEMEN,
WE being actuated by a real regard for the interest
and posterity of our injured and oppressed coun-
try, and influenced by a principle of gratitude, embrace
this early opportunity to testify our most grateful and
unfeigned acknowledgements for your readiness in ac-
cepting , and fidelity in executing the high and important
trust reposed in you, by your fellow citizens and country-
men; and for the wise, prudent, and spirited measures
which you have adopted (in conjunction with the worthy
and respectable delegates of the neighbouring colonies)
for obtaining a redress of grievances, and a restoration
of our violated rights; and thereby re-establishing (upon
the most permanent basis) that harmony and confidence
between America and the parent state, so ardently wished
for by all good men, and so essentially necessary for the
mutual advantage and security of both countries.

At the same time, permit us to assure you, that we are
determined, as far as our influence extends, to exert our-
seleves in support of the common cause, and shall ever be
ready to aid and assist in carrying the salutary measures
of the general congress into execution, to the utmost of
our power and ability.

Page 3
Column 1

That you may long live to enjoy the fruits of your
labours, and receive, from a grateful people, the ap-
plause and honor which is justly due to the preservers of
their country, is the sincere wish of,

Gentlemen, your obliged humble servants,
and fellow citizens
DANIEL DUNSCOMB, chairman.
Signed by order of the mechanics committee.
To PHILIP LIVINGSTON, JOHN ALSOP, ISAAC LOW,
JAMES DUANE, JOHN JAY.
To which they were pleased to return the following
polite ANSWER.

GENTLEMEN,
THE polite and respectful terms in which you are
pleased to communicate your approbation of our
conduct, in an important office, demand our most sincere
acknowledgements.

Honoured by the united suffrages of our fellow citizens,
and aminated by a sense of duty, and the most cordial
affection for our oppressed country, however unequal to
the delicate and arduous task, we undertook it with
chearfulness, and have discharged it with fidelity.

While, from abundant experience, we bear testimony
to the unshaken zeal for constitutional liberty, which has
ever distinguished the worthy inhabitants of this metro-
polis, and is nobly exerted at the present alarming crisis,
your anxious solicitude for the restoration of that harmo-
ny and mutual confidence between the parent state and
America, on which the glory and stability of the British
empire so absolutely depend, cannot fail of recommend-
ding you to the esteem of all good men, and of holding
you up as an example worthy of imitation and applause.

To soften the rigour of the calamities to which, in this
tempestuous season, we may be exposed, let us all with
one heart and voice, endeavour to cultivate and cherish
a spirit of unanimity and mutual benevolence, and to pro-
mort that internal tranquility which can alone give
weight to our laudable efforts for the preservation of our
freedom, and crown then with success.
We are, gentlemen,
With the most affectionate regard,
Your obliged and very humble servants,
PHILIP LIVINGSTON, JOHN ALSOP, ISAAC LOW
JAMES DUANE, JOHN JAY.
To Mr. Daniel Dunscomb, chairman, and the committee
of mechanics in the city of New York.

November24. Last Monday arrived from Rhode
Island his majesty’s shop Kingfisher, commanded by cap-
tain James Montagu. This ship is appointed to relieve
his majesty’s ship Swan, commanded by captain James
Asenough, who will in a few days sail to join admiral
Graves, at Boston.

PHILADELPHIA, November 30.
Extract of a letter from Charleston, in South Carolina,
dated November
16.

OUR delegates arrived here the 6th inst. And our peo-
ple are well pleased with the proceedings of the con-
gress. Last Wednesday an elegant dinner was given them
by our standing committee, to which no revenue officer
was invited; the day was spent with great chearfulness
and harmony. We had great diversion the 5th instant,
in seeing the effigies of lord North, governor Hutchinson,
the pope and the Devil, which were erected on a moving
machine, and after having been paraded about the town
all day, they were in the evening burnt on the common,
with a large bonfire, attended by a numerous croud of
people.”

YORK, December 14, 1774.
MR. PINKNEY,
BY inserting the following QUERIES in your useful paper you will oblige
your constant customer, MERCATOR AMERICANUS.

WHETHER the author of some late extraordinary queries in
Messeurs Purdie and Dixon’s last paper, who stiles himself an
ASSOCIATION, may not be sometimes found in a certain grand seminary?

Whether his assuming the signature of an associator, when it is no-
torious to the world he is not, does not imply a duplicity of conduct,
great meanness, and pusillanimity?

Whether a man’s principles, with respect to religious tenets, honour,
and sincerity, may not be impeached, when his assertions are so frequently
founded on the caprice of a fruitful imagination, and not matters of
fact?

With what justice or propriety can any person, in a public coffeehouse,
and other places, highly condemn the proceedings of the committees of
York and Gloucester, and even set them at defiance, when under the
borrowed name of associator, in Messieurs Purdie and Dixon’s last paper,
he expressly avows and applauds those very measures he before opposed
with great wrath in public places?

Whether this lukewarm patriot does not daily infringe and act in vio-
lation of the association, by using that pernicious herb tea, which go-
vernment intended to force upon the Americans to their destruction?

Whether this gentleman must not be possessed of great effrontery,
when he undertakes to arraign the conduct of a merchant in London,
who he says has knowingly violated the association of this country, with
respect to the importation of tea? And whether this proof will not be
very difficult for him to make?

Whether this reverend prelate will not be much mortified when he
finds that his weapons, malevolence, envy, and revenge (besides his want
of Christianity) are found insufficient to give the smallest wound to those
characters which he would wish to injure?

The above restrictions, Mr. Pinkney, lead me to consider how much
more eligible would this man’s lot be if he could not write at all, since,
by indulging a cacoetbis scribendi, he will in a short time, lose those few
friends he has at present.

WILLIAMSBURG.
To the right honourable JOHN earl of DUNMORE, his majesty’s
lieutenant and governor general of the colony and dominion of
VIRGINIA,
and vice admiral of the same:

MY LORD,
WE his majesty’s dutiful and loyal subjects the council of Virginia,
with the most heart-felt joy, and unfeigned pleasure, beg leave
to offer our congratulations to your lordship on your safe return after
the fatigues and dangers of a troublesome expedition.

Your lordship’s vigorous opposition to the incursions and ravages of an
Indian enemy hath effectually prevented the desolation of a growing back
country, and the horrors of human carnage. The scene of war was
remote from us, our properties and estates were not immediately exposed
to the miseries consequent thereon; but though not equally interested,
;we sensibly participate in the blessings that are derived to our fellow
subjects in that quarter of the colony, from the prospect of a permanent
peace. The lenity you exercised towards the Indians, when they expect-
ed the cruelty of the victor, hath attached them to you from principle;
and unless the intrigues of traders, or the insidious arts of the enemies
to this government, should again foment difference, we flatter ourselves
the preseat tranquility will not be speedily interrupted. You have taught
them a lesson, which the savage beast was a stranger to, that clemency
and mercy are not incompatible with power, and that havock and blood-
shed are not the inseparable concomitants of success and victory.

Permit us, my lord, to express our lively satisfaction at the addition
to your family by the birth of a daughter, and to assure you it is greatly
heightened by the promising hopes that your lady’s recovery will be un-
attended with danger. We should be wanting in respect to her ladyship
to omit any opportunity of testifying our esteem for her; an esteem that
her exemplary piety, and true dignity of conduct, will ever command.

Column 2

To which his excellency was pleased to return the following ANSWER.

GENTLEMEN,
I AM, in the most sensible manner, obliged to you for this address.
The motives which induced me to exert my efforts to relieve the
back uountry from the calamity under which it lately laboured would
have been disappointed of one of its principal ends if it had not met
your approbation; and this very honourable testimony, which you are
now pleased to give me of it, conveys the highest gratification to me.

The cordiality of your expressions, on the occasion of the addition to
my family, and the distinguishing mark of the notice which you so kind-
ly take of lady Dunmore, attach me to you by the strongest ties of gra-
titude, and the warmest affection.

TRIALS at the DECEMBER GENERAL COURT, 1774.

Thomas Poe, from James City, for theft; Burnt in
the hand.

James Biddleston, from Prince Edward, for theft:
Burnt in the hand.

Edmund Porter, from Frederick, for horsestealing:
Guilty. Death.

William White, from Berkely, for horsestealing:
Acquited.

CHESTERFIELD courthouse, November 25, 1774.
PROPER notice having been given, requesting the freeholders of the
county to meet here on this day, in order to chuse a committee for
the said county, a great number assembled, and made choice of the fol-
lowing gentlemen, viz. Archibald Cary, Benjamin Watkins, Bernard
Markham, Robert Goode, Daniel McCallum, Thomas
Randolph, John Archer, Abraham Sally, Joseph Bass, Benjamin
Trent, Alexander Trent, John Bott.

A majority of the committee being present, appointed Archibald Cary,
esquire, their chairman.

The committee then ordered that notice should be given in the public
papers, requesting that any matters relating to the association, and which
came before the said committee, might be directed to Archibald Cary,
esquire, or in his absence, to Mr. Thomas Randolph.

Ordered, that the chairman, or in his absence, Mr. Thomas Ran-
dolph, do appoint a time and place for the committee to convene them-
selves, as occasion may require.

Ordered, that Mr. Jerman Baker be wrote to by Mr. chairman, re-
questing the favour of him to act as clerk to the said committee, and
then the committee adjourned. ARCHIBALD CARY, Chairman.

IT being proved to the committee of Hanover county that I have been
guilty of saying that my opinion of the American virtue was, that a
little gold, properly distributed, would soon induce the people to espouse
the cause of the enemies to this country, as also that I did utter sundry
other things in contempt of the cause of American liberty; in order
that proper atonement be made for such my indiscretions, I do make
this public confession, declaring myself heartily sorry for such my offence;
and the public may be assured, that in future I shall observe a different
conduct, by which I hope to obtain their forgiveness for what is past.
MALCOLM HART.

HANOVER, November 12, 1774.
THE committee duly elected for Hanover county, having taken into
consideration a charge against me for violating the association, for
contemptuous behaviour to many respectable gentlemen who questioned
me touching the same, for attempting to stir up a party in order to sup-
port me in such my behaviour, and having found me guilty of the same
I do hereby heartily and sincerely profess and declare that I am truly sorry
for my misconduct, and that I was led, through inadvertency in the first
instance, and by unguarded heat and passion in the subsequent part of my
conduct, by which great and general offence has been given to my coun-
trymen; and I do hereby declare my hearty and everlasting attachment
to the cause of American liberty; that I do most cordially accede to the
same; and will willingly join in any future measures which my country
shall adopt for the public good. From this my candid confession and de-
claration I am induced to hope for the forgiveness of such of my country-
men as have taken offence at my conduct, and the public may rest assured,
that in future I shall be careful in conforming most rigidly to whatever is
the general sense of the public, in any matter respecting the general
policy of America.
PAUL THILMAN.

WILLIAMSBURG,December 12, 1774.
THE subscriber intends going to England about the middle of Febru-
ary
next, and requests the favour of all persons indebted to him to
be as speedy as possible in their payments; those who cannot immediately
pay, are requested to settle their accounts by giving bond, with approved
security. And whereas many debts due to the estate of Mr. Thomas
Hornsby,
deceased, yet remain unsettled, notwithstanding many former
advertisements relative thereto, all persons indebted to the same are
earnestly requested to settle, and if they cannot immediately pay, to give
bond to the subscriber, with approved security. All debts that remain
unsettled will be left in the hands of my attorney, with directions to
commeits as soon as the courts of justice ar opened. The subscriber
has on hand about 1200l. sterling worth of European goods, which he
would sell wholesale, at a low advance, and allow credit; also 500 acres
of land, in James City county, to dispose of very cheap, and on long
credit. JOSEPH HORNSBY.

CHARLES CITY, December 10, 1774.

To be RENTED for a year, and entered on at Christmas,
A TRACT of LAND on Powhattan swamp, in James City county,
containing by an old survey, 550 acres, the farthest part of which
is not more than 6 miles from Williamsburg.This land I formerly ad-
vertised for sale, and now would willingly sell it for 1000l. on long credit,
a price much under its real value, as the wood alone is worth more mo-
ney to a gentleman in the city. At least 400 acres of the above land are
to clear, which are exceeding good for grain, and several meadows, rich
and firm, that, by little pains, may be made arable. If I do not part
with the above by Christmas, I purpose to sell wood by the load, to those
who chuse to cart it. For further information apply to Mr.Robert
Anderson,
in Williamsburg, or the subscriber. 2 JOHN TYLER.

To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, on Tuesday the 20th of December, if
fair, otherwise next fair day,
at
Lester’s ferry, in Charles City county,
consisting of a variety of exceeding good HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN
FURNITURE, STOCKS of CATTLE, HORSES, HOGS, and SHEEP, a
RIDING CHAIR, without harness, and sundry other articles. Six
months credit will be allowed the purchasers, on giving bond (with ap-
proved security) to carry interest from the date, if not punctually dis-
charged. All persons having demands against the said estate are desired
to 0ttend the sale, or send in their several claims properly authenticated,
(1) THOMAS LOTTON, Administrator.

WHEREAS about the ninth day of April, 1773, I Amos
Livesay
was arrested, or pretended to be arrested, by one Peter
Williams,
at the suit of Gloucester Hunnicutt, of the county of Sussex,
merchant, which said Hunnicutt refused to accept bail, though I offered
the same, and insisted the said Wiilliams should take me to prison, unless
I would give him security on my land in Prince George county for a debt
of 24l. 10s. which he pretended to be due to him, when there was not
13l. due; I do hereby therefore give this notice to prevent any person
or persons whatsoever from taking any assignment of my said land from
the said Hunnicutt, being determined to pay only my own debt (for
which I have given him notice) and not to deliver up to him, or any one
else, the possession of my said land. AMOS LIVESAY.

Mr. PINKNEY,
AN advertisement having appeared in your paper some time ago,
signed Jonn Green, the tendency of which may be extremely in-
jurious to me, I should be glad, through your press, to controvert what
the said Green has urged with respect to myself. He says that a partner
ship never existed between us, but only intended: In answer to which,
I declare we were permanently engaged in partnership some time before
the death of the late Mr. Houston’s widow, at whose decease the said Green con-
sulted me about purchasing a wench of Mr. Huston’s widow, which I
readily agreed to, as also towards purchasing a stock of goods; all which
I looked upon myself culpable for, in case of default in him. It would be
useless to take notice of the frequent reports of the said Green, relative
to our partnership; I shall therefore rest my cause with those friends who
have given me their custom, to whom I return my sincerest thanks.

All persons indebted to the above partnership are requested to make
payment to me immediately, as I have the books in my possession; and
those to whom we are indebted are desired to bring in their claims.

I think it necessary to inform the public that I now carry on the bu-
siness for Mr. Richard Lewis, of Fredericksburg.
(illegible, smudged) ( )JOHN SORREL.

Column 3

I HEREBY forewarn ALL PERSONS
from HUNTING or SHOOTING on my
LANDS at Westover and Buckland.
3 W. BYRD.

To the PUBLIC.
WHEREAS David Hamilton obtained a bond illegally from the
subscriber, therefore he forewarns all persons from taking an
assignment of the same, as he will not answer it.
FREDERICK county,
October 20, 1774. JAMES BLACKBURN.

BEDFORD, December 13, 1774.
THE partnership between John Wilkinson and son John was dissolved
the 1st day of September last; All persons indebted to them for
dealings at their store in Bedford, and elsewhere, are desired to come
and settle their accounts, either by bond or otherwise.
JOHN WILKINSON,
(1) JOHN WILKINSON, junior.

MARYLAND, September 25, 1774.
FIFTEEN POUNDS REWARD.
RUN away last night, from Dorsey’s forge, 3 servant men, viz.
William George,
born in England, about 34 years old, about 5 feet
7 inches high, has a down look, light coloured short hair, pock marked,
round shouldered, and has had his left wrist broke, which occasions it to
be much larger than his right; he is a carpenter and joiner by trade; had
on and took with him, 1 check and 1 oznabrig shirt, old leather breeches,
worsted, and has a small piece of crape tied round the crown, a pair of
ribbed worsted stockings, and a pair of pumps, with steel buckles; he
had on an iron collar.

Solomon Burnham, born in Yorkshire, and speaks in that dialect; he is
about 26 years of age, about 5 feet 10 inches high, swarthy complexion,
down look, short black curled hair; had on and took with him, 1 ozna-
brig shirt, blue grey jacket without sleeves, leather breeches, a coarse hat
about half worn, a pair of yarn stockings, and 1 pair of shoes and buckles,
professes himself to be a complete farmer, and had on an iron collar.

Samuel Chapman, an Englishman, 28 year of age, 5 feet 7 inches high,
a lusty well made fellow, a little round shouldered, swarthy complexion,
has a large boney face, thick lips, and a very full set of teeth; had on
and took with him, a cloth jacket, 1 oznabrig and 1 check shirt, ozna-
brig trowsers, 2 pair of stockings, new shoes with buckles, and a new
felt hat. Whoever takes up said servants, and brings them to the sub-
cribers, shall have, if 20 miles from home, 30s, if 30 miles, 20s. and if
60 miles, 5l. for each, including what the law allows, and reasonable
charges. SAMUEL DORSEY, junior,
6 EDWARD NORWOOD.

COMMITTED to the gaol of Hampton county a negro man named
JOHN, who says he belongs to <em in St. Martin’s, in the
West Indies, and was sold to him by captain Atkinson, at whose quarter,
in Charles City county, he formerly lived. He is about 5 feet 9 inches
high, and has on an oznabrig shirt, green coat, and rolls breeches.
The owner is desired to prove his property, pay charges, and take him
away. (3) JOHN SCOTT, Gaoler.

TAKEN up, in Spotsylvania, a sorrel mare, 3 years old last spring,
about 4 feet 6 inches high, with two small black spots inher fore-
head, and branded on the near buttock WH in a piece, as near as can
be made out. Posted, and appraised to 8l.
( ) REUBEN STRAUGHAN.

To be SOLD, on Friday the 13th of January, if fair, otherwise next fair
day, at a plantation near
Petersburg, lately the property of doctor John
Ravenscroft, to the highest bidder.
ABOUT twenty very likely NEGROES, chiefly Virginiaborn,
consisting of men, women, boys, and girls; also several HORSES
and CATTLE, a yoke of OXEN and CART, all the UTENSILS of
husbandry belonging to the said planation, and a considerable quantity
of FODDER. Twelve months credit will be allowed for all sums above
5l. the purchasers giving bond with approved security, and, if the bonds
are not punctually discharged, to carry interest from the date.
3 BOLLING STARK.
Attorney for George McMurdo, and John Ravenscroft.

To be SOLD, at BREMO, on Monday the 19of December next, if
fair, if not, the next fair day.

ALL the HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, 6 or 8
valuable work HORSES, with the stock of CARTTLE, HOGS,
and SHEEP, belonging to the estate of colonel BOWLER COCKE, deceased;
also the present crop of CORN and FODDER made on the plantation.
Credit will be allowed on all sums above 40s. till the 25th of October
next, the purchaser giving bond and security to
2 GEORGE WEBB, Executor.

GREENWICH, November 29, 1774.
RUN away, on the 1st of September, a very likely Virginia born
Negro slave named GABRIEL, by trade a weaver, about 26 or
27 years of age, 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, is very black, and has a cast
with one of his eyes. He was formerly the property of Doctor Seymour,
of this county, and was much scarified on his back with whipping, before
I purchased him. He is fond of reading, and plays well on the violin.
His dress was a brown Virginia fustian coat, with white metal buttons,
and blue plains waistcoat; but he carried with him a variety of other
cloaths. I understand he has a forged pass, and imagine he will endea-
vour to pass for a free man. All matsers of vessels are hereby forbid
carry him out of the colony. I will give a reward of 20s, if he is
taken in this county, 40s. if in any adjacent country, and 10l if out of
the colony. The above slave is outlawed. 2 JOHN FOX.
( ) JOHN FOX.

TAKEN up in Amelia, a bay mare, about 10 or 11 years old, between
4 feet 8 and 9 inches high, switch mane and tail, a star in her fore-
hed, her near hind foot white, and a small part of her near fore foot,
several saddle spots on her back, and no perceivable brand. Posted, and
appraised to 11l Apply to the subscriber in Prince George county.
( )

TAKEN up, in Halifax,/em> on Sandy Creek, a black mare, about 4 feet
6 inches high, branded on the near buttock O, and on the near
shoulder f, in which some white hairs are grown out, has a half crop in
her right ear, a star in her forehead, some saddle spots, a short tail, and
hanging mane, trots indifferently, and appears to be old. Appraised to
5l. ( ) THOMAS DIXON.

TAKEN up, in Orange, a small flea bitten grey horse, about 11 years
old, and branded on the near buttock with a cross. Posted, and ap-
raised to 3l.
REUBEN DANIEL,

TAKEN up, on Appomatox river, near the upper bridge in Prince
Edward,
a bay mare, about 4 feet 2 inches and a half high, has
a star in her forehead, about 6 years old, her left eye is what is called a
glass eye, all of her feet are white intermixed with block spots, has a
snip on her nose, and branded on each buttock g. Posted, and appraised
to 5l. WILLIAM HALL.

TAKEN up in Spotsylvania, 4 sheep, viz, one ram, marked with a
swallow fork in each ear; one ewe, marked with a crop, slit, and
underkeel in the right, and crop and underkeel in the left; one wether,
marked with a crop and slit in the right, and a crop in the left ear; the
other is a lamb, unmarked. All the above sheep are white. Posted,
and appraised to 1l 18s. * WILLIAM CARTER.

TAKEN up in York county, 7 unmarked sows, one of them white,
two spotted, three grisled, and one black. Posted, and appraised
to 3l. 10s. JOHN CHISMAN, senior,

TAKEN up, on Deep Creek, in Cumberland, a bay mare, about 4 feet
6 inches high, about 5 years old, a switch tale, and no brand per-
ceivable. Posted, and appraised to 12l. JACOB MAGEHE.

TAKEN up, near Great Games creek, in Cumberland, an iron grey
mare colt, 4 feet 2 inches high, neither docked or branded, has a
white spot on her left buttock, and a blaze iner face; posted, and ap-
praised to 2l. 10s. Also a sorrel mare colt, 4 feet high, neither docked
or branded, her left hind foot white, and has a blaze on her face. Ap-
paised to 2l. ( ) HARTWELL MACON.

WANTED for the lighthouse directors eight second
hand ANCHORS, nearly a thousand weight
each. Any person having such for sale are desired to
make their terms known to the subscriber in Norfolk.
t.f. BASSETT MOSELEY.

Page 4
Column 1

TO BE SOLD,
THE purchase I lately made of Warner Washington, esquire, con-
sisting of an exceeding good BRICK HOUSE, five windows in
front, a very good KITCHEN and LAUNDRY, COACH HOUSE
and STABLES, the latter entirely new, NEGRO QUARTERS, &c.
together with 2000 acres of LAND, more or less, whereof about 500
adjoin to the house, and the rest in two tracts, contiguous to each other,
lie but at a little distance, on one part of which are two new CORN-
HOUSES and sufficient QUARTERS for negroes, the other
part is let out to three under tenants; also an exceeding well watered
MILL, now in hand, which (before the addition of a new sluice) was
let at 100 bushels of corn a year. Likewise all the stock of horned cattle,
sheep, hogs, and horses, belonging to the farm, English and country
made ploughs, carts, wagon, axes, and all other implements of
husbandry, together with all or any part of the corn, wheat, fodder,
and the rest of the stock in hand and in the ground; and also the stock
of NEGROES, consisting of 11 men, 3 women, and 8 children, will be
all sold together with the land, or separately, as the purchaser may
chuse. All or any part of the household and kitchen furniture (plate and
pictures excepted) linen, china, books, &c. with the stock of liquors in
the cellar, will be disposed of; likewise an exceeding good coach and
phaeton, almost new, a one horse chair, and the coach and saddle
horses, with two very fine brood mares, one, if not both, with foal, and
three fine colts, just fit for use. A sufficient discount will be made for
ready money, which will be expected for most of the articles, and for the
house and land also a proportionable abatement; but credit will be al-
lowed the purchaser, if desired, upon giving approved bond and security
to the subscriber, who intends to quit the colony in a few months, or
sooner, if he possible can settle his affairs therein.
JONATHAN WATSON.

** The plantation being situate on Pianketank river, its landing is
very convenient to fish and oysters. It has also been long remarkable for
its fine peach orchards.

FORTY SHILLINGS REWARD
FOR taking and delivering to the subscriber, CAESAR, a remarkable
likely Virginia born negro man, about 22 or 23 years of age, 5
feet 10 or 11 inches high, has rather a sulky countenance, and lost 2 of
his upper teeth; had on, and took with him, a dark Virginia cloth coat,
with an under jacket of fearnought, 3 or 4 brown lined shirts, crimson
cloth breeches, and rolls trousers, blue yarn stockings, a pair of shoes, he
wore a hat, which he is fond of cocking three ways. As I lately purchased
him of Mr. Holt Richeson of King William county, I have some suspicion
he may be gone that way, but as he has a brother belonging to one Mr.
Ellington, of Amelia, who as often absconds as himself, it is possible he
may be lurking about there. I will give the above reward to the person
who will deliver him to me, or 20s. if he be confined in the county
prison where he is taken, or elsewhere, and notice given to
WILLIAM DANDRIDGE, junior.

RUN away from the subscriber, on the 1st of October, two Negroes,
man and wife, the man named TOBY, an old fellow, of a yel-
lowish complexion, grey beard, a bald head, walks with his feet pretty
much out, and has on the clothing of common negroes. The woman is
named BETTY, is pretty tall, and very black. They are supposed to
have made off by water towards the lower end of <em as they
were first brought from the county of Passpatank in that province. Who-
ever takes up and secures the said negroes, so that I get them again,
shall be handsomely rewarded, by applying to me in Brunswick county.
3 JAMES ADAMS.

THE DISTILLERY at Alexandria, in Virginia, with other im-
provements, to be LET for a term of years. Enquire of Mr.
William Holt, at Williamsburg, William Davies, esquire, at Norfolk, Mr.
George Gilpin, or Messiures Harper & Hartshorne, at Alexandria, Mr.
John Cornthwaite, at Baltimore, or of Daniel Roberdeau, esquire, at Phi
ladelphia.
The distillery and improvements consist of a distillery built of
stone, 71 feet by 39; a stone store 50 by 50, with granaries, in 2 stories
above the ground floor, and a fall or rigging loft above, the whole length
of the building; and a framed cooper’s shop 16 by 23, with a suitable chimney.
The distillery is furnished with two new stills about the same size, that
will hold to work 2500 gallons; and the working cisterns, 20 in num-
ber, will contain the same quantity each. It is also furnished with a
third still, that contains to work 600 gallons, for low wines. Each of
these stills have suitable worms and worm tubs. There is also a suitable
low wine cistern, and 5 very ample return cisterns outside of the house,
and under cover. The whole, and every part of the improvements, are
entirely new, executed by workmen from Philadelphia, and the distillery
under the immediate eye and direction of a gentleman of eminent capacity
in distillation. The works are supplied with good cool water from an
ample spring, by 2 pumps with brass chambers 6 inches diameter; and
the cisterns are charged with two other pumps, with chambers of block
tin of 5 inches diameter, through suction pipes of yellow poplar. All
these pumps are worked by a horse, in an adjoining millhouse of large
diameter, well constructed. There is also a woodyard, boarded 7 feet high,
that will contain much more than necessary for the distillery, into which
the wood may be thrown from the water. The whole of these improveme-
ments are situated in Alexandria, below the bank; the distillery on fast
ground, and the cisterns fixed above the highest tide waters; the stores
and yard on a wharf which, with the public wharf adjoining, of 66 feet,
makes an extent of more than 200 feet in width, 156 feet of which run
300 feet into Potowmack,

As it does not suit the owner of these improvements to remove his
residence from Philadelphia, he will let them at a moderate rent, with a
contract of 300 cords of ash wood yearly, for 5 years, cut into 4 feet
lengths, and delivered on theMaryland shore, directly opposite to the
distillery, and so near the water as to render any carriage unnecessary, by
the heirs of Thomas Addison, esquire, deceased, at the rate of a dollar
per cord.

Any person inclining to lease the premises, may be furnished, on a
speedy application, with about 160 hogsheads of good, well chosen
molasses, with indulgence for payment, Enquire as above. t f

RUN away from the subscriber, a Virginia born Negro fellow named
WALTON, 23 years of age, of a light complexion, middle sized,
, has a pleasing countenance, his skin very smooth, one of his upper fore
teeth is decaying, which it is likely he will pull out, his hair on the fore
part of his head is cut short; he carried with him 4 shirts, 2 of them new
made, out of sheeting, 2 suits of cloaths, 1 of them made out of Russia
drilling, the other a dark brown, made out of duffil, trimmed with gilt
buttons, a surtout coat, velvet cap, hat, and every thing suitable for a
waitingman. As he is a very artful likely fellow he may endeavour to
pass for a free man; and I am doubtful he has got a pass from a Negro of
mine who can write a good hand. This fellow has waited on me for
3 years past, and always rode with me, so that he has a general acquaint-
ance; but as he was raised in Nansemond, near the place called the Old
Town,
it is probably he is gone there, as his friends live in that neigh-
bourhood. Whoever will take up the said runaway, and bring him home,
shall have 3l. or 30s. if committed to gaol. All persons are forbid to
harbour or carry the said fellow out of the colony. As he run away with-
out receiving any abuse, the taker-up will oblige me much by giving him
10 lashes every 10 miles.
PETERFIELD TRENT.

FREDERICKSBURG, November 23, 1774.
THE subscriber has just received by the last ships fromLondon and
Liverpool a general assortment of GOODS, which he will dispose
of, at his store in this place, upon the most reasonable terms for ready
money, tobacco, wheat, flour, corn, &c. As he intends to leave the
colony as soon as possible after the ensuing April general court, he in the
mean time earnestly requests all those indebted to him to be as speedy as
possible in their payments. Those who cannot immediately pay, he
hopes will by no means have any objection to giving their bonds, in order
that he may be enabled properly to settle his affairs before his departure.
3 WILLIAM PORTER.

To be SOLD, on Thursday the 29th of December, if fair, otherwise next
fair day, at the late dwellinghouse of
Mary Booker, deceased, in Glou-
cester county,

ALL her personal ESTATE, consisting of HOUSEHOLD and
KITCHEN FURNITURE, stocks of CATTLE, HORSES,
SHEEP, and HOGS, the crop of CORN and FODDER, with the
PLANTATION TOOLS, &c. Six months credit will be allowed the
purchaser, on bond and good security. The bonds to carry interest from the
date, if not paid when they become due. Those who have demands a-
gainst the said estate, are desired to send in their accounts, properly
proved, to 4 THE EXECUTOR.

YORK, November 12, 1774.
For SALE,
MY DWELLINGHOUSE, &amp.c. in York town, Five
years credit will be allowed, the purchaser giving
bond (with approved security) bearing interest from the
time the bargain is concluded upon.
tf J. H. NORTON.

Column 2

NOVEMBER 1, 1774.
THE partnership of Amos Ladd and company being this day dis-
solved by consent, all persons having demands on the said company
are to apply to Amos and James Ladd for payment, who have undertaken
to discharge all demands against Amos Ladd and company. I intend soon
to leave the colony. 3 JOHN ATKINSON.

RUN away from the subscriber, near Prince Edward courthouse, about
the 1st of October, a negro fellow named CAESAR, formerly the
property of Mr. David Copeland, of Cumberland county, of whom I pur-
chased him. He is about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, and well made; had
on, and carried with him, an upper jacket, made out of a blanket, and
an under one, of negro cotton, without skirts, and pretty much wore,
an oznabrig shirt, and a pair of blue velvet breeches, more than half
wore. He had no shoes or stockings when he went off. As he was
born and raised in Cumberland county, where he must have formed some
connections, it is probable he may have gone that course. Whoever
brings the said slave to me, or secures him in any gaol, and informs me
thereof, so that I get him again, shall receive twenty shillings reward,
besides what the law allows. 3 ROBERT LAWSON.

STRAYED, or stolen, from the subscriber, at William and Mary
college, on the 5th instant (Nocvember) a bay horse and mare, each
of them nearly 14 hands high, with hanging manes and tails; the horse
is somewhat chafed with harness across the breast, has a star in his fore-
head, shod before, and his hoofs are much impaired by a founder, which
occasions him to limp a little in his gaits; his brand, if any, is not re-
collected. The mare is remarkably potbellied, which is encreased at
present by being with foal, is sluggish in her gaits, and bends much on
her pasterns; I am not certain whether she has a brand; if any, believe
it is R. I. Whoever brings them to me at college, or gives me such in-
formation that I may procure them again, shall receive TEN SHIL-
LINGS for his trouble. JAMES INNES.

To be SOLD, to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Albemarle court-
house, on the
12 th of January next,
SIX hundred and fifty acres of land, lying on Great and Little Buck Island
creeks, in the said county, by virtue of a deed of trust from Roland
Jones
to William Clopton. We shall attend on the said land the day before
court, to treat with any one that has a mind to purchase privately.
(5) ROLAND JONES
WILLIAM CLOPTON.

COLCHESTER, November 1, 1774.
THE subscriber some time ago advertised in the neighbourhood of this
place, that the business formerly transacted by him here, on ac-
count of Messieurs David Dalyell, George Oswald and company,and
Oswald, Dennistoun, and company,>of Glasgow, was declined by him on
the 10th of January last, and committed to the management of Mr.
John Gibson; and as he intends soon to leave the colony, he requests all
who have had dealings with him on account of either of the said com-
panies, and have not already settled their accounts, to come immediately
and settle with Mr. Gibson, who has transacted the business since the
10th of January last, and continues to carry it on. Those who have
claims against the said company for transactions with them, are desired
to apply to Mr. Gibson, that they may be adjusted.
HECTOR ROSS.

DUMFRIES, November 8, 1774.
AT a meeting of the JOCKEY CLUB this day, resolved, that in con-
formity to the 8th article of the resolves of the GENERAL CON-
GRESS, the Dumfries races, that were advertised to be run the 29th of
this month, be postponed. The gentlemen farmers that are fattening
beeves, muttons, and veals, for our premiums, must, for the present
put up with hounour and glory in place of the guineas that were intended
for them. RICHARD GRAHAM, SECRETARY.

THERE was a hogshead of tobacco inspected at Rocky Ridge ware-
house the 9th of August, 1769, for Francis Smith, and entered on
our book, number 1370, 80, 1090 next. If not claimed in
time, it will be sold according to law.
SCOTT and PANKEY, Inspectors.

To be SOLD, for ready money, by the executors of Newton Keene, deceased,
pursuant to his last will, by public auction to the highest bidder, on

Monday the 19th of November next, if fair, otherwise the next fair
day, at the place called
Newgate, in the county of Loudoun,
A TRACT of valuable LAND, lying in the said county, adjoining
to the said place called Newgate, and partly bounded by the Moun-
tain
road, containing about 1400 acres; about 100 acres whereof are
under a lease for one or two lives, at a small yearly rent. There is only
one small plantation, and but very little ground cleared thereon. It
has a considerable quantity of ground upon it, fit for improving into
meadow, and is extremely well watered and timbered. This land is
very conveniently situated, being only 25 miles from Alexandria, 23 from
Dumfries, and 18 from Colchester, and has a merchant mill within less
than a mile of it. Newgate is a very public place, and well situated for
trade and public house keeping. Deeds will be executed on the day of sale.
There will also be sold, by the said executors, for ready money, at public
sale, onMonday the 9th of January next, if fair, otherwise the next
fair day, at the late dwelling plantation of the said Newton Keene, in
Northumberland county, TWENTY very likely VIRGINIA born
NEGROES
BELONGING TO HIS ESTATE.
RICHARD LEE,
DAVID BOYD, Executors.

RUN away, about the middle of September, a negro fellow named
JACK, about 35 years old, and about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high,
blind of one eye, and is cloathed as negroes generally are. TEN SHIL-
LINGS will be given to any person that will bring him to me, near
Williamsburg. ANDREW ESTAVE.

PURSUANT to a decree of the honourable the general court, and by
letter of attorney from colonel George Mercer, of Virginia, now in
London, will be sold at public auction, about 3500 acres of LAND,
in the county of Loudoun, near West’s ordinary, about 12 miles from
Leesburg, 40 from Alexandria, and 35 from Dumfries, on Potowmack.
This land is well known by the description of the Bull Run Mountains,
and is very fertile. Also 6500 acres on Shenandoah river, in the county
of Frederick, opposite to Snicker’s ordinary, and binding on the river
about 7 miles. As this tract is part of a survey, one of the first in that
part of the colony, its quality cannot be questioned; it is well watered,
will admit of 2 mills on land streams, and others on the river. There
are now in it 6 plantations, well improved for cropping, 110 slaves, and
very large and choice flocks of horses (some of the dray breed) black cat-
tle, hots, and sheep, which, together with the crops of corn and wheat
now growing (expected to be upwards of 2000 barrels, and 5000 bushels)
will be sold on the premises, on the 24th of November next, or next
fair day. The Loudoun lands will be sold at West;’s ordinary on the 21st
day of the same month, and both tracts laid off in lots to suit every pur-
chaser, who may see them by applying to Mr. Francis Peyton, living near
the Loudoun lands, and Mr. William Dawson, who resides on the Shanan-
doah
tract. Among the slaves are 2 good blacksmiths, 2 carpenters, and
and exceeding trusty and skilful waggoner. The aged black cattle and
grown hogs will be fattened for slaughter. Purchasers above 25l. will be
allowed credit for 12 months, on giving bond and security to the sub-
scribers, who will be prepared to make conveyances.
JOHN TAYLOE,
tf GEORGE WASHINGTON.

NEW YORK, July 27, 1774.
FIFTY POUNDS REWARD.
WHEREAS on the 19th of June last past a certain JOSEPH
THORP was entrusted with a considerable sum in half jo-
hannes, of nine penny weight, to be delivered by him at Quebec, and as
he has not het made his appearance there, with other suspicious circum-
stances, it is apprehended he is gone off with the money. He is a native
of England, about 6 feet high, swarthy complexion, very dark, keen
eyes, and pitted with the smallpox, of a slender make, stoops as he walks,
talks rather slow, and has some small impediment in his speech. He
lived some time in Boston, from whence he removed to Quebec, assuming
the character of a merchant in both places; he was also once in trade
in Newcastle, Virginia, and has a brother settled there. It is believed
he went on board captain John F. Payne, for Albany, and took with
him a blue Casmir, and a dark brown cloth suit of clothes. Whoever se-
cures the said Joseph Thorp in any of his majesty’s gaols on this continent
shall be entitled to ten percent. on the sum recovered, and the above
reward of 50l. when convicted. Apply to Cuson and Seton of New York,
Joseph Wharton,
junior, of Philadelphia, Robert Chistie of Baltimore,
James Gibson<.em> and company of Virginia, John Bandfield of Quebec, Mc-
latiah Bourne,
or John Rowe, of Boston. It is requested of those who
may have seen this Joseph Thorp since the 19th of June last past, or
know any thing of the rout he has taken, that they convey the most
early intelligence thereof to any of the above persons, or
Greenwood Rit-
son,
and Mash, in Norfolk, or to Mr. Robt Pleasants and company, at
Four Mile creek, Henrico county; the favour will be gratefully acknow-
ledged. All masters of vessels are forewarned from taking him off the
continent.

Column 3

TEN POUNDS REWARD
RUN away from the subscriber’s plantation on Bull Run, the 7th of>
September last, a convict servant man, who says his name is John
Horne,
but was convicted by the name of Pooling Horne, and imported
into Potowmack river, last month, in the ship Tayloe. He is an English-
man,
about 24 years of age, 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, with short black
hair, a smooth face, and a scar under his left eye. Had on, and took
with him, an old blue sailor’s jacket, very short, with small black but-
tons, set thick on both sides, a black waistcoat, cord duroy breeches,
light marled stockings, and old shoes; also new light grey jacket and
breeches of coarse cloth, with white metal buttons, and two new
oznabrig shirts, with several other shirts, silk handkerchiefs, and other
things. He carried off a likely black blooded mare, about 14 hands
high, with a star on her forehead, branded on the near shoulder H, and
on the near buttock M. I will give the above reward for the servant
and the mare, delivered to me in Colchester.
(3) ALEXANDER HENDERSON.

NORFOLK, October 4, 1774.
THE directors of the LIGHTHOUSE are desirous to engage imme-
diately with some person to carry a quantity of stone from Cape
Henry
to the place whereon the lighthouse is to be fixed, about one mile
and a half distance. (tf…BASSETT MOSLEY.

FOR SALE,
NINE hundred and forty acres of valuable land, lying
on both sides of Contrary River, in Louisa, with
three plantations thereon, two of which has sufficient
houses for overseers and negroes; the other is improved
with all necessary buildings, and orchards of all kinds,
fit for the reception of a gentleman, the houses being
furnished in the best manner. This tract is well timbered
and watered, lies within 32 miles of Fredericksburg, and
43 of Page’s warehouse; there are at least 400 acres of
low grounds, of the best soil, 300 of which are now to
cut. The three plantations are under good fences, and
in good order to work 12 to 15 hands. Robert Flem-
ing, John Massey, and John Lain, are now in possession
of the plantations, who will shew the land to any person
inclinable to purchase, and Major Thomas Johnson will
agree with them for the price. The above tract is esteem-
ed the most valuable in Louisa for growing corn, wheat,
or tobacco, and situated in the best range for stock of any
below the great mountains.

FOR SALE, AND VERY CHEAP,
A PLANTATION in good order for cropping, none
of the land having been cleared above six years,
with all the necessary houses, quite new, together with 1500
acres of exceeding rich land, the soil of which is so good
that it will bring large tobacco for five or six years with-
out dung. I have made on this plantation above three
thousand pounds of tobacco per share. The place is very
healthy, and has a fine range for stock. This land lies
in the lower end of Buckingham county, near to Appo-
mattox river, on each side of the Great Ducker’s and Mayo
creeks. Tobacco has been carried above this land near
to Petersburg by water, and last month, in the dry wea-
ther, two canoe loads of wheat were brought back; they were
loaded but a little below this land. I make no doubt
but Appomatox river will soon be cleared, and then the
expence of sending wheat, tobacco, &emp;c. will be trifling.
Any person inclinable to purchase will see, by the produce
of the land, that it is exceeding rich. I really do not
know any better high land in the colony. This tract of
land is well timbered, and has excellent water on it. I
do not know a better place for a merchant mill than is on
Ducker’s creek. People are going much on raising wheat
in these parts, and a good mill would be very advantage-
ous to the owner. Also another tract of land 826
acres, in Albemarle county, I believe about ten miles
from the courthouse joining Mr. James Harris and the
quarters of Mr. John Winston. On this land is a small
plantation, a good apple orchard, &c. The land is
good, and my price so low, that I am convinced any
person who viewed either of the above tracts of land
would not hesitate to give the price I shall ask. Neither
of these tracts are under any incumbrance whatsoever.
A reasonable time of payment will be allowed.
tf ANTHONY WINSTON.

TO BE RENTED,
FROM YEAR TO YEAR, OR FOR A TERM OF YEARS,
BELVOIR,
THE beautiful seat of the honourable George William
Fairfax, esquire, lying upon Potowmack river, in
Fairfax county, about 14 miles below Alexandria. The
mansion house is of brick, two story high, with four con-
venient rooms and a large passage upon the lower floor,
five rooms and a passage on the second, and a servants
hall and cellars below; convenient offices, stables, and
coach house, adjoining, as also a large and well furnish-
garden, stored with great variety of valuable fruits, in
good order. Appertaining to the tract on which these
improvements are, and which contains near 2000 acres
(surrounded, in a manner, by navigable water) are se-
veral valuable fisheries, and a good deal of cleared land
in different parts, which may be let altogether, or sepa-
rately, as shall be found most convenient. The terms
may be known of Colonel Washington, who lives near
the premises, or of me, in Berkely county,
tf FRANCIS WILLIS, junior.

FOR SALE,
ABOUT twelve thousand acres of exceeding rich
TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst county, whereon
are several plantations and improvements sufficient to
work forty or fifty hands. There is on this land for sale
a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately built, with a
stone dam and a pair of good COLOGNE MILL-
STONES, which mill has for two years past got up-
wards of 100 barrels of toll corn, and is situated on a
never failing stream . The land will be shewn by William
Womack, who lives at one of the plantations, and the
prices of the land made known by him. One or two
years credit will be allowed, interest being paid for the
second year, and also for the first, if the money is not
paid agreeable to contract. The land is to be laid off
and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell, at the expence
of the purchaser. Deeds will be made, upon bond and
approved security being given, either to Call, William
Cabell, or the subscriber. Six per cent. discount will be
allowed for ready money, or good merchants note. If
any person would chuse to exchange lands in the lower
part of the country, on or near some navigable river,
that are good, it is more than probable we should agree.
CARTER BRAXTON.

Original Format

Ink on paper

Collection

Citation

Pinckney, John, -1777, printer, “The Virginia Gazette. Number 449, Thursday December 15, 1774,” Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, accessed May 2, 2024, https://cwfjdrlsc.omeka.net/items/show/1287.
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